福建省寧德市2025屆高中畢業(yè)班五月份質(zhì)量檢測英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillbethespeakers’firstclasstoday?A.French. B.Physics. C.English.【答案】A【原文】M:Idon’tlikeMondaymornings.Thefirsttwolessonsarephysics.Mybrainisn’treadyforthataftertheweekend.W:Haven’tyouheard?Theteacherisill.So,thismorningwe’rehavingFrenchfirst,thenEnglish.M:Well,Isupposethatisbetter.2.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Toorderdrinks. B.Totakeadayoff. C.Tochecktheweather.【答案】B【原文】M:IwantedtocallandletyouknowIcouldn’tgotoworktoday.I’mabitundertheweather.W:That’sfine.Drinklotsofwaterandgetbettersoon!3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewplanet. B.Achemicalelement. C.Ascienceexperiment.【答案】B【原文】W:Didyouknowthathydrogenisthemostcommonelementontheplanet?Itmakesuparound80%ofourworld.M:Ihearditmakesupsomeofthehumanbodyaswell.W:True!Andithelpstoproduceenergyinthebody.4.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Productpromotion. B.Apayrise. C.Morefreetime.【答案】C【原文】M:Myjobisrewarding,andIstillhaveapassionfortheproductswesell,butIneedabetterworkandlifebalance.W:Isee,dear.Increasingfreetimewouldhelpgreatly.M:Exactly.IjusthopeIcanmaintainthesamepayrate.5.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Paintingforanartgallery.B.Makingaschoolartcreation.C.DecoratingTommy’sbedroom.【答案】B【原文】W:Tommy,putmoreglueonthepaperandcolorthisonered.M:Allright,Mom.Canyoucutitforme?Ms.BerrysaidIshouldn’tusescissorsuntilthefirstgrade.W:She’sright.Andshe’sgoingtolovethiscreationwhenyouhanditintohertomorrow.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthedogafraidof?A.Loudnoises. B.Bigcrowds. C.Brightlights.7.WherewillthespeakercelebratethenextSpringFestival?A.Inaquietcity. B.Inacountryhotel. C.Inalakehouse.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】W:Yourdoglooksverythin.Issheokay?M:No,she’snoteating.Shealwaysgetsscaredatthistimeofyear.Toomanyfireworks.Shedoesn’tmindthelights.It’sjustthesoundwhenthey’resetoff.W:Poorthing.YoushouldtakeherawayfromthecityduringtheSpringFestival.M:Iwould,butit’shardtofindhotelsthattakedogs.W:Myfriendhasalakehouseinthecountryside.Weshouldgotheretogethernextyear.M:Thatwouldbenice.W:Wecanhaveourownquietcelebration.M:Soundsgood.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Howmanyticketsdoesthewomanneed?A.Three. B.Five. C.Two.9.WhydoesthewomangiveupseeingSilence?A.Herchildrenarenotoldenough.B.Herchildrendislikescarymovies.C.HerchildrenwanttoseePeterPan.10.Whattypeoffilmwillthewomanprobablysee?A.Ascarymovie. B.Acartoonmovie. C.Asuperheromovie.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【原文】W:TwoadultticketsandthreechildrenticketsforSilenceat8:30p.m..M:I’msorry,ma’am,SilenceisanR-ratedmovie.Thesemoviesarerestrictedtoviewersundertheageof17.Sosorry,it’sanewcinemarule.W:Oh,mymistake,Iwasn’tawareofthis.Weshouldn’tallseeascarymovieanyway.Itprobablywouldn’thavebeenproperforourchildren.M:Well,wehaveDisney’sPeterPanat8:20p.m.,butthesecartoonfilmsaremainlyforyoungerchildren.OrwehaveSpidermanplayingat8:45p.m.W:Theymightnotbeintocartoons.Butwealllovesuperherofilms,and8:45p.m.isperfect.That’llgiveustimetogetdrinksandpopcorn.