2025年高等教育自學(xué)考試（英語(yǔ)（一）·00012）歷年參考題庫(kù)含答案詳解(5套)2025年高等教育自學(xué)考試（英語(yǔ)（一）·00012）歷年參考題庫(kù)含答案詳解(篇1)【題干1】虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中表示與事實(shí)相反時(shí)，通常使用"if+過(guò)去式，主句用would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形"。以下哪項(xiàng)符合此結(jié)構(gòu)？【選項(xiàng)】A.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder.B.IfIwasyou,Iwouldstudyharder.C.IfIamyou,Iwouldstudyharder.D.IfIwasyou,Iwouldstudynow.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】A項(xiàng)"were"正確體現(xiàn)虛擬語(yǔ)氣，B項(xiàng)"was"用于陳述句，C項(xiàng)"am"為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)不符合條件句要求，D項(xiàng)"studynow"與"would"連用違反語(yǔ)法規(guī)則?！绢}干2】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與主句主語(yǔ)一致。下列哪項(xiàng)屬于此類結(jié)構(gòu)？【選項(xiàng)】A.Sheboughtabooktoread.B.Heaskedmetoleave.C.Theyconsideredbuildinganewhouse.D.Shewantedhimtohelp.【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】B項(xiàng)"toleave"的邏輯主語(yǔ)"me"與主句主語(yǔ)"he"一致，屬于正常賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)"toread"與主語(yǔ)"book"無(wú)主從關(guān)系，C項(xiàng)"building"省略了邏輯主語(yǔ)"they"，D項(xiàng)"help"的邏輯主語(yǔ)"he"與主句主語(yǔ)"she"不一致?！绢}干3】"takeup"作為短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，常表示開始從事某事。以下哪項(xiàng)正確使用該短語(yǔ)？【選項(xiàng)】A.Hetookupsmokinglastyear.B.Shetookupdancingyesterday.C.Theytookupthephoneimmediately.D.Wetookupanewproject.【參考答案】D【詳細(xì)解析】D項(xiàng)"tookup"表示"開始承擔(dān)新項(xiàng)目"，符合短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法。A項(xiàng)"smoking"為具體事物，B項(xiàng)"yesterday"時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不當(dāng)，C項(xiàng)"takeupthephone"應(yīng)搭配"answer"或"pickup"。【題干4】英語(yǔ)中"lookforwardto"后接動(dòng)名詞形式，但有時(shí)可接不定式。以下哪項(xiàng)屬于例外情況？【選項(xiàng)】A.Ilookforwardtoseeingyou.B.Shelooksforwardtomeetinghim.C.Theylookforwardtocominghere.D.Welookforwardtovisitthemuseum.【參考答案】D【詳細(xì)解析】D項(xiàng)"visit"應(yīng)為"visiting"，因"lookforwardto"固定接動(dòng)名詞。其他選項(xiàng)均正確使用動(dòng)名詞形式，其中B項(xiàng)"meeting"為可分動(dòng)詞，需保持完整結(jié)構(gòu)。【題干5】虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中表示與事實(shí)相反時(shí)，常用"wouldrather+從句"。以下哪項(xiàng)正確表達(dá)？【選項(xiàng)】A.Iwouldratherheleftnow.B.Iwouldrathersheleftnow.C.Iwouldratherhestayedhere.D.Iwouldrathershestayedhere.【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】C項(xiàng)"hestayed"與主句"wouldrather"形成虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示"寧愿他留下"。A項(xiàng)"left"與"wouldrather"連用違反語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，B、D項(xiàng)性別指代與主語(yǔ)不一致?！绢}干6】"bythetime"引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句常使用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.BythetimeIarrived,themeetinghadstarted.B.Bythetimehearrived,themeetingstarted.C.Bythetimeshearrived,themeetingwillstart.D.Bythetimetheyarrived,themeetinghadstarted.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】A項(xiàng)"hadstarted"正確體現(xiàn)"bythetime"從句的過(guò)去完成時(shí)。B項(xiàng)"started"為一般過(guò)去時(shí)不符合時(shí)態(tài)要求，C項(xiàng)"willstart"為將來(lái)時(shí)與主句時(shí)間不符，D項(xiàng)主語(yǔ)"they"與選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)?！绢}干7】"aswellas"連接的兩個(gè)并列成分需保持語(yǔ)法一致。以下哪項(xiàng)存在語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤？【選項(xiàng)】A.Heisaswellasateacherandawriter.B.Sheisaswellasteacherandwriter.C.Theyareaswellasteachersandwriters.D.Itisaswellasbookandpen.【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】B項(xiàng)"teacherandwriter"需加冠詞"a"，因"aswellas"連接兩個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)。其他選項(xiàng)均正確，A項(xiàng)"teacherandwriter"為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，C項(xiàng)"teachersandwriters"為復(fù)數(shù)形式，D項(xiàng)"bookandpen"為不可數(shù)名詞?！绢}干8】"beabouttodo"表示即將發(fā)生動(dòng)作，常與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連用。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.Sheisabouttoleavetheroomnow.B.Heisabouttoleavetheroomnow.C.Theyareabouttoleavetheroomnow.D.Itisabouttoleavetheroomnow.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】A項(xiàng)"she"為女性第三人稱單數(shù)，與"abouttoleave"搭配正確。B項(xiàng)"he"性別不符，C項(xiàng)"they"指代不明確，D項(xiàng)"it"不能執(zhí)行動(dòng)作"leave"。【題干9】"incase"引導(dǎo)的從句表假設(shè)，主句常用"should"或"might"。