2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：氣候變化生態(tài)保護考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選詞填空要求：從每道題的四個選項中，選擇最合適的單詞填入空白處，使句子意思完整、通順。每道題只有一個正確答案。1.Therapidmeltingofpolaricecapsis______torisingglobaltemperaturesandhassignificantimplicationsforsealevelsworldwide.A.contributeB.contributedC.contributingD.contributes2.Manyscientistsarguethathumanactivities,suchasburningfossilfuelsanddeforestation,arethe______causesofclimatechange.A.primaryB.primitivelyC.primaryingD.primarily3.Coralreefs,oftencalledthe"rainforestsofthesea,"arehighly______tochangesinwatertemperatureandacidity,makingthemvulnerabletoclimate-relateddamage.A.sensitiveB.sensitivelyC.sensitivityD.sensitivized4.TheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)hasissuedseveral______toguideglobaleffortsinmitigatingclimatechangeimpacts.A.reportsB.reportingC.reportedD.reportage5.Renewableenergysourceslikewindandsolarpowerareseenas______solutionstoreducegreenhousegasemissions.A.sustainableB.sustainablyC.sustainD.sustaining6.Extremeweatherevents,suchashurricanesanddroughts,havebecomemore______infrequencyandintensityduetoclimatechange.A.commonB.commonlyC.commoningD.commonness7.Biodiversitylossisnotjusta______issuebutalsoathreattoecosystemstabilityandhumanwell-being.A.environmentallyB.environmentalC.environmentallyingD.environmentalize8.TheParisAgreementisaninternational______aimedatlimitingglobalwarmingtowellbelow2degreesCelsius.A.commitmentB.commitC.committedD.committing9.DeforestationnotonlyreleasesstoredcarbonbutalsoreducestheEarth'scapacityto______carbondioxide.A.absorbB.absorbingC.absorbsD.absorbed10.Climatechangeisalteringthe______patternsofmanyspecies,forcingthemtoadaptorfaceextinction.A.migrationB.migratoryC.migrateD.migrated二、閱讀理解要求：仔細閱讀以下短文，然后根據短文內容回答問題。每道題只有一個最佳答案。TheImpactofClimateChangeonCoastalEcosystemsCoastalecosystems,includingmangroves,saltmarshes,andcoralreefs,areamongthemostvulnerabletotheeffectsofclimatechange.Risingsealevels,drivenbythemeltingofpolaricecapsandthermalexpansionofseawater,poseasignificantthreattothesehabitats.Forinstance,mangroveforests,whichserveasnaturalbarriersagainststormsurgesandprovidebreedinggroundsfornumerousmarinespecies,arebeingsubmergedanderodedbyrisingtides.Anothercriticalissueistheincreasingfrequencyandintensityofcoastalflooding.Assealevelsrise,low-lyingcoastalareasbecomemorepronetoflooding,especiallyduringhightidesandstormevents.Thisfloodingnotonlydestroyshabitatsbutalsocontaminatesfreshwatersources,affectingbothwildlifeandhumancommunities.Coralreefsareparticularlysensitivetochangesinwatertemperatureandacidity.Warmerwaterscancausecoralbleaching,aphenomenonwherecoralslosetheirvibrantcolorsandeventuallydieifthestresspersists.Additionally,increasedcarbondioxidelevelsintheoceansleadtoacidification,whichfurtherharmscoralstructuresandthemarinelifethatdependsonthem.Effortstomitigatetheseimpactsincludetherestorationofcoastalecosystemsandtheadoptionofsustainablecoastalmanagementpractices.Forexample,plantingmangrovesandconstructingsaltmarshescanhelpabsorbcarbondioxideandreduceerosion.Moreover,implementingpoliciesthatlimitcoastaldevelopmentandprotectnaturalhabitatscancontributetotheresilienceoftheseecosystems.However,theseeffortsalonearenotsufficient.Climatechangeisaglobalissuethatrequirescoordinatedinternationalaction.TheParisAgreementandotherinternationaltreatiesaimtoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandlimitglobalwarming,butachievingthesegoalsdependsonthecommitmentofallnations.Inconclusion,theeffectsofclimatechangeoncoastalecosystemsarefar-reachinganddevastating.Withoutimmediateandsustainedaction,thesevitalhabitatsandthespeciestheysupportfaceanuncertainfuture.Itiscrucialforgovernments,scientists,andcommunitiestoworktogethertoprotectandrestoretheseecosystemsforthesakeofbothnatureandhumanity.Basedonthepassage,answerthefollowingquestions:11.Whataretheprimarythreatstocoastalecosystemsmentionedinthepassage?A.PollutionandoverfishingB.RisingsealevelsandincreasedfloodingC.DeforestationandhabitatdestructionD.Diseaseandnaturaldisasters12.Howdorisingsealevelsaffectmangroveforests?A.TheypromotegrowthandexpansionB.TheysubmergeanderodethemC.TheymakethemmoreresistanttostormsD.Theyincreasetheirbiodiversity13.Whatiscoralbleaching?A.TheprocessofcoralsadaptingtowarmerwatersB.ThedeathofcoralsduetostressfromchangesinwatertemperatureC.TheformationofnewcoralreefsD.Theincreaseincoralpopulationsduetoacidification14.Whatmeasuresarementionedtomitigatetheimpactsofclimatechangeoncoastalecosystems?A.BuildingseawallsandartificialreefsB.RestoringcoastalecosystemsandadoptingsustainablepracticesC.IncreasingcoastaldevelopmentandtourismD.Reducingfishingactivitiesandenforcingstricterregulations15.WhatisthemaingoaloftheParisAgreement?A.ToincreaseglobalwarmingtoboostagriculturalproductivityB.Tolimitglobalwarmingtowellbelow2degreesCelsiusC.TopromotetheuseoffossilfuelsD.Toeliminateallinternationaltreatiesonclimatechange三、句子填空要求：從每道題的四個選項中，選擇最合適的句子填入空白處，使文章意思完整、通順。每道題只有一個正確答案。TheEffectsofClimateChangeonWildlifeClimatechangeishavingaprofoundimpactonwildlifepopulationsaroundtheworld.Manyspeciesarestrugglingtoadapttorapidlychangingenvironmentalconditions,leadingtoconcernsaboutlong-termsurvival.Oneofthemostsignificanteffectsisthealterationofhabitats.Astemperaturesrise,thegeographicalrangesofmanyanimalsareshifting,forcingthemtomovetonewareasinsearchofsuitableconditions.Thiscanleadtoincreasedcompetitionforresourcesandpotentialconflictswithotherspecies.Anothercriticalissueisthedisruptionoffoodchains.Changesintemperatureandprecipitationpatternsaffecttheavailabilityoffoodsources,suchasplantsandinsects,whichinturnimpactstheanimalsthatdependonthem.Forexample,manybirdspeciesrelyonspecifictypesofinsectsthatarebeingaffectedbyclimatechange,leadingtoadeclineintheirpopulations.Additionally,thetimingofseasonalevents,suchasmigrationandbreeding,isbecomingincreasinglyunpredictable,furthercomplicatingtheabilityofspeciestosurvive.Insomecases,climatechangeisdirectlycausingtheextinctionofspecies.Thepolaricecapsaremeltingatanalarmingrate,destroyingthehabitatsofpolarbears,penguins,andotherice-dependentspecies.Withoutthesecrucialhabitats,theseanimalsareunabletofindfoodorreproduce,leadingtoarapiddeclineintheirpopulations.Similarly,coralreefs,whicharevitalecosystemsforavastnumberofmarinespecies,aresufferingfrombleachingeventscausedbywarmingwaters.Effortsarebeingmadetomitigatetheseimpacts.Conservationistsareworkingtocreateprotectedareasandrestorehabitatsthatareresilienttoclimatechange.Additionally,researchisbeingconductedtounderstandhowdifferentspeciesmightadapttochangingconditions.Forexample,somescientistsareexploringthepossibilityofassistedmigration,wherespeciesaremovedtonewareastoescapetheworsteffectsofclimatechange.However,theseeffortsalonearenotenough.Climatechangeisaglobalproblemthatrequiresinternationalcooperationandsignificantreductionsingreenhousegasemissions.Theconsequencesofinactionaredire,notjustforthespeciesaffectedbutforhumanityaswell.Biodiversityisessentialforecosystemstabilityandtheprovisionofservicesthatbenefithumans,suchaspollinationandwaterpurification.Withouturgentanddecisiveaction,thefutureofwildlifeisinjeopardy.Itisuptoallofustoraiseawareness,supportconservationefforts,andadvocateforpoliciesthataddresstherootcausesofclimatechange.OnlybyworkingtogethercanwehopetoprotecttheincrediblediversityoflifeonEarthandensureasustainablefutureforgenerationstocome.Fillintheblankswiththemostsuitablesentencesfromtheoptionsprovidedbelow.Eachquestionhasonlyonecorrectanswer.16.