高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省金華市2024-2025學年高二下學期6月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whoisthewomantalkingto?A.Awaiter. B.Acustomer. C.Acleaner.【答案】A【原文】W:Woulditbepossibleformetomovetothattableintheshade?M:I’mafraidithasbeenreserved,madam.ButI’llseewhatIcando.2.Whatisthewoman’sfavoriteTVshow?A.Minecraft. B.TheWalkingDead. C.GameofThrones.【答案】B【原文】M:Whatisthat?W:It’sthenewMinecraftvideogame.IgettobeacharacterinoneofmyfavoriteTVshows,TheWalkingDead.M:TheWalkingDead?Comeon.GameofThronesisthebestshow!3.Whatdoesthemanneed?A.Somethingtoeatanddrink.B.Somewheretokeephisbird.C.Someonetotakecareofhispet.【答案】C【原文】M:Canyouhelpmewatchmybirdthisweekend?Hedoesn’tneedalot.Youjusthavetocomeovertomyhouseandrefillhisfoodandwaterdaily.W:Idon’tlikebirds.Theyscareme.Whydon’tyoucallyoursisterinstead?4.Whyisthemansellinghiscar?A.Heplanstogetanewcar.B.Hejustboughtanexpensivehouse.C.Hewantstoavoidhighparkingfees.【答案】C【原文】W:Ican’tbelieveyou’resellingyourcar,Brian.It’sonlytwoyearsold!M:Iknow.ButI’mmovingtoNewYork.Itisveryexpensivetoparkavehiclethere,soI’mgettingridofit.Icantakethesubwaytowork.5.Whathappenedtothewoman’sson?A.Hefailedanimportantexam.B.Hedidn’tgetthejobhewanted.C.Hewasjustfiredbyhiscompany.【答案】B【原文】M:Hi,Mrs.Brown.Whydoyoulooksoupset?W:MysonwasnotofferedajobbytheNicholsonGroupafterhisinterview.Heisverydepressedbecausehelikesthatcompanyverymuch.M:Onemustbewellpreparedbeforeonedoessomething.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Hisbiologyproject. B.Hishistorygrade. C.Hisphysicsexam.7.Howdoesthewomanfeeltowardtheman?A.Disappointed. B.Confident. C.Anxious.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】M:Hi,Maria.Whathaveyoubeendoingrecently?W:I’vebeenbusywithmybiologyproject.Whataboutyou?M:I’mokay,butI’mkindofstressedtoday.W:Oh,dear.Whyisthat?M:Well,Ihavetwobigexamstomorrow—historyandphysics.HistoryisOK.Butthephysicsexamisworth30%ofmygrade,soI’mquitenervousaboutit.W:You’realwayswellpreparedforexams.Justrelax!You’lldofine!M:Oh,thankyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inaclothesshop. B.Atthelaundry. C.Atthetailor’s.9.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday. B.Wednesday. C.Thursday.10.Howmuchdoesthemanneedtopay?A.20pounds. B.25pounds. C.30pounds.【答案】8.B9.A10.B【原文】W:Welcometomyshop.WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?M:I’dliketohavetheseclotheswashed—threeshirtsandacoat.Thecoatisabitfaded.Pleasebecarefulwhenyouwashit.W:OK,sir.Youcanpickeverythingupinthreedays,onThursdaymorning.IsthatOK?M:CanIgetthemonWednesdaymorninginstead?Iwillattendapartythatevening.W:Noproblem.Ourhoursarefrom8:30a.m.to6:30p.m.onweekdays,andfrom9:30a.m.to6:30p.m.onweekends.Pleasegivemeacallbeforeyouplanoncoming.Mytelephonenumberis86-638-5022.M:Thanksalot.HowmuchshouldIpayforeverything?W:5poundsforeachshirt,and10poundsforthecoat.M:Hereis30pounds.W:Thankyou.Hereisyourchange.Haveagoodday!