高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省宿遷市泗陽縣2024-2025學年高一下學期期末英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillTimdotonight?A.Takeatest. B.Studyathome. C.Gotoaconcert.【答案】B【原文】W:I’mthinkingaboutgoingtoarockconcerttonight.Willyoujoinmeto?M:I’dliketo,butIhaveanEnglishtesttomorrowmorning.SoIneedtoreviewlessonsathome.W:Okay.2.Howmuchshouldthemanpayforthepizzas?A.￡23. B.￡25. C.￡27.【答案】A【原文】W:Whatwouldyouliketoorder,sir?M:Alargepizzawithoutextracheese,andonemediumpizzawithoutextracheese.Howmuchdotheycost?W:Thelargeoneistwelvepointfivepounds,andthemediumonecoststwopoundsless.3.WhatdoesDavidthinkoftakingahigh-speedtrain?A.It’sreallytime-saving.B.It’sthefastestwaytoBeijing.C.It’stoocostlyforhimtochoose.【答案】A【原文】W:David,whatabouttakingahighspeedtraintoBeijing?It’sfast.M:Whynot?Thoughit’llcostusalittlemoremoney,wecansavetimeandgettoBeijingmuchearlier.4.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelnow?A.Calm. B.Interested. C.Disappointed.【答案】C【原文】W:WhenwilltheTVshowbegin?It’salreadyeighto’clocknow.M:Youdidn’tknowitwouldn’tbeontonight.Itwillbeontomorrownight.W:WhatI’vebeenlookingforwardtoitthewholeday.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.John’smajor. B.Wildlifeprotection. C.Businessmanagement.【答案】A【原文】W:John,Iheardyouhavechangedyourmajor.Isthattrue?M:Yes,afterstudyingbusinessforhalfayear,IfoundIdidn’treallylikeit.W:Sowhatareyoustudyingnow?M:Wildlifescience.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatwillthewomaneatthistime?A.Beef. B.Duck. C.Chicken.7.Whydoesthewomanwanttothanktheman?A.Hehelpsheratwork.B.Hewillpayfortoday’smeal.C.HeteacheshertousetheInternet.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】M:IhopethefoodhereisasgoodaswhatpeoplesaidontheInternet,Jessica.W:Metoo.It’snearourofficeandtheenvironmentisnice,sowhatdoyouwanttoeat,Tim?M:Ilovebothchickenandbeef,soI’llhavebeefthistime,whataboutyou?W:Iusedtolovebeef,butit’ssaidthatduckisespeciallygoodhere,soIwanttotryit.Bythewayit’smytreattoday.M:Whydon’twejustgoDutch？W:Notthistime,Ijustwanttothankyouforgivingmeguidanceandtipsintheoffice.M:Okay.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.WhatdidJasondoatthepartylastnight?A.Hesangsongs.B.Hedancedwithothers.C.Heplayedaninstrument.9.Whattimewillthewomanarriveatthepartytonight?A.At7:00. B.At7:30. C.At8:00.10.Howwillthewomangotothepartytonight?A.Bytaxi. B.Bybus. C.Bysubway.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【原文】W:Jason,thereisapartydowntowntonight.Doyouwanttogotoitwithme?M:Ijustwenttoapartylastnight.Idon’tfeellikegoingtoapartyagain.W:So,howwasthepartylastnight?M:Itwasgreat.Therewasmusic,dance,foodanddrinks.Isangalotandenjoyedthefoodanddrinks.W:Didyoudanceorplayinstruments?M:Me?No,I’mnotgoodatthem,soareyougoingtothepartytonight?W:Yes,that’smyplan.ItbeginsatsevenPM,butI’llprobablyarrivetherehalfanhourlate.It’sfarfrommyhome.M:Howwillyougothere,bybusorbytaxi?W:Neither,sincetakingthesubwayisthemostconvenient.