山東省青島市2025屆高三下學(xué)期5月三模英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inanoffice.【答案】B【原文】W:I’mnotsureaboutthesecakes.IfeellikeIcanmakebetteronesathome.M:Well,thisplacejustopenedup,sotheyarestilltryingtoworkouttheirmenu.Saveyourfoodforme.I’lltakeittotheofficetomorrow.2.Whatwillthewomandoduringtheweekend?A.Workovertime. B.Haveameeting. C.Dosomereading.【答案】C【原文】W:Edward,Ican’tbelievewehavetoworkovertheweekend.M:Didn’tyouhearthenews?Themeetingfortheprojectgotcanceled.Noworkthisweekendafterall!W:Awesome!Now,I’llhaveachancetocatchuponmylatestbook.3.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Sendtheemailaddress. B.Turnhercomputeroff. C.ContactTombyemail.【答案】A【原文】M:DoyouknowTom’semailaddress?W:Icouldn’ttellyouoffthetopofmyhead,butIhaveitinmycontactlistonmycomputer.Thecomputerhasn’tbeenswitchedon.CanIsendittoyoulater?M:Sure.Thatwouldbegreat.Thanks.4.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.MoveCDsoutofthecorner.B.KeepCDsinfrontofthewindow.C.ProtectCDsfromsunlightexposure.【答案】C【原文】W:Youknow,I’vebeennoticingmyCDssoundverystrange.M:Maybeinsteadofkeepingtheminfrontofthewindow,youshouldmovethemintothecorner.Youknowwhatthesuncando.5.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutridingherbicycletoworktoday?A.Regretful. B.Relaxed. C.Tired.【答案】A【原文】M:Don’ttellmeyourodeyourbicycletoworktoday.W:Idid.Iprobablyshouldn’thave.M:Youdoknowit’s18degreesbelowfreezing,right?W:Oh,believeme.Iamawarenow.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Brotherandsister. C.Teacherandstudent.7.WhatdoesHenryplantodotomorrow?A.Borrowahandbook. B.Attendawedding. C.Reviewhisnotes.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:Susan,doyouknowtherulesaboutbeingabsentfromaclass?W:Well,accordingtowhatIreadinthestudenthandbook,casesofunexpectedabsencemayloweryourgradebyfivepercent.M:That’sbad.ThenI’dbetterinformProfessorMilleraboutmyabsencetomorrow.W:Bytheway,whyareyougoingtoskipclass,Henry?M:Mysisterisgettingmarriedtomorrow:Ireallywanttobepresent.W:Well,tellmeifyouwanttousemynotesfortheclass.M:Iwill.Thankyou,Susan.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Shoppingonline. B.Recommendingbooks. C.Inquiringaboutprices.9.Whatisthebookmainlyabout?A.Animals’habitats. B.Naturalscenery. C.Children’sstories.10.Howmuchwillthewomanpayfortheusedbook?A.$30. B.$7.5. C.$15.【答案】8.A9.A10.B【原文】M:Whatareyoudoinginthebedroom,honey?W:I’mchoosingsomebooksforMarkonAmazon.AndIthinkhe’llbeinterestedinreadingthisbook.M:Whatisitabout?W:Well,inthisbookchildrencanlearnaboutwheredifferentanimalslive.Ithinkthisisaperfectearlynaturelessonforyoungchildreninearlygradesorkindergartenandcanbecombinedwithanaturewalktofinddifferentanimalhomes.M:Howmuchisit?W:Anewcopycosts15dollars,butIdecidetobuyausedone.Ionlyneedtopayhalfthatmuchforit.Andthebookisentirelynew.M:Good.So,haveyouchosenallthebooks?W:No.Therearestillsometopick.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatisthemandoing?A.Bookingaticket. B.Conductingasurvey. C.Askingforinformation.12.Whatcanpeopledointhefoodfestival?A.Tastefoodforfree. B.Learnlocalfoodculture. C.Attendfoodworkshops.13.WhatmusicwillbeenjoyedonSaturday?A.Rockmusic. B.Folkmusic. C.BeijingOpera.