四選一閱讀專題一匯報人：體裁微解——記敘文章節(jié)副標題01記敘文是以寫人、記事、狀物為主要內(nèi)容，以記敘和描寫為主要表達方式的文章。一篇記敘文，無論長短都應(yīng)該是一個完全獨立的事實，描寫人物、地點、事件和發(fā)生過程，表達作者的某種情感。主要具有以下特點：選材新穎、生動、真實、典型的素材描寫，讓讀者有身臨其境的感覺。內(nèi)容記敘文應(yīng)該包括六要素，即：時間、地點、人物、起因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果?？梢园词录l(fā)生的時間順序?qū)憽Ｐ问巾様?、倒敘、插敘。語言時態(tài)以一般過去時為主，其他時態(tài)為輔。合理使用豐富多彩的謂語動詞時態(tài)是英語記敘文首要的語言特征；多用動詞，尤其是動態(tài)強的行為動詞是英語記敘文又一個明顯的語言特征。命題主要集中在多個事件的先后順序與人物的情感態(tài)度上。高考英語記敘文設(shè)題主要集中在細節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題，因此，閱讀這類文章時，應(yīng)該在整體把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)的前提下，一方面要依據(jù)文章的順序和故事的發(fā)展弄清一系列事件的先后順序以及它們之間的邏輯關(guān)系，必要時可以對事件進行排序；另一方面，還要根據(jù)人物的處境和描寫、議論時所用的特定詞語來準確把握人物的情感與態(tài)度，做到入情入境，特別要留意描寫和議論時所用的形容詞和副詞。具體答題策略如下：解題策略策略指導(dǎo)技法解讀弄清六要素何人、何時、何地、因何原因做了何事、結(jié)果如何、有何啟示或感想。弄清寫作目的證明一個觀點；贊美某種美德；譴責某種行為；提供娛樂。關(guān)注開頭和結(jié)尾把握事情的發(fā)展動向，尾段通常是主題的升華所在。關(guān)注情感主線分析事情的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，弄清人物關(guān)系，透析文章的情感主線。TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-it-yourself).Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture，sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.真題體驗(2023·全國甲·B)語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了一位DIY高手TerriBolton以及DIY的日益流行。ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix，Terri，now26，accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday’sworkwasrewardedwith￡5inpocketmoney.Shesays，“I’msureIwasn’tmuchofahelptostartwith.ButwhenDerekbuiltourfamilyhouseabouteightyearsago，Iwasheavilyinvolved(參與)，paintingtheroomsandputtingdowntheflooringthroughoutthehouse.Ittookweeksanditwasbackbreakingwork，butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.”Terri，whonowrentsahousewithfriendsinWandsworth，SouthWestLondon，saysDIYalsosavesherfromlosinganydepositwhenatenancy(租期)comestoanend.Sheadds，“I’vemovedhousemanytimesandIalwaysliketopersonalisemyroomandputuppictures.So，it’sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI’vemovedout.”WithmillionsofpeoplelikelytotakeonDIYprojectsoverthatcomingweeks，newresearchshowsthatmorethanhalfofpeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthelong，warmsummerdaystogetjobsdone.Theaveragespendperprojectwillbearound￡823.Twothirdsofpeopleaimtoimprovetheircomfortwhileathome.Afifthwishtoincreasethevalueoftheirhouses.ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeenseenasmalehobby，theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge.24.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand”inparagraph1?A.Anartist. B.Awinner.C.Aspecialist. D.Apioneer.√詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線短語后文“Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogether...”可推知，此處指TerriBolton是一位DIY高手。C項最接近畫線短語的意思。故選C。25.WhydidTerri’sgrandfathergiveher￡5aday?A.Forabirthdaygift.B.Asatreatforherwork.C.TosupportherDIYprojects.D.Toencouragehertotakeupahobby.√推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段前三句以及最后一句可推知，Terri的祖父每天給她5英鎊是作為對她工作的獎勵。故選B。26.HowdidTerriavoidlosingthedepositonthehousesherented?A.Bymakingitlooklikebefore.B.Byfurnishingitherself.C.Bysplittingtherentwitharoommate.D.Bycancellingtherentalagreement.√推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句和最后一句可推知，Terri通過粉飾房間，讓它看起來像以前一樣，以此來避免被扣除租房的押金。故選A。27.WhattrendinDIYdoestheresearchshow?A.Itisbecomingmorecostly.B.Itisgettingmoretime-consuming.C.Itisturningintoaseasonalindustry.D.Itisgainingpopularityamongfemales.√細節(jié)理解題。通過最后一段中的“theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge”可知，研究表明，DIY正在女性群體中越來越受歡迎。故選D。A(2023·云南昆明一模)Adadsayshe’sbuiltaspecialbondwithhistwo-year-olddaughterafterrunningaseriesoflong-distanceraceswithherstrapped(用帶子系)tohisback.隨堂演練語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了一位曾患有焦慮癥的單身父親克里斯為幫助Project23組織募集資金背著年幼的女兒參加一系列馬拉松比賽的事跡。ChrisGreenbank,36，astonemason(石匠)fromStockport，GreaterManchester，evenmanagedtocompleteahalfmarathoncarryingtheyoungsterinaspecialhikingcarrier.Thesinglefather，whohassufferedfromanxietyinthepast，hasbeenraisingmoneytomentalhealthsupportgroupProject23.Thegroup，whichhelpspeoplewithanxietyandmentalhealthproblems，wassetupbyChris’sfriendMarkSproston.Chris’slatest，Runnorthwestsfestive10kinCheshire，washisfourthraceandhesays，possiblytheirlast，asthekidmaybetooheavyinspring.Besides，Chrishadbeenalittleworriediftheweatherwouldbetoochillyforhisdaughter.