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers. B.Classmates. C.Neighbors.12.WhatattractedKateinInnsbruck?A.Itspleasantweather. B.Itsgreatarchitecture. C.Itsdeliciouslocalfood.13.WhatisJackgoingtododuringhisholiday?A.TraveltoChina. B.Takecareofababy. C.Prepareforanexam.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【原文】M:HelloKate,longtimenosee.W:HelloJack.Areyougoingdownstairstodoexerciseintheneighborhood?M:Yes,whendidyoucomebackfromyourtrip.W:Attheendoflastmonth,IvisitedInnsbrook,thecapitalcityofTyrolwithmyhusband.M:Soundsnice.W:Yes,myhusbandlovedthepleasantweatherandthedeliciouslocalfoodthere.Besides,thiscityisfamousforitsuniquearchitecturewhichfascinatedme.M:Itseemsthatyouhadagoodtimethere.W:Yeah,howaboutyou?IheardyouplannedtogotoChinawithyourparentsduringyourholiday.M:Ithasbeencancelled.MyparentshavegonetoNewYorktolookaftermybrother’sbaby,soIwillstayathometostudyformyTOEFLtest.W:Well,that’salsoanicechoice.M:Youcansayso.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.WhatcontributestoMichael’spoem-writing?A.Extensivereading.B.Takingwritingclasses.C.Gettingnaturalinspiration.15.Whatisthedifficultpartofpoem-writingforthewoman?A.Usingcorrectwords. B.Findingpropertopics. C.Expressingheremotions.16.WhatareMichael’spoemsmainlyabout?A.Love. B.Nature. C.History.17.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthewild. B.Inthelibrary. C.Intheclassroom.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.C【原文】W:Michael,Iheardthatyourpoemwaspublishedinourschoolnewspaper.Congratulations!M:Thanks,Lucy.W:Isthisyourfirstpoem?M:No,Ipublishedacollectionofpoemslastyear,underthenameofJamesSmith.W:Didyoutakeanyclassestolearntowritepoems?M:No.Ialwaysspendmuchtimeinthelibraryreadingdifferentkindsofbooks.Ithinkthiscontributestomypoemwriting.W:OhIsee.Iwon’ttrytowritepoemsbutIfinallygaveup.M:Why?W:Itwassodifficulttofindthepropertopic.M:Forme,thewordingisthehardest.W:Manypeoplelikewritinglovepoemstoexpresstheiremotions.Doyoualsolikewritingsuchpoems?M:Notreally,mypoemsaremainlyabouthistoryandsometimesIwriteaboutnature.W:I’mreallyinterestedinyourpoems.Canyoushowsomeofthemtome?M:Ofcourse,doyoumindgoingtomyhometoseethemafterschool?W:Whynot?Ohlet’sstoptalkingandopenthebook.MisterWhitehascomeandisreadytogivetheclass.M:Okay.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whatwasthespeaker’spurposeofgoingtoChina?A.TolearnChinese.B.Tomeetherfamily.C.Totakeashortfieldtrip.19.Whichofthefollowingexcitedthespeakerinherhostfamily?A.Theirwonderfulcooking.B.Descriptionoftheirtraditions.C.Theirinterestinforeigncultures.20.WhatdidthespeakerprobablythinkofherexperienceinChina?A.Quiteboring. B.Verybeneficial. C.Fullofhardships.