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatisthewoman’sconcernabouttheblacktruck?A.Itssalesprice. B.Itsfuelconsumption. C.Itspollutionproblem.12.Wherearethespeakers?A.InChina. B.InIndia. C.InNorway.13.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Purchaseanelectrictruck.B.Searchfornewcarsonline.C.Seethelatestgreenvehicles.【答案】11.B12.C13.C【原文】W:Thisblacktruckseemsperfectfordailydriving.Buthowmanykilometersdoesitgetperliteroffuel?M:Around12kmperliter.W:Isee.Withtoday’sgasprices,thatmightbeunaffordable.Arethereothersthatuselessfuel?M:SureMiss.Butyouknow,electricvehiclesarethefuture.HereinNorway,almost75%ofnewcarssoldareelectric.Plus,Norwayplanstoremovepetrolvehiclesfromthemarketinthenearfuture.W:Wow,areothercountriessupportingthisaswell?M:Sure.ChinaandWesternEuropeareleadingintheproductionanduseofelectriccars.Andmanycountries,includingIndiaandSouthKorea,haveplannedtoremovepetrolcarsentirelywithinthedecade.W:It’sanewgeneration,isn’tit?M:That’sright.Andinthefuture,we’llallbenefitfromhavingcleanerandfresherair.W:CanIgetanelectrictruck?Oraremostofthesegreenvehiclessmaller?M:Theycomeinallshapesandsizes.Let’shavealookatthenewestmodelswehaveinourshowroom.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Aneventorganizer. B.Asportsreporter. C.AnOlympicjudge.15.WhendidthewomanstarttoarrangetheOlympicGames?A.10yearsago. B.20yearsago. C.15yearsago.16.Whathaschangedaboutgymnastics?A.Achievingfullscoresiseasier.B.Womenathletesbecomestronger.C.Peoplefocusmoreonfemaleathletes.【答案】14.A15.B16.C【原文】M:Ms.Jansen,thankyouforgivingusthechancetovisittheOlympicvillageandgivingouraudienceatSportsTVsomeinformationontheirfavoriteevents.W:Mypleasure,Jack.IspendmostworkingdaysexplainingandorganizingOlympicGames,soI’mgladtosharesomedetailsbehindthescenes.M:So,sinceyou’vebeenarrangingthesegamesforthelast20years,whatchangeshaveyouseenabouttheOlympics?W:Well,theOlympicshaveaddednewevents,suchasskateboarding,surfingandclimbing.M:Andwe’reallimpressedwiththesechanges.Whataboutchangestogymnastics?W:Firsttherearechangesinagesandgenders.Manywomenaregoodatthissportataroundage15.Plus,womenhavebecomeastrongerfocusthanmen.Andjudgescannotgiveafullscoreeasily,soachievingascoreof10isalmostimpossiblenow.M:Interesting!Iwasn’tawareofthechangetothejudges’side.W:That’sright.We’llmakeourwayovertothegymnasticsarea.Fornow,let’swalkthroughtheOlympicvillagetowardthesportscourts.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whendoesthetalkprobablytakeplace?A.InJanuary. B.InJune. C.InSeptember.18.Whatdotheyraisemoneyfor?A.Localelection. B.Communityservice. C.Schoolconstruction.19.Whoisthespeaker?A.Theheadvolunteeroftheevent.B.Theheadteacheroftheuniversity.C.Theleaderofthelocalgovernment.20.Whatwillkidsdonext?A.Joininagame. B.Gettheirmedals. C.HaveaBBQmeal.