2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解模擬試卷閱讀技巧提升考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷PartAReadingComprehensionDirections:Inthepassagebelow,eachsentenceiseitheranexampleofMODERNTECHNOLOGYORanexampleofANCIENTPRACTICE.IfthesentencedescribesanexampleofMODERNTECHNOLOGY,writeMODERNonthecorrespondingline.IfthesentencedescribesanexampleofANCIENTPRACTICE,writeANCIENTonthecorrespondingline.Youmayuseeachletteronlyonce.ATheEiffelTower,aniconicsymbolofParis,wasconstructedusingrevolutionarysteelconstructiontechniquesforitstime._______BFarmersinancientEgyptusedtheNileRiver'sannualfloodingtoenrichtheirlandnaturally,relyingontheriver'ssiltwithoutartificialirrigationsystems._______CGPSdevicesandsatellitenavigationsystemsprovidereal-timelocationdata,enablingprecisemappingandrouteplanningthatwasimpossibleinancienttimes._______DArchaeologistsoftenusecarbon-14dating,ascientificmethodthatmeasuresthedecayoforganicmaterialstodeterminetheageofancientartifacts._______EThetraditionalJapaneseartofKintsugiinvolvesrepairingbrokenpotterywithlacquerdustedormixedwithpowderedgold,celebratingthehistoryoftheobject._______FModernairconditioningsystemsuserefrigerantsandcompressorstocoolanddehumidifyindoorair,aprocessfarremovedfromancientmethodsofventilation._______GIntheMiddleAges,peopleoftenreliedonoraltraditionsandwrittenrecordslikeilluminatedmanuscriptstopassdownstoriesandhistoricalevents._______HSelf-drivingcarsutilizeadvancedsensors,artificialintelligence,andcomplexalgorithmstonavigateroadswithouthumandrivers._______IAncientMesopotamiancivilizationsdevelopedcuneiformscript,oneoftheearliestknownwritingsystems,bypressingtokensintoclaytablets._______JDuringtheIndustrialRevolution,theinventionofthesteamenginepoweredmachineryandtransportation,fundamentallychanginghumanlaborandmobility._______KTraditionalmethodsofweaving,suchasthoseusedtocreatetartanpatternsinScotland,involvemanuallyinterlacingthreadstoproducefabric._______LModernmedicalimagingtechniqueslikeMRIandCTscansallowdoctorstovisualizeinternalbodystructuresinhighdetail,aidingindiagnosisandtreatment._______MTheuseofsolarpanelstoconvertsunlightdirectlyintoelectricityisacontemporarytechnologythatharnessesrenewableenergysources._______NAncientGreekphilosopherslikeSocratesandAristotleusedlogicalreasoninganddialecticalmethodstoexplorequestionsofethics,politics,andmetaphysics._______OThetraditionalcraftofpotteryinvolvesshapingclayonawheelorbyhand,firingitinakiln,andglazingitbeforeithardens._______PDronesequippedwithcamerasandsensorsareusedforvariouspurposes,includingagriculture,surveillance,anddeliveryservices,leveragingmodernelectronicsandflightcontrols._______PartBReadingComprehensionDirections:Thefollowingpassageisabouttheimpactoftechnologyoncommunication.Readthepassagecarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsbasedonwhatisstatedorimpliedinthepassage.Writeyouranswersneatlyontheanswersheet.Theadventoftheinternetanddigitalcommunicationtechnologieshasirrevocablytransformedhowhumansinteract,shareinformation,andbuildrelationships.Unliketheslowandoftenconstrainedmethodsofcommunicationprevalentinancienttimes—suchashandwrittenletterscarriedoverlongdistancesorface-to-faceinteractions—moderndigitalplatformsofferinstantaneousglobalconnectivity.Email,socialmedia,instantmessaging,andvideoconferencinghavebecomeintegraltoolsinbothpersonalandprofessionalrealms,enablingreal-timeexchangesregardlessofgeographicalbarriers.Proponentsarguethatthistechnologicalshifthasfosteredunprecedentedlevelsofaccessibilityandefficiency,allowingforrapiddisseminationofideas,enhancedcollaborationonaglobalscale,andthemaintenanceofsocialtiesacrosscontinents.However,criticscontendthattheveryspeedandreachofdigitalcommunicationmaybeerodingthedepthandqualityofhumanconnection.Theprevalenceoftext-basedcommunicationlackingnon-verbalcuescanleadtomisunderstandings,whilethecuratedandoftenidealizedportrayalsoflivesonsocialmediacanfosterfeelingsofinadequacyandisolation.Furthermore,concernsaboutdataprivacy,thespreadofmisinformation,andthepotentialfordigitaladdictionhighlightthecomplexchallengesaccompanyingtheintegrationoftechnologyintothefabricofdailylife.Associetycontinuestonavigatethisdigitallandscape,findingabalancebetweenleveragingtechnology'sbenefitsandmitigatingitsdrawbacksremainsacrucialendeavor.Q1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonemajoradvantageofmoderndigitalcommunicationcomparedtoancientmethods?Q2.Theword"integral"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:Q3.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasapotentialnegativeconsequenceofrelyingheavilyontext-baseddigitalcommunication?Q4.Theauthormentions"curatedandoftenidealizedportrayalsoflivesonsocialmedia"asanexampleof:Q5.Whatistheprimaryconcernraisedbythecriticsregardingdigitalcommunicationmentionedinthepassage?Q6.Basedontheinformationinthepassage,whatdoesitimplyaboutthefutureofhumancommunication?PartCReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingpassagecarefully.Then,answerthequestionsbasedonwhatisstatedorimpliedinthepassage.Writeyouranswersneatlyontheanswersheet.Theconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentdecadesasenvironmentaldegradationandresourcedepletionhavebecomeincreasinglyevidentglobalchallenges.Atitscore,sustainabilityseekstomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisholisticapproachrecognizestheinterconnectednessofenvironmental,social,andeconomicsystems.Intherealmofarchitecture,sustainabledesignprinciplesinvolveminimizingabuilding'senvironmentalfootprintthroughtechniquessuchasenergy-efficientheatingandcoolingsystems,theuseofrenewableenergysourceslikesolarpanels,andtheincorporationofsustainablematerialsthathavelowenvironmentalimpact.Greenroofsandlivingwalls,whichinvolvegrowingvegetationonrooftopsandbuildingfacades,respectively,notonlyimproveinsulationbutalsohelpmanagestormwaterandenhanceurbanbiodiversity.Furthermore,sustainablearchitectureemphasizestheimportanceofreducingwasteduringconstructionandensuringthelong-termdurabilityandadaptabilityofbuildings.Beyondthephysicalstructures,sustainabilityinarchitecturealsoencompassesthewell-beingoftheoccupants,advocatingfordesignsthatpromotehealth,comfort,andproductivity.Whiletheimplementationofsustainablebuildingpracticesofteninvolveshigherinitialcosts,proponentsarguethatthelong-termeconomicbenefits,suchasreducedenergybillsandincreasedpropertyvalue,aswellastheenvironmentalandsocialadvantages