【答案】18.A19.B20.B【原文】Inthesummeroftwentytwenty,withagroupofstudents,IflewfromAmericatoChinatolearnChinese.Myhostfamilywelcomedmewithopenarms.Myanxietyoverthehugelanguagebarrierdisappearedafteradelicioushomemadedinneratthefirstnight.Fromthatmomenton,wedevelopedaclosebond,andIwastreatedasamemberoftheirownfamily.MyhostsisterswereattractedbymydiscussionsofLatinandancientGreek,andIwasexcitedbythedetailsoftheirtraditionstheytoldme.Wealllearnedalotabouteachother’scultures,andIwassoonwelladapted.ThegroupofstudentsIstudiedwithinChinacamefromdifferentcountries.Webecameaverytight-knitfamilythroughthisacademicandculturalexchange.Igreatlybenefitedfromthisexperience.Westudiedtogether,takingfieldtripsandexploringChinacities.Wesupportedoneanotherthroughstudyhours,andofferwordsofencouragementtoeachotherinthefaceofhardships.IreturnedtomycountryafterIfinishedthetwoyearexchangeactivity.I’mlookingforwardtoanotherchancetogotoChina.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AVOLUNTEERPROJECTSANDACTIVITIESWe’vegotsomethingforjustabouteveryone—frombeachcleanups,tohistoricsitesandhabitatrestoration(修復),plantnurseries,andlandscaping.Noexperienceorcommitmentnecessary.Weprovideallofthetools,training,andleadership.Wejustneedyou,yourwillingnesstojoinin,andabitofyourtime.Findtherightfitforyou—checkoutthevarietyofserviceprojectsandprogramsintheparks.·ForGroupslargerthanfive,pleasevisitGroupVolunteerProjects.·Forotherlonger-termvolunteerroles,visitIndividualServicePositions.·Checkoutourupcomingprograms.BeachVolunteeringHelpprotectourbeautifulparkbeaches!Volunteerswillenjoybeautifuloceanviewswhiletheyremovelitterandwaste,protectnativehabitats,andhelpreduceoceanpollution.HabitatRestorationVolunteeringHelprestoreandmonitorcriticalnaturalareasandcreatewildlifepathwaysforthreatenedandendangeredspecies.Activitiesincludedestructiveplantremoval,winterplanting,litterremoval,seedcollection,fenceconstruction,trailmaintenance,andplantmonitoring.HistoricLandscapeVolunteeringHelpprotectandenhancebeautifullandscapesandmaintainhistoricbuildingsandgrounds.Activitiesincludereseeding,weeding,winterplanting,litterremoval,painting,andgroundskeeping.NativePlantNurseriesRestoringforgenerationstocome,thenurseriesprovidealivinglinkbetweenlocalcommunitiesandtherestorationofnativeplanthabitatthroughouttheGoldenGateNationalParks.21.Whatisrequiredforvolunteerstoparticipate?A.Previousexperience. B.Personalwillingness.C.Self-providedequipment. D.Long-termcommitment.22.Whichprogramsuitsthoseconcernedaboutendangeredwildlife?A.BeachVolunteering. B.HabitatRestorationVolunteering.C.HistoricLandscapeVolunteering. D.NativePlantNurseries.23.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Atravelguide. B.Ageographyjournal.C.Abiologypaper. D.Apublicservicewebsite.【答案】21.B22.B23.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要講述了志愿者項目和活動的相關信息，包括不同種類的志愿者活動及其內容?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Wejustneedyou,yourwillingnesstojoinin,andabitofyourtime.(我們只需要你，你加入的意愿，以及你的一點時間)”可知，志愿者參與需要個人的意愿。故選B?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據HabitatRestorationVolunteering部分中“Helprestoreandmonitorcriticalnaturalareasandcreatewildlifepathwaysforthreatenedandendangeredspecies.(幫助恢復和監(jiān)測關鍵自然區(qū)域，并為受威脅和瀕危物種創(chuàng)造野生動物通道)”可知，HabitatRestorationVolunteering適合那些關心瀕危野生動物的人。故選B。【23題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章標題“VOLUNTEERPROJECTSANDACTIVITIES(志愿者項目和活動)”以及下文對不同志愿者項目的介紹可知，本文介紹了志愿者項目和活動的相關信息，因此最有可能來自公共服務網站。