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthelockers?A.Theyshouldbeemptiedregularly.B.Theyshouldbeusedaspersonalcupboards.C.Therearesomequalityproblemswiththem.12.What’swrongwiththeclotheshangers?A.Theyalwaysgetstolen.B.Theygetchangedtoooften.C.Theyarenotstrongenough.13.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetotheman’ssuggestions?A.Impatient. B.Agreeable. C.Doubtful.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【原文】W:Goodmorning,Mr.Jackson.You’realwaysthefirstguestinourfitnesscenter.Howareyou?M:Notbad,Cathy.Look,I’mnottryingtocomplain,butI’vefoundsomeproblemsinthelockerroom.Iwonderifyoucouldhelpme.W:I’llseewhatIcandoforyou.What’stheproblem?Inoticedyouwentinonly5minutesago.M:Yes,but...Youknow,somelockersarealwaysoccupiedbutnotoftenused.Obviously,somepeopleusethemastheirownstoragecupboards.Ithinkyouneedtoremindthemtoremovetheirthingsandemptythoselockers.W:OK.WaitaminutesoIcantakethatdown…Isthatall?M:Thenextproblemisthattheclotheshangersaresortofweakandtoothinforwinterclothes.Ithinkyouneedtochangethemduringdifferentseasons.W:Thankyou,Mr.Jackson.We’llmaketheseimprovementsassoonaspossible.Thankyouforyoursuggestions.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatdoestheyoungmanlike?A.Volunteeringatafoodstore.B.Travelingwithhisfamily.C.Playingbasketball.15.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknowabouttheyoungman?A.Whyhisgradesaredeclining.B.Whathisfavoritesubjectsare.C.Howhisathleticperformanceis.16.Whathastheyoungmanbeendoing?A.Preparingforatest.B.Applyingforascholarship.C.Practisingforabasketballgame.【答案】14.C15.A16.A【原文】W:WelcometoPacificUniversity.I’vebeenoverwithyourapplication,butI’dliketohearmoreaboutyou.M:Sure.I’maseniorinhighschool,andIlovebasketball.Infact,I’mhopingtogetabasketballscholarshiptocomehere.WhenI’mnotplaying,Ivolunteeratmylocalfoodbank,takecareofmyyoungerbrothersandsisters,anddohomework.W:Wonderful!Ihavetotellyouthatweareveryimpressedbyyourbasketballscores.Ifyougetinhere,I’msurewecanworkoutascholarship.M:That’sgreat!W:Now,yourgradesaren’tashighthisyearastheywerelastyear,especiallyinmathandEnglish.Whyisthat?M:Well,I’vebeenfocusingalotmoreonballthanonschool,butIknowIcandobetter.IpromiseyouthatifIcomehere,Iwilltakeschoolworkveryseriously.W:TheSATsarecomingup.Haveyoubeenstudying?M:Yes.Igotoastudygrouptwiceaweek,andI’vebeendoingpracticetestsontheweekendswithmyfriends.W:That’sgood.Well,wereallywantyouhere;youjustneedtobringyourgradesup!聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whichseasonisitnow?A.Spring. B.Fall. C.Winter.18.WhatistheweatherlikenowinnorthernOregon?A.Cold. B.Warm. C.Cloudy.19.WhenwillitraininsouthernOregon?A.Tonight. B.Thisafternoon. C.Tomorrowmorning.20.Howcanpeoplegetmoreinformationabouttheweather?A.Bycallingthestation.B.Bysendingatextmessage.C.Bycheckingthestation’swebsite.