2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解閱讀理解能力提升試卷知識拓展考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedconsiderabledebateregardingitspotentialimpactonthejobmarket.ProponentsarguethatAIwillprimarilyautomateroutineandrepetitivetasks,freeinguphumanworkerstofocusonmorecomplex,creative,andinterpersonalaspectsoftheirjobs.Thistransition,theysuggest,willnotonlyboostproductivitybutalsoleadtothecreationofnew,higher-skilledpositionsthatleveragehuman-AIcollaboration.However,criticsexpressconcernthatthedisplacementofworkersincertainsectors,particularlythoseinvolvingdataprocessingorpredictablephysicallabor,couldbesignificantandwidespread.Theywarnofapotentialexacerbationofincomeinequality,asthoseequippedwiththeskillstoworkalongsideAItechnologiesmayfindthemselvesinhighdemand,whileothersfaceunemploymentorunderemployment.Navigatingthisshiftrequiresproactivestrategiesfromgovernments,businesses,andindividualsalike,includinginvestmentsineducationandretrainingprogramstoensuretheworkforcecanadapttotheevolvingdemandsofanAI-augmentedfuture.Questions:1.WhatistheprimaryfocusofthedebateregardingAI'simpactonemployment?2.AccordingtoproponentsofAI,whatarethepotentialbenefitsofAIautomationfortheworkforce?3.WhatspecificsectorsdocriticsworrywillbemostaffectedbyAIdisplacement?4.WhatsolutionsareproposedtohelpworkersadapttochangesbroughtaboutbyAI?Passage2Theconceptof"darktourism"referstothepracticeofvisitingsitesassociatedwithdeath,disaster,andhumansuffering.Whilesomemayfindthemorbidcuriosity驅(qū)動behindsuchvisitsdisturbing,othersarguethatitservesanimportantfunctioninpromotingremembranceandreflection.Proponentssuggestthatdarktourismcanfosteradeeperunderstandingofhistorybyhighlightingtheconsequencesofhumanactionsandnaturaldisasters.Itcanalsoprovideaspaceforcommunalgrievingandremembrance,helpingtoprocesscollectivetrauma.However,thecommercializationofsuchsitesraisesethicalconcerns.Theexploitationofsufferingfortourismrevenuecanbeseenasdisrespectful,potentiallytrivializingtheeventsandexperiencesassociatedwiththem.Furthermore,thesheervolumeoftouristsvisitingthesesitescansometimesdetractfromtheirsolemnityandhistoricalsignificance.Findingabalancebetweentheeducationalandcommemorativevalueofdarktourismandthepotentialforexploitationremainsasignificantchallengeforbothtouristsanddestinationmanagers.Questions:5.Whatisthecentralthemeofthepassageregardingdarktourism?6.Accordingtoproponents,whatarethepotentialbenefitsofdarktourism?7.Whataresomeoftheethicalconcernsassociatedwiththecommercializationofdarktourism?8.Whatdifficultiesdodestinationmanagersfaceinregulatingdarktourism?Passage3Theproliferationofsocialmediaplatformshasfundamentallyalteredthewayhumanscommunicateandconsumeinformation.Ononehand,theseplatformsofferunprecedentedopportunitiesforconnection,allowingindividualstomaintainrelationshipsacrossvastdistancesandengagewithdiversecommunitiesandideas.Theyhavealsobecomepowerfultoolsforsocialandpoliticalmobilization,enablingrapiddisseminationofinformationandcoordinationofcollectiveaction.However,thenegativeaspectsofsocialmediacannotbeoverlooked.Concernsaboutprivacyerosion,thespreadofmisinformation,andthepotentialforonlineharassmentandcyberbullyingaresignificant.Theaddictivenatureoftheseplatformscanalsoleadtoreducedface-to-faceinteractionandnegativeimpactsonmentalhealth,particularlyamongyoungerusers.Associetycontinuestograpplewiththesecomplexissues,thechallengeliesinharnessingthebenefitsofsocialmediawhilemitigatingitspotentialharmsthroughthoughtfulregulation,digitalliteracyeducation,andconscioususagepatterns.Questions:9.Whathasbeentheprimaryeffectofsocialmediaonhumancommunication?10.Whataresomeofthepositiveapplicationsofsocialmediamentionedinthepassage?11.Whatnegativeconsequencesofsocialmediausearehighlighted?12.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomepotentialsolutionstoaddresstheproblemsassociatedwithsocialmedia?Passage4Urbanizationpresentsbothopportunitiesandchallengesforsustainabledevelopment.Onthepositiveside,citiescanconcentrateresourcesandinnovation,leadingtomoreefficientuseofenergyandinfrastructure.Theyalsooffergreateraccesstoeducation,healthcare,andculturalopportunitiesforresidents.However,theconcentrationofpeopleinurbanareascanleadtosignificantenvironmentalpressures,includingairandwaterpollution,wastemanagementissues,andtheconsumptionofvaluablelandresources.Socialchallengessuchaspoverty,crime,andinequalityarealsooftenmorepronouncedinurbanenvironments.Achievingsustainableurbandevelopmentrequiresamultifacetedapproachthatintegratesenvironmentalprotection,socialequity,andeconomicefficiency.Strategiessuchaspromotingpublictransportation,greenbuildingpractices,andcommunityengagementarecrucialforcreatingcitiesthatarenotonlyvibrantanddynamicbutalsoresilientandsustainableforfuturegenerations.Questions:13.Whataresomeoftheadvantagesofurbanizationmentionedinthepassage?14.Whatenvironmentalchallengesdoesthegrowthofcitiespose?15.Whatsocialproblemsareoftenmoresevereinurbanareas?16.Whatstrategiesaresuggestedforachievingsustainableurbandevelopment?第二部分翻譯directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.Theconceptof"culturalheritage"encompassesawiderangeoftangibleandintangibleassetsthatreflectthehistory,art,traditions,andvaluesofaparticularcommunityorsociety.Theseassetscanincludehistoricalbuildings,monuments,artifacts,traditionalcrafts,music,dance,languages,andoraltraditions,amongmanyothers.Preservingculturalheritageiscrucialformaintainingculturaldiversityandidentity,providingasenseofbelongingforcommunities,andofferingvaluableinsightsintothepast.Inanincreasinglyglobalizedworld,theprotectionandtransmissionofculturalheritagefacenumerouschallenges,includingnaturaldegradation,urbandevelopment,andtheerosionoftraditionalpractices.InternationalcooperationandtheadoptionofUNESCOconventionshavebeeninstrumentalinraisingawarenessandprovidingframeworksforthesafeguardingofculturalheritage.However,muchworkremainstoensurethattheseinvaluabletreasuresarepreservedforfuturegenerations,notjustasrelicsofthepast,butaslivingexpressionsofhumancreativityandculture.