【答案】17.B18.C19.C20.A【原文】Thankyouforcomingoutforourtown’s99thannualSummerFestival.Beforewegetintoourgames,performancesbylocalstudents,andfinallyourbigBBQmeal,I’dliketomakesomeannouncements.First,I’msohappythatthefundingiscompleteforournewschoolbuildings.Everyone,pleasegiveabighandtothegroupof20localparentswhocametogethertoraisethemoney.Thisprojectwillmeansomuchtotheyoungstudentsintown.Whentheygetabettereducation,thefutureofourentirecommunitywins.Second,I’dliketothankeveryonewhovolunteeredtohelporganizethisevent.Becauseofyou,almosteverytownresidentisatthisparty.Thelocalgovernmentleaders,includingme,allfeelveryhonored.Also,Iappreciatereceivingyourvotesinthistown’slastelection.Butenoughwaiting,we’vegotabeautifulafternoonaheadofusaswecelebratethefirstdayofthesummer,thebesttimeofLosAngeles.Nextup,we’vegotaspecialgameforthechildrenoutthere.Now,parents,getyourkidsandlineupaswestartourgame.Andwe’vepreparedsomebeautifulmedalsforthewinnersasprizes.So,let’sgetready!第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AWanttostartchangingyourlife?Blinkistmayhelpyou.Startwiththefollowingbooks:“HumanCompatible”byStuartRussell(22minreadingtime)WhatwillthepursuitforadvancedAImeanforhumanity?Russell,oneoftheworld’sleadingresearchersinthefield,exploresthechallengeofdevelopingartificial(人工的)intelligencesystemsagreeingwithhumanvaluesandinterests.GetthekeyideasonBlinkist.“Life3.0”byMaxTegmark(19minreadingtime)MITscientistMaxTegmarktakesreadersonamind-expandingjourneytoimaginewhataworlddominatedbysuperintelligentAImightlooklike.Heexaminestherisksandrewardsoflifeinauniversewherehumansareoutmatchedbymorecapablemachines.GetthekeyideasonBlinkist.“Superintelligence”byNickBostrom(19minreadingtime)Whathappenswhenmachinesarebetterthanhumancognitive(認(rèn)知的)abilities?OxfordphilosopherNickBostromlaysoutthepotentialpathsandrisksthatmayemergeaswedevelopsuperintelligentAIsystemsovercominghumanintelligence.GetthekeyideasonBlinkist.“ZeroToOne”byPeterThiel(26minreadingtime)ZerotoOnebyPeterThielwithBlakeMasterspresentsinsightsonenterpriseandinnovation.Thebookemphasizestheimportanceofcreatingsomethingnewinsteadofcompetinginanexistingmarket.Itoffersauniqueinsightonhowtobuildsuccessfulstartupsandbusinesses.GetthekeyideasonBlinkist.Withacommunityof34millionpeoplelocatedacrosstheworld—fromtechbusinessfounderstofull-timemomstotopCEOs—Blinkisthasafaithfulfanbaseofuserswhoarealldiscoveringpowerfulideasinnonfictionbooksontheapp.21.WhatdoSuperintelligenceandLife3.0bothtalkabout?A.ThehumanityofAI. B.TheapplicationofAI.C.ThedevelopmentofAI. D.ThesuperintelligenceofAI.22.WhatisspecialaboutZerotoOne?A.Itdescribesauniqueenterprise. B.Itadvocatesinnovativecooperation.C.Itstressescompetitioninthemarket. D.Itemphasizescreativityinabusiness.23.Whatisthemainpurposeofwritingthetext?A.Torecommendanapp. B.Togiveadviceonlife.C.Tointroducesomewriters. D.Toadvertisefourbooks.【答案】21.D22.D23.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了Blinkist閱讀應(yīng)用，重點推薦了四本關(guān)于AI和商業(yè)創(chuàng)新的書籍。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Life3.0部分的“MITscientistMaxTegmarktakesreadersonamind-expandingjourneytoimaginewhataworlddominatedbysuperintelligentAImightlooklike.(麻省理工學(xué)院科學(xué)家MaxTegmark帶領(lǐng)讀者展開一場思維拓展之旅，暢想一個由超級人工智能主導(dǎo)的世界可能呈現(xiàn)怎樣的面貌)”和Superintelligence部分的“OxfordphilosopherNickBostromlaysoutthepotentialpathsandrisksthatmayemergeaswedevelopsuperintelligentAIsystemsovercominghumanintelligence.