故選D。B“Iwalkedlongdistancestoschoolinworn-outshoes,carryingmystationeryandhomeworknotinaschoolbagbutinhands.Unabletoaffordexercisebooks,Iworriedaboutlosingmyassignmentswrittenonoldbitsofpaper.”Tinotendarecallsinalowvoice,“HungerbecamealltoofamiliarandIwentalmosttheentireschooldaywithouteatinganything.”Tinotenda,astudentfromasmallruralfarmingtowninZimbabwe,lostherfatherduringprimaryschool.“Mylearningwasalmoststoppedasmymotherstruggledtosupportusonherown.”Tinotendawept,saying,“Mysecondaryeducationseemedoutofreachthen.”JustwhenTinotendawasabouttodropout,CAMFEDsteppedin.Theycoveredherschoolfees,andprovidednotebooksandshoes.“Immediately,myself-confidenceincreaseddramatically,”shesays.WithCAMFED’ssupport,shecouldfocusonherstudiesandbeganachievinghighgrades.Shebecamemoreinvolvedinschoolactivities,takingupleadershipopportunities.Andsheiscurrentlytheschool’sHeadGirl!InJuly2023,TinotendawasinvitedtoasummerprogrambytheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Itwasagreatlearningexperience,”shesays.Duringtheprogram,shechosetwocoursesinmedicineandpathology(病理學),andenjoyedconductingresearchinlabs.“Iusedamicroscopeforthefirsttimeandlearnedsomuch!”sheadds.TinotendaispassionateaboutSTEMsubjects.“It’simportantforgirlstoparticipateinthesesubjectssotheycanentermale-dominatedfields,”sheencouragesgirlstoreceiveeducation.“Itwilltakeyoutonewheightsandmakeyourlifebeautiful.”TinotendadreamsofbecominganeurosurgeonandhopestosupportmoregirlsthroughCAMFED.Herstoryisatestamenttothepowerofeducationandtheimpactofsupportivecommunities.Shebelievesthatwithhardwork,dedicationandwillpower,onlythesky’sthelimit.24.What’sTinotenda’sfeelingwhentalkingaboutherpasthardships?A.Grateful. B.Puzzled. C.Bitter. D.Determined.25.WhathappenedtoTinotendainprimaryschool?A.Herfatherpassedaway. B.SheparticipatedinCAMFED.C.Shedroppedoutofschool. D.Herfamilymovedtoaruraltown.26.HowdidCAMFEDhelpTinotenda?A.Byopeningcourses. B.BypreparingherforSTEM.C.Byofferingsupplies. D.Byinvitinghertoaprogram.27.WhatmightTinotendaagreewith?A.Povertyequalswealth. B.Opportunitycomesfirst.C.Educationchangeslife. D.Leadershipmattersmost.【答案】24.C25.A26.C27.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Tinotenda在困境中通過CAMFED的幫助實現夢想的故事。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段中““Mylearningwasalmoststoppedasmymotherstruggledtosupportusonherown.”Tinotendawept,saying,“Mysecondaryeducationseemedoutofreachthen.”(“我母親獨自艱難地撫養(yǎng)我們，我的學業(yè)幾乎中斷了?！盩inotenda哭著說，“那時候，我上中學的希望似乎破滅了”)”可知，Tinotenda在談論過去的艱辛時，她的心情是痛苦的。故選C。【25題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Tinotenda,astudentfromasmallruralfarmingtowninZimbabwe,lostherfatherduringprimaryschool.(Tinotenda是津巴布韋一個農村小鎮(zhèn)的學生，她在小學時失去了父親)”可知，Tinotenda在小學時她的父親去世了。故選A。【26題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中“JustwhenTinotendawasabouttodropout,CAMFEDsteppedin.Theycoveredherschoolfees,andprovidednotebooksandshoes.(就在Tinotenda要輟學的時候，CAMFED介入了。他們?yōu)樗Ц读藢W費，還提供了筆記本和鞋子)”可知，CAMFED通過提供物資幫助了Tinotenda。故選C?