2025年全國海船船員考試（船長及甲板部（航海英語9001)）綜合練習(xí)題及答案一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（共20題，每題2分，共40分）1.Whennavigatinginanarrowchannel,apower-drivenvesselshallkeepasneartotheouterlimitofthechannelonherownsideassafeandpractical.Thisrequirementisspecifiedin______.A.Rule9ofCOLREGsB.Rule10ofCOLREGsC.Rule18ofCOLREGsD.Rule34ofCOLREGs答案：A解析：《國際海上避碰規(guī)則》（COLREGs）第9條明確規(guī)定了狹水道中機(jī)動船的航行規(guī)則，要求盡可能靠近本船右舷的航道外緣行駛，因此正確答案為A。2.Theterm"heading"refersto______.A.thedirectiontheshipispointingrelativetotruenorthB.thedirectiontheshipisactuallymovingoverthegroundC.theanglebetweentheship'sfore-and-aftlineandthemagneticmeridianD.thedifferencebetweentruecourseandmagneticcourse答案：A解析：“航向（heading）”指船舶指向相對于真北的方向，而“航跡向（coursemadegood）”是船舶實(shí)際對地移動的方向，因此正確答案為A。3.InaGMDSSship,theSART(SearchandRescueTransponder)shouldbetested______.A.everyweekB.everymonthC.everythreemonthsD.everyyear答案：B解析：根據(jù)GMDSS設(shè)備維護(hù)要求，SART應(yīng)每月測試一次，確保其工作狀態(tài)正常，因此正確答案為B。4.Whenavesselistowinganotherandthelengthofthetowexceeds200meters,sheshalldisplay______.A.twodiamondshapesinaverticallineB.threediamondshapesinaverticallineC.onediamondshapeD.nodiamondshapes答案：B解析：根據(jù)COLREGs第24條，拖帶長度超過200米時，應(yīng)顯示垂直三盞環(huán)照燈（對于燈光信號）和垂直三個菱形號型（對于號型），因此正確答案為B。5.The"tidetables"provideinformationabout______.A.thetimeandheightofhighandlowwatersB.thedirectionandspeedofsurfacecurrentsC.thedensityofseawateratdifferentlocationsD.thefrequencyofseismicactivitiesincoastalareas答案：A解析：潮汐表主要提供各港口高低潮的時間和高度信息，海流信息通常在海流表（tidalstreamtables）中，因此正確答案為A。6.Whenavesselisinatrafficseparationscheme,sheshall______.A.crosstheseparationzoneatassmallanangleaspossibleB.usetheseparationzoneforanchoringifnecessaryC.keepclearoftrafficlanesusedbyoncomingvesselsD.entertheseparationzoneonlyincaseofemergency答案：C解析：分道通航制（TSS）規(guī)則要求船舶應(yīng)避免穿越通航分道，若需穿越則應(yīng)盡可能與分道走向成直角；禁止在分道內(nèi)錨泊；應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)離相反方向船舶使用的通航分道，因此正確答案為C。7.The"variation"istheanglebetween______.A.truenorthandmagneticnorthB.magneticnorthandcompassnorthC.truenorthandcompassnorthD.gridnorthandtruenorth答案：A解析：磁差（variation）是真北與磁北之間的夾角，自差（deviation）是磁北與羅經(jīng)北之間的夾角，因此正確答案為A。8.Inheavyweather,toreducetheriskofparametricrolling,themastershould______.A.increasespeedtopassthroughthewavesystemquicklyB.altercoursetoavoidrunningparalleltothewavecrestsC.lowertheship'sfreeboardbytakingonballastD.secureallloosedeckcargoeswithadditionallashings答案：B解析：參數(shù)橫搖（parametricrolling）易發(fā)生在船舶航向與波峰平行且波長與船長接近時，改變航向可破壞其共振條件，因此正確答案為B。