高中閱讀理解CD篇做題方法

——問題解決型文章

Problem-solving(以2025年新高考一卷C篇閱讀為例)方法1：快速判斷文章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出關(guān)鍵詞。Thestructureproblem/phenomenonanalysis：background/currentsituation......solution/calltoaction/reflectionevaluation/suggestion/commentKeywords:Theproblemthatneedtobesolved.

不是所有文章都包含這四個(gè)方面，有的可能包含兩三個(gè)。方法1：快速判斷文章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出關(guān)鍵詞。Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBr?mmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.IntheirnewbookMovement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinourlives.Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市長(zhǎng))tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970saswell.Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenowhaveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty-sixmillionpeople,amongthehighestrateofcarownershipintheworld.Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?TheauthorsofMovementhaveitright:it’stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.ProblemIntroduction:街道上行人減少，父母選擇開車接送，而非讓學(xué)生步行。ProblemElaboration：引用荷蘭作者的觀點(diǎn)，再次強(qiáng)調(diào)要重視街道問題。HistoricalContext:回顧20世紀(jì)城市改造：社區(qū)為汽車讓路，兒童失去活動(dòng)空間。CurrentSituation:西方城市仍以汽車需求為主導(dǎo),問題依然嚴(yán)重。Reflection:我們需重新思考街道的定位。方法1：快速判斷文章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出關(guān)鍵詞。Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBr?mmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.IntheirnewbookMovement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinourlives.Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市長(zhǎng))tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970saswell.Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenowhaveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty-sixmillionpeople,amongthehighestrateofcarownershipintheworld.Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?TheauthorsofMovementhaveitright:it’stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.Keywords:CarsPedestrianStreet

Problem:Toomanycarsonthestreetsareimpedingpedestrianmobility.方法2：先讀題干，圈關(guān)鍵詞，再精準(zhǔn)定位文章找答案。28.Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1?A.Carsoftengetstuckontheroad. B.Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.C.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore. D.Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.29.WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo?A.Keeptheircitieslivable. B.Promoteculturaldiversity.C.Helptheneedyfamilies. D.Makeexpresswaysaccessible.30.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecampaignsinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970s?A.Theyboostedthesalesofcars. B.Theyturnedoutlargelyineffective.C.Theywongovernmentsupport. D.Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.問第一段講了什么，只在第一段找答案。關(guān)鍵詞Canadianjournalist在第三段出現(xiàn)，在本段找答案。關(guān)鍵詞thecampaignsinAustralia

在第四段出現(xiàn)，因此去第四段找答案。以28題為例：28.Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1?A.Carsoftengetstuckontheroad. B.Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.C.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore. D.Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.A選項(xiàng)說交通擁堵，原文表述為

toomuchtraffic

車流量大≠交通擁堵

偷換概念。B選項(xiàng)說交通事故經(jīng)常發(fā)生，文中沒有提到，無中生有。D選項(xiàng)說行人違規(guī)，文中提到了行人，但并沒有說違規(guī)，無中生有。C是對(duì)原文sotheypackthemintothecarinstead的改寫，父母把孩子放進(jìn)車?yán)锒皇亲屗麄冃凶?，說明人們行走少，開車多。方法3：正確選項(xiàng)是對(duì)原文內(nèi)容的同義改寫。切記：無中生有、歪曲原文、偷換概念的選項(xiàng)不能選！方法4：注意轉(zhuǎn)折詞，轉(zhuǎn)折后一般會(huì)出現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵信息。Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebe