2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：人口老齡化社會保障體系考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選詞填空要求：從每道題的四個選項中，選擇最適合填入空白處的單詞，使句子意思完整、通順。每道題只有一個正確答案。1.Therapid______oftheelderlypopulationinmanydevelopedcountrieshasputsignificantpressureonsocialsecuritysystems,requiringgovernmentstorethinktheirpoliciesandexploreinnovativesolutions.A.increaseB.declineC.growthD.decrease2.Aslifeexpectancycontinuestorise,the______oflivinglongerpresentsbothopportunitiesandchallengesforindividualsandsocietiesalike.A.prospectB.threatC.burdenD.risk3.Oneofthekeychallengesfacedbysocialsecuritysystemsinagingsocietiesisthe______ofresources,asmorefundsareneededtosupportanincreasinglylargeelderlypopulation.A.shortageB.abundanceC.surplusD.allocation4.Pensionreformshavebecomea______topicinpoliticaldiscourse,withpolicymakersgrapplingwithhowtobalancetheneedsofcurrentretireeswiththoseoffuturegenerations.A.contentiousB.trivialC.insignificantD.irrelevant5.The______ofhealthcareservicesfortheelderlyisanothercriticalissuethatmustbeaddressed,asaccesstoqualitymedicalcarecansignificantlyimprovethequalityoflifeforolderadults.A.availabilityB.scarcityC.affordabilityD.accessibility6.Manycountriesareexploringthe______ofprivatepensionschemesasawaytosupplementpublicsocialsecuritysystemsandprovideadditionalfinancialsecurityfortheelderly.A.implementationB.abolitionC.discontinuationD.modification7.The______ofretirementagehasbeenacontentiousissue,withsomearguingthatraisingtheretirementageisnecessarytoensurethesustainabilityofsocialsecuritysystems,whileotherscontendthatitplacesanunfairburdenonworkers.A.adjustmentB.increaseC.decreaseD.postponement8.The______ofsocialsecuritybenefitshasasignificantimpactonthefinancialwell-beingofelderlyindividuals,asitcanaffecttheirabilitytomaintainadecentstandardoflivinginretirement.A.levelB.amountC.extentD.scope9.Insomecountries,the______offamilysupportsystemshasledtoagreaterrelianceonsocialsecurityprogramstoprovidefortheelderly,highlightingtheneedforaholisticapproachtoaddressingagingpopulations.A.declineB.strengtheningC.enhancementD.neglect10.The______oftechnologyhasthepotentialtotransformthedeliveryofsocialsecurityservices,makingthemmoreefficientandaccessibletoelderlyindividuals.A.advancementB.regressionC.stagnationD.decline二、段落信息匹配要求：閱讀下面的段落，然后將每個段落后面的選項與該段落的主要內(nèi)容進行匹配。每個選項只能使用一次。Aparagraphdiscussingthechallengesfacedbysocialsecuritysystemsinagingsocieties,includingtheshortageofresourcesandtheneedforpolicyreforms.Bparagraphhighlightingtheimportanceofhealthcareservicesfortheelderlyandtheneedtoimproveaccesstoqualitymedicalcare.Cparagraphexploringthepotentialofprivatepensionschemestosupplementpublicsocialsecuritysystemsandprovideadditionalfinancialsecurityfortheelderly.Dparagraphexaminingtheimpactoftheadvancementoftechnologyonthedeliveryofsocialsecurityservicesandthepotentialbenefitsforelderlyindividuals.Eparagraphdiscussingthecontentiousissueofadjustingretirementageandthedifferentperspectivesonitsnecessityandfairness.Fparagraphemphasizingthesignificanceoffamilysupportsystemsinprovidingfortheelderlyandtheneedforaholisticapproachtoaddressingagingpopulations.Gparagraphfocusingontheprospectoflivinglongerandtheopportunitiesandchallengesitpresentsforindividualsandsocieties.1.Therapidincreaseoftheelderlypopulationinmanydevelopedcountrieshasputsignificantpressureonsocialsecuritysystems,requiringgovernmentstorethinktheirpoliciesandexploreinnovativesolutions.A.GB.AC.ED.BE.FF.DG.C2.Aslifeexpectancycontinuestorise,theprospectoflivinglongerpresentsbothopportunitiesandchallengesforindividualsandsocietiesalike.A.BB.GC.DD.EE.FF.AG.C3.Oneofthekeychallengesfacedbysocialsecuritysystemsinagingsocietiesistheshortageofresources,asmorefundsareneededtosupportanincreasinglylargeelderlypopulation.A.FB.AC.ED.BE.GF.DG.C4.Pensionreformshavebecomeacontentioustopicinpoliticaldiscourse,withpolicymakersgrapplingwithhowtobalancetheneedsofcurrentretireeswiththoseoffuturegenerations.A.EB.AC.GD.BE.FF.DG.C5.Theavailabilityofhealthcareservicesfortheelderlyisanothercriticalissuethatmustbeaddressed,asaccesstoqualitymedicalcarecansignificantlyimprovethequalityoflifeforolderadults.A.BB.GC.DD.EE.FF.AG.C6.Manycountriesareexploringtheimplementationofprivatepensionschemesasawaytosupplementpublicsocialsecuritysystemsandprovideadditionalfinancialsecurityfortheelderly.A.CB.AC.GD.BE.FF.DG.E7.Theadjustmentofretirementagehasbeenacontentiousissue,withsomearguingthatraisingtheretirementageisnecessarytoensurethesustainabilityofsocialsecuritysystems,whileotherscontendthatitplacesanunfairburdenonworkers.A.EB.AC.GD.BE.FF.DG.C8.Thelevelofsocialsecuritybenefitshasasignificantimpactonthefinancialwell-beingofelderlyindividuals,asitcanaffecttheirabilitytomaintainadecentstandardoflivinginretirement.A.AB.GC.DD.EE.FF.BG.C9.Insomecountries,thedeclineoffamilysupportsystemshasledtoagreaterrelianceonsocialsecurityprogramstoprovidefortheelderly,highlightingtheneedforaholisticapproachtoaddressingagingpopulations.A.FB.AC.GD.BE.FF.DG.E10.Theadvancementoftechnologyhasthepotentialtotransformthedeliveryofsocialsecurityservices,makingthemmoreefficientandaccessibletoelderlyindividuals.A.DB.AC.GD.BE.FF.DG.E三、閱讀理解要求：閱讀下面的文章，然后回答問題。文章后的每個問題都有四個選項，請選擇最佳答案。文章：隨著全球人口平均壽命的延長，許多國家正面臨著日益嚴峻的人口老齡化問題。這一趨勢對社會保障體系提出了巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，迫使政府重新思考政策并探索創(chuàng)新解決方案。本文將探討人口老齡化對社會保障體系的影響，以及可能的應(yīng)對策略。首先，人口老齡化導(dǎo)致社會保障體系的負擔(dān)加重。隨著老年人口比例的增加，養(yǎng)老金和醫(yī)療福利的需求也隨之增長。這給政府帶來了巨大的財政壓力，因為需要更多的資金來支持老年人的生活。例如，在德國，由于老年人口比例的增加，養(yǎng)老金支出占政府總支出的比例從2000年的20%上升到2020年的30%。其次，人口老齡化還導(dǎo)致了勞動力市場的變化。隨著老年人口的增加，勞動力供給減少，這可能導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟增長放緩。此外，老年人口的退休年齡也成為了一個爭議性的話題。一些人認為，提高退休年齡是必要的，以確保社會保障體系的可持續(xù)性；而另一些人則認為，這會對工人造成不公平的負擔(dān)。為了應(yīng)對這些挑戰(zhàn)，許多國家正在探索各種創(chuàng)新解決方案。其中之一是推廣私人養(yǎng)老金計劃。通過鼓勵個人參與私人養(yǎng)老金計劃，政府可以減輕公共社會保障體系的負擔(dān)。