(牛津大學(xué)哲學(xué)家NickBostrom系統(tǒng)闡述了發(fā)展超越人類智能的超級人工智能時，可能出現(xiàn)的演進路徑與潛在風(fēng)險)”可知，兩本書均聚焦于人工智能的超級智能。故選D項?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ZeroToOne部分的“ZerotoOnebyPeterThielwithBlakeMasterspresentsinsightsonenterpriseandinnovation.Thebookemphasizestheimportanceofcreatingsomethingnewinsteadofcompetinginanexistingmarket.(PeterThiel與BlakeMasters合著的《從0到1》深入探討了企業(yè)創(chuàng)新之道。該書強調(diào)，與其在現(xiàn)有市場中競爭，不如創(chuàng)造全新事物，這一理念正是商業(yè)創(chuàng)新的核心所在)”可知，《從0到1》這本書的特別之處在于強調(diào)商業(yè)中的創(chuàng)造力。故選D項。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。文章開頭“Wanttostartchangingyourlife?Blinkistmayhelpyou.(想要開始改變你的生活嗎？Blinkist或許能幫到你)”引出Blinkist平臺，隨后介紹該平臺上的四本書，并多次提到“GetthekeyideasonBlinkist.(在Blinkist獲取核心觀點)”，結(jié)尾“Withacommunityof34millionpeoplelocatedacrosstheworld—fromtechbusinessfounderstofull-timemomstotopCEOs—Blinkisthasafaithfulfanbaseofuserswhoarealldiscoveringpowerfulideasinnonfictionbooksontheapp.(Blinkist已在全球擁有3400萬忠實用戶群體——從科技創(chuàng)業(yè)者到全職媽媽，再到企業(yè)高管——他們都在這個應(yīng)用中探索非虛構(gòu)類書籍的精華觀點)”強調(diào)Blinkist在全球擁有大量用戶，暗示其影響力和實用性。由此推知，文章旨在推廣Blinkist平臺，鼓勵讀者通過該應(yīng)用獲取書籍精華。故選A項。BGrowingupinaloudchaoticItalianfamily,Ioftenfeltunseenandunheard.Myhomewasfilledwithshouting,butlittlemeaningfulconversation.Ididn’tthinkanyonecaredaboutmythoughtsorfeelings—untilImetMisterRogers.Everyday,IwouldsitclosetotheTV,mesmerizedbyMisterRogers’Neighborhood.Itwasn’tjustashow.Itfeltlikeavisitwithakind,wisefriend.Hespokedirectlytomethroughthecamera,hiscalmvoicemakingmefeelrespected,evenasachild.HetoldmeIwasspecialjustthewayIwas,andthatmeanttheworldtome.Onemomentstoodout.IwasscaredoftheWitchfromTheWizardofOz,butmyparentsdismissedmyfear,callingme“silly.”MisterRogers,however,invitedtheactresswhoplayedthewitchontohisshow.Together,theyremovedhergreenmakeup,showingthesmilingwomanunderneath.Ithelpedmefeellessafraidandtaughtmethepoweroftelevisiontoaddressrealemotions.MisterRogersdidn’tjustcomfortme.Hegavemetoolstohandledifficultfeelingslikeangerandfear.Insteadoftellingmeto“getoverit”,heshowedmehowtounderstandandmanagemyemotions.Theselessonsstayedwithmelongafterchildhood.Asanadult,IrealizedhowdeeplyMisterRogershadshapedmylife.Ibegannoticing“l(fā)ittlelifeclues”—smallactsofkindnessthatmakeabigdifference.Astranger’ssmile,afriendlycomment,orahelpinghandonaplaneremindedmeofthevaluesMisterRogerstaught:respect,kindness,andconnection.Inspired,Idevotedmycareertocreatingchildren’sshowslikeBlue’sCluesandDanielTiger’sNeighborhoodtogivechildrenthesamesenseofbeingseenandheardthatMisterRogersgaveme.Ihopetheseshowshelpkidsgrowintoadultswhovalueempathy(共情),kindness,andthelittlethingsthatmakelifemeaningful.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mesmerized”inParagraph2mean?A.Scared. B.Fascinated. C.Confused. D.Amused.25.