9.The"deadreckoningposition"isdeterminedby______.A.usingcelestialobservationsB.plottingcourseandspeedfromthelastknownpositionC.integratingGPSandradardataD.measuringtheship'sdriftduetowindandcurrent答案：B解析：航跡推算（deadreckoning）是根據(jù)最后已知船位，結(jié)合航向、航速和估計(jì)的風(fēng)流影響推算出的船位，不依賴觀測，因此正確答案為B。10.Whenavesselisrequiredtosoundthefogsignal"oneprolongedblastfollowedbytwoshortblasts",sheismostlikely______.A.apower-drivenvesselunderwayB.asailingvesselunderwayC.avesselnotundercommandD.avesselconstrainedbyherdraft答案：C解析：根據(jù)COLREGs第35條，失去控制的船舶（vesselnotundercommand）在能見度不良時應(yīng)鳴放“一長聲+兩短聲”，因此正確答案為C。11.The"metacentricheight(GM)"isameasureof______.A.theship'sstabilityB.theship'slongitudinalstrengthC.theship'smaneuverabilityD.theship'sresistancetorolling答案：A解析：初穩(wěn)性高度（GM）是衡量船舶初始穩(wěn)性的重要指標(biāo)，GM越大，船舶穩(wěn)性越好（但過大可能導(dǎo)致劇烈橫搖），因此正確答案為A。12.WhenreceivingaNAVTEXmessagewithaprioritycode"B",itmeanstheinformationis______.A.veryurgent(distress-related)B.urgent(importantfornavigation)C.routine(usefulbutnoturgent)D.experimental(fortestingpurposes)答案：B解析：NAVTEX優(yōu)先級代碼中，“A”為緊急（遇險相關(guān)），“B”為重要（影響航行安全），“C”為常規(guī)，因此正確答案為B。13.The"leeway"istheanglebetween______.A.theship'sheadingandheractualtrackoverthegroundB.thetruewinddirectionandtheapparentwinddirectionC.themagneticcourseandthecompasscourseD.theforwardperpendicularandtheafterperpendicular答案：A解析：風(fēng)壓差（leeway）是船舶航向與實(shí)際航跡向之間的夾角，由風(fēng)、流等因素引起，因此正確答案為A。14.Whenavesselisapproachingablindbendinariver,sheshallsound______.A.oneshortblastB.twoshortblastsC.threeshortblastsD.oneprolongedblast答案：D解析：根據(jù)內(nèi)河避碰規(guī)則及COLREGs相關(guān)規(guī)定，船舶在接近視線受阻的彎道時應(yīng)鳴放一長聲以警告他船，因此正確答案為D。15.The"tropicalstorm"isdefinedasacyclonewithmaximumsustainedwindspeedsof______.A.34-63knotsB.64-82knotsC.83-112knotsD.over113knots答案：A解析：熱帶氣旋等級中，熱帶低壓（TD）≤33節(jié)，熱帶風(fēng)暴（TS）34-63節(jié)，強(qiáng)熱帶風(fēng)暴（STS）64-82節(jié)，臺風(fēng)/颶風(fēng)（TY/HU）≥83節(jié)，因此正確答案為A。16.Whenusingaradarforcollisionavoidance,the"CPA"(ClosestPointofApproach)refersto______.A.theminimumdistanceatwhichtwovesselswillpasseachotherB.thetimeremaininguntiltwovesselsreachtheirclosestpointC.thebearingoftheothervesselattheclosestpointD.therelativespeedoftheothervessel答案：A解析：CPA是兩船會遇時的最近距離，TCPA是到達(dá)該距離的時間，因此正確答案為A。17.The"loadline"marksonashipindicate______.A.themaximumdraftatwhichtheshipmaybeloadedunderdifferentconditionsB.theminimumdraftrequiredfortheshiptomaintainstabilityC.thepositionoftheship'scenterofgravitywhenfullyloadedD.thesafeworkingloadforcargohandlinggear答案：A解析：載重線標(biāo)志標(biāo)明船舶在不同航區(qū)、季節(jié)的最大允許吃水，確保船舶不超載，因此正確答案為A。18.Whenavesselis"aground",themastershouldfirst______.A.attempttorefloattheshipbyincreasingenginepowerB.checktheship'sstabilityanddamageC.jettisoncargotoreducedraftD.sendadistressmessageviaGMDSS答案：B解析：船舶擱淺后，首要任務(wù)是檢查穩(wěn)性和是否有破損進(jìn)水，避免盲目動車導(dǎo)致進(jìn)一步損傷，因此正確答案為B。