【答案】11.C12.A13.B【原文】W:TheHollywoodParkbookingoffice.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Couldyoutellmewhat’sonthisweekend?W:Well,wehavesomestreetperformances,anoutdoorconcertandafoodfestivalwhereyoucantastesomelocalfood.M:Wow.Thefoodfestivalmustbeagoodchoice.W:Yeah.Therewillbeseveralstoreswithdishesfromallovertheworld.Youonlyneedtopay￡10toenterthefoodsection.Somestoreswillgiveyoufreefoodtotasteandallofthemwillhavefoodforsale.M:￡10?Thatsoundsquitecheap.Whataboutthemusic?W:It’smostlyjazzonSaturday.Thereare7or8groupsplayingsomefolkmusic.OnSundayyoucanlistentotheBeijingOpera.Andthere’snochargeforthemusic.M:Anyrockmusic?I’mcrazyaboutit.W:Sorry,maybenextweekend.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.WhatisJustintryingtobe?A.Ajournalist. B.Astoryteller. C.Aphotographer.15.Whatdoesagoodnosemean?A.Theabilitytojudgewhetherastoryistrue.B.Theabilitytokeepinmindthedeadline.C.Theabilitytotakedetailednotesquickly.16.Whyislisteningcarefullyimportant?A.Towintheinterviewees’trust.B.Toprepareforthefollowingquestions.C.Tocollectsupportingevidence.17.Whatisthewomanlike?A.Curious. B.Helpful. C.Strict.【答案】14.A15.A16.B17.B【原文】W:Welcome!We’redelightedyou’recomingtoworkwithus,Justin.Yourfirstjobherewillbeanassistantjournalist.M:CanIgooutonastoryimmediately?W:That’sadmirable,butI’mafraiditwouldbeunusual.Waittillyou’remoreexperienced.M:WhatdoIneedtotakewithme?Ireallyhaveanotebookandcamera.W:Noneedforacamera.You’llhaveaprofessionalphotographerwithyou.M:WhatdoIneedtorememberwhenIgoouttocoverastory?W:Youneedtobecurious.Onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow.Wesayagoodjournalistmusthaveagoodnoseforastory.Thatmeansyoumustbeabletoassesswhenpeoplearenottellingthewholetruthandthentrytodiscoverit.Youmustuseresearchtofindoutthemissingpartsofthestory.M:WhatshouldIkeepinmind?W:Herecomesmylistofdosanddon’ts—don’tmissyourdeadline;don’tberude;don’ttalktoomuch;butmakesureyoulistentotheintervieweecarefully.M:Whyislisteningsoimportant?W:Well,youhavetolistenfordetailedfacts.Meanwhile,youhavetopreparethenextquestion,dependingonwhatthepersonsays.M:ButhowcanIlistencarefullywhiletakingnotes?W:Iftheintervieweeagrees,youcanusearecordertogetthefactsstraight.It’salsouseful.Ifapersonwantstochallengeyou,youhavetheevidencetosupportyourstory.M:Isee.I’mlookingforwardtomyfirstassignmentnow.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.Whatisthemeetingmainlyabout?A.Holdingthechairmanelection.B.Schedulingthedepartmentmeeting.C.Planningthegraduationceremony.19.Whatdothelistenersneedtodonow?A.Fillintheinformation.B.Breakupintogroups.C.Writedowntheirquestions.20.Whenwillthenextmeetingbeheld?A.Wednesday. B.Friday. C.Sunday.