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第五段““It’simportantforgirlstoparticipateinthesesubjectssotheycanentermale-dominatedfields,”sheencouragesgirlstoreceiveeducation.“Itwilltakeyoutonewheightsandmakeyourlifebeautiful.”(“女孩們參與這些學科很重要，這樣她們才能進入男性主導的領域，”她鼓勵女孩們接受教育，“教育會帶你們登上新的高度，讓你們的生活變得美好”)”可推知，Tinotenda認為教育可以改變生活。故選C。CWildfigtreesmayprovideaninexpensive,effectivewaytomonitormercury(汞)pollutionnearsmall-scalegoldminingsitesthroughouttheGlobalSouth,arecentstudysuggests.PublishedinFrontiersinEnvironmentalScience,theanalysislookedatwhetherfigtreescanbeusedasabiomonitoringtoolnearsmall-scalegoldmines.Themines,locatedlargelyinSouthAmerica,SoutheastAsiaandsub-SaharanAfrica,useliquidmercurytoseparateore(礦石)andgold,unleashinghighlevelsofmercurypollution.Thepollutedairgeneratedbyburningmercury-goldamalgams(合金)togetgoldcanendangerhealthinhumansandanimals.Buttheindustry—largelyunregulated—lacksreliablemonitoringdata,theresearcherswrite.Theresearchersintroducedafast-growingfigtreethatthrivesthroughoutthetropics.Thetreesgrowannualrings,whichisuncommonamongtropicaltrees.TheresearchersanalyzedtreecoresfromfivestudysitesinPeru’sMadredeDiosregiontodeterminewhetherfigtreescouldserveasnaturalindicatorsofmercurypollutionlevelsinthearea.Threeofthesiteswerenearsmallmines,andtwowerelocatedfaraway.Mercurylevelsinthetrees’ringswere“stronglycorrelated”withatmosphericmercurylevels,theresearchersfound,andtreesnearestthemineshadhigherconcentrations(濃度)ofmercuryintheirrings.Passiveairsamplingconfirmedthemercurymeasurements.Thestudyexaminedtreeringsfrom1941to1999and2000to2019.Attwositesnearmodernminingtownswheremercury-goldamalgamswereburned,theteamfoundlowermercuryconcentrationsintreeringsduringtheearlierperiod,whenminingintheareawasn’twellestablished,andhigherlevelsaftergoldminingexpanded.Treesprovide“amuchmorewidelyspreadandcheapernetworkofbiomonitoring”overdecadesthantypicalmonitoringofsmall-scalemines,whichfocusesonshortperiods,theresearcherswrite.“ThisreallyoffersamethodthatcanbeemployedthroughouttheGlobalSouthtounderstandchangesinmercuryovertime,aswellasspaceindicatorsofmercury.”JacquelineGerson,astudyauthorandassistantprofessorofbiologicalandenvironmentalengineeringinCornellUniversity’sCollegeofAgricultureandLifeSciences,saidinanewsannouncement.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unleashing”inparagraph2mean?A.Releasing. B.Detecting. C.Absorbing. D.Reducing.29.Whyarefigtreesfromdifferentsitesanalyzed?A.Tofigureouttheeffectofmercurypollution.B.Totestiftheycanmonitormercurypollution.C.Tostudytheexactcauseofmercurypollution.D.Toseehowtheyhelpreducemercurypollution.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Treeringsshowlowermercurylevelsafterminingexpanded.B.Typicalminemonitoringcoversbroaderareasthantreerings.C.Mercury-goldamalgamswereburnedonlyfrom2000to2019.D.Treeringsofferalong-termandcheapwaytomonitormercury.31.WhatisJacquelineGerson’sattitudetowardsusingfigtreestomonitormercurypollution?A.Concerned. B.Approving. C.Objective. D.Uninterested.【答案】28.A29.B30.D31.