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewriter’sfamilyenvironment?A.Itwasstrictanddisciplined. B.Itlackedemotionalconnections.C.Itstressedacademicachievements. D.Itwassupportiveandencouraging.26.WhatmadethewriterlessfrightenedoftheWitch?A.ThecomfortfromMisterRogers. B.Thegreenmakeupintheshow.C.Therealappearanceoftheactress. D.Theexplanationofherparents.27.Whydoesthewritermention“l(fā)ittlelifeclues”inParagraph5?A.ToillustratetheinfluenceofMisterRogers. B.Toshowtheinnovationofchildren’sshows.C.Toemphasizethepowerofastranger’ssmile. D.Todemonstratethesuccessofthewriter’scareer.【答案】24.B25.B26.C27.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者的家庭環(huán)境缺乏情感聯(lián)系，但是作者喜歡一個節(jié)目里的羅杰斯先生，羅杰斯先生讓作者開始注意到“生活的小線索”，最終取得了職業(yè)成功?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Itwasn’tjustashow.Itfeltlikeavisitwithakind,wisefriend.Hespokedirectlytomethroughthecamera,hiscalmvoicemakingmefeelrespected,evenasachild.HetoldmeIwasspecialjustthewayIwas,andthatmeanttheworldtome.(這不僅僅是一場表演。感覺就像拜訪一位善良、睿智的朋友。他通過鏡頭直接對我說話，他平靜的聲音讓我感到被尊重，即使我還是個孩子。他告訴我，我本來的樣子就很特別，這對我來說意味著一切)”可知，《羅杰斯先生的鄰居》對作者來說意義重大，說明作者對其著迷。故劃線詞意思是“著迷”。故選B。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Growingupinaloud,chaoticItalianfamily,Ioftenfeltunseenandunheard.Myhomewasfilledwithshouting,butlittlemeaningfulconversation.Ididn’tthinkanyonecaredaboutmythoughtsorfeelings—untilImetMisterRogers.(我生長在一個吵鬧、混亂的意大利家庭，我經(jīng)常覺得自己被忽視、被忽視。我的家里充滿了喊叫，但很少有有意義的談話。我認(rèn)為沒有人關(guān)心我的想法和感受——直到我遇到羅杰斯先生)”以及第三段“Ithelpedmefeellessafraidandtaughtmethepoweroftelevisiontoaddressrealemotions.(它讓我感覺不那么害怕了，也教會了我電視表達真實情感的力量)”可知，作者的家庭環(huán)境缺乏情感聯(lián)系。故選B?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Together,theyremovedhergreenmakeup,showingthesmilingwomanunderneath.Ithelpedmefeellessafraidandtaughtmethepoweroftelevisiontoaddressrealemotions.(他們一起卸掉了她的綠色妝容，露出了下面那個微笑的女人。它讓我感覺不那么害怕了，也教會了我電視表達真實情感的力量)”可知，女演員的真實外表讓作者不那么害怕女巫。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Asanadult,IrealizedhowdeeplyMisterRogershadshapedmylife.Ibegannoticing“l(fā)ittlelifeclues”—smallactsofkindnessthatmakeabigdifference.Astranger’ssmile,afriendlycomment,orahelpinghandonaplaneremindedmeofthevaluesMisterRogerstaught:respect,kindness,andconnection.(成年后，我意識到羅杰斯先生對我的生活影響有多深。我開始注意到“生活的小線索”——微小的善舉卻能產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。一個陌生人的微笑，一句友好的評論，或者在飛機上伸出的援助之手，都讓我想起了羅杰斯先生教給我的價值觀：尊重、善良和聯(lián)系)”可知，作者在第5段提到“小生活線索”是為了說明羅杰斯先生的影響。故選A。CIt’salltooeasytoseeyourskinasjustabarrier—theexternalwallsofyourbody—whilegivingyourimmune(免疫)systemallthecreditforfightingagainstanybacteria(細(xì)菌)thatmanagetogetin.ButrecentresearchpublishedinNaturehasrevealedtheskinhasitsownimmunesystemreadytofightoffinfectionsatthepointofentry.Prof.MichaelFischbachandDr.DjenetBousbaine,bioengineersatStanfordUniversityandco-authorsofthestudy,toldBBCScienceFocus,“Ourdiscoveryallowedustodevelopneedle-freevaccines(疫苗)thatcanbedelivereddirectlytotheskinorinsidethemouthinsteadofusinganeedle.”Theideabuildsontheirexperimentsshowingthatintroducingaspeciallyengineeredbacteriatotheskinofmicestimulatedimmuneresponsesinboththebloodstreamandairwaylinings.Theseresponsesnotonlylastedforover200daysbutalsoprovidedsustainedimmuneprotectionduringthisperiod.Thediscoverycouldhelptodevelopvaccinesthatproduceantibodiesinkeytissues,suchastheinsidesofournosesandmouths.Vaccinesareusuallygivenwithaneedleintothemuscle,offeringlong-lastingprotectionthroughoutthebody.However,theyarelesseffectiveattheplaceswhereinfectionsstart,likethesurfacesinthenose,mouth,orotherbodyparts.FischbachandBousbainearguethatweakimmuneprotectionatthesesitescanstillallowvaccinatedindividualstocatchandspreaddiseases,therebyreducingtheoveralleffectivenessofvaccines.Theirnewapproachaddressesthisgapbydeliveringvaccinesdirectlytotheskinandairwayentrances,potentiallyintheformofacream.Thismethodaimstostrengthenimmunedefensesatthebody’sfirstlineofentry,allowingtheimmunesystemtotrainandactivatenecessaryresponsesrightwhereinfectionsstart.Suchvaccinescouldpreventairwayinfectionslikeflufromtakingholdbeforetheyevenenterthebody,markingasignificantsteptowardcontainingoutbreaksofseriousdiseasesbeforetheyintensifyintowidespreadinfections.28.Whatisthecommonmisunderstandingaboutskin?A.Itjustservesasabarriertovaccine. B.Itreadilyhelpsusfightoffinfections.C.Itsimplyfunctionsasaphysicalblock. D.Itmakesupthehumanimmunesystem.29.WhatismainlypresentedinParagraph3?A.Statisticanalysis. B.Experimentalevidence.C.Engineeringmodel. D.Theoreticalassumption.30.Whatistheadvantageofthenewvaccine?A.Itisefficientandhighly-targeted. B.Itisdefensiveandmuscle-specific.C.Itproducesantibodiesatafasterrate. D.Itdeactivatesresponsesintheblood.31.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SkinDiseasePrevention:AWaytoaHealthierLifeB.Cream-basedVaccine:ASolutiontoSkinDisordersC.SkinImmuneDefense:AKeytoNeedle-freeVaccinesD.SkinDiseaseTreatment:AStrategytoTackleInfection【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種皮膚免疫防御，可以直接注射到皮膚或口腔內(nèi)，而不是使用針頭，并解釋了其工作原理。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“It’salltooeasytoseeyourskinasjustabarrier—theexternalwallsofyourbody—whilegivingyourimmune(免疫)systemallthecreditforfightingagainstanybacteria(細(xì)菌)thatmanagetogetin.(人們很容易把皮膚看作是一道屏障——身體的外墻——而它卻賦予了免疫系統(tǒng)抗擊任何入侵細(xì)菌的全部榮譽)”可知，皮膚的常見誤解是認(rèn)為它只是作為一個物理塊。故選C?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theideabuildsontheirexperimentsshowingthatintroducingaspeciallyengineeredbacteriatotheskinofmicestimulatedimmuneresponsesinboththebloodstreamandairwaylinings.Theseresponsesnotonlylastedforover200daysbutalsoprovidedsustainedimmuneprotectionduringthisperiod.Thediscoverycouldhelptodevelopvaccinesthatproduceantibodiesinkeytissues,suchastheinsidesofournosesandmouths.(這個想法建立在他們的實驗基礎(chǔ)上，實驗表明，將一種特殊的工程細(xì)菌引入老鼠的皮膚，可以刺激血液和氣道內(nèi)壁的免疫反應(yīng)。這些反應(yīng)不僅持續(xù)了200多天，而且在此期間提供了持續(xù)的免疫保護。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能有助于開發(fā)在關(guān)鍵組織中產(chǎn)生抗體的疫苗，比如我們的鼻子和嘴巴內(nèi)部)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是實驗證據(jù)。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theseresponsesnotonlylastedforover200daysbutalsoprovidedsustainedimmuneprotectionduringthisperiod.(這些反應(yīng)不僅持續(xù)了200多天，而且在此期間提供了持續(xù)的免疫保護)”以及最后一段“Theirnewapproachaddressesthisgapbydeliveringvaccinesdirectlytotheskinandairwayentrances,potentiallyintheformofacream.Thismethodaimstostrengthenimmunedefensesatthebody’sfirstlineofentry,allowingtheimmunesystemtotrainandactivatenecessaryresponsesrightwhereinfectionsstart.