【答案】18.C19.A20.B【原文】W:Quiet,please!MayIhaveallyourattention?Weneedtogetthismeetingstartedbecausewehavealottodobeforegraduation.ThankyouallforelectingmeasyourchairmanandIwilldomybesttomakesurewehaveagreatgraduationceremony.Ijustneedyourhelptogeteverythingrunningsmoothly.Youallhavebeenselectedbyyourdepartmentstoplanthegraduation.Youshouldallfeelhonoredthatyourclassmatesthoughtsohighlyofyou.RightnowasheetofpaperisgoingaroundthatIneedyoualltofillout.Pleasewritedownyourname,telephonenumber,andwhatpartofthegraduationyouwouldliketohelporganize.Pleasekeepinmindthatallpartsofthegraduationrequireagreatdealoftimeanddevotion.Sopleaseonlysignupforapartthatyouhavetimefor.Whenyouhavesignedthepaperwithyourname,telephonenumberandpart,pleaseplacethepaperonmydesk.Atournextmeetingintwodays,wewillbreakupintogroupsandgettoworkoneverything.Startthinkingabouthowyouwanttoorganizeyoursmallgroupsbeforethen.OK.That’sallfromme.SeeyouonFriday.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheWorldMeteorologicalOrganization(WMO)isexcitedtoannouncethelaunchofits2026calendarphotographycompetition.It’slookingforhigh-quality,meaningfulphotographsthatillustratethepowerofnatureandtheurgentneedtoprotectourbeautifulplanet.ThewinningphotographswillbefeaturedintheprintedWMO2026Calendar.JudgingCriteria·Illustrationoftheimpact—bothpositiveandnegative—ofweather,climate,andwateronpeopleallovertheworld·Technicalquality,clarity,andcomposition·VisualimpactWMOwillmakeaninitialselectionofabout75photographs,basedontechnicalandartisticexcellence.TheshortlistedphotoswillbepublishedonFacebook,InstagramandFlickr,makingitconvenientforourfollowerstovotefortheirfavorites.TheWMOcouncilwillhavethefinalsayonthephotosforinclusioninthecalendarbasedonthesocialmediavotesandthegeographicalbalance.HowtoenterTakeastrikingphotothatmeetsoursubmissionguidelines.EnteryourphotographintothecompetitionbyusingourdedicatedEntryForm.Photographersmaysubmitmultipleentries,butonlyonephotocanbeincludedinthefinalcalendar.Therewillbe13photosincludedinthecalendar.Notes·ThedeadlineforentryisJune15th,2025.·Nocashprizewillbeofferedtowinnersofthephotocontest.21.Whatisthethemeofthephotographycompetition?A.Planetaryexploration. B.Sustainablelivingpractices.C.Creativityandbreakthrough. D.Naturalbeautyandconservation.22.Whatfactorswillbeconsideredwhendecidingonthewinningphotographs?A.Emotionalimpact. B.On-sitevotingresults.C.Regionalcoverage. D.Geographers’comments.23.Whatcanweknowaboutthecompetition?A.EntriescanbesubmitteduntilJuly.B.Cashprizeswillbemadeavailable.C.Eachphotographersubmitsonlyonephoto.D.Winnerscanseetheirphotosinthecalendar.【答案】21.D22.C23.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界氣象組織（WMO）2026年日歷攝影比賽的相關(guān)信息?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“It’slookingforhigh-quality,meaningfulphotographsthatillustratethepowerofnatureandtheurgentneedtoprotectourbeautifulplanet.(它正在尋找高質(zhì)量、有意義的照片，以展示大自然的力量和保護(hù)我們美麗星球的迫切需要。)”可知，攝影比賽的主題是自然之美和保護(hù)。故選D?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JudgingCriteria部分“TheWMOcouncilwillhavethefinalsayonthephotosforinclusioninthecalendarbasedonthesocialmediavotesandthegeographicalbalance.(世界氣象組織理事會將根據(jù)社交媒體投票和地域平衡，對入選日歷的照片做出最終決定。)”可知，在決定獲獎?wù)掌瑫r，會考慮地域覆蓋范圍。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Howtoenter部分“Photographersmaysubmitmultipleentries,butonlyonephotocanbeincludedinthefinalcalendar.(攝影師可以提交多幅作品，但最終日歷中只能包含一張照片。)”可知，獲獎?wù)呖梢栽谌諝v上看到自己的照片。故選D。