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了研究表明無花果樹可作為監(jiān)測汞污染的廉價有效工具。【28題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據第二段中劃線詞前“Themines,locatedlargelyinSouthAmerica,SoutheastAsiaandsub-SaharanAfrica,useliquidmercurytoseparateoreandgold,(這些礦場主要位于南美洲、東南亞和撒哈拉以南非洲，使用液態(tài)汞分離礦石和黃金)”及劃線詞后“highlevelsofmercurypollution. Thepollutedairgeneratedbyburningmercury-goldamalgams(合金)togetgoldcanendangerhealthinhumansandanimals.(高水平的汞污染。通過燃燒汞金合金提取黃金時產生的受污染空氣，會危害人類和動物的健康)”可知，液態(tài)汞被用來分離礦石和黃金，從而釋放出高水平的汞污染，故劃線詞unleashing與A選項Releasing“釋放”意義相近。故選A?！?9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中“TheresearchersanalyzedtreecoresfromfivestudysitesinPeru’sMadredeDiosregiontodeterminewhetherfigtreescouldserveasnaturalindicatorsofmercurypollutionlevelsinthearea.(研究人員分析了秘魯馬德雷德迪奧斯地區(qū)五個研究地點的樹芯，以確定無花果樹是否可以作為該地區(qū)汞污染水平的自然指標)”可知，研究人員分析來自不同地點的無花果樹是為了測試它們是否可以監(jiān)測汞污染。故選B?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第六段中“Treesprovide“amuchmorewidelyspreadandcheapernetworkofbiomonitoring”overdecadesthantypicalmonitoringofsmall-scalemines,whichfocusesonshortperiods,theresearcherswrite.(研究人員寫道，與典型的小型礦山監(jiān)測相比，樹木在幾十年間提供了一個“分布更廣、更便宜的生物監(jiān)測網絡”，而典型的小型礦山監(jiān)測則側重于短期)”可知，樹輪提供了一種長期且廉價的監(jiān)測汞污染的方法。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“ThisreallyoffersamethodthatcanbeemployedthroughouttheGlobalSouthtounderstandchangesinmercuryovertime,aswellasspaceindicatorsofmercury.(這確實提供了一種可以在全球南方各地采用的方法，以了解汞隨時間的變化，以及汞的空間指標)”可知，JacquelineGerson認為這種方法可以在全球南方各地采用，以了解汞隨時間的變化以及汞的空間指標。由此可推知，JacquelineGerson對使用無花果樹監(jiān)測汞污染持支持態(tài)度。故選B。DIsyourgreenmygreen?Probablynot.Whatappearsaspuregreentomeislikelytolookabityellowishorbluishtoyou.Moreover,anobject’scolormayappeardifferentlyagainstdifferentbackgroundsorunderdifferentlighting.Itmightnaturallyleadyoutothinkcolorsarerelativetoobserversandviewingconditions,andsonothinghasatruecolor.Butperceptualvariationismisleading.WeargueinthebookTheMetaphysicsofColorsthatcolorsareasobjectiveastemperature.People’schoicesvarysignificantlywhenaskedtopickthe“uniquegreen”fromaselectionofcolorchips.Agrayobjectappearsdarkeragainstalighterbackgroundthanadarkerone,andaredapplemightlookgreenorblueunderdifferentlighting.Thesefactsdon’tnegatetheobjectivityofcolors.Anapple’srednessremainsunchangedevenifitappearsdifferentlyundercertainconditions.Inotherwords,thepropertiesofanobjectareindependentofhowtheyappeartoyou.Todetermineanobject’scolor,placeitbesideanotherobjectunderthesamelightingandbackgroundconditions.Ifnodifferencesaredetectedbyobservers,thecolorsareconsideredthesame.Thisabilitytomatchcolorsshowstheirobjectivityisindependentofindividualperception,muchlikethetemperatureofwaterisindependentofhowcolditfeelstodifferentpeople.Inthefieldofcolorscience,scientificlawsareusedtoexplainhowobjectsandlightaffectperceptionandthecolorsofotherobjects.Suchlaws,forinstance,predictwhathappenswhenyoumixcoloredpaints,andwhenyoulookatcoloredobjectsinvariouslightingconditions.PhilosopherslikeHilaryPutnamarguethatifsomethingisessentialtoscience,