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.I'llcallyouincaseIcan'tfindtheanswer.B.I'llcallyouincaseIshouldfindtheanswer.C.I'llcallyouincaseImightfindtheanswer.D.I'llcallyouincaseIwouldfindtheanswer.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】A項(xiàng)"can'tfind"為真實(shí)條件，符合"incase"引導(dǎo)的假設(shè)用法。B項(xiàng)"should"與"find"搭配不當(dāng)，C項(xiàng)"might"后需接動(dòng)詞原形，D項(xiàng)"would"不符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)則。【題干10】"notonly...butalso"連接的并列成分需保持結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱。以下哪項(xiàng)存在語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤？【選項(xiàng)】A.Shenotonlysingswellbutalsoplaysthepiano.B.Henotonlypassedtheexambutalsohelpedothers.C.Theynotonlystudiedhardbutalsoattendedallclasses.D.Itnotonlyisbigbutalsoisexpensive.【參考答案】D【詳細(xì)解析】D項(xiàng)"notonlyisbigbutalsoisexpensive"結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱正確。A項(xiàng)"playsthepiano"省略了冠詞"the"，B項(xiàng)"helpedothers"正確，C項(xiàng)"attendedallclasses"符合要求?！绢}干11】"setabout"表示開始做某事，常接動(dòng)名詞。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.Theysetaboutbuildinganewbridge.B.Shesetabouttowriteabook.C.Hesetaboutsolvingtheproblem.D.Wesetaboutvisitingthemuseum.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】A項(xiàng)"building"為動(dòng)名詞正確，B項(xiàng)"towrite"應(yīng)改為"writing"，C項(xiàng)"solving"正確，D項(xiàng)"visiting"符合語(yǔ)法?！绢}干12】"beboundto"表示必然發(fā)生，常接動(dòng)詞原形。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.Heisboundtosucceedinthecompetition.B.SheisboundtogotoParisnextweek.C.Theyareboundtolosethegame.D.Itisboundtoraintomorrow.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】A項(xiàng)"tosucceed"正確，B項(xiàng)"go"后需接地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，C項(xiàng)"lose"后需接"thegame"，D項(xiàng)"rain"為不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)改為"itwillrain"。【題干13】"bytheendof"后接時(shí)間段，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.Bytheendofthismonth,Ihavefinishedthereport.B.Bytheendofthismonth,Ifinishedthereport.C.Bytheendofnextyear,theywillfinishtheproject.D.Bytheendoflastyear,hehadfinishedthework.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】A項(xiàng)"havefinished"正確體現(xiàn)"bytheendof"從句的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。B項(xiàng)"finished"為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，C項(xiàng)"willfinish"為將來(lái)時(shí)不符合語(yǔ)境，D項(xiàng)"hadfinished"為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，但主句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為"lastyear"?！绢}干14】"so...that"引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，主句需用形容詞或副詞。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.HeransoquicklythatIfollowedhim.B.Shespokesoloudlythateveryoneheardher.C.Theyworkedsohardthatthemanagerpraisedthem.D.Heissocleverthathesolvedtheproblemeasily.【參考答案】D【詳細(xì)解析】D項(xiàng)"clever"為形容詞，"easily"為副詞，符合"so...that"結(jié)構(gòu)。A項(xiàng)"quickly"為副詞，但主句缺少形容詞，B項(xiàng)"loudly"正確，C項(xiàng)"hard"為副詞，主句"praised"需搭配形容詞?！绢}干15】"beusedto"后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，表習(xí)慣。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.Iamusedtolivingalone.B.Sheisusedtoworkinglate.C.Theyareusedtoeatvegetables.D.Itisusedtodrinkcoffee.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】A項(xiàng)"living"為動(dòng)名詞正確，B項(xiàng)"working"正確，C項(xiàng)"eat"需改為"eating"，D項(xiàng)"drink"需改為"drinking"?！绢}干16】"notonly...butalso"倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)需保持主謂一致。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.Notonlydidhepasstheexam,butalsohegotthehighestscore.B.Notonlypasshetheexam,butalsohegotthehighestscore.C.Notonlyhepassedtheexam,butalsohegotthehighestscore.D.Notonlydidhepasstheexam,buthealsogotthehighestscore.【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】B項(xiàng)"notonlypasshe"倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)正確，主句"hegot"主謂一致。A項(xiàng)"didhepass"與"butalsohegot"倒裝不完整，C項(xiàng)"hepassed"與"hegot"均未倒裝，D項(xiàng)"buthealso"未保持倒裝?！绢}干17】"innocase"引導(dǎo)的從句表絕對(duì)否定，主句用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.Innocaseshouldweignoretheproblem.B.Innocaseweignoretheproblem.C.Innocaseweshouldignoretheproblem.D.Innocasecanweignoretheproblem.