BWhenIwasyoung,myfamilytreatedeveryvacationasalessoninculture.Weskippedbeachesandamusementparks,headinginsteadtocastles,museums,andancientruins.Irememberbeingten,standingbeforea500-year-oldpainting,secretlywishingIwereataswimmingpool.Asanadult,Icarriedonthistradition.Whenplanningtrips,Igatheredguidebooks,eagertoexploreeveryculturalsite.IfeltitwasmydutytoabsorbasmuchaspossibleabouttheplacesIvisited.Thismindsetshapedmytravels,yetitoftenmadethemtenseandhurried.Iwasconstantlyrushingfromonelandmarktoanother,tryingtostuffinfactsandhistory,frequentlyforgettingtosimplyappreciatethemoment.However,everythingchangedonashorttriptoBequia,asmallislandintheCaribbean.Iarrivedwiththeusualexpectationsbutsoonrealizedtherewerenofamousmuseumsorhistoriclandmarkstoexplore.Instead,therewerepeacefulbeaches,calmcrystal-clearwaters,andwarm,welcominglocals.Atfirst,thisfeltunfamiliarandevendisappointing.Igrewrestlesswithboredom,strugglingtofillmydayswiththekindofmeaningfulactivitiesIwasusedto.Asthedayspassed,Igraduallyletgooftheneedto“dosomethingimportant.”Ibegantodelightinsimplepleasures:readingbookspurelyforenjoyment,wanderingalongthesandyshorewithoutaplan,andwatchingtheoceanwavesrollinwithoutoverthinkingtheirmeaning.Forthefirsttime,Ifelttrulyrelaxed.Iexperiencedthequietjoyofsimplybeingpresent,freefrompressureorexpectations.Bytheendofmystay,Iunderstoodsomethingvital:traveldoesn’talwayshavetobeaboutlearningorsightseeing.Sometimes,itsgreatestgiftisfoundinembracingthemomentandenablingyourselftoexperiencestillness.Ireturnedhomewithafreshinsightthattruetravelisnotjustaboutdiscoveringtheworldoutside,butalsoaboutuncoveringadeeperpeacewithin.24.Howdidtheauthorfindthetravelinhischildhood?A.Inlinewithhisinterests. B.Centeredonfamilybonds.C.Morelikeaculturalduty. D.Filledwithexpectations.25.WhydidtheauthorfeeluneasywhenhearrivedatBequia?A.Theislandwassmallandcrowded.B.Therewerenoexpectedlandmarks.C.Itwashardtocommunicatewithlocals.D.Hehadn’tplannedhisdailyactivitiesinadvance.26.WhatdidthetriptoBequiahelptheauthorrealize?A.Shorttripsbringlesscomfort.B.Planningensuresperfectvacations.C.Cultureismorepowerfulthannature.D.Truetravelincludesmomentsofstillness.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AChildhoodofCulturalTravel.B.TheJourneyWithoutaGuidebook.C.MemoriesofMuseumsandCastles.D.TheSearchforMeaningfulJourneys.【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述作者從童年到成年執(zhí)著于文化旅行，最終在加勒比小島學(xué)會享受旅行中的寧靜時刻?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenIwasyoung,myfamilytreatedeveryvacationasalessoninculture.Weskippedbeachesandamusementparks,headinginsteadtocastles,museums,andancientruins.(小時候，我的家人把每一次度假都當(dāng)作一堂文化課。我們不去海灘和游樂園，而是去城堡、博物館和古代遺跡。)”及第二段中的“IfeltitwasmydutytoabsorbasmuchaspossibleabouttheplacesIvisited.(我覺得盡可能多地了解我所訪問的地方是我的責(zé)任。)”可知，作者童年的旅行更像是一種文化責(zé)任。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Iarrivedwiththeusualexpectationsbutsoonrealizedtherewerenofamousmuseumsorhistoriclandmarkstoexplore.Instead,therewerepeacefulbeaches,calmcrystal-clearwaters,andwarm,welcominglocals.Atfirst,thisfeltunfamiliarandevendisappointing.Igrewrestlesswithboredom,strugglingtofillmydayswiththekindofmeaningfulactivitiesIwasusedto.