【答案】17.A18.A19.C20.B【原文】Goodafternoon,citizensofthestateofOregon.Welcometotheweatherforecastfortoday,Friday,the28thofMarch.Let’salltakealookattheweatheroutsidenow.What’sitlike?Well,nowit’swarmandwindyinsouthernOregon,whilenorthernOregoniscoldandclear.Thesunisshining,butit’srathercolduphereinthenorth!ThetemperaturenowiseightdegreesinsouthernOregonbutonlyonedegreeuphere.Andyou’dbettergetyourglovesandjacketsout.It’sgoingtobeevencoldertonight!Shallweseewhattheweatherwillbeliketomorrow?Well,itwillberainyinthemorninginsouthernOregonandwindyinnorthernOregon.Intheafternoon,thesouthwillseecloudyweatherwithsomerainlaterintheday.NorthernOregonwillalsoseesomerain,butit’llbecoldenoughtoturnintosnow,withwindscominginfromthenortheast.That’stheweatherforecastfornow.Haveagoodday!Andremember,forthelatestweatherinyourarea,youcanaddustoyourTwitterorsendatextmessagetous.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AOverthecenturies,therichheritageofvariousculturesthatwerenotdocumentedinwritinghasbeenkeptalivethroughthemediumofmusicandstorytelling.FromthetraditionalBretonballadsofthe19thcenturytothemodernUKrap,thisformofculturalexpressionhasplayedacrucialrole.Weinviteyoutojoinusforaneveningfilledwithinsightfuldiscussionsanddynamicperformances.Date:22July,2025,18:30—20:00Place:TheBritishAcademySpeakers:·ProfessorDavidHopkinProfessorDavidHopkinisaProfessorofHistoryattheUniversityofOxford,specialisinginoralandculturalhistory.Hisresearchexplorestheexperiencesofordinarypeoplethroughsongs,storiesandotherformsofpopularculturalexpression.Hehaspublishedalotontheintersectionoffolklore(民歌)andoralhistory,includinghisaward-winningbook,VoicesofthePeopleinNineteenth-CenturyFrance.·DrFrancesWilkinsDrFrancesWilkinsisaSeniorlecturerinEthnomusicologyattheElphinstoneInstitute,UniversityofAberdeen,specialisinginScottishandNorthernCanadiansingingandinstrumentaltraditions.HerBritish-AcademyfundedresearchexploresthesingingtraditionsofHebrideancommunities.Sheisalsoaprofessionalmusician,performingScottishtraditionalmusiconanEnglishconcertina(六角手風琴).·AniefokExpoonAniefokExpoonisawriterandstorytellerfromSouthLondonwhoseworkdocumentscommunityandcultureincontemporaryBritain.Hisworkcombinessocial,culturalandnarrativehistorytoexplorethecurrent,livedrealitiesofpeopleacrosstheUK.HisbookWhereWeComeFrom,Rap,HomeandHopeinModernBritainisasocialhistoryofBritishrapandwasreleasedinJanuary2024.21.WhatdoProfessorDavidHopkinandDrFrancesWilkinshaveincommon?A.Botharegoodatplayingmusic.B.BothfocusontheEnglishhistory.C.Bothstudypeople’ssingingtraditions.D.BotharefundedbytheBritishAcademy.22.WhatcantheaudiencemostprobablylearnfromAniefokExpoon’sspeech?A.Scottishstorytellingtraditions.B.FolkmusicofNorthAmerica.C.ThesocialhistoryofBritishrap.D.FolktraditionsofWesternFrance.23.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Amusictextbook.B.Anacademicresearchreport.C.Ahistorymagazine.D.Aneventpromotionalbrochure.【答案】21.C22.C23.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了一場關于通過音樂和故事傳承文化的活動，包括活動時間、地點、演講嘉賓等信息?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)·ProfessorDavidHopkin部分中“ProfessorDavidHopkinisaProfessorofHistoryattheUniversityofOxford,specialisinginoralandculturalhistory.Hisresearchexplorestheexperiencesofordinarypeoplethroughsongs,storiesandotherformsofpopularculturalexpression.(DavidHopkin教授是牛津大學的歷史學教授，專門研究口述和文化歷史。他的研究通過歌曲、故事和其他流行文化表達形式探索普通人的經(jīng)歷)”和·DrFrancesWilkins部分中“DrFrancesWilkinsisaSeniorlecturerinEthnomusicologyattheElphinstoneInstitute,UniversityofAberdeen,specialisinginScottishandNorthernCanadiansingingandinstrumentaltraditions.(FrancesWilkins博士是阿伯丁大學埃爾芬斯通學院民族音樂學的高級講師，專門研究蘇格蘭和加拿大北部的歌唱和器樂傳統(tǒng))”可知，兩人都研究人們的歌唱傳統(tǒng)。故選C項?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)·AniefokExpoon部分中“HisbookWhereWeComeFrom,Rap,HomeandHopeinModernBritainisasocialhistoryofBritishrapandwasreleasedinJanuary2024.(他的《我們從何而來：現(xiàn)代英國的說唱、家園與希望》是一部英國說唱樂的社會史，于2024年1月出版)”可知，觀眾很可能從AniefokExpoon的演講中學到英國說唱樂的社會史。故選C項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Weinviteyoutojoinusforaneveningfilledwithinsightfuldiscussionsanddynamicperformances.(我們邀請您加入我們，共度一個充滿深刻討論和精彩表演的夜晚)”和下文對活動時間“Date:22July,2025,18:30—20:00(時間：2025年7月22日，18:30—20:00)”、“Place:TheBritishAcademy(地點：英國科學院)”和演講嘉賓等信息的詳細介紹可知，這些內(nèi)容都是在對活動進行宣傳推廣。所以這篇文章最有可能來自活動宣傳手冊。故選D項。BInApril,whenmuchoftheU.S.iscoveredinbrightdaffodilsandpinkbuds,myNorthernColoradogardenisfilledwithdryflowerstalks(莖稈)。Iliveinatownwherethecoldlastslonger,andthebrownstalksinmygardenleavemefeelingoutofstep.Butmanylandscapedesignexpertssuggestmaintainingstandsofdriedflowersandgrassestogivetheeyeconsistentpleasurethroughthewinter.Inmyyard,Ileftthesunflowers,rudbeckiastalksandside-oatsgrama.Afterthekillingfrostsandsnowincoldmonths,these“winterinterest”standsoffervariationsofheight,colorandtexture(質(zhì)感)againsttheseason’slevelinggray-white.InFebruaryandMarch,Iwasgratefultohavesomethingtolookatbesidesthepilesofsnow.TheseplantsI’veletstand,though,domorethanpleasemyeyes.Thetwo-to-eight-footstalkshaveformedsomethinglikeafishingnet,catchingfallenleavesandpullingthemclosetothesoil.Matsofleavesnowblankettheground,providingahabitatforpollinators(傳粉昆蟲)alongwiththeireggsandlarvae(幼蟲).Thisalsoregulatesthesoil’stemperature,especiallywithsnowontheground.Withthisprotection,plantsaren’ttrickedbyearlysunlightintosprouting(發(fā)芽)toosoonandbeingburiedbysnow.ThepoetAdrienneRichoncewrote,“Allnewlearninglooksatfirstlikechaos.”Hereinthegarden,I’velearnedthatchaosprovidesmorepossibilitiesforgrowth.Ilovewatchingtheearlybirdsmovethroughthebrownstalksinoursideyard,selectinglongonesfortheirnests.Thegardenhastaughtmetoembracechaos,lookbeyonditandfindhope.Soonenough,itwillbecomewarm.ThenI’llwalkthroughthegardenandtearoutlastyear’sgrowthtomakeroomforthekindofsplendorexpectedinaflowergarden.Butfornow,I’llwatchthebirdsgathernestingmaterialfromthestill-standinggrassesandtakecomfortinknowingthatthedyingplantmaterialI’veleftbehindprotectsthebeesandbutterfliesthatwillsoonhelpbringbeautyintothisworld.24.Whatdidtheauthordowiththedriedstalksinhergarden?A.Leavethemastheywere.B.Tendthemwithgreatcare.C.Removethemoutofthegarden.D.Replacethemwithseasonalflowers.25.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“l(fā)eveling”inparagraph2?A.Uneven. B.Mismatched.C.Calming. D.Dull.26.