Unit1PeopleofAchievementⅠ.單句語法填空1．(2023·全國甲卷)Theremarkable(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,meansthereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：這座城市的顯著發(fā)展，在有意識地保護過去的同時步入現(xiàn)代世界，意味著這里總是有新的東西等待發(fā)現(xiàn)，我可以在接下來的50年里拍攝北京。分析句子成分可知，空處為形容詞修飾名詞development。故填remarkable。2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Isaidgently(gentle)andquietly,“Noonecanchangeyourmind,exceptyourself...”解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：我輕輕地說：“沒有人能改變你的想法，除了你自己……”。根據(jù)句意可知，填副詞修飾動詞said。故填gently。3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Emmasaysit'schallengingtobeahealthexpert,becausepeoplecanbeeasilyinfluencedbyadvertisementsthatlackscientific(science)support.解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：艾瑪說，成為一名健康專家很有挑戰(zhàn)性，因為人們很容易受到缺乏科學依據(jù)的廣告的影響。根據(jù)句意可知，填形容詞修飾名詞support。故填scientific。4．(2024·北京卷)Andwhenasked(ask)abouthisnewtitle,hesharedthesecret:moderation(適度)．解析：考查省略。分析句子結構可知，本句是when引導的時間狀語從句；因主從句主語一致，且從句的謂語動詞中有be動詞，所以從句省略主語和謂語中的be動詞。完整從句應為：Andwhenhewasaskedabouthimnewtitle。故填asked。5．(2022·全國Ⅱ卷)Sototrytochangeadistinctly(distinct)modernbehavior,lawmakersandpublichealthexpertsarereachingbacktoanoldapproach:Theywanttotreatdistracteddrivinglikedrunkdriving.解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：因此，為了改變這種明顯的現(xiàn)代行為，立法者和公共衛(wèi)生專家正在求助于一種古老的方法：他們希望把分心駕駛當作酒后駕駛來對待。根據(jù)句意可知，填副詞修飾形容詞。故填distinctly。6．(2022·浙江1月卷)Aboveall,Ihopedhewouldn'tassignmetoworkwiththefiercelycompetitive,extremelyseriousfellowwhoalwaysworedarkclothesandapparently(apparent)hadapersonalitytomatch.解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：最重要的是，我希望他不要讓我和那個爭強好勝、極其嚴肅的家伙一起工作，他總是穿著深色的衣服，顯然有一個與之相配的個性。根據(jù)句意可知，填副詞修飾動詞。故填apparently。7．Committed(commit)toscientificresearchtoagreatextent,hecouldn'tspareanytimetogoonholiday.解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：因為太致力于科學研究，他抽不出時間去度假。根據(jù)句意可知，填過去分詞作原因狀語，相當于狀語從句Becausehewascommittedtoscientificresearchtoagreatextent。故填Committed。8．Tosumup，wecantackletheprobleminthisscientificmanner.解析：考查短語。句意：總之，我們可以用這種科學的方法來解決這個問題。tosumup“總之”。故填up。9．InsistingthatTomhadstolen(steal)hercar,theoldtailorinsistedthathe(should)besent(send)toprison.解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和虛擬語氣。句意：老裁縫堅持認為湯姆偷了她的車，堅決要求把他送進監(jiān)獄。由句意可知，第一空不用虛擬語氣，用過去完成時；第二空用虛擬語氣。故填hadstolen；(should)besent。10．(牛津高階)Thiscanpreventairfromflowing(flow)freelytothelungs.解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：這可以防止空氣任意流入肺部。根據(jù)句意及句子結構，要填入動詞，介詞后接動詞時用動名詞形式。故填flowing。Ⅱ.語境辨義練1．寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語意思①TuYouyoudiscoveredanovelmethodtoextracttheusefulsubstance.adj.新穎的②In1967，theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria.n．目標③(2022·浙江1月卷)KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademicswhoarecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.n．高等院校教師；高?？蒲腥藛T；學者④“Iwasturningthepagetogetreadyforthenextpage,butthedraftwindfromtheturncausedthesparepagestofalloffthestand，”MrTittertonsaid,“LuckilyIwasabletocatchthemandputthemback.”n．(小股)氣流2．選出flow的漢語意思A．n.流動(量) B．n.流暢C．n.供應 D．vi.(液體)流動E．vi.(大量人或物)流動 F．vi.飄拂①Thereisnodenyingthatthegovernmentencouragestheflowofgoodsandservicestoremoteareas.C②Largenumbersofvillagerscontinuetoflowintobigcitiestosearchforjobs.E③We'renowbuildingaclockattheAnchorageMuseumthatreflectsthetotalflowofseveralmajorAlaskanrivers.A④Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn'thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.B⑤Secondslater,ourlizardemergedfromitstankwithitsoldskinflowingbehindit.F⑥(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷)Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.D3．選出acknowledge的漢語意思A．vt.承認 B．vt.告知收到C．vt.(公開)感謝①Iacknowledgemymother,whoalwayssupportsmewhateverhappens.C②Heacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong.A③Allapplicationswillbeacknowledgedbyemails.BⅢ.語法填空MadamCurieBeinganextraordinaryandgentlewomangenius，MadamCuriemanaged1.todiscover(discover)twokindsofradioactiveelements,whichwerevitalandcrucialtophysics.Itwaswidelyacknowledged2.thatshewasborninPolandin1867.Distinctfromothergirls,shehadastrongpassionforscienceand3.committed(commit)herwholelifetoscientificresearch.After4.graduating(graduate)fromhighschool,shetookup5.apositionasatutor.In1891,shewasadmittedintotheAcademyofParis，6.wheresheachievedgreatacademicperformancesandasaconsequence,shebecamethefirstwomanprofessor.Underunbearablecircumstances,sheandherhusbandsparednoefforttoanalyzeandevaluatepitchblende(瀝青鈾礦)7.withtheobjectiveofextractingradioactivesubstancesandstudyingtheirproperties.Apparently,theyencounterednumerous8.failures(fail),butundernocircumstancesdidthecoupleacknowledgedefeatandtheyinsistedontheirambition.Usingflowchartsan