第三部分寫作directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshouldfirstdescribethedrawing,thenexplainitsintendedmeaning,andfinallygiveyourowncomments.Thedrawingdepictsapersonstandingatacrossroads,lookingpuzzledandunsurewhichwaytoturn.Ontheleft,thereisasignpointingtowardsabrightfuturewithsymbolsofsuccessandhappiness,suchasamansion,acar,andahappyfamily.Ontheright,thereisasignpointingtowardsadifficultpathwithsymbolsofhardshipandstruggle,suchasamountain,ariver,andatiredfigure.Thepersonisequidistantfrombothpaths,highlightingthedifficultyofmakingachoice.Thisdrawingvividlyillustratesthecommonphenomenonoffacingdifficultchoicesinlife.Thetwopathsrepresentthedifferentoptionsavailabletous,eachwithitsownsetofpotentialrewardsandchallenges.Theperson'suncertaintyreflectstheanxietyandconfusionthatoftenaccompanysuchdecisions.Thedrawingsuggeststhatmakingtherightchoiceiscrucialforachievingsuccessandhappinessinlife.However,italsoimpliesthatthepathofleastresistancemaybeeasierbutlessrewarding.Inmyopinion,thedrawingservesasareminderthatweshouldcarefullyconsiderouroptionsandchoosethepaththatalignswithourvaluesandgoals,evenifitisdifficult.Onlybydoingsocanwetrulyachieveourpotentialandliveameaningfullife.試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解Passage11.D解析思路:文章首段直接點明，關(guān)于人工智能對就業(yè)市場的影響引發(fā)了相當多的爭論(Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedconsiderabledebateregardingitspotentialimpactonthejobmarket.)。選項D“關(guān)于人工智能對就業(yè)市場影響的爭論的焦點是什么”與文章主旨一致。2.A解析思路:文章第二段闡述支持者的觀點，他們認為人工智能將主要自動化例行和重復性任務(wù)，使人類工作者能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂诟鼜碗s、更具創(chuàng)造性和人際交往方面的工作(ProponentsarguethatAIwillprimarilyautomateroutineandrepetitivetasks,freeinguphumanworkerstofocusonmorecomplex,creative,andinterpersonalaspectsoftheirjobs.)。這與選項A“根據(jù)人工智能支持者，人工智能自動化對勞動力隊伍的潛在好處是什么”相符。3.B解析思路:文章第三段提到批評者的擔憂，他們表示，在某些部門，特別是那些涉及數(shù)據(jù)處理或可預測體力勞動的部門，工人的取代可能是重大和廣泛的(However,criticsexpressconcernthatthedisplacementofworkersincertainsectors,particularlythoseinvolvingdataprocessingorpredictablephysicallabor,couldbesignificantandwidespread.)。選項B“批評者擔心哪些特定部門會受到人工智能取代的影響”準確概括了批評者的擔憂。4.C解析思路:文章最后一段提出了應(yīng)對這一轉(zhuǎn)變的需要，包括政府、企業(yè)和個人采取主動策略，包括對教育和再培訓計劃的投資，以確保勞動力能夠適應(yīng)人工智能增強的未來(Navigatingthisshiftrequiresproactivestrategiesfromgovernments,businesses,andindividualsalike,includinginvestmentsineducationandretrainingprogramstoensuretheworkforcecanadapttotheevolvingdemandsofanAI-augmentedfuture.)。選項C“為了幫助工人適應(yīng)人工智能帶來的變化，提出了哪些解決方案”與文章內(nèi)容相符。Passage25.A解析思路:文章首段定義了“黑暗旅游”的概念，并指出盡管有些人可能認為其背后的病態(tài)好奇心令人不安，但其他人認為它servesanimportantfunctioninpromotingremembranceandreflection（在促進記憶和反思方面發(fā)揮著重要作用）。選項A“關(guān)于黑暗旅游的中心的主題是什么”概括了文章的核心內(nèi)容，即黑暗旅游的爭議性及其潛在價值。6.B解析思路:文章第二段闡述了支持者的觀點，認為黑暗旅游可以通過突出人類行為的后果和自然災害來促進對歷史的更深入理解(Proponentssuggestthatdarktourismcanfosteradeeperunderstandingofhistorybyhighlightingtheconsequencesofhumanactionsandnaturaldisasters.)，并可以提供集體哀悼和紀念的空間，幫助處理集體創(chuàng)傷(Itcanalsoprovideaspaceforcommunalgrievingandremembrance,helpingtoprocesscollectivetrauma.)。這與選項B“根據(jù)支持者，黑暗旅游的潛在好處是什么”相符。7.C解析思路:文章第三段討論了商業(yè)化帶來的道德問題，指出利用苦難進行旅游收入的剝削可能被視為不尊重(Theexploitationofsufferingfortourismrevenuecanbeseenasdisrespectful,)，可能使與它們相關(guān)的事件和經(jīng)歷變得微不足道(potentiallytrivializingtheeventsandexperiencesassociatedwiththem.)。這與選項C“與黑暗旅游的商業(yè)化相關(guān)的道德問題是什么”一致。