例如，在荷蘭，私人養(yǎng)老金計劃覆蓋了全國勞動力的80%，這大大減輕了公共養(yǎng)老金體系的壓力。另一個解決方案是提高社會保障體系的效率。通過利用技術(shù)進步，政府可以更有效地管理社會保障體系，減少浪費和欺詐。例如，美國的一些州正在使用人工智能技術(shù)來檢測養(yǎng)老金欺詐，這有助于保護社會保障體系的資金。此外，改善醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)也是應(yīng)對人口老齡化的重要策略。隨著老年人口的增加，對醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)的需求也在增加。因此，政府需要投資于醫(yī)療保健基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，提高醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)的質(zhì)量和可及性。例如，在瑞典，政府增加了對老年醫(yī)療保健的投資，這使得老年人能夠更容易地獲得所需的醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)。最后，加強家庭支持系統(tǒng)也是應(yīng)對人口老齡化的重要方面。在許多文化中，家庭是老年人的主要支持者。因此，政府需要鼓勵家庭照顧老年人，并提供必要的支持和服務(wù)。例如，在中國，政府推出了家庭養(yǎng)老補貼政策，以鼓勵家庭成員照顧老年人。問題：1.根據(jù)文章，人口老齡化對社會保障體系的主要影響是什么？A.減少了養(yǎng)老金的需求。B.增加了社會保障體系的負擔(dān)。C.提高了勞動力市場的靈活性。D.促進了私人養(yǎng)老金計劃的發(fā)展。2.文章中提到，提高退休年齡是一個什么樣的問題？A.一個普遍接受的解決方案。B.一個沒有爭議的話題。C.一個爭議性的話題。D.一個已經(jīng)被廣泛討論的問題。3.根據(jù)文章，私人養(yǎng)老金計劃如何幫助社會保障體系？A.減少了政府的財政壓力。B.提高了老年人的生活質(zhì)量。C.增加了勞動力供給。D.改善了醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)。4.文章中提到，利用技術(shù)進步提高社會保障體系的效率有哪些好處？A.減少了政府的行政成本。B.提高了社會保障體系的透明度。C.減少了養(yǎng)老金欺詐。D.增加了社會保障體系的資金。5.根據(jù)文章，改善醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)為什么重要？A.減少了老年人的醫(yī)療費用。B.提高了老年人的生活質(zhì)量。C.增加了勞動力市場的靈活性。D.促進了私人養(yǎng)老金計劃的發(fā)展。6.文章中提到，加強家庭支持系統(tǒng)為什么重要？A.減少了政府的財政壓力。B.提高了老年人的生活質(zhì)量。C.增加了勞動力供給。D.改善了醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)。7.根據(jù)文章，哪個國家在推廣私人養(yǎng)老金計劃方面做得最好？A.德國。B.荷蘭。C.美國。D.瑞典。8.文章中提到，哪個國家在提高社會保障體系效率方面做得最好？A.德國。B.荷蘭。C.美國。D.瑞典。9.根據(jù)文章，哪個國家在改善醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)方面做得最好？A.德國。B.荷蘭。C.美國。D.瑞典。10.文章中提到，哪個國家在加強家庭支持系統(tǒng)方面做得最好？A.德國。B.荷蘭。C.中國。D.瑞典。四、完形填空要求：閱讀下面的文章，其中有十個空白，每個空白有四個選項。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇最適合填入每個空白處的單詞。文章：Inmanydevelopedcountries,theissueofpopulationaginghasbecomeamajorconcernforpolicymakers.Theincreasingnumberofelderlypeopleisputtingastrainonsocialsecuritysystems,makingitnecessarytofindinnovativesolutions.Oneofthekeychallengesfacedbythesesystemsistherisingcostofpensionsandhealthcareservices.Aspeoplelivelonger,theyrequiremorefinancialsupportandmedicalcare,whichputsasignificantburdenongovernments.Toaddressthisissue,governmentsareexploringvariousstrategies.Oneapproachistoencouragethedevelopmentofprivatepensionschemes.Byallowingindividualstocontributetoprivatepensionplans,governmentscanreducetheirrelianceonpublicpensionsystems.This,inturn,canhelptoalleviatethefinancialpressureonpublicsocialsecuritysystems.Forexample,inGermany,privatepensionschemeshavebeengainingpopularity,withasignificantnumberofworkersoptingtoparticipateintheseschemes.Anotherstrategyistoimprovetheefficiencyofsocialsecuritysystems.Thiscanbeachievedbyleveragingtechnologytostreamlineadministrativeprocessesandreducecosts.Forinstance,somecountriesareusingdigitalplatformstomanagepensionapplicationsandhealthcareservices,makingtheprocessmoreefficientandaccessibleforelderlyindividuals.Thisnotonlyreducestheadministrativeburdenbutalsoensuresthatresourcesareusedmoreeffectively.Inadditiontothesestrategies,investinginhealthcareservicesiscrucial.Withanagingpopulation,thedemandformedicalcareisincreasing.Therefore,governmentsneedtoinvestinhealthcareinfrastructureandimprovethequalityofservicesprovided.Thisincludesexpandinghealthcarefacilities,trainingmoremedicalprofessionals,anddevelopingnewtreatmentsandtechnologies.Bydoingso,elderlyindividualscanaccessthecaretheyneed,whichimprovestheiroverallqualityoflife.Furthermore,promotingfamilysupportsystemsisanotherimportantaspect.Inmanycultures,familiesplayavitalroleincaringfortheelderly.Governmentsshouldencourageandsupportfamilycaregiversbyprovidingthemwithfinancialassistance,training,andrespitecare.Thisnotonlyhelpsto減輕theburdenonsocialsecuritysystemsbutalsostrengthensfamilybondsandensuresthatelderlyindividualsreceivetheemotionalsupporttheyneed.Finally,raisingtheretirementageisacontentiousissuethathasbeendebatedbypolicymakers.Whilesomearguethatraisingtheretirementageisnecessarytoensurethesustainabilityofsocialsecuritysystems,otherscontendthatitmaybeunfairtoworkerswhohavebeencontributingtothesystemthroughouttheircareers.Findingabalancebetweentheneedsofcurrentretireesandfuturegenerationsiscrucial.Byimplementingthesestrategies,governmentscanbettermanagethechallengesposedbyanagingpopulation.Encouragingprivatepensionschemes,improvingtheefficiencyofsocialsecuritysystems,investinginhealthcare,promotingfamilysupport,andcarefullyconsideringtheissueofretirementageareallimportantstepstowardensuringthatelderlyindividualsreceivethesupporttheyneedwhilemaintainingthesustainabilityofsocialsecuritysystems.問題：1.Accordingtothearticle,whatisamajorconcernforpolicymakersinmanydevelopedcountries?A.Theincreasingnumberofelderlypeople.B.Thedecliningnumberofyoungpeople.C.Therisingcostofeducation.D.Thegrowingunemploymentrate.2.Whatisoneofthekeychallengesfacedbysocialsecuritysystemsduetopopulationaging?A.Theincreasingavailabilityofjobs.B.Therisingcostofpensionsandhealthcareservices.C.Thedecreasingdemandformedicalcare.D.Theincreasingnumberofretirees.3.Howcanprivatepensionschemeshelpsocialsecuritysystems?A.Byreducingthefinancialburdenonpublicpensionsystems.B.Byincreasingthenumberofworkersinthelabormarket.C.Byprovidingmorehealthcareservicestoelderlyindividuals.D.Byencouragingfamilycaregiverstosupporttheelderly.4.Whatisonewaythattechnologycanbeusedtoimprovesocialsecuritysystems?A.Byincreasingthenumberofgovernmentemployees.B.Bystreamliningadministrativeprocessesandreducingcosts.C.Byprovidingmorefinancialsupporttofamilies.D.Byexpandinghealthcarefacilities.5.Whyisinvestinginhealthcareservicesimportantforanagingpopulation?A.Becauseitreducesthedemandformedicalcare.B.Becauseitincreasesthecostofhealthcare.C.Becauseitimprovestheoverallqualityoflifeforelderlyindividuals.D.Becauseitencouragesfamilycaregiverstosupporttheelderly.6.Whatroledofamiliesplayincaringfortheelderly?A.Theyprovidefinancialsupporttothegovernment.B.Theyplayaminimalroleinthecareoftheelderly.C.Theyplayavitalroleincaringfortheelderly.D.Theyareresponsibleformanagingsocialsecuritysystems.7.Whatisacontentiousissuerelatedtopopulationaging?A.Theincreasingnumberofyoungpeople.B.Thedecliningnumberofretirees.C.Raisingtheretirementage.D.Theincreasingcostofeducation.8.Whatiscrucialforfindingabalancebetweentheneedsofcurrentretireesandfuturegenerations?A.Increasingthenumberofworkersinthelabormarket.B.Raisingtheretirementage.C.Encouragingprivatepensionschemes.D.Improvingtheefficiencyofsocialsecuritysystems.9.Whataresomeofthestrategiesgovernmentsareexploringtomanagethechallengesposedbyanagingpopulation?A.Encouragingprivatepensionschemes,improvingtheefficiencyofsocialsecuritysystems,investinginhealthcare,promotingfamilysupport,andcarefullyconsideringtheissueofretirementage.B.Increasingthenumberofworkersinthelabormarket,reducingthecostofpensions,andexpandinghealthcarefacilities.C.Encouragingfamilycaregiverstosupporttheelderly,raisingtheretirementage,andincreasingthenumberofgovernmentemployees.D.Encouragingprivatepensionschemes,raisingtheretirementage,andincreasingthecostofhealthcareservices.10.Whatdoesthearticlesuggestaboutthefutureofsocialsecuritysystemsinagingsocieties?A.Theywillbecomemoreefficientandsustainablewiththerightstrategies.B.Theywillfaceincreasingchallengesbutremainunchanged.C.Theywilldeclineineffectivenessduetotherisingcostofpensionsandhealthcareservices.D.Theywillbereplacedbyprivatepensionschemesinthefuture.本次試卷答案如下一、選詞填空1.C.growth解析：句意為“許多發(fā)達國家老年人口的快速增長給社會保障體系帶來了巨大壓力”，所以用growth“增長”最符合語境。2.A.prospect解析：句意為“隨著預(yù)期壽命的持續(xù)提高，活得更長的前景為個人和社會帶來了機遇和挑戰(zhàn)”，prospect“前景”符合文意。3.A.shortage解析：句意為“人口老齡化社會中社會保障體系面臨的一個關(guān)鍵挑戰(zhàn)是資源的短缺”，shortage“短缺”最貼切。4.A.contentious解析：句意為“養(yǎng)老金改革已成為政治討論中的一個有爭議的話題”，contentious“有爭議的”符合句意。5.A.availability解析：句意為“老年人醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)的可及性是必須解決的一個關(guān)鍵問題”，availability“可及性”最合適。6.A.implementation解析：句意為“許多國家正在探索實施私人養(yǎng)老金計劃”，implementation“實施”最符合語境。7.A.adjustment解析：句意為“退休年齡的調(diào)整是一個有爭議的問題”，adjustment“調(diào)整”最貼切。8.A.level解析：句意為“社會保障福利水平對老年人的財務(wù)狀況有重大影響”，level“水平”最符合文意。9.A.decline解析：句意為“在一些國家，家庭支持系統(tǒng)的衰落導(dǎo)致了人們對社會保障計劃的更大依賴”，decline“衰落”最合適。10.A.advancement解析：句意為“技術(shù)的進步有可能改變社會保障服務(wù)的交付方式”，advancement“進步”最符合語境。二、段落信息匹配1.B.A解析：段落主要討論老年人口快速增長給社會保障體系帶來的壓力，與題干A段落內(nèi)容一致。2.B.G解析：段落主要討論活得更長的前景為個人和社會帶來的機遇和挑戰(zhàn)，與題干G段落內(nèi)容一致。3.B.A解析：段落主要討論社會保障體系面臨的資源短缺問題，與題干A段落內(nèi)容一致。4.C.E解析：段落主要討論調(diào)整退休年齡是一個有爭議的話題，與題干E段落內(nèi)容一致。5.B.B解析：段落主要討論老年人醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)的重要性，與題干B段落內(nèi)容一致。6.A.F解析：段落主要討論技術(shù)進步對社會保障服務(wù)交付方式的影響，與題干F段落內(nèi)容一致。7.C.D解析：段落主要討論退休年齡調(diào)整的爭議性，與題干D段落內(nèi)容一致。8.A.A解析：段落主要討論社會保障福利水平對老年人財務(wù)狀況的影響，與題干A段落內(nèi)容一致。9.A.F解析：段落主要討論家庭支持系統(tǒng)在照顧老年人中的重要性，與題干F段落內(nèi)容一致。10.D.E解析：段落主要討論技術(shù)進