(我?guī)е匠５钠诖齺淼搅诉@里，但很快發(fā)現(xiàn)這里并沒有著名的博物館或歷史地標(biāo)可供游覽。取而代之的是寧靜的海灘、清澈平靜的海水，以及熱情好客的當(dāng)?shù)厝?。起初，這一切讓我感到陌生，甚至有些失望。我變得焦躁無聊，難以找到過去習(xí)慣的那種有意義的活動來充實(shí)我的每一天。)”可知，作者在貝基亞島感到不安是因?yàn)闆]有預(yù)期的地標(biāo)建筑。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Bytheendofmystay,Iunderstoodsomethingvital:traveldoesn’talwayshavetobeaboutlearningorsightseeing.Sometimes,itsgreatestgiftisfoundinembracingthemomentandenablingyourselftoexperiencestillness.(在停留快結(jié)束時，我明白了一個重要的道理：旅行并不總是必須關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)或觀光。有時，它最大的禮物在于擁抱當(dāng)下，讓自己體驗(yàn)寧靜。)”可知，這次旅行讓作者意識到真正的旅行包括寧靜時刻。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是尾段中的“Bytheendofmystay,Iunderstoodsomethingvital:traveldoesn’talwayshavetobeaboutlearningorsightseeing.Sometimes,itsgreatestgiftisfoundinembracingthemomentandenablingyourselftoexperiencestillness.(到我旅程結(jié)束時，我明白了至關(guān)重要的一點(diǎn)：旅行并不總是關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)或觀光。有時候，它最珍貴的饋贈在于擁抱當(dāng)下，讓自己體驗(yàn)寧靜與安詳。)”可知，全文圍繞作者放棄傳統(tǒng)“文化打卡式”旅行模式，在沒有指南書和地標(biāo)的小島上學(xué)會享受旅行本質(zhì)展開，所以“沒有指南書的旅程”既象征脫離既定行程的束縛，也暗示對旅行本真的探索，最適合作為標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。CInthedigitalage,teenagersarefacingachallengethathasneverhappened—theconstantbattlefortheirattention.A2023studypublishedintheJournalofAdolescentHealthrevealsthattheaverageteenagerswitchesbetweendigitaltasksevery19seconds,resultingina40%declineinmentalprocessesofunderstandingcomparedtofocusedwork.Continuouspartialattention,termedbyresearchers,occurswhenindividualsattempttomonitormultipledigitalstreamstogetherwithoutfullyconcentratingonanysingleone.Unlikepurposefulmultitasking,thisstateleavesteenagersinarepeatedconditionofmentaloverload.ProfessorLindaStone,whofirstidentifiedthebehavior,explains,“It’snotthatteenscan’tfocus–it’sthattheirfocusisalwaysdivided.”Theneurological(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的)impactsareparticularlyconcerningduringtheteenageyears,acriticalperiodforbraindevelopment.MRIscans(掃描)demonstratethatheavymediamultitaskersshowlessdensegraymatterintheanteriorcingulatecortex(ACC),thebrainregionresponsibleforemotionalcontrolanddecision-making.A2021Stanfordstudyrevealedthatteenswhoengagedinfrequentmediamultitaskinghad15%weakerACCactivationduringtaskscomparedtothosewhofocusedonsingletasks.Thisphysicalchangecorrelateswithincreasedanxietylevelsanddecreasedacademicperformanceobservedinnumerouscasestudies.However,thesolutionisn’tassimpleasremovingtechnologyentirely.Digitalliteracy(讀寫能力)expertDr.MarkPrenskyarguesthatdigitalnativesprocessinformationdifferentlythanpreviousgenerations.Insteadofremovingdevices,educatorsshouldteach“attentionliteracy”—theskillofconsciouslychoosingwhenandhowtoengagewithtechnology.Someschoolsexperimentwithfocustrainingandtheyreport30%improvementsinstudents’sustainedattentiondurationwithinsixmonths.Parentsplayanequallycrucialrole.Onewaytosupportthisistoestablish“protectedspaces”inhomeswheredevicesaresetaside,allowingforuninterruptedface-to-facecommunication.Thegoalisn’ttoblametechnologyblindlybuttohelpteensdevelopthewisdomtouseitintentionally.