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Thevisualappealofdriedstalks.B.Thepleasureofobservingwildlife.C.Theecologicalbenefitsofdriedstalks.D.Thepollinators’adaptationtocoldness.27.Whathastheauthorlearnedfromthegarden?A.Thehiddenvalueofchaos.B.Howtofindhopeinnature.C.Thebeautyofbiodiversity.D.Howtoliveasustainablelife.【答案】24.A25.D26.C27.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在冬季保留花園枯莖的觀察與感悟，以及從中獲得的生命啟示與自然聯(lián)結(jié)。【24題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Butmanylandscapedesignexpertssuggestmaintainingstandsofdriedflowersandgrassestogivetheeyeconsistentpleasurethroughthewinter.Inmyyard,Ileftthesunflowers,rudbeckiastalksandside-oatsgrama.(但許多景觀設計專家建議保留干花和干草，讓眼睛在整個冬天都能得到持續(xù)的愉悅。在我的院子里，我保留了向日葵、黑心菊的莖稈和細莖針茅)”可知，作者保留了花園里的干花莖稈。故選A?！?5題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Afterthekillingfrostsandsnowincoldmonths,these“winterinterest”standsoffervariationsofheight,colorandtexture(質(zhì)感)againsttheseason’slevelinggray-white.(在寒冷的月份里，在霜凍和大雪之后，這些“冬季趣味”植物在季節(jié)leveling灰白色背景下呈現(xiàn)出高度、顏色和質(zhì)地的變化)”可知，干枯植物的多樣形態(tài)與冬季單調(diào)的灰白色形成對比，所以leveling意思是“單調(diào)的”，與“Dull.(單調(diào)的，枯燥的)”意思最接近。故選D?！?6題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“TheseplantsI’veletstand,though,domorethanpleasemyeyes.Thetwo-to-eight-footstalkshaveformedsomethinglikeafishingnet,catchingfallenleavesandpullingthemclosetothesoil.Matsofleavesnowblankettheground,providingahabitatforpollinators(傳粉昆蟲)alongwiththeireggsandlarvae(幼蟲).Thisalsoregulatesthesoil’stemperature,especiallywithsnowontheground.Withthisprotection,plantsaren’ttrickedbyearlysunlightintosprouting(發(fā)芽)toosoonandbeingburiedbysnow.(然而，我讓這些植物站立起來，不僅僅是為了取悅我的眼睛。這些兩到八英尺高的莖稈形成了一個類似漁網(wǎng)的東西，捕捉落葉并將它們拉到土壤附近?，F(xiàn)在，落葉覆蓋了地面，為傳粉昆蟲及其卵和幼蟲提供了棲息地。這也調(diào)節(jié)了土壤的溫度，尤其是在地面上有雪的情況下。有了這種保護，植物不會被早春的陽光欺騙而過早發(fā)芽，也不會被雪掩埋)”可知，第三段主要講述干枯莖稈像漁網(wǎng)一樣收集落葉，為傳粉昆蟲及其卵和幼蟲提供棲息地，調(diào)節(jié)土壤溫度，保護植物等，這些都是其生態(tài)效益。故選C。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ThepoetAdrienneRichoncewrote,“Allnewlearninglooksatfirstlikechaos.”Hereinthegarden,I’velearnedthatchaosprovidesmorepossibilitiesforgrowth.Ilovewatchingtheearlybirdsmovethroughthebrownstalksinoursideyard,selectinglongonesfortheirnests.Thegardenhastaughtmetoembracechaos,lookbeyonditandfindhope.(詩人艾德里安娜·里奇曾經(jīng)寫道:“所有新的學習一開始看起來都像混亂?！痹诨▓@里，我明白了混亂為成長提供了更多的可能性。我喜歡看早起的鳥兒在院子邊的棕色莖稈間穿梭，挑選長的做窩?；▓@教會了我擁抱混亂，超越它，尋找希望)”可推知，作者從花園中學到了混亂的隱藏價值。故選A。CAsingle-minded,tirelessdrive—that’swhatittakestobesuccessful.Be“allin”.Burntheboatsbehindus.Thatmessageisrootedinoursociety,fromself-helpbookstosocialmediainfluencersalltellingusthatweneedtocommitmore.Theworldcontinuallysendsthesignaltonarrowlydefineyourgoals.Inmysenioryear,Ibecamethefastesthigh-schoolmilerinthecountrywhenIrana4:01mile.Whenmyprogressasarunnerreachedabottleneck,mysportspsychologisttoldmeastoryaboutaworld-classrunnerwhohadbecomestuckwhilestrugglingtomakethetransitionfromsuccessincollegetoOlympic-levelperformance.“Whathelpedherbreakthrough?”Iasked.“Knitting(編織).”hereplied.Shehadtakenupknittingtorelaxandtotakehermindoffrunning.Iwastooyoungandstubborntofollowtheadvice.Idoubleddown—butneverranfasterthanmyhigh-schoolrecordorbrokea4-minutemile.Intheyearssince,workingasacoachwithtop-classperformers,Ikeptnoticingthattheirsingle-mindedfocuswasgettingintheirway.Theirfocusonachievingspecificgoalshadbecomeaconstant,disablingsignalthattheywerenotmeasuringup.Thissingle-mindedapproachwasbackfiring.Researchbacksthisup.ResearchersatMichiganStateUniversitylookedatover100yearsofNobelPrize-winningscientistsandfoundtheyweremorelikelythantheirless-accomplishedpeerstohavecreativeinterestsoutsideoftheirresearch.Theprize-winnerswere22timesmorelikelytoperform,singoractasahobby;12timesmorelikelytopursuecreativewriting;andabout7timesmorelikelytoparticipateinacraftlikesculpting.Tobesure:Themorewecare,andthemoreourjoborpursuitfeelslikeapartofwhoweare,theharderwe’llwork.That’shelpfultoacertainpoint.Butsuchnarrowingcomeswithadownside.Aswegetridofotherpartsofourselves,andthatoneactivitybecomesaneverbiggerpresence,fearstartstotakeover.Wedon’tjustwanttosucceed.Wehaveto.Whenoutcomesareallthatmatter,ourimmediateresponseisn’ttobecomeafighter.It’storetreat(退縮).So,thesecretistogoinadifferentdirection.Whentheworldscreamstogonarrow,top-classperformerslearntogobroad.28.Howdidtheauthorrespondafterhearingthestoryoftheworld-classrunner?A.Hepushedhimselfharder.B.Headjustedhistrainingmethods.C.Hetooksometimeofffromrunning.D.Headoptedknittingasastress-reliever.29.WhatdoweknowaboutNobelPrize-winningscientistsintheresearch?A.Theyspentmoretimeonresearchthanothers.B.Theyavoidedentertainmentstomaintainfocus.C.Theirdiversehobbiescontributedtotheirachievements.D.Theirresearchcoversawiderrangeoffieldsthantheirpeers.30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthesingle-mindedapproach?A.Favorable. B.Disapproving.C.Tolerant. D.Unclear.31.Whichofthefollowingmightbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Why“Allin”IsNoRecipeforSuccessB.BreakingThroughFearinCompetitiveFieldsC.WhyHobbiesOutweighProfessionalTrainingD.NarrowingDownYourFocustoAchieveMore【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要通過作者個人經(jīng)歷與科學研究，探討了單一專注的成功路徑局限性，主張拓寬視野、發(fā)展多元興趣以促進真正突破與成長。【28題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Iwastooyoungandstubborntofollowtheadvice.Idoubleddown—butneverranfasterthanmyhigh-schoolrecordorbrokea4-minutemile.(那時我太年輕、太固執(zhí)，沒有聽從這個建議。我加倍努力，但再也沒能跑出超過高中時的成績，也沒能突破4分鐘一英里的記錄)”可知，作者在聽到那位世界級跑者的故事后，選擇了更加努力地訓練。故選A?！?9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Researchbacksthisup.ResearchersatMichiganStateUniversitylookedatover100yearsofNobelPrize-winningscientistsandfoundtheyweremorelikelythantheirless-accomplishedpeerstohavecreativeinterestsoutsideoftheirresearch.Theprize-winnerswere22timesmorelikelytoperform,singoractasahobby;12timesmorelikelytopursuecreativewriting;andabout7timesmorelikelytoparticipateinacraftlikesculpting.(密歇根州立大學的研究人員研究了100多年來諾貝爾獎得主科學家，發(fā)現(xiàn)他們比成就不那么高的同行更有可能在研究之外擁有創(chuàng)造性的興趣。獲獎者將表演、唱歌或表演作為愛好的可能性是其他人的22倍；從事創(chuàng)意寫作的可能性是其他人的12倍；參與雕塑等手工藝的可能性是其他人的7倍左右。)”可知，諾貝爾獎得主科學家往往擁有多樣的興趣愛好，這些愛好有助于他們的成就。故選C。