(他們的新方法通過將疫苗直接輸送到皮膚和氣道入口，可能以乳霜的形式解決了這一空白。這種方法旨在加強人體第一道防線的免疫防御，讓免疫系統(tǒng)在感染開始的地方訓(xùn)練和激活必要的反應(yīng))”可知，這種新疫苗的優(yōu)點是效率高，針對性強。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Prof.MichaelFischbachandDr.DjenetBousbaine,bioengineersatStanfordUniversityandco-authorsofthestudy,toldBBCScienceFocus,“Ourdiscoveryallowedustodevelopneedle-freevaccines(疫苗)thatcanbedelivereddirectlytotheskinorinsidethemouthinsteadofusinganeedle.”(斯坦福大學(xué)的生物工程師邁克爾·菲施巴赫教授和杰內(nèi)特·布斯貝恩博士是這項研究的共同作者，他們告訴BBC科學(xué)聚焦：“我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)使我們能夠開發(fā)出無針疫苗，這種疫苗可以直接注射到皮膚或口腔內(nèi)，而不是使用針頭。”)”可知，文章主要介紹了一種皮膚免疫防御，可以直接注射到皮膚或口腔內(nèi)，而不是使用針頭，并解釋了其工作原理。由此可知，C選項“皮膚免疫防御：無針疫苗的關(guān)鍵”適合作文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。DOurmemories,especiallyourpositiveones,playimportantrolesinpersonalityformationanddecisionmaking.Peoplewhorecallhappy,positivememoriestendtobehappierandmorepositive.Abedtimepracticeoflookingbackonjoyfulexperiencesinyourlifecanalsoboostlifesatisfaction,accordingtoablogpostonPsychologyToday.Now,agroundbreakingstudypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencessuggeststhatoneday,itmaybepossibletoreplacebadmemorieswithgoodones,simplybysleepingonthem.Thisresearchcouldopenthedoortonewpossibilitiesforimprovingmentalwell-beingandreshapinghowweexperiencememories.Inarecentstudy,37participantswereaskedtomemorizealistofrandomwordspairedwithnegativeimagesandhadafullnight’ssleep.Thenextday,researcherspairedhalfoftherandomwordswithpositiveimages.Participantswereagainaskedtomemorizethewordsandimages.Thatnight,asparticipantsslept,researchersplayedarecordingofthewordsduringthenon-rapideyemovementsleepphase,whichisknowntoplayanimportantroleinmemorystorage.TheymeasuredthebrainactivityofparticipantsusinganEEG(腦電圖).Datashowedthatbrainactivityassociatedwithemotionalmemoryprocessingwassignificantlyhigherinresponsetothepositivewordassociations.Participantsthencompletedquestionnaires(問卷)abouttheirmemories.Researchersfoundthatthosewhotookpartinthestudyweremorelikelytorememberthepositiveimagesassociatedwiththewords,ratherthanthenegativeones.Thestudydemonstratedthatthebraincanweakennegativememoriesbyreactivatingpositiveones.However,theresearchhaslimitations,andit’sunclearifsuchanapproachwouldbeaseffectivefortraumatic(創(chuàng)傷性的)experiencesasitisformerelynegativepictures,reportedFastCompany.Still,researchershopethatfindingsfromtheinitialstudywillopenthedoorfortreatingtraumaticmemories.32.Whichcanbeinfluencedbyourmemories?A.Ourlifestyle. B.Ourresolution. C.Ourappearance. D.Ourcommunication.33.Whydidtheresearchersplayarecordingofthewords?A.Toassesstheparticipants’brainactivity. B.Tocompletequestionnairesonmemories.C.Tomeasuretheparticipants’sleepquality. D.Totransformtheparticipants’memories.34.Howdidtheresearchersdrawtheconclusion?A.Byrecordingparticipants’speech. B.Byclassifyingparticipants’emotions.C.Bycomparingparticipants’memories. D.Byobservingparticipants’eyemovement.35.