______,leadingtoincreasedcompetitionforresourcesandpotentialconflictswithotherspecies.A.Astemperaturesrise,thegeographicalrangesofmanyanimalsareshiftingB.ManybirdspeciesrelyonspecifictypesofinsectsC.ThetimingofseasonaleventsisbecomingincreasinglyunpredictableD.Climatechangeisdirectlycausingtheextinctionofspecies17.______,whichinturnimpactstheanimalsthatdependonthem.A.ChangesintemperatureandprecipitationpatternsaffecttheavailabilityoffoodsourcesB.ThepolaricecapsaremeltingatanalarmingrateC.CoralreefsaresufferingfrombleachingeventsD.Conservationistsareworkingtocreateprotectedareas18.______,leadingtoarapiddeclineintheirpopulations.A.Withoutthesecrucialhabitats,theseanimalsareunabletofindfoodorreproduceB.ManyspeciesarestrugglingtoadapttorapidlychangingenvironmentalconditionsC.TheconsequencesofinactionaredireD.Itisuptoallofustoraiseawareness19.______,wherespeciesaremovedtonewareastoescapetheworsteffectsofclimatechange.A.AssistedmigrationisbeingexploredasapotentialsolutionB.ResearchisbeingconductedtounderstandhowdifferentspeciesmightadaptC.ConservationistsareworkingtocreateprotectedareasD.Thefutureofwildlifeisinjeopardy20.______,suchaspollinationandwaterpurification.A.BiodiversityisessentialforecosystemstabilityB.ClimatechangeisaglobalproblemthatrequiresinternationalcooperationC.Withouturgentanddecisiveaction,thefutureofwildlifeisinjeopardyD.Itisuptoallofustoraiseawareness四、判斷題要求：閱讀以下陳述，判斷其是否符合文章內容。每道題只有一個正確答案，正確用“T”表示，錯誤用“F”表示。21.Thepassageprimarilyfocusesontheeconomicimpactsofclimatechangeoncoastalcommunities.F22.Coralreefsarementionedasavulnerableecosystemaffectedbyclimatechange.T23.TheParisAgreementaimstoincreaseglobalwarmingtopromoteagriculturalproductivity.F24.Thepassagesuggeststhatallspeciesarecapableofadaptingtoclimatechangewithouthumanintervention.F25.Theauthorbelievesthatinternationalcooperationisessentialtoaddressthechallengesofclimatechange.T26.Thedisruptionoffoodchainsisnotmentionedasaneffectofclimatechangeonwildlife.F27.Thepassagehighlightstheimportanceofbiodiversityforecosystemstabilityandhumanwell-being.T28.Assistedmigrationispresentedasaguaranteedsolutiontosaveendangeredspecies.F29.Theauthorarguesthatindividualactionsaresufficienttomitigatetheeffectsofclimatechange.F30.Thepassagementionsspecificexamplesofhowclimatechangeisaffectingwildlifepopulations.T五、簡答題要求：根據文章內容，簡要回答以下問題。每道題的答案應簡潔明了，不超過一句話。31.Whatarethemainthreatstocoastalecosystemsmentionedinthepassage?Risingsealevelsandincreasedflooding.32.Howdorisingsealevelsaffectmangroveforests?Theysubmergeanderodethem.33.Whatiscoralbleaching?Thedeathofcoralsduetostressfromchangesinwatertemperature.34.Whatmeasuresarementionedtomitigatetheimpactsofclimatechangeoncoastalecosystems?Restoringcoastalecosystemsandadoptingsustainablepractices.35.WhatisthemaingoaloftheParisAgreement?Tolimitglobalwarmingtowellbelow2degreesCelsius.36.Howisclimatechangeaffectingwildlifepopulations?Itisalteringtheirhabitatsanddisruptingfoodchains.37.Whatisoneexampleofaspeciesmentionedasbeingaffectedbyclimatechange?Polarbears.38.Whyareprotectedareasimportantinthecontextofclimatechange?Theyhelppreservehabitatsthatareresilienttoclimatechange.39.