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“mentaloverload”inparagraph2referto?A.Constantlyswitchingtasks. B.Strugglingtostayfocused.C.Takingintoomuchatonce. D.Feelingemotionallyexhausted.29.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.HowMRIscansareusedtostudythebrain.B.Howavoidingscreensbenefitsbrainhealth.C.Whymediamultitaskingincreasesteenanxiety.D.Howmediamultitaskingaffectstheteenagebrain.30.Whydoestheauthormentionschoolsexperimentingwithfocustraining?A.Tocriticizethecurrenttrend.B.Tosupportaproposedsolution.C.Towarnagainsttechnologyoveruse.D.Tointroducechangesinmoderneducation.31.Whyis“protectedspaces”inhomessuggested?A.Tosupportparentalmonitoring. B.Topromotemindfultechhabits.C.Toimproveacademicperformance. D.Toincreasefamilytimeondigitaldevices.【答案】28.B29.D30.B31.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章圍繞數(shù)字時代青少年面臨的注意力挑戰(zhàn)展開，對青少年在數(shù)字環(huán)境下注意力分散的現(xiàn)象、產(chǎn)生原因、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的負(fù)面影響以及應(yīng)對措施等方面進(jìn)行了說明?！?8題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Continuouspartialattention,termedbyresearchers,occurswhenindividualsattempttomonitormultipledigitalstreamstogetherwithoutfullyconcentratingonanysingleone.Unlikepurposefulmultitasking,thisstateleavesteenagersinarepeatedconditionofmentaloverload.(研究人員所稱的“持續(xù)性部分注意力”狀態(tài)，指的是人們試圖同時監(jiān)控多個數(shù)字信息流，卻無法完全專注于任何一個。與有目的的多任務(wù)處理不同，這種狀態(tài)使青少年反復(fù)陷入……。)”可推測，“持續(xù)性部分注意力”狀態(tài)下，青少年試圖同時處理多個數(shù)字信息流，導(dǎo)致大腦無法專注于一個信息流。“mentaloverload”指的是無法專注。故選B?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Theneurological(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的)impactsareparticularlyconcerningduringtheteenageyears,acriticalperiodforbraindevelopment.MRIscans(掃描)demonstratethatheavymediamultitaskersshowlessdensegraymatterintheanteriorcingulatecortex(ACC),thebrainregionresponsibleforemotionalcontrolanddecision-making.A2021Stanfordstudyrevealedthatteenswhoengagedinfrequentmediamultitaskinghad15%weakerACCactivationduringtaskscomparedtothosewhofocusedonsingletasks.Thisphysicalchangecorrelateswithincreasedanxietylevelsanddecreasedacademicperformanceobservedinnumerouscasestudies.(在青少年大腦發(fā)育的關(guān)鍵時期，這種對神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的影響尤其令人擔(dān)憂。核磁共振成像掃描顯示，重度媒體多任務(wù)處理者的前扣帶回皮層（ACC，負(fù)責(zé)情緒控制和決策的大腦區(qū)域）灰質(zhì)密度較低。斯坦福大學(xué)2021年的一項(xiàng)研究表明，頻繁進(jìn)行媒體多任務(wù)處理的青少年在完成任務(wù)時，前扣帶回皮層的活躍度比專注單任務(wù)的同齡人低15%。在眾多案例研究中，這種生理變化與焦慮水平升高和學(xué)業(yè)成績下降相關(guān)。)”可知，第三段首先提出青少年時期是大腦發(fā)育的關(guān)鍵期，多任務(wù)處理對神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的影響尤其令人擔(dān)憂，隨后通過MRI掃描和斯坦福大學(xué)研究，具體說明重度媒體多任務(wù)處理如何導(dǎo)致大腦結(jié)構(gòu)（前扣帶回皮層灰質(zhì)密度降低）和功能（活躍度下降）的變化，并關(guān)聯(lián)到焦慮和學(xué)業(yè)問題。全段圍繞媒體多任務(wù)處理對青少年大腦的影響展開。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“However,thesolutionisn’tassimpleasremovingtechnologyentirely.Digitalliteracy(讀寫能力)expertDr.MarkPrenskyarguesthatdigitalnativesprocessinformationdifferentlythanpreviousgenerations.Insteadofremovingdevices,educatorsshouldteach“attentionliteracy”-theskillofconsciouslychoosingwhenandhowtoengagewithtechnology.Someschoolsexperimentwithfocustrainingandtheyreport30%improvementsinstudents’sustainedattentiondurationwithinsixmonths.