“Nomatterhowdifficultitis，IwanttogetusbothafestiveChristmasmedalbeforeitgetstoocold，”Headded，“Wehavefourmedalsnowandwehaverun51kmintotal.”InOctober，ChristookjustunderthreehourstocompletetheManchesterHalfMarathonwithhisdaughteronhisback.Thedadsayshislittlegirlrestedherhandonhisshoulderandkeptitthereforthewholedurationoftherun.Hesaid，“Ourbondisn’tsomethingyoucanevenputintowords.Myheartisfull.”Chris，whosaysexerciseisanimportantpartofpositivementalhealth，believesthereshouldbenoreasonwhypeoplecan’texercisebecausetheyhavekids.ThepairalsorantheWilmslow10kinJulythisyearandChesterZoo10kinOctober.Chrissaysofhisdaughter，“Shelovesit，andtheyarelikeminiadventures.”1.WhatdoweknowaboutProject23?A.ItwasfoundedbyChrisGreenbank.B.Ithasorganized4marathonevents.C.Ithelpspeoplewithpsychologicalproblems.D.Itoffersmedicalcaretothedisabled.√細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thegroup，whichhelpspeoplewithanxietyandmentalhealthproblems，wassetupbyChris’sfriendMarkSproston.”可知，這個組織是幫助患有焦慮和精神疾病的一個公益組織。故選C。2.WhydidChrisrunthemarathoninCheshirewithhisdaughter?A.Toshowthepublichisrunningskills.B.TowinamedalfortheirChristmas.C.Toraisemoneyforhisseriousillness.D.Todevelophishabitofdoingsports.√細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Nomatterhowdifficultitis，IwanttogetusbothafestiveChristmasmedalbeforeitgetstoocold”可知，他參加這場比賽是因為他希望在天太冷前得到圣誕獎?wù)?。故選B。3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeChris?A.Caringandloving.B.Frankanddemanding.C.Ambitiousandparticular.D.Generousandoutgoing.√推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thesinglefather，whohassufferedfromanxietyinthepast，hasbeenraisingmoneytomentalhealthsupportgroupProject23.”和第四段中的“Besides，Chrishadbeenalittleworriediftheweatherwouldbetoochillyforhisdaughter.”及他所說的話可知，克里斯幫助心理健康組織Project23籌款，且擔心天太冷凍著女兒，計劃在天太冷前不管多難也要得到圣誕獎?wù)?，由此可知，克里斯充滿了愛與關(guān)懷。故選A。4.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthetext?A.Tointroducewaystorelieveanxiety.B.Toshowtrainingmethodsofrunning.C.Toinvolvereadersincharityactivities.D.Toshareastoryofafatherandadaughter.√寫作意圖題。根據(jù)首段“Adadsayshe’sbuiltaspecialbondwithhistwo-year-olddaughterafterrunningaseriesoflong-distanceraceswithherstrapped(用帶子系)tohisback.”以及下文中講述的克里斯背著女兒參加一系列的馬拉松比賽情況可知，本文的目的是分享一對父女的故事。故選D。B(2023·湖北武漢5月?？?Backin1958，IwascrazyabouttheNorfolkandWestern746.Thesmoothbullet-noseenginewithitsorangeandyellowlinesandshinystreamlinedblacktender(車廂)seemedtohavecastaspellonme.語篇解讀本文是篇記敘文。文章通過描述作者自年少時到成年后對一輛玩具火車的情感變化，表達了他對祖父的思念之情。Togethertheengineandtendermeasuredalittleshyof2feet—enormousbythetoytrainstandardsoftheday.Evenbetter，the746hadaworkingheadlightandsmoker，anditstendersanghigh.Unfortunately，theamazing746alsohadanamazingprice—$50，equaltoabout$450today.Thatwasfarmorethanmygrandfathercouldafford.Instead，IhadtobecontentwithhislittleLionelplastic，whichwasSIXINCHESshorterthanthe746andhadnoheadlight，nosmokerornosound!Butthatwasthebestthatmygrandfathercouldgivemeatthattime.Yearspassed，andIwasinmy30s.Complicatedsoundsystemsandcomputercontrolsdominatedtoytrains.Inevergavealook.Myinterestintoytrains，Ifirmlybelieved，hadfaded，nordidmyadmirationforthe746，sincemygrandfatherwasnotwithme.The746wasnevercalledtomind.Onanordinaryday，however，Ihappenedtoseethe746outsidethewindowofatrainshow.Justonelook，Icouldnotlookaway.ChildhoodmemoriesthatItriedtohideinthedepthsofmyheartracedthroughmymind，happyorsad.ThatdayItookthe746homeandplaceditinthecentreoftheroom，andletmychildhooddreamsingitswayaroundme.Smokeroseoutfromtheengineandthesoftsongsoundedfromitstender.ItseemedasifIcouldseethesoftlightingrandfather’seyesandhearhischeerfullaughter.5.Whichbestdescribesthe746intheauthor’seyes?A.Itwastallerthantheauthor.B.Itspricerosefrom$50to$450.C.Itwasthelargesttrainin1958.D.Itsbeautywasbeyondcompare.√細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thesmoothbullet-noseenginewithitsorangeandyellowlinesandshinystreamlinedblacktender(車廂)seemedtohavecastaspellonme.”和第二段內(nèi)容可知，作者對746玩具火車非常迷戀，認為它非常完美，無與倫比。故選D。6.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenreceivinghislittleLionelplastic?A.Visiblyrelieved.

B.Reallyexcited.C.Terriblyshameful.

D.Slightlyunsatisfied.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“