itmustberealandobjective.Colorsarealsomeaningfulinthesurvivalandevolutionofanimals.Manyanimalsusecolorsstrategicallytosendwarningsignalsorattractmates.Forexample,somedamselfish(雀鯛魚)haveultravioletpatternsthatcanonlybeseenbytheirspecies,aidingrecognitionandmatingwhilehidingfrompredatorsthatcannotperceiveultravioletlight.Insum,ourabilitytodeterminewhetherobjectsarecoloredthesameordifferentlyandtheessentialrolestheyplayinsciencesuggestthatcolorsareasrealandobjectiveastemperature.32.Whatisthemisleadingbeliefaboutcolor?A.Everythinghasatruecolor. B.Colorsaregenerallysubjective.C.Yellowishandbluisharepuzzling. D.Colorsaren’taffectedbyconditions.33.What’stheauthor’ssuggestionfordetermininganobject’scolor?A.Detectconsistentlightingandbackgrounds.B.Matchcolorsusingindependentperception.C.Exchangedisagreementswithotherobservers.D.Makecomparisonsunderthesameconditions.34.Whydoestheauthormentiondamselfishinparagraph5?A.Toexplainaconcept. B.Toillustratearule.C.Tointroduceatheory. D.Toproveanargument.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LawsofColors. B.GreenIsGreen.C.ColorsandTemperature. D.ColorsinEvolution.【答案】32.B33.D34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了顏色的客觀性問題，反駁了顏色是主觀感知的觀點，并通過科學原理和生物進化實例論證顏色具有客觀性，如同溫度一樣真實存在。【32題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段中的“Itmightnaturallyleadyoutothinkcolorsarerelativetoobserversandviewingconditions,andsonothinghasatruecolor.Butperceptualvariationismisleading.(這可能會自然地讓你認為顏色是相對于觀察者和觀察條件而言的，所以沒有什么東西有真正的顏色。但感知上的變化是具有誤導性的。)”可知，人們通常會認為顏色是相對的，即主觀的，這是一種誤導性的信念。所以關于顏色的誤導性信念是顏色通常是主觀的。故選B項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第三段中的“Todetermineanobject’scolor,placeitbesideanotherobjectunderthesamelightingandbackgroundconditions.Ifnodifferencesaredetectedbyobservers,thecolorsareconsideredthesame.(為了確定一個物體的顏色，把它放在另一個物體旁邊，在相同的照明和背景條件下。如果觀察者沒有發(fā)現差異，則認為顏色相同。)”可知，作者建議在相同條件下進行比較來確定物體的顏色。故選D項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第五段“Colorsarealsomeaningfulinthesurvivalandevolutionofanimals.Manyanimalsusecolorsstrategicallytosendwarningsignalsorattractmates.Forexample,somedamselfishhaveultravioletpatternsthatcanonlybeseenbytheirspecies,aidingrecognitionandmatingwhilehidingfrompredatorsthatcannotperceiveultravioletlight.(顏色在動物的生存和進化中也具有重要意義。許多動物有策略地使用顏色來發(fā)出警告信號或吸引配偶。例如，一些雀鯛魚具有只能被其物種看到的紫外線模式，有助于識別和交配，同時躲避無法感知紫外線的捕食者。)”可知作者提到雀鯛魚是為了證明顏色在動物生存和進化中具有重要意義這一觀點，也就是證明前面提出的關于顏色具有客觀性的論點。故選D項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。文章開篇提到“Isyourgreenmygreen?Probablynot.Whatappearsaspuregreentomeislikelytolookabityellowishorbluishtoyou.(你眼中的綠色是我的綠色嗎？可能不是。在我看來是純綠色的東西，在你看來可能有點偏黃或偏藍。)”，描述了不同人對顏色感知可能不同這一現象，后文展開論述，如第二段中的“Anapple’srednessremainsunchangedevenifitappearsdifferentlyundercertainconditions.Inotherwords,thepropertiesofanobjectareindependentofhowtheyappeartoyou.(即使蘋果在某些條件下看起來不同，它的紅色仍然不變。換句話說，物體的屬性與它們在你眼中的樣子無關。)”和第三段中的“Thisabilitytomatchcolorsshowstheirobjectivityisindependentofindividualperception,muchlikethetemperatureofwaterisindependentofhowcolditfeelstodifferentpeople.