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】A項(xiàng)"should"與"ignore"搭配正確，B項(xiàng)缺少情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，C項(xiàng)"we"未倒裝，D項(xiàng)"can"不符合"nocase"的絕對(duì)否定要求?！绢}干18】"asaresult"表結(jié)果，后接現(xiàn)在分詞或名詞。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.Asaresultcomingearly,hegotabonus.B.Asaresultofcomingearly,hegotabonus.C.Asaresulthecameearly,hegotabonus.D.Asaresultcameearly,hegotabonus.【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】B項(xiàng)"ofcoming"正確，A項(xiàng)"coming"缺少"of"，C項(xiàng)"hecame"與主句重復(fù)，D項(xiàng)"came"缺少介詞?！绢}干19】"such...that"引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，主句需用形容詞。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.Suchaheavyrainthatwestayedathome.B.Suchheavyrainfellthatwestayedathome.C.Suchheavythatwestayedathome.D.Suchaheavyrainfellthatwestayedhome.【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】B項(xiàng)"suchheavyrain"正確，主句"fell"為動(dòng)詞，"thatwestayed"正確。A項(xiàng)缺少"a"，C項(xiàng)缺少"rain"，D項(xiàng)"stayedhome"用詞不當(dāng)?！绢}干20】"not...until"倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)需保持正常語(yǔ)序。以下哪項(xiàng)正確？【選項(xiàng)】A.Notuntiltheteachercame,didthestudentsstartworking.B.Notuntilthestudentsstartedworking,theteachercame.C.Notuntiltheteachercamethestudentsstartedworking.D.Notuntilcametheteacherthestudentsstartedworking.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】A項(xiàng)"didthestudentsstart"正確倒裝，B項(xiàng)"theteachercame"未倒裝，C項(xiàng)"thestudentsstarted"未倒裝，D項(xiàng)"cametheteacher"未完整倒裝。2025年高等教育自學(xué)考試（英語(yǔ)（一）·00012）歷年參考題庫(kù)含答案詳解(篇2)【題干1】Themainpurposeofthispassageisto______theadvantagesofrenewableenergyovertraditionalfossilfuels.A.contrastB.emphasizeC.analyzeD.compare【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】本題考查“目的”類詞匯辨析。emphasize（強(qiáng)調(diào)）指突出某事物的重要性，符合題干中“重申可再生能源優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)能源的優(yōu)勢(shì)”的語(yǔ)境。contrast（對(duì)比）側(cè)重比較差異，analyze（分析）側(cè)重分解研究，compare（比較）側(cè)重并列比較，均不符合題干強(qiáng)調(diào)優(yōu)勢(shì)的主旨。【題干2】IfI______you,Iwouldhaveappliedforthejobyesterday.A.wereB.amC.hadbeenD.havebeen【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是“wouldhavedone”，條件句需用過(guò)去式。若條件句用be動(dòng)詞，需保持與主句時(shí)態(tài)一致。此處主句為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，條件句用過(guò)去式was的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)(wereyou)?！绢}干3】Thebook______bytheendofthismonth,providedthattheauthorcompletesthefinalchapterontime.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishedC.wouldbepublishedD.hasbeenpublished【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+will結(jié)構(gòu)表推測(cè)。providedthat引導(dǎo)的從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)，主句用will時(shí)態(tài)。選項(xiàng)C的would表委婉推測(cè)，但主句已有明確時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“bytheendofthismonth”，需用肯定推測(cè)will?！绢}干4】Itisessentialthatstudents______theirassignmentsbeforethedeadlinetoavoidpenalties.A.submitB.aresubmittingC.submitD.willsubmit【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】考查itisessentialthat從句結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為it，that從句需用動(dòng)詞原形（submit）。若主語(yǔ)為物，則用should+動(dòng)詞原形（shouldsubmit）。選項(xiàng)B的現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨狀語(yǔ)，D的willsubmit表將來(lái)動(dòng)作，均不符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)則?！绢}干5】Bythetimewearrivedatthestation,thetrain______for30minutes.A.hadleftB.leftC.hasleftD.wouldleave【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系。主句動(dòng)作(arrive)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，從句動(dòng)作(left)發(fā)生在arrive之前，需用hadleft。選項(xiàng)B省略了had，僅用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表過(guò)去動(dòng)作，但無(wú)法體現(xiàn)先后順序。【題干6】Themanagerisreported______tohavedismissedseveralemployeeswithoutpriornotice.A.thathewasB.ashavingbeenC.tobeD.havingbeen【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)搭配。動(dòng)詞report后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常用“reportsbtobe”或“reportsbasbeing”。選項(xiàng)C的tobe符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)則。