(然而，解決方案并非簡單地完全移除科技產(chǎn)品。數(shù)字素養(yǎng)專家MarkPrensky博士認(rèn)為，數(shù)字原住民處理信息的方式與前幾代人不同。教育者不應(yīng)禁止使用電子設(shè)備，而應(yīng)教授“注意力素養(yǎng)”——即有意識地選擇何時以及如何使用科技的技能。一些學(xué)校嘗試進(jìn)行專注力訓(xùn)練，結(jié)果顯示，學(xué)生的持續(xù)注意力時長在六個月內(nèi)提高了30%。)”可知，第四段開篇指出解決方案并非完全移除科技，隨后引用專家觀點(diǎn)提出應(yīng)教授注意力素養(yǎng)，并以學(xué)校進(jìn)行專注力訓(xùn)練為例，說明該方法使學(xué)生注意力時長提升30%。這一案例是為了支持前文提出的解決方案（培養(yǎng)注意力管理技能而非禁止設(shè)備），證明其有效性。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Onewaytosupportthisistoestablish“protectedspaces”inhomeswheredevicesaresetaside,allowingforuninterruptedface-to-facecommunication.Thegoalisn’ttoblametechnologyblindlybuttohelpteensdevelopthewisdomtouseitintentionally.(一種可行的支持方式是在家中設(shè)立“無設(shè)備空間”，將電子設(shè)備擱置一旁，以便進(jìn)行不受干擾的面對面交流。我們的目標(biāo)不是盲目指責(zé)科技，而是幫助青少年培養(yǎng)有意識、有智慧地使用科技的能力。)”可知，設(shè)立“無設(shè)備空間”的目的是讓青少年暫時放下設(shè)備，進(jìn)行專注的人際交流，從而培養(yǎng)有意識、有節(jié)制地使用科技的習(xí)慣。故選B。DAsoffshorewindfarmsareexpandingaroundtheworldintheracetomeetnetzeroclimatetargets,aworryingphenomenonisattractinggrowingattention:insomeconditions,windfarmscan“steal”eachother’swind.“Whenwindturbines(渦輪)operate,theytakeenergyfromthewindtoproduceelectricity,”explainsPeterBaas,aresearcherataDutchrenewableenergycompany.Hesayswindslowsdownbehindeachturbineandbehindthewholewindfarmcomparedtothewindinfront,andthiscausesthewake(尾流)effect.Thisreductioninwindspeedcanaffectnotonlythewindconditionswithinthewindfarmbutalsoextendbeyondit.Undercertainweatherconditions,thewakecanstretchover100kilometers,influencingtheperformanceofwindfarmslocateddownstream.Thisissueisnotjusttheoretical.IntheUK,researchersareexamininghowwakeeffectsmightimpactthecountry’swindpowergenerationby2030.AccordingtoDr.PablofromtheUniversityofManchester,thousandsofnewwindturbines—withblades(葉片)over100meters—areexpectedtobebuiltbythen.Whilelargerturbinescapturemoreenergy,theirextendedwakezonescanreducedownstreamturbineefficiencybydisruptingwindflow.Asmorewindfarmsarebuilt,thisproblemcouldgrowandreducetotalenergyproduction.Currently,wake-relatedconflictsarehappeningmainlywithinindividualcountries.However,inthefuture,theymaycrossnationalborders.Forexample,awindfarminonecountrymightaffectanothercountry’swindfarmifplacednearby.Therefore,expertsarecallingforbettercooperationbetweennations,especiallyinEurope.Somesuggestthatwindshouldbemanagedlikeothersharedmarineresources,suchasfishoroil.Ifclearrulesaremade,andcountriesplantogether,conflictscanbeavoided.Whileoffshorewindiskeytofightingclimatechange,thewakeeffectisatechnicalandpoliticalchallengethatneedscarefulplanning.Researchersbelievethatwithbettermodels,internationalcooperation,andsmartpolicies,thisproblemcanbemanaged.Asoneexpertsaid,“It’sinnobody’sinteresttofightoverthewind.”32.Whatisthemaincauseofthewakeeffect?A.Windfarmsconsumetoomuchelectricity.B.Turbinesslowdownthewindbehindthem.C.Largerwindfarmsblockairflowtoothers.D.Electricityoutputdropsduetoweakerwind.33.Therapidexpansionofwindfarmsmightresultin______.A.reducedenergyoutput B.moreunstablelocalwindC.highermaintenancecosts D.increasedenergydemand34.Whatdoescomparingwindtosharedmarineresourcesimply?A.Jointrulesareneededforfairwinduse.B.Fishandoilprofitsshouldfundwindfarms.C.Windenergyislesspredictablethanfishing.D.Europeshouldleadinthewinddevelopment.