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Positivepeoplehavepositivememories. B.Positivememoriesbenefitmentalwell-being.C.Negativememoriescanturnintopositiveones. D.Anewmethodisfoundtodecreasebadmemories.【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種可以減少糟糕記憶的方法，解釋了研究開展的經(jīng)過以及研究的重要意義?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ourmemories,especiallyourpositiveones,playimportantrolesinpersonalityformationanddecisionmaking.(我們的記憶，尤其是積極的記憶，在性格形成和決策過程中扮演著重要的角色。)”可知，我們的決議會受到我們記憶的影響。故選B。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thatnight,asparticipantsslept,researchersplayedarecordingofthewordsduringthenon-rapideyemovementsleepphase,whichisknowntoplayanimportantroleinmemorystorage.TheymeasuredthebrainactivityofparticipantsusinganEEG(腦電圖).Datashowedthatbrainactivityassociatedwithemotionalmemoryprocessingwassignificantlyhigherinresponsetothepositivewordassociations.(當(dāng)天晚上，當(dāng)參與者睡覺時，研究人員播放了非快速眼動睡眠階段的單詞錄音，眾所周知，這在記憶儲存中起著重要作用。他們用腦電圖（EEG）測量了參與者的大腦活動。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，與情緒記憶處理相關(guān)的大腦活動在積極詞匯聯(lián)想的反應(yīng)中明顯更高。)”可知，研究人員播放這些單詞的錄音是為了評估參與者的大腦活動。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thenextday,researcherspairedhalfoftherandomwordswithpositiveimages.(第二天，研究人員將一半的隨機單詞與積極的圖像配對。)”可知，研究人員通過比較參與者的記憶得出這個結(jié)論。故選C。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Now,agroundbreakingstudypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencessuggeststhatoneday,itmaybepossibletoreplacebadmemorieswithgoodones,simplybysleepingonthem.Thisresearchcouldopenthedoortonewpossibilitiesforimprovingmentalwell-beingandreshapinghowweexperiencememories.(現(xiàn)在，發(fā)表在《美國國家科學(xué)院院刊》上的一項開創(chuàng)性研究表明，有一天，美好的記憶可能會取代糟糕的記憶，只需要睡一覺就可以了。這項研究可能為改善心理健康和重塑我們的記憶體驗開辟新的可能性。)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種可以減少糟糕記憶的方法，解釋了研究開展的經(jīng)過以及研究的重要意義?？芍@篇文章的主旨是發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種減少糟糕記憶的新方法。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。UnderstandingBodyLanguageBylearningtorecognizethesmallcuespeoplegiveoffthroughtheirposture,gestures,andfacialexpressions,youcanbetterunderstandtheiremotionsandintentions.___36___Thus,itisapowerfultoolforcross-culturalcommunicationandbuildingrelationships.CulturaldifferencesinbodylanguageBodylanguagecanbeinterpreteddifferentlyacrosscultures.Thesevariationsarecrucialforbuildingeffectiverelationshipsinthisglobalizedworld.What’spoliteinoneculturemayseemdisrespectfulinanother.___37___Whentravelingtoanewcountryorworkingwithremoteclients,preparationiskey.Youcanaskfromaplaceofrespectfulcuriosity—whattypeofcommunicationmethodandfrequencydotheyprefer?___38___Ifyourgesturesseemexaggerated(夸張),youmightsay,“Imayhavenoticedmyusinghandsalot,butit’spartofmycultureandpersonality.Ifitdistractedyoufromanything,letmeknowsoIcanclarify.”Commonmistakeswhenreadingbodylanguage___39___Itmeansthatwereadtoomuchintowhythepersonsaidordidit.Anothermistakeismisunderstandingnonverbalcues.Forinstance,directeyecontactisseenasasignofrespectinsomecultures,whileinothers,itmaybeconsideredrude.Toavoidbodylanguagemisinterpretation