選項(xiàng)B的thathewas從句需加動(dòng)詞have，構(gòu)成“reportthathehadbeen”，但此處強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)狀態(tài)，用tobe更準(zhǔn)確。【題干7】Thescientist______thattheexperimentwouldsucceedifrepeatedundercontrolledconditions.A.claimedB.suggestedC.arguedD.believed【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。claim（聲稱）指正式聲明，常用于權(quán)威人士；suggest（建議）側(cè)重提出意見(jiàn)；argue（論證）需有證據(jù)支持；believe（相信）主觀性較強(qiáng)。根據(jù)上下文科學(xué)家的確定性表述，claim更符合語(yǔ)境?！绢}干8】Thecommitteedecided______theprojectdespitethebudgetcuts.A.toproceedB.proceedingC.tohaveproceededD.onproceeding【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查不定式表目的。decide后接不定式表目的，decidetodosth。若接動(dòng)名詞，則需用decideondoingsth。選項(xiàng)B的動(dòng)名詞表伴隨動(dòng)作，C的完成時(shí)不定式表與過(guò)去動(dòng)作有關(guān)，均不符合語(yǔ)境。【題干9】Itisnotthathe______lazy,butthatheistooambitious.A.isB.wasC.wereD.hasbeen【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣與倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Itisnotthat...butthat...結(jié)構(gòu)后需用倒裝形式，且從句動(dòng)詞需與主句主語(yǔ)一致。主句主語(yǔ)he是第三人稱單數(shù)，從句用were構(gòu)成倒裝，排除A和D。選項(xiàng)B時(shí)態(tài)不符?！绢}干10】Themanager,______thereport,immediatelyannouncedthedecisiontothestaff.A.havingreviewedB.reviewedC.reviewingD.havingbeenreviewed【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。havingreviewedthereport是完成分詞短語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作(announced)之前。選項(xiàng)B的過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，與主動(dòng)含義矛盾；C的現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨動(dòng)作，但邏輯主語(yǔ)不符?！绢}干11】Thedatacollected______isinsufficienttodrawaconclusion.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。which引導(dǎo)的從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主語(yǔ)(datacollected)，且在從句中作表語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)B的that不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，C的where修飾地點(diǎn)，D的when修飾時(shí)間?！绢}干12】Bythetimetherescueteamarrived,thehiker______inthemountainsfor48hours.A.hadbeenlostB.waslostC.hadlostD.waslosing【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查過(guò)去完成時(shí)表持續(xù)狀態(tài)。主句動(dòng)作(arrive)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，從句動(dòng)作(lost)持續(xù)到主句動(dòng)作之前，需用hadbeenlost。選項(xiàng)B省略了had，僅用過(guò)去時(shí)表過(guò)去動(dòng)作，無(wú)法體現(xiàn)持續(xù)狀態(tài)。【題干13】Thebook______bytheendofthismonth,thepublisherwillofferadiscount.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishedC.wouldbepublishedD.hasbeenpublished【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查條件句時(shí)態(tài)搭配。主句動(dòng)詞(willoffer)表將來(lái)，條件句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。選項(xiàng)C的wouldbepublished表委婉推測(cè)，但主句已有明確條件，需用肯定式will?！绢}干14】Thecommittee______thatthenewpolicywouldbenefitbothemployeesandshareholders.A.agreedB.approvedC.supportedD.accepted【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。approve（批準(zhǔn)）需接賓語(yǔ)從句表正式通過(guò)，符合語(yǔ)境。選項(xiàng)Aagree側(cè)重達(dá)成一致，Csupport側(cè)重支持但不一定通過(guò)，Daccept側(cè)重接受但無(wú)強(qiáng)制意味?！绢}干15】Theresearch______bytheendof2023,butduetofundingissues,itwasdelayeduntil2025.A.wascompletedB.wouldbecompletedC.hasbeencompletedD.willbecompleted【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)與邏輯關(guān)系。主句動(dòng)作(delayed)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，從句動(dòng)作(completed)發(fā)生在delay之前，需用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。選項(xiàng)B的wouldbecompleted表假設(shè)，與事實(shí)不符；C和D時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤?！绢}干16】Themanager,______theannualreport,stressedtheimportanceofcostcontrol.A.havingpreparedB.preparedC.preparingD.havingbeenprepared【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查完成分詞作狀語(yǔ)。havingpreparedthereport表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作(stressed)之前，且邏輯主語(yǔ)一致。選項(xiàng)B的過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，與主動(dòng)含義矛盾；C的現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨動(dòng)作，但邏輯主語(yǔ)不符。【題干17】Thecommitteedecided______theprojectdespitethebudgetcuts.A.toproceedB.proceedingC.tohaveproceededD.onproceeding【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查不定式表目的。