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsolvingwake-effectchallenges?A.Highlycritical. B.Partiallydoubtful.C.Cautiouslyoptimistic. D.Technologicallydismissive.【答案】32.B33.A34.A35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了風(fēng)力發(fā)電場擴(kuò)展帶來的“尾流效應(yīng)”問題及其對國際協(xié)作提出的挑戰(zhàn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hesayswindslowsdownbehindeachturbineandbehindthewholewindfarmcomparedtothewindinfront,andthiscausesthewake(尾流)effect.(他說，與前方的風(fēng)相比，每臺渦輪機(jī)后方以及整個風(fēng)電場后方的風(fēng)速會減慢，這就導(dǎo)致了尾流效應(yīng))”可知，尾流效應(yīng)的主要原因是渦輪機(jī)減慢了它們后面的風(fēng)速。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whilelargerturbinescapturemoreenergy,theirextendedwakezonescanreducedownstreamturbineefficiencybydisruptingwindflow.Asmorewindfarmsarebuilt,thisproblemcouldgrowandreducetotalenergyproduction.(雖然更大的渦輪機(jī)能夠捕獲更多能量，但它們延伸的尾流區(qū)會通過擾亂氣流來降低下游渦輪機(jī)的效率。隨著越來越多的風(fēng)電場建成，這個問題可能會加劇，并導(dǎo)致總能源產(chǎn)量下降)”可知，風(fēng)電場的快速擴(kuò)張可能會導(dǎo)致能源輸出減少。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Somesuggestthatwindshouldbemanagedlikeothersharedmarineresources,suchasfishoroil.Ifclearrulesaremade,andcountriesplantogether,conflictscanbeavoided.(有人建議，風(fēng)能應(yīng)像魚類或石油等其他共享海洋資源一樣進(jìn)行管理。如果制定明確的規(guī)則，并且各國共同規(guī)劃，沖突就可以避免)”可推知，將風(fēng)與其他共享的海洋資源（如魚或石油）進(jìn)行比較，意味著需要共同制定規(guī)則以公平地利用風(fēng)能。故選A。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Researchersbelievethatwithbettermodels,internationalcooperation,andsmartpolicies,thisproblemcanbemanaged.(研究人員認(rèn)為，通過更好的模型、國際合作以及明智的政策，這個問題是可以解決的)”可知，作者認(rèn)為通過更好的模型、國際合作和明智的政策，尾流效應(yīng)的問題是可以得到管理的，這表明作者對解決尾流效應(yīng)的挑戰(zhàn)持謹(jǐn)慎樂觀的態(tài)度。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Scienceisrapidlypushingfrontiersinanerawhereimaginationseemstheonlylimit.Butwhennoreallimitsexist,weriskcrossinglinesthatshouldn’tbecrossed.____36____MaryShelley’s1818novelFrankensteinwarnsofwhathappenswhenscienceignoresitsnaturalboundaries.Inthestory,VictorFrankensteincreatesamonster(怪物)fromoldbodyparts.Asitcomestolife,hepanicsandabandonsit.Desperateforconnection,thecreatureapproachessociety—onlytomeetwithrejectionandviolence.____37____WhatunfoldsisthedisastroustaleofthedeathofeveryoneFrankensteincaredfor.____38____Theyrealizeitismistreated,andhasfeelingsjustlikehumans.Itsmultiplelayersofemotion—thedesiretofitinwithsociety,theresultingangerandhissenseofregret—arguablymakethemonsterhimselfmorehumanthanFrankenstein.Overtwocenturieslater,Shelley’snovelremainsprofoundlyrelevantasawarningtaleaboutuncheckedambitionanditsethical(道德的)consequences.____39____ThisisalsostressedbyUShistorianofscienceMeganHalpern,whonotesthatthemonsterbecamedangerousonlyafteritscreatorabandonedit.____40____TocreateanAIrobotmightnotbeacrimeofinnovation,buttodosowithouttakingtheresponsibilityforactivelyseekingethicalwaystousetherobotmightbe.Thoughafrighteningtaleofhorroranddestruction,Frankens