【30題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Intheyearssince,workingasacoachwithtop-classperformers,Ikeptnoticingthattheirsingle-mindedfocuswasgettingintheirway.Theirfocusonachievingspecificgoalshadbecomeaconstant,disablingsignalthattheywerenotmeasuringup.Thissingle-mindedapproachwasbackfiring.(在隨后的幾年里，作為一名與頂級運動員合作的教練，我不斷注意到，他們一心一意的專注阻礙了他們的發(fā)展。他們對實現(xiàn)特定目標的關注已經(jīng)成為一個持續(xù)的、使他們無法達到標準的信號。這種一心一意的方法適得其反。)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Butsuchnarrowingcomeswithadownside.(但這種狹窄的專注是有弊端的。)”可推知，作者對“一心一意”的方法持不贊成的態(tài)度。故選B?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Asingle-minded,tirelessdrive—that’swhatittakestobesuccessful.Be“allin”.Burntheboatsbehindus.(一心一意、不知疲倦的干勁——這是成功所需的品質(zhì)。要“全身心投入”。破釜沉舟（不留后路）。)”及最后一段“Whenoutcomesareallthatmatter,ourimmediateresponseisn’ttobecomeafighter.It’storetreat(退縮).So,thesecretistogoinadifferentdirection.Whentheworldscreamstogonarrow,top-classperformerslearntogobroad.(當結(jié)果就是一切時，我們的第一反應不是成為斗士。而是退縮。所以，秘訣是朝不同的方向前進。當世界尖叫著要縮小范圍時，頂級表演者學會了擴大范圍。)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章開頭提出社會普遍推崇“一心一意”的成功理念，但作者通過自身經(jīng)歷、頂尖運動員的例子以及科學研究表明，過度專注反而可能阻礙成功，而多樣化的興趣和更廣泛的關注點更有利于突破瓶頸。因此，A選項“Why“Allin”IsNoRecipeforSuccess(為什么“全身心投入”不是成功的秘訣)”最適合作為標題。故選A。DPicturearobot.Whatdoyousee?Ametalmachinebuilttolastforever?Unfortunately,thisveryqualitynowthreatenstodrowntheplanetinextremelydurable(持久的)e-waste.Whatif,instead,thosemachinesweredesignedtobreakdownanddisappear—likelifedoes?Inanewstudy,researcherscraftedaroboticarm,andacontrollertooperateit,fromporkgelatin(明膠)andplantcellulose(纖維素)—materialsstrongenoughtofunctionyetdelicateenoughtodegrade(降解)inthesoil.Aftertesting,bothstructuresbrokedowninsoilwithinweeks.Biodegradableroboticsoftenfallsundertheumbrellaofsoftrobotics.Thefieldoriginatedfrommaterialsscienceandchemistryratherthanconventionalrobotsthatcomefrommechanicalengineering.Butalotofearlysoftrobotsstillreliedonchemicalmaterialsthatcontinuetoexistaspollution.PingdongWei,amaterialsscientistatWestlakeUniversityinHangzhou,teamedupwithhisfriendZhuangZhang,aroboticsengineernowatFudanUniversityinShanghai,toassemble(組裝)robotsforthestudy.Theystartedwithcelluloselayersfromcotton,thenaddedglycerolforflexibilityanddriedthelayersforstrength.“Celluloseisalsocheapandeasytoassemble,”Weisays.Tobuildsensors,theresearchersusedaconductivegelatinfrompork.Theythenfoldedthelayersandsensorsinto3Dstructures.WeiandZhangfoundthecontrollerandroboticarmstooduptobothheavyuseandaweekofinactivity.Finally,theyburiedthembothina20-centimeter-deepholeneartheircampus.Withineightweeksthemachineswerealmostentirelygone.WeiandZhangenvisionrobotslikethesehandlingdangerouswasteandthendisappearingtheyalsoproposerobotsthataidsurgeriesandthensafelybreakdowninsidethebody.Butit’simportanttonotethatthetechnologyisinveryearlystages.“Ifwetrulywanttohaveasustainablerobotthatgoesoutsideinnature,”amaterialsscientistFlorianHartmannsays,“wealsoneedtothinkofelectronicsorpowersupplies,orevenbatteries,thatarebiodegradable.”32.Whatdoweknowaboutearlysoftrobots?A.Theyaremadeofnaturalmaterials.B.Theyaretoodelicateforheavyuse.C.Theywillproducee-wastepollution.D.Theycomefrommechanicalengineering.33.WhydidWeiandZhangburythecontrollerandroboticarm?A.Tochecktheirdurability.B.Tomonitortheireffectonsoil.C.Toseeiftheycanworkinsoil.D.Totestiftheycanbreakdown.34.