19.The"pilotladder"mustberiggedwhenapilotistoboard,anditshouldbeplaced______.A.onthewindwardsideB.ontheleewardsideC.onthebowD.onthestern答案：B解析：引航員登船時，引航梯應(yīng)設(shè)置在下風(fēng)舷（leewardside），便于引航員安全登離，因此正確答案為B。20.Ina"manoverboard"drill,theimmediateactionafterspottingapersoninthewateristo______.A.throwalifebuoywithaself-ignitinglightB.turntheshiparoundtorecoverthepersonC.soundthegeneralalarmD.informtheengineroomtostopengines答案：A解析：發(fā)現(xiàn)人員落水后，首先應(yīng)向落水者投擲帶有自亮燈的救生圈，標(biāo)記其位置，然后執(zhí)行轉(zhuǎn)向、報(bào)警等后續(xù)步驟，因此正確答案為A。二、閱讀理解（共2篇，每篇5題，每題2分，共20分）Passage1TheInternationalMaritimeOrganization(IMO)hasissuedanewcircularregardingtheuseofElectronicChartDisplayandInformationSystems(ECDIS).ThecircularstatesthatallshipsrequiredtocarryECDISmustensurethatthesystemisupdatedwiththelatestnavigationaldataatleastonceaweek.Additionally,themastermustverifythattheECDISisconfiguredtodisplaycriticalinformationsuchassafetycontours,restrictedareas,andtrafficseparationschemes.FailuretocomplymayresultinadeficiencybeingrecordedduringPortStateControl(PSC)inspections,whichcouldleadtodetentionofthevessel.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.ThehistoryofECDISdevelopmentB.IMO'snewrequirementsforECDISmaintenanceC.TheadvantagesofusingECDISoverpaperchartsD.PSCproceduresforinspectingnavigationequipment答案：B解析：文章主要介紹IMO發(fā)布的關(guān)于ECDIS使用的新通告，強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)據(jù)更新和配置要求，因此正確答案為B。2.HowoftenshouldECDISdatabeupdated?A.DailyB.WeeklyC.MonthlyD.Quarterly答案：B解析：文中明確提到“atleastonceaweek”，因此正確答案為B。3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedascriticalinformationtobedisplayedonECDIS?A.SafetycontoursB.WeatherforecastsC.RestrictedareasD.Trafficseparationschemes答案：B解析：文中提到的關(guān)鍵信息包括安全等深線、限制區(qū)域和分道通航制，未提及天氣預(yù)報(bào)，因此正確答案為B。4.Whatmayhappenifashipfailstocomplywiththenewrequirements?A.ThemasterwillbefinedpersonallyB.TheshipmaybedetainedduringPSCinspectionC.TheECDISmanufacturerwillbepenalizedD.Thecrewwillberequiredtoattendtraining答案：B解析：文中指出不遵守規(guī)定可能導(dǎo)致PSC檢查中被記錄缺陷，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致船舶滯留，因此正確答案為B。5.Theterm"deficiency"inthepassagerefersto______.A.atechnicalfaultintheECDISB.afailuretomeetregulatoryrequirementsC.anerrorinnavigationaldataD.alackofcrewtraining答案：B解析：“deficiency”在此指不符合規(guī)定的情況，即未滿足監(jiān)管要求，因此正確答案為B。