decidetodosth固定搭配，表決定后采取的行動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)B的動(dòng)名詞表伴隨動(dòng)作，C的完成時(shí)不定式表與過(guò)去動(dòng)作有關(guān)，D的onproceeding需接動(dòng)名詞，但decideon后直接接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，此處用toproceed更準(zhǔn)確?！绢}干18】Thedatacollected______isinsufficienttodrawaconclusion.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。which引導(dǎo)的從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主語(yǔ)(datacollected)，且在從句中作表語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)B的that不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，C的where修飾地點(diǎn)，D的when修飾時(shí)間?！绢}干19】Themanager,______thereport,immediatelyannouncedthedecisiontothestaff.A.havingreviewedB.reviewedC.reviewingD.havingbeenreviewed【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查完成分詞作狀語(yǔ)。havingreviewedthereport表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作(announced)之前，且邏輯主語(yǔ)一致。選項(xiàng)B的過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，與主動(dòng)含義矛盾；C的現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨動(dòng)作，但邏輯主語(yǔ)不符。【題干20】Thecommitteedecided______theprojectdespitethebudgetcuts.A.toproceedB.proceedingC.tohaveproceededD.onproceeding【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】考查不定式表目的。decidetodosth固定搭配，表決定后采取的行動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)B的動(dòng)名詞表伴隨動(dòng)作，C的完成時(shí)不定式表與過(guò)去動(dòng)作有關(guān)，D的onproceeding需接動(dòng)名詞，但decideon后直接接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，此處用toproceed更準(zhǔn)確。2025年高等教育自學(xué)考試（英語(yǔ)（一）·00012）歷年參考題庫(kù)含答案詳解(篇3)【題干1】虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中用于表達(dá)與事實(shí)相反或假設(shè)的情況，若主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用"bedone"的哪一種形式？【選項(xiàng)】A.shouldbedoneB.wouldbedoneC.wasdoneD.willbedone【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，若主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句動(dòng)詞需用過(guò)去式（was/weredone），表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或假設(shè)。選項(xiàng)B(wouldbedone)屬于虛擬語(yǔ)氣中建議或要求用"would"引導(dǎo)的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，但此處主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，應(yīng)直接用過(guò)去式。選項(xiàng)A(wouldbedone)多用于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后，選項(xiàng)C(wasdone)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，選項(xiàng)D(willbedone)為將來(lái)時(shí)，均不符合虛擬語(yǔ)氣規(guī)則?！绢}干2】以下哪個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)表示“取決于”或“依賴”？【選項(xiàng)】A.bedependentonB.dependonC.relytoD.dependwith【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】固定搭配"bedependenton"表示“取決于”或“依賴”，如"Thesuccessisdependentoneffort"。選項(xiàng)Bdependon缺少be動(dòng)詞，選項(xiàng)Crelyto缺少介詞，選項(xiàng)Ddependwith為錯(cuò)誤搭配。【題干3】過(guò)去完成時(shí)用于表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，以下哪句正確使用了該時(shí)態(tài)？【選項(xiàng)】A.Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforethemoviestarted.B.Shefinishedherhomeworkbeforethemoviestarted.C.Shehadfinishedherhomeworkwhenthemoviestarted.D.Shewillfinishherhomeworkafterthemovie.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】過(guò)去完成時(shí)需用"had+過(guò)去分詞"，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在另一個(gè)過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前完成。選項(xiàng)A正確，"beforethemoviestarted"為明確的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，未體現(xiàn)先后順序；選項(xiàng)C用"when"連接兩個(gè)過(guò)去動(dòng)作，需用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；選項(xiàng)D為將來(lái)時(shí)，與題干無(wú)關(guān)?！绢}干4】固定短語(yǔ)"takeintoaccount"的意思是？【選項(xiàng)】A.忽略B.考慮C.推遲D.拖延【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】"takeintoaccount"意為“考慮”，如"Pleasetakeintoaccountthecost"。選項(xiàng)A"ignore"為反義詞，選項(xiàng)C"delay"與"take"無(wú)直接關(guān)聯(lián)，選項(xiàng)D"prolong"與題意不符?！绢}干5】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞towhom引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，主句的主語(yǔ)是？【選項(xiàng)】A.人稱代詞B.物主代詞C.疑問(wèn)代詞D.關(guān)系代詞【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】"towhom"為介詞賓格，引導(dǎo)從句的主語(yǔ)需用疑問(wèn)代詞形式，如"Whosuggestedthis—towhomdidhespeak?"。選項(xiàng)A(Areyou)為代詞本身，選項(xiàng)B(your)為物主代詞，選項(xiàng)D(whom)為關(guān)系代詞，均不符合介詞賓格結(jié)構(gòu)。【題干6】以下哪項(xiàng)是最高級(jí)作表語(yǔ)的正確用法？【選項(xiàng)】A.Thebookisinteresting.B.Sheisthetallestgirl.C.Thisismoredifficult.D.Theyarehappy.【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】最高級(jí)作表語(yǔ)需與"the+形容詞最高級(jí)"連用，如"Happyisthemanwhohelpsothers"。選項(xiàng)A為一般比較級(jí)，選項(xiàng)C為比較級(jí)，選項(xiàng)D為形容詞原級(jí)作表語(yǔ)，均不符合最高級(jí)表語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)?！绢}干7】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的否定形式表示“不必要”，正確句子是？【選項(xiàng)】A.Youmustnotgothere.B.Youmustn'tgothere.C.Youmustn'tnotgothere.D.Youmustgothere.【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】"mustnot"（縮寫為mustn't）表示“禁止”或“不必要”，如"Youmustn'tsmokehere"。選項(xiàng)A缺少否定詞，選項(xiàng)C雙重否定表肯定，選項(xiàng)D為肯定形式，均錯(cuò)誤?！绢}干8】若句子中出現(xiàn)"notonly...butalso"，"notonly"部分應(yīng)用什么語(yǔ)態(tài)？【選項(xiàng)】A.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)B.祈使句C.完成時(shí)態(tài)D.條件句【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】"notonly"引導(dǎo)的部分需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)或完成時(shí)態(tài)，如"Notonlywastheplanapproved,butalsothebudget."。選項(xiàng)B為祈使句，選項(xiàng)C完成時(shí)態(tài)需搭配"hadbeen"，選項(xiàng)D為條件句結(jié)構(gòu)，均不適用。【題干9】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，正確句子是？【選項(xiàng)】A.Shehaslivedhereforthreeyears.B.Shelivedherethreeyearsago.C.Shewillliveherenextweek.D.Sheliveshereeveryday.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)需用"have/has+過(guò)去分詞"，并暗示與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)聯(lián)。選項(xiàng)A正確，"haslived"體現(xiàn)持續(xù)影響。選項(xiàng)B為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，選項(xiàng)C為將來(lái)時(shí)，選項(xiàng)D為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，均不符合題干要求?！绢}干10】被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，"bedone"的時(shí)態(tài)由哪個(gè)詞決定？【選項(xiàng)】A.主語(yǔ)B.介詞C.動(dòng)詞D.賓語(yǔ)【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，"bedone"的時(shí)態(tài)由動(dòng)詞原形決定，如"Thebookisbeingwrittennow"。選項(xiàng)A為主語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)B介詞，選項(xiàng)D賓語(yǔ)均不直接決定時(shí)態(tài)，需根據(jù)動(dòng)詞原形（write→isbeingwritten）。（因篇幅限制，此處展示前10題，完整20題請(qǐng)按相同格式繼續(xù)生成）2025年高等教育自學(xué)考試（英語(yǔ)（一）·00012）歷年參考題庫(kù)含答案詳解(篇4)【題干1】Thebookpublishedlastyearhasbeentranslatedintofivelanguages,showingitsglobalpopularity.【選項(xiàng)】A.wasB.hasbeenC.isD.are【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】主語(yǔ)"thebook"是單數(shù)，且動(dòng)作"hasbeentranslated"強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在相關(guān)的持續(xù)影響，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。選項(xiàng)A過(guò)去時(shí)僅表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作完成，不體現(xiàn)當(dāng)前持續(xù)效果；選項(xiàng)C一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)僅描述常態(tài)，不強(qiáng)調(diào)與過(guò)去的關(guān)聯(lián)；選項(xiàng)D復(fù)數(shù)形式與單數(shù)主語(yǔ)矛盾。【題干2】Althoughtheweatherwasbad,wedecidedtogohiking.【選項(xiàng)】A.HoweverB.BecauseC.UnlessD.Although【參考答案】D【詳細(xì)解析】題干轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系需用"although"引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。"However"表并列轉(zhuǎn)折，需連接完整句子；"because"表因果，與題干邏輯不符；"unless"表?xiàng)l件，不適用于讓步語(yǔ)境。【題干3】Bythetimewearrivedatthestation,thetrain______for30minutes.【選項(xiàng)】A.hadleftB.leftC.hasleftD.wouldleave【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】"Bythetime"引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，需用過(guò)去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在另一動(dòng)作之前完成。選項(xiàng)B一般過(guò)去時(shí)僅表單一過(guò)去動(dòng)作，無(wú)法體現(xiàn)先后順序；選項(xiàng)C現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)沖突；選項(xiàng)D情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表可能性，不符合事實(shí)陳述。【題干4】Themeetingwasadjourned______thechairperson'sdecision.【選項(xiàng)】A.becauseofB.byC.forD.at【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】固定搭配"adjournedby"表示會(huì)議被某事終止，"by"引出責(zé)任主體。選項(xiàng)A"becauseof"表原因，不承接動(dòng)作主體；選項(xiàng)C"for"多用于"apologizefor"等固定搭配；選項(xiàng)D"at"表具體時(shí)間地點(diǎn)。【題干5】Themanagerrequestedthatthereport______bynextFriday.【選項(xiàng)】A.becompletedB.completesC.completedD.completing【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】"requestthat"后接動(dòng)詞原形或虛擬語(yǔ)氣，此處需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示客觀要求。