8.D解析思路:文章最后指出，在教育和紀念價值與潛在的剝削之間找到平衡仍然是旅游目的地管理者和游客面臨的一個重大挑戰(zhàn)(Findingabalancebetweentheeducationalandcommemorativevalueofdarktourismandthepotentialforexploitationremainsasignificantchallengeforbothtouristsanddestinationmanagers.)。選項D“目的地管理者在管理黑暗旅游方面面臨什么困難”準確概括了文章末尾的觀點。Passage39.A解析思路:文章首段指出，社交媒體平臺的普及從根本上改變了人類交流和信息消費的方式(Theproliferationofsocialmediaplatformshasfundamentallyalteredthewayhumanscommunicateandconsumeinformation.)。選項A“社交媒體對人類交流的主要影響是什么”與文章開篇觀點一致。10.B解析思路:文章第二段提到了社交媒體的積極方面，包括保持跨距離關(guān)系的機會(allowingindividualstomaintainrelationshipsacrossvastdistances)、參與不同社區(qū)和想法(engagewithdiversecommunitiesandideas)以及作為社會和政治動員的有力工具(powerfultoolsforsocialandpoliticalmobilization)。選項B“文章中提到的一些社交媒體的正面應(yīng)用是什么”概括了這些積極應(yīng)用。11.C解析思路:文章第三段指出了社交媒體的負面影響，包括隱私侵蝕(privacyerosion)、錯誤信息的傳播(thespreadofmisinformation)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)騷擾和欺凌(onlineharassmentandcyberbullying)以及對心理健康的不利影響(particularlyamongyoungerusers)。選項C“文章中強調(diào)的社交媒體使用的負面后果是什么”與這些負面影響相符。12.D解析思路:文章最后一段提出了應(yīng)對社交媒體問題的潛在解決方案，包括通過深思熟慮的監(jiān)管、數(shù)字素養(yǎng)教育有意識的的使用模式(thoughtfulregulation,digitalliteracyeducation,andconscioususagepatterns)來減輕其潛在危害(mitigatingitspotentialharms)。選項D“根據(jù)文章，一些用來解決與社交媒體相關(guān)的問題的潛在方案是什么”概括了這些解決方案。Passage413.A解析思路:文章第二段提到了城市化的好處，包括集中資源和創(chuàng)新(concentrateresourcesandinnovation)，導致能源和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的更有效利用(moreefficientuseofenergyandinfrastructure)以及為居民提供更好的教育、醫(yī)療保健和文化機會(greateraccesstoeducation,healthcare,andculturalopportunitiesforresidents)。這與選項A“文章中提到的城市化的一些優(yōu)勢是什么”相符。14.B解析思路:文章第三段討論了城市增長帶來的環(huán)境壓力，包括空氣和水污染(airandwaterpollution)、廢物管理問題(wastemanagementissues)和寶貴土地資源的消耗(consumptionofvaluablelandresources)。這與選項B“城市增長對環(huán)境構(gòu)成什么挑戰(zhàn)”一致。15.C解析思路:文章第三段提到，與社會不平等(socialinequality)和犯罪(crime)等社會問題在城市環(huán)境中通常更為突出(areoftenmorepronouncedinurbanenvironments)。選項C“文章中提到哪些社會問題在城市地區(qū)通常更嚴重”與文章內(nèi)容相符。16.D解析思路:文章最后一段提出了實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展的策略，包括促進公共交通(promotingpublictransportation)、綠色建筑實踐(greenbuildingpractices)和社區(qū)參與(communityengagement)。這與選項D“為實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展，建議采取哪些策略”相符。第二部分翻譯文化遺產(chǎn)的概念涵蓋了反映特定社區(qū)或社會的歷史、藝術(shù)、傳統(tǒng)和價值觀的廣泛有形和無形資產(chǎn)。這些資產(chǎn)包括歷史建筑、紀念碑、文物、傳統(tǒng)工藝、音樂、舞蹈、語言和口頭傳統(tǒng)等等。保護文化遺產(chǎn)對于維護文化多樣性和認同感至關(guān)重要，它為社區(qū)提供了歸屬感，并提供了深入了解過去的寶貴見解。在一個日益全球化的世界里，保護和發(fā)展文化遺產(chǎn)面臨著許多挑戰(zhàn)，包括自然退化、城市發(fā)展和傳統(tǒng)習俗的侵蝕。國際合作和聯(lián)合國教科文組織公約的采用對于提高認識并為保護文化遺產(chǎn)提供框架起到了重要作用。然而，仍有大量工作要做，以確保這些無價之寶得到保存，不僅作為過去的遺物，而且作為人類創(chuàng)造力和文化的活生生的表達，留給子孫后代。第三部分寫作（由于寫作部分是開放式題目，以下提供一種可能的范文及解析思路，僅供參考）范文：Thedrawingvividlydepictsapersonstandingatacrossroads,embodyingtheuniversalexperienceoflifechoices.Ontheleft,awell-litpathadornedwithsymbolsofsuccess–aluxuriousmansion,acar,andajoyfulfamily–representstheallureofaneasypath,perhapsfilledwithmaterialcomfortandsocietalrecognition.However,thispathisguardedbyatoweringmountain,suggestingthatachievingsuchsuccessrequiresimmenseeffortandmaynotbegenuinelyfulfilling.Ontheright,adimlylitpath,fraughtwithobstacleslikearushingriverandawearytraveler,symbolizesamorechallengingjourney.Thispath,thoughdifficult,leadstopersonalgrowth,self-discovery,andpotentiallydeeper,moremeaningfulac