Passage2TropicalCyclone"Haiyan"isforecasttointensifyintoasupertyphoonoverthenext24hours.Thecenteriscurrentlylocatedat12°N,125°E,movingnorthwestat10knots.Maximumsustainedwindsare130knots,withgustsupto160knots.AstormsurgewarningisineffectforcoastalareasofthePhilippines,withexpectedsurgeheightsof3-5meters.Allshipsintheaffectedareaareadvisedtoaltercoursetomaintainadistanceofatleast200nauticalmilesfromthestormcenter.Vesselsunabletoavoidthestormshouldsecurealldeckcargo,reducespeed,andprepareforheavyrolling.1.WhatisthecurrentmovementdirectionofTropicalCycloneHaiyan?A.NortheastB.NorthwestC.SoutheastD.Southwest答案：B解析：文中提到“movingnorthwestat10knots”，因此正確答案為B。2.Whatisthemaximumsustainedwindspeedofthecyclone?A.10knotsB.130knotsC.160knotsD.200knots答案：B解析：文中明確“maximumsustainedwindsare130knots”，陣風(fēng)（gusts）為160節(jié)，因此正確答案為B。3.Whatistherecommendeddistanceforshipstomaintainfromthestormcenter?A.100nauticalmilesB.150nauticalmilesC.200nauticalmilesD.250nauticalmiles答案：C解析：文中建議“maintainadistanceofatleast200nauticalmiles”，因此正確答案為C。4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTarecommendedactionforshipsunabletoavoidthestorm?A.SecurealldeckcargoB.IncreasespeedtooutrunthestormC.ReducespeedD.Prepareforheavyrolling答案：B解析：文中建議“reducespeed”，而非加速，因此正確答案為B。5.The"stormsurge"mentionedinthepassagerefersto______.A.asuddenincreaseinwindspeedB.ariseinsealevelcausedbythecycloneC.atypeofhighwavegeneratedbystrongwindsD.adecreaseinatmosphericpressure答案：B解析：風(fēng)暴潮（stormsurge）是由氣旋引起的海平面異常升高，因此正確答案為B。三、翻譯題（共5題，每題4分，共20分）1.中譯英：“本船正駛往上海港，預(yù)計(jì)當(dāng)?shù)貢r間1400時靠泊。請?zhí)峁┮絾T登船的最新潮汐信息?！贝鸢福?ThisvesselisproceedingtoShanghaiPortandisexpectedtoberthat1400localtime.Pleaseprovidethelatesttidalinformationforpilotboarding."2.英譯中："Thenavigationlightsmustbecheckeddailytoensuretheyareingoodworkingcondition.Failuretodosomayresultinacollisionriskduringnightoperations."答案：“航行燈必須每日檢查，確保其工作狀態(tài)良好。未執(zhí)行檢查可能導(dǎo)致夜間作業(yè)時的碰撞風(fēng)險?！?.中譯英：“由于能見度降至0.5海里，本船已開啟雷達(dá)并鳴放霧號，建議周圍船舶減速并保持安全距離?！贝鸢福?Asvisibilityhasreducedto0.5nauticalmiles,ourvesselhasactivatedradarandissoundingfogsignals.Itisrecommendedthatsurroundingvesselsreducespeedandmaintainasafedistance."4.英譯中："Themasterisresponsibleforensuringthatallcrewmembersarefamiliarwiththeship'semergencyprocedures,includingmanoverboardrecoveryandfirefighting."答案：“船長負(fù)責(zé)確保全體船員熟悉船舶應(yīng)急程序，包括人員落水救助和消防操作?！?.中譯英：“請報(bào)告貴船的船名、呼號、總噸及當(dāng)前貨物種類，以便我們更新港口調(diào)度計(jì)劃?！贝鸢福?Pleasereportyourvessel'sname,callsign,grosstonnage,andcurrentcargotype,sothatwecanupdatetheportschedulingplan."四、情景對話（共1題，20分）情景：某輪在能見度不良水域（約0.3海里）以12節(jié)航速航行，雷達(dá)觀測到右前方6海里處有一目標(biāo)，CPA為0.5海里，TCPA為20分鐘。值班駕駛員通過VHF與該船聯(lián)系，協(xié)商避碰行動。要求：補(bǔ)全以下對話，使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)