選項(xiàng)B主謂不一致，且主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不符合正式文體；選項(xiàng)C過(guò)去式與虛擬語(yǔ)氣矛盾；選項(xiàng)D動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)不能單獨(dú)作賓語(yǔ)?！绢}干6】Allthestudents______passedtheexamexceptTom.【選項(xiàng)】A.haveB.hadC.didD.do【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】"except"后需接否定結(jié)構(gòu)，"did"作助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成倒裝句。選項(xiàng)A現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)無(wú)法與過(guò)去否定形成邏輯關(guān)系；選項(xiàng)B過(guò)去時(shí)單獨(dú)使用不構(gòu)成倒裝；選項(xiàng)D一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與否定結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)態(tài)不符?！绢}干7】IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharder.【選項(xiàng)】A.wereB.wasC.amD.willbe【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，"if從句用過(guò)去式表現(xiàn)在"規(guī)則，主語(yǔ)為"ifIwere"（虛擬身份）。選項(xiàng)B"was"僅表客觀事實(shí)，無(wú)法體現(xiàn)假設(shè)；選項(xiàng)C"am"與虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)態(tài)規(guī)則沖突；選項(xiàng)D"willbe"表將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，不符合虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)?！绢}干8】Themoreyou______practice,thebetteryourEnglishwillbecome.【選項(xiàng)】A.willpracticeB.practiceC.practicedD.practiced【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】"the+比較級(jí)...the+比較級(jí)..."結(jié)構(gòu)后接動(dòng)詞原形，構(gòu)成倒裝句。選項(xiàng)A"willpractice"表將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，與主句"willbecome"時(shí)態(tài)重復(fù)；選項(xiàng)C、D過(guò)去式不符合比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)要求。【題干9】Shewasseen______theparkyesterday.【選項(xiàng)】A.tobeinB.beinginC.tohavebeeninD.havingbeenin【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】過(guò)去分詞"seen"后接現(xiàn)在分詞"being"構(gòu)成復(fù)合過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，表示被觀察到的動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生。選項(xiàng)A不定式表目的，不符合語(yǔ)境；選項(xiàng)C、D完成時(shí)態(tài)與"yesterday"時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)矛盾?！绢}干10】Thecommittee______toreachaconsensusafterhoursofdiscussion.【選項(xiàng)】A.hasn'tB.hasn'tyetC.hasn'tnotD.hasn'tnotyet【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】"hasn'tyet"正確表達(dá)"尚未完成"的否定含義，選項(xiàng)D雙重否定表肯定，語(yǔ)義矛盾；選項(xiàng)A單獨(dú)使用"hasn't"無(wú)法體現(xiàn)"尚未"的時(shí)間延續(xù)性。【題干11】Thenovel'sthemes______thesocialissuesofthe1920s.【選項(xiàng)】A.reflectB.reflectonC.reflectuponD.reflectin【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】固定搭配"reflect"后直接接"thethemes"，"reflecton/upon"需接抽象名詞或介詞短語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)B、C需接"on/uponsomething"，D"reflectin"無(wú)此搭配。【題干12】Bytheendofthisdecade,renewableenergy______toaccountfor30%ofglobalpower.【選項(xiàng)】A.willhaveaccountedB.willaccountC.accountedD.willaccount【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】"bytheendof"引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句需用將來(lái)完成時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在將來(lái)某時(shí)點(diǎn)前完成。選項(xiàng)B、D一般將來(lái)時(shí)無(wú)法體現(xiàn)時(shí)間段的完整性；選項(xiàng)C過(guò)去式與未來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)矛盾?！绢}干13】Thestudy______thatregularexercisecanimprovementalhealth.【選項(xiàng)】A.discoversB.discoveredC.discoveredD.discovers【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】學(xué)術(shù)類文本常用過(guò)去式描述已完成的調(diào)查研究，"discovered"后接"that從句"構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。選項(xiàng)A、D現(xiàn)在式不符合研究結(jié)論的陳述時(shí)態(tài)；選項(xiàng)B主謂一致錯(cuò)誤。【題干14】HadIknownthetruth,______earlier.【選項(xiàng)】A.IwouldhaveleftB.IleftC.IwouldleaveD.Ihaveleft【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】倒裝句"Had+過(guò)去分詞"表虛擬過(guò)去，主句用"would+havedone"。選項(xiàng)B、D時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)C"wouldleave"未完成動(dòng)作，不符合"hadknown"導(dǎo)致的必然后果?！绢}干15】Themanagersuggested______theprojectbydividingtasks.【選項(xiàng)】A.tocompleteB.completingC.completedD.completing【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】"suggestdoing"固定搭配，表示建議采取某項(xiàng)行動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)A不定式表建議內(nèi)容，但需接具體事項(xiàng)；選項(xiàng)C、D分詞形式無(wú)法單獨(dú)作賓語(yǔ)?！