7/7Unit1LearningAboutLanguageandUsingLanguage詞匯語法填空專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練一、刷單句填空在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Peter,aswellashis________（assist）,Lily,wasperformingachemicalexperimentyesterdayafternoon,butIdon'tknowwhethertheyhavefinishedit.2.Theviruswas________（initial）believedtobeacommonone,butwithmorecasesreported,itprovedwrong.3.Itissaidthatthespecialclassconsistsofsome________（gift）children.4.Thepersonwhois________chargeofthefactoryhasbeensicksincelastweek.5.Aquarrelbroke________lastSunday,andhebrokeawayfromhisfamily.6.Duringwinter,peopleshouldeatsomehotfoodtobenefitthebodyanddefend________thecoldweather.7.Itis________theCPC'sleadershipthatChinahasbecometheworld'ssecondlargesteconomy.8.Nowadaysthepriority（優(yōu)先權(quán)）fortravelling________（shift）fromshoppingtofoodandscenery.[江蘇2019·改編]9.________（confuse）aboutthevarietiesoforganicfood,Iseemedatseaaboutwhichtochoose.[浙江諸暨中學(xué)2020高三期中·改編]10.Theexactplacesthepolicemarkedonthemapwere________thesuspectedmurdererhadlived.二、刷語法填空體裁：說明文題材：介紹說明詞數(shù)：184難度：中建議用時：8分鐘[河北唐山2020高三一模]閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Everwonderedhowmanycaloriesareinthehumanbody？Oreverwonderedwhyoldpeoplehave1（big）earsthantheyusedto？ThewinnersofIgNobelPrizes（搞笑諾貝爾獎）havegottheanswers.TheIgNobelPrizes,2（found）in1991,aretohonourachievements3firstmakepeoplelaugh,andthenmakethemthink.Theceremony4（take）placeatHarvardUniversityeveryyear.Winners'acceptance5（speech）arelimitedto60seconds,6（strict）monitoredbyaneight-year-oldgirl.Thehonouredresearchmightseemridiculous7firstsight,butthatdoesn'tmeanitlacksscientificvalue.Forexample,theresearchin2006onwhydryspaghettitendstobreakintomorethantwopieceswhenitisbentwasimportantforcontrollingfractures,whichcouldhaveapplicationsineverythingfromthedesignofhighwaysandbridges8theengineeringofnanotubes.Andafollow-uppaper9（publish）byMITphysicistsseveralyearslater.Butpeoplearemorelikelytoreadthingsaboutthebrokenspaghettithantoreadanacademicpaper.Evenwhenthereisnoimmediateusefulness,10isstillgoodtoencouragepeopletoobserveandthink.1.________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________9.________10.________三、刷閱讀理解體裁：說明文題材：科學(xué)研究與發(fā)現(xiàn)詞數(shù)：291難度：中建議用時：7分鐘[遼寧營口大石橋三高2021高二月考]Accordingtoarecentstudy，anewgeneticallymodifiedricecanpreventinfectionsofHIV，thevirusresponsibleforthediseaseAIDS.ThestudyreportsthenewlydevelopedriceproducesproteinsthatattachdirectlytotheHIVvirus.Thisprocesspreventsthevirusfrommixingwithhumancells.Thescientistssayitcanremovetheeffectofthevirusandblockitsspreading.TheJointUnitedNationsProgrammeonHIV/AIDSreportsthatnearly37millionpeopleworldwidewerelivingwithHIVin2017.Theorganisationsaysthelargestnumberofthoseareindevelopingcountries.Nearlytwo-thirdsofHIVcasesareinAfrica.NowthereisnocureforHIV/AIDSthoughtherehavebeendevelopmentsinoraldrugtreatmentstoslowtheprogressionofthedisease.Thenewstudypredictstherice-basedmethodwillleadtolong-termuseoftheanti-HIVtreatmentacrossthedevelopingworld.Researcherssaysthe“groundbreaking”discoveryis“realisticallytheonlyway”thatanti-HIVcombinationtreatmentscanbeproducedatacostlowenoughforthedevelopingworld.Theysaytheeasiestandmostcost-effectivewaytousethericewillbetomakeitintoacreamtobeputontheskin.TheHIV-fightingproteinscanthenenterthebodythroughtheskin.Peopleallovertheworldcouldgrowthericeandmakethecreamthemselves.Thiswouldpreventthecostandtravelrequiredformanypatientstoreceivetreatmentsandmedicine.Theprocessofchangingthegeneticstructureoffoodcropshasbeendebatedforsometime.Criticsofgeneticallyengineeredcropsbelievetheycanharmpeople.Thescientificteamsaysfurthertestingisneededtoensurethatthegeneticengineeringprocessdoesnotproduceanyadditionalchemicalsthatcouldbedangeroustopeople.1.