(這種匹配顏色的能力表明它們的客觀性獨立于個人的感知，就像水的溫度獨立于不同人對它的寒冷感覺一樣。)”，最后一段得出結論“Insum,ourabilitytodeterminewhetherobjectsarecoloredthesameordifferentlyandtheessentialrolestheyplayinsciencesuggestthatcolorsareasrealandobjectiveastemperature.(總之，我們確定物體顏色是否相同或不同的能力，以及它們在科學中發(fā)揮的重要作用，表明顏色和溫度一樣真實和客觀。)”可知，顏色具有客觀性，就如同溫度一樣，不管人們感知如何，顏色有其自身客觀屬性。故選項B（綠色就是綠色。）能夠概括全文，故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ShowsomeoneyoursupportSometimespeoplewhoareclosetousgothroughdifficulttimes.Thatcouldincludecopingwithanillnessorotherbigchangesintheirlife.____36____Justwantingtosupportthemisagoodplacetobegin.Herearesomeideastoconsider.Letthemknowyoucare.Yourfriendorfamilymembermayfeelliketalkingaboutwhattheyaregoingthrough,ortheymaynot.It’salwaysappropriatetoletthemknowyoucareandwillbethereforthem.____37____Makingavideoexpressingyourloveforthemisanotheroption.YoucouldalsoaskthemifitwouldbeOKtobringormailthemabakedtreat,oryoumightputtogetheracarepackage.Spendtimetogether.____38____Ifpossible,askiftheywouldliketodosomethingtogether,liketakeawalk,watchamovie,ordoapuzzle.Ifit’safamilymemberwholivesfaraway,youcanaskiftheywanttovideochatortalkonthephone.Youcouldalsosendthemphotosofyourdaytohelpthemfeelconnected.____39____Peoplewhocareaboutyoulikelywantyoutokeepyourdailyroutineasmuchaspossible,evenwhiletheyaregoingthroughsomethingchallenging.Butyoumightalsobeabletostepinwhenpossible,withtaskslikedoingthedishes,lookingafterapet,orironingclothes.Payattentiontotheirneedsandwants.Thisisoftenthehardest,butmostimportantwaytoshowyoucare.Eveniftheyarejusttellingyouastoryaboutsomethingsillythathappenedatthesupermarket,it’simportantthatyourespondappropriately.Ifyouignorethemwhenitcomestosimplethings,theywon’tfeelthatyoucareaboutthem.____40____A.Helpoutwithsmalltasks.B.Sticktoyourdailyroutine.C.Yourpresencealonecanbecomforting.D.Evensmallgesturescanmeanalottoothers.E.Youcouldshowyourcarebymakingacardwithanoteinside.F.Therefore,theyaremuchlesslikelytoshareanythingdeeperwithyou.G.Youprobablywishyoucoulddosomethingtohelpbutmightnotbesurehow.【答案】36.G37.E38.C39.A40.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了當身邊人經歷困難時表達支持的一些方法?！?6題詳析】上文“Sometimespeoplewhoareclosetousgothroughdifficulttimes.Thatcouldincludecopingwithanillnessorotherbigchangesintheirlife.(有時我們身邊的人會經歷困難時期，這可能包括應對疾病或生活中的其他重大變化)”描述了身邊人可能面臨的困境，下文“Justwantingtosupportthemisagoodplacetobegin.(僅僅是想支持他們就是一個好的開始)”提到了支持的想法，空處應體現出我們面對他人困境時想幫忙卻不確定方法的狀態(tài)，G選項“Youprobablywishyoucoulddosomethingtohelpbutmightnotbesurehow.(你可能希望自己能做點什么來幫助他們，但可能不知道該怎么做。)”既承接了上文他人遇到困難的情況，又引出了下文想要支持的內容，符合語境，故選G。【37題詳析】上文“It’salwaysappropriatetoletthemknowyoucareandwillbethereforthem.(讓他們知道你關心他們并會在他們身邊，這總是合適的)”表明要讓對方感受到關心，下文“Makingavideoexpressingyourloveforthemisanotheroption.(制作一段視頻表達你對他們的愛也是另一種選擇)”介紹了另一種表達關心的方式，空處應列舉一種具體的表達關心的做法，E選項“Youcouldshowyourcarebymakingacardwithanoteinside.(你可以通過制作一張里面有便條的卡片來表達你的關心。)”與下文的制作視頻并列，都是具體的關心方式，符合語境，故選E。【38題詳析】該段標題“Spendtimetogether.(一起共度時光)”強調了陪伴的重要性，下文“Ifpossible,askiftheywouldliketodosomethingtogether,liketakeawalk,watchamovie,