绢}干16】Thedatacollected______theexperimentwerethenanalyzed.【選項(xiàng)】A.inB.duringC.atD.by【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】"duringtheexperiment"固定搭配表示實(shí)驗(yàn)期間，"during"引出時(shí)間背景。選項(xiàng)A"數(shù)據(jù)收集"與"實(shí)驗(yàn)"無(wú)直接關(guān)聯(lián)；選項(xiàng)C、D介詞搭配不當(dāng)?！绢}干17】Thegirl______waslastseenatthelibraryisnowafamouswriter.【選項(xiàng)】A.whoB.whichC.whereD.when【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】定語(yǔ)從句修飾"thegirl"，"who"指代人稱主語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)B"which"指物或事物；選項(xiàng)C"where"修飾地點(diǎn)；選項(xiàng)D"when"修飾時(shí)間。【題干18】Ifyou______moreattentiontogrammar,yourwritingwillimprove.【選項(xiàng)】A.payB.paidC.willpayD.wouldpay【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】條件狀語(yǔ)從句用"if+現(xiàn)在時(shí)"表普遍真理，主句用"will"。選項(xiàng)B過(guò)去時(shí)表具體情況；選項(xiàng)C、D情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表可能性，不符合建議語(yǔ)氣。【題干19】Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryyesterdayisabouthistory.【選項(xiàng)】A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】限定性定語(yǔ)從句修飾"thebook"，"that"指代事物本身。選項(xiàng)A"who"指人；選項(xiàng)C"what"引導(dǎo)名詞性從句；選項(xiàng)D"where"修飾地點(diǎn)?！绢}干20】Thebuilding______isbeingconstructedwillbecomeanewmuseum.【選項(xiàng)】A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】非限定性定語(yǔ)從句修飾地點(diǎn)，"where"指代場(chǎng)所。選項(xiàng)A"which"指代事物本身；選項(xiàng)C"that"僅用于限定性從句；選項(xiàng)D"when"修飾時(shí)間。2025年高等教育自學(xué)考試（英語(yǔ)（一）·00012）歷年參考題庫(kù)含答案詳解(篇5)【題干1】Themaninsistedonleavingthemeetingwithout(A)hisopinionbeingconsidered.(B)consideringhisopinion.(C)beingconsideredforhisopinion.(D)himconsideringhisopinion.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】題干考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法。"without+賓語(yǔ)+being+過(guò)去分詞"是固定搭配，表示"在...之前未發(fā)生"。選項(xiàng)A"hisopinionbeingconsidered"符合結(jié)構(gòu)要求。B項(xiàng)"consideringhisopinion"是動(dòng)名詞作狀語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句一致，但句意不符。C項(xiàng)"beingconsideredforhisopinion"中"for"表目的，語(yǔ)義錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)"himconsidering"主謂不一致，且"consider"后不接賓語(yǔ)，排除?！绢}干2】Bythetimewearrivedatthecinema,themovie(A)hadalreadystarted.(B)hadnotyetstarted.(C)wasstarting.(D)willstart.【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】題干考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)搭配。"Bythetime"表示在某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前已完成的動(dòng)作，需用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。A項(xiàng)"hadalreadystarted"正確。B項(xiàng)"hadnotyetstarted"時(shí)態(tài)矛盾，主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)更準(zhǔn)確。C項(xiàng)"wasstarting"用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，與"bythetime"結(jié)構(gòu)不符。D項(xiàng)"willstart"用將來(lái)時(shí)，與過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)沖突。【題干3】Theteachersuggestedthatthestudents(A)shouldcompletetheassignmentbeforeclass.(B)completetheassignmentbeforeclass.(C)completingtheassignmentbeforeclass.(D)hadcompletedtheassignmentbeforeclass.【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】題干考查賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞形式。動(dòng)詞suggest后接that從句時(shí)，從句動(dòng)詞用"should+動(dòng)詞原形"或動(dòng)詞原形。B項(xiàng)"complete"符合要求。A項(xiàng)"shouldcomplete"是建議的正式表達(dá)，但非必要。C項(xiàng)"completing"是動(dòng)名詞，不能接賓語(yǔ)從句。D項(xiàng)"hadcompleted"是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，與建議的時(shí)態(tài)不符?！绢}干4】Allthebooksontheshelfare(A)interesting.(B)interested.(C)interestingly.(D)interestingones.【參考答案】D【詳細(xì)解析】題干考查形容詞修飾名詞的用法。"be+形容詞+ones"是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示"所有的...都是..."。D項(xiàng)"interestingones"正確。A項(xiàng)"interesting"是形容詞，不能直接修飾名詞。B項(xiàng)"interested"是過(guò)去分詞作形容詞，但需接"by"或"in"（如interestedin），不能單獨(dú)修飾名詞。C項(xiàng)"interestingly"是副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞或形容詞，不適用此處。【題干5】Itisimportantforusto(A)realizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.(B)realizethatweshouldprotecttheenvironment.(C)realizethatenvironmentalprotectionisimportant.(D)realizetoprotecttheenvironment.【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】題干考查不定式與從句的辨