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph3?A.StresstheurgencyofHIVtreatments.B.ProvidesomedataaboutHIV.C.RemindreadersofHIVprevention.D.IntroduceHIVtothepublic.2.Inwhichwaywillthericebeusedatthelowestcost?A.Bytransformingitintoproteins.B.Byaddingittoanoraldrug.C.ByattachingittotheHIVvirus.D.Byprocessingitintoacream.3.Whatcanweinferaboutthegeneticengineeringprocess?A.ItcanpreventinfectionsofHIV.B.Itcanproducedangerouschemicals.C.Itstillrequiresperfecting.D.Itappliestothedevelopedworld.4.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Asocialwebpage.D.Afirst-aidbrochure.答案解析刷單句填空1.assistant句意為：彼得和他的助手莉莉昨天下午在做一個化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，但我不知道他們是否做完了。設(shè)空處應(yīng)填名詞，意為“助手”，故填assistant。2.initially此處修飾謂語動詞，應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。故填initially。3.gifted句意為：據(jù)說這個特殊的班級是由一些有天賦的孩子組成的。設(shè)空處修飾children，應(yīng)填形容詞，意為“有天賦的”，故填gifted。4.ininchargeof為固定搭配，意為“負(fù)責(zé)”。5.outbreakout為固定搭配，意為“突然發(fā)生；爆發(fā)”。6.against/from句意為：在冬季，人們應(yīng)該吃一些熱的食物，這樣有益于身體，還能抵御寒冷的天氣。defendagainst/from意為“抵御”。故填against/from。7.under句意為：在中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，中國已經(jīng)成為世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。underone'sleadership意為“在……的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下”。故填under。8.isshifted設(shè)空處是謂語動詞，shift與主語thepriorityfortravelling之間是被動關(guān)系，時間狀語是Nowadays，所以應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故填isshifted。9.Confused句意為：由于對各種各樣的有機(jī)食品感到困惑，我對該選什么感到困惑。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作狀語，意為“感到困惑的”，故填Confused。10.where句意為：警察在地圖上標(biāo)出的確切地點(diǎn)是謀殺案嫌疑人居住過的地方。thesuspectedmurdererhadlived是表語從句，連接詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，意為“……的地方”，應(yīng)用where。刷語法填空【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了搞笑諾貝爾獎。搞笑諾貝爾獎聽起來似乎很搞笑，但是這并不意味著它缺乏科學(xué)價值。1.bigger根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的than可知，此處要用形容詞的比較級。故填bigger。2.founded分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中已有謂語are，且無并列連詞與設(shè)空處連接，因此found應(yīng)用非謂語形式；found與TheIgNobelPrizes之間為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞作定語，修飾TheIgNobelPrizes。故填founded。3.that/which分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞achievements指物，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)該從句。故填that/which。4.takesTheceremony為句子的主語，設(shè)空處在句中作謂語。此處介紹的是一般事實(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語Theceremony為單數(shù)，謂語動詞也要用單數(shù)形式。故填takes。5.speechesspeech為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)后面的are可知此處應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填speeches。6.strictly設(shè)空處修飾過去分詞monitored，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填strictly。7.atatfirstsight為固定短語，意為“乍一看；最初看到時”。故填at。8.to句意為：比如，2006年關(guān)于干意大利面會在彎曲時斷裂成多于兩截的研究對斷裂控制很重要，其可應(yīng)用于從公路和橋梁設(shè)計(jì)到納米管工程的各個領(lǐng)域。from..…to...為固定搭配，意為“從…….到……”。故填to。9.waspublished根據(jù)時間狀語severalyearslater并結(jié)合前文時態(tài)可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，要用一般過去時；publish和主語afollow-uppaper之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；afollow-uppaper是單數(shù)，謂語動詞也要用單數(shù)形式。故填waspublished。10.it句意為：即使有時候沒有立竿見影的效果，鼓勵人們?nèi)ビ^察和思考也是好的。Evenwhenthereisnoimmediateusefulness為從句；在后面的主句中，toencouragepeopletoobserveandthink是真正的主語，因此應(yīng)用it作形式主語。故填it。刷閱讀理解【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家培育出了可預(yù)防艾滋病病毒感染的轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻。研究人員表示，這一開創(chuàng)性的發(fā)現(xiàn)“實(shí)事求是地講，是（治療艾滋?。┑奈ㄒ环椒ā?，能為發(fā)展中國家所使用，但其還有待進(jìn)一步完善。1.A推理判斷題。由第三段中的nearly37millionpeopleworldwidewerelivingwithHIVin2017及NowthereisnocureforHIV/AIDSthough