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherobotsinthenewstudy?A.Costly. B.Eco-friendly.C.Safetouse. D.Easytooperate.35.WhatdoesHartmannmainlytalkaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Thenecessityforsustainablerobots.B.Thepotentialapplicationsofsoftrobots.C.Thepossibilitytoimprovepowersupplies.D.Thefutureresearchsuggestionsforsoftrobots.【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種由明膠和纖維素制成的可生物降解機器人，及其在環(huán)保和醫(yī)療領域的潛在應用，并指出該技術(shù)尚處于早期階段，未來還需進一步研究可持續(xù)的電子元件和能源方案。【32題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butalotofearlysoftrobotsstillreliedonchemicalmaterialsthatcontinuetoexistaspollution.(但許多早期的軟體機器人仍然依賴化學材料，這些材料會持續(xù)存在并造成污染。)”可知，早期的軟體機器人會產(chǎn)生電子廢物污染。故選C。【33題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Inanewstudy,researcherscraftedaroboticarm,andacontrollertooperateit,fromporkgelatin(明膠)andplantcellulose(纖維素)—materialsstrongenoughtofunctionyetdelicateenoughtodegrade(降解)inthesoil.(在一項新的研究中，研究人員用豬肉明膠和植物纖維素制作了一個機械臂和一個控制它的控制器——這些材料足夠堅固，可以發(fā)揮作用，但又足夠精細，可以在土壤中降解。)”及第四段中“Finally,theyburiedthembothina20-centimeter-deepholeneartheircampus.Withineightweeksthemachineswerealmostentirelygone.(最后，他們把這兩樣東西埋在了校園附近一個20厘米深的坑里。八周內(nèi)，這些機器幾乎完全消失了。)”可知，魏和張埋下控制器和機械臂是為了測試它們是否能降解。故選D。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段“Whatif,instead,thosemachinesweredesignedtobreakdownanddisappear—likelifedoes?Inanewstudy,researcherscraftedaroboticarm,andacontrollertooperateit,fromporkgelatin(明膠)andplantcellulose(纖維素)—materialsstrongenoughtofunctionyetdelicateenoughtodegrade(降解)inthesoil.Aftertesting,bothstructuresbrokedowninsoilwithinweeks.(如果這些機器被設計成可以分解并消失——就像生命一樣呢？在一項新的研究中，研究人員用豬肉明膠和植物纖維素制作了一個機械臂和一個控制它的控制器——這些材料足夠堅固，可以發(fā)揮作用，但又足夠精細，可以在土壤中降解。經(jīng)過測試，這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)在幾周內(nèi)都在土壤中分解了。)”可知，新的研究中，機器人可以降解，因此是環(huán)保的。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifwetrulywanttohaveasustainablerobotthatgoesoutsideinnature,”amaterialsscientistFlorianHartmannsays,“wealsoneedtothinkofelectronicsorpowersupplies,orevenbatteries,thatarebiodegradable.(材料科學家FlorianHartmann說：‘如果我們真的想要一種能在自然界中可持續(xù)存在的機器人，我們還需要考慮可生物降解的電子設備、電源甚至電池。’)”可推知，Hartmann主要討論了對未來軟體機器人研究的建議。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Decisionfatigue(決策疲勞)isapsychologicalphenomenonwherethequalityofdecisionsdeclinesafteralongsessionofdecision-making.____36____Whilemanyofusbelievewearelogicalbeingscapableofweighingeveryoptioncarefully,decisionfatigueshowshowourmentalresourcescanbeusedupovertime.Oneofthekeystudiesonthisphenomenonwasconductedinthecontextofparolehearings(假釋聽證會).____37____Asthedayprogressedandthejudgesmademoredecisions,theywereincreasinglylikelytomaintaintheirpreviousdecisions,denyingparolesimplybecauseitrequiredlessmentaleffort.____38____Forinstance,peopleoftenreportstrugglingtodecidewh