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofwildlifewithouturgentaction?Itisinjeopardy.40.Whatisonewaythathumansbenefitfrombiodiversity?Ecosystemstabilityandprovisionofserviceslikepollinationandwaterpurification.本次試卷答案如下一、選詞填空1.C解析：句子需要謂語動詞的現在分詞形式，表示“融化與全球變暖的關系是導致”。contribute是動詞原形，contributed是過去式，contributes是第三人稱單數現在式，只有contributing符合現在分詞用法。2.A解析：句子需要形容詞作表語，表示“人類活動是氣候變化的主要原因”。primary意為“主要的”，符合句意。primitively是副詞，不適用；primarying不是單詞；primarily是副詞，意為“主要地”，但這里需要形容詞。3.A解析：句子需要形容詞作表語，表示“珊瑚礁對水溫變化和酸堿度很敏感”。sensitive意為“敏感的”，符合句意。sensitively是副詞，不適用；sensitivity是名詞，不適用；sensitivized不是標準單詞。4.A解析：句子需要一個名詞作賓語，表示“IPOCC發(fā)布了一系列什么來指導全球努力”。reports意為“報告”，符合句意。reporting是動名詞或現在分詞，reported是過去式，reportage不是標準名詞。5.A解析：句子需要一個形容詞作表語，表示“風能和太陽能被視為可持續(xù)的解決方案”。sustainable意為“可持續(xù)的”，符合句意。sustainably是副詞，不適用；sustain是動詞，不適用；sustaining是現在分詞，不適用。6.A解析：句子需要一個形容詞作表語，表示“極端天氣事件由于氣候變化變得更加常見”。common意為“常見的”，符合句意。commonly是副詞，不適用；commoning不是單詞；commonness是名詞，不適用。7.B解析：句子需要一個形容詞作表語，表示“生物多樣性喪失不僅是一個環(huán)境問題”。environmental意為“環(huán)境的”，符合句意。environmentally是副詞，不適用；environmentallying不是單詞；environmentalize不是單詞。8.A解析：句子需要一個名詞作賓語，表示“《巴黎協(xié)定》是一個什么旨在將全球變暖限制在遠低于2攝氏度”。commitment意為“承諾”，符合句意。commit是動詞原形，committed是過去式或形容詞，committing是現在分詞，不適用。9.A解析：句子需要一個動詞原形作賓語補足語，表示“森林砍伐不僅釋放儲存的碳，還減少了地球吸收二氧化碳的能力”。absorb是動詞原形，符合句意。absorbing是現在分詞，absorbs是第三人稱單數，absorbed是過去式或過去分詞。10.A解析：句子需要一個形容詞作表語，表示“氣候變化正在改變許多物種的遷徙模式”。migration是名詞，migratory是形容詞，migrate是動詞，migrated是過去式或過去分詞。只有migration符合句子結構。二、閱讀理解11.B解析：根據文章第一段，Risingsealevels,drivenbythemeltingofpolaricecapsandthermalexpansionofseawater,poseasignificantthreattothesehabitats.以及第二段，Assealevelsrise,low-lyingcoastalareasbecomemorepronetoflooding,especiallyduringhightidesandstormevents.可知，海平面上升和洪水頻發(fā)是沿海生態(tài)系統(tǒng)面臨的主要威脅。12.B解析：根據文章第一段，Therapidmeltingofpolaricecapsis______torisingglobaltemperaturesandhassignificantimplicationsforsealevelsworldwide.以及后面提到的，mangroveforestsarebeingsubmergedanderodedbyrisingtides.可知，海平面上升導致紅樹林被淹沒和侵蝕。13.B解析：根據文章第三段，Coralreefsareparticularlysensitivetochangesinwatertemperatureandacidity.Warmerwaterscancausecoralbleaching,aphenomenonwherecoralslosetheirvibrantcolorsandeventuallydieifthestresspersists.可知，珊瑚白化是珊瑚因水溫變化而失去顏色甚至死亡的現象。14.B解析：根據文章第四段，Effortstomitigatetheseimpactsincludetherestorationofcoastalecosystemsandtheadoptionofsustainablecoastalmanagementpractices.可知，恢復沿海生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和采用可持續(xù)的沿海管理實踐是緩解氣候變化對沿海生態(tài)系統(tǒng)影響的方法。15.B解析：根據文章最后一段前兩句，TheParisAgreementandotherinternationaltreatiesaimtoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandlimitglobalwarming,butachievingthesegoalsdependsonthecommitmentofallnations.可知，《巴黎協(xié)定》旨在將全球變暖限制在遠低于2攝氏度。16.A解析：根據文章第二段，Astemperaturesrise,thegeographicalrangesofmanyanimalsareshifting,forcingthemtomovetonewareasinsearchofsuitableconditions.這句話說明了隨著溫度升高，許多動物的地理分布范圍正在變化，迫使它們遷移到新的地區(qū)尋找適宜的條件，這會導致資源競爭加劇和與其他物種的潛在沖突。17.A解析：根據文章第二段，Changesintemperatureandprecipitationpatternsaffecttheavailabilityoffoodsources,suchasplantsandinsects,whichinturnimpactstheanimalsthatdependonthem.這句話說明了溫度和降水模式的變化會影響食物來源（如植物和昆蟲）的可用性，進而影響依賴這些食物的動物。18.A解析：根據文章第三段，Withoutthesecrucialhabitats,theseanimalsareunabletofindfoodorreproduce,leadingtoarapiddeclineintheirpopulations.這句話說明了如果沒有這些關鍵的棲息地，這些動物將無法找到食物或繁殖，導致其種群迅速衰退。19.A解析：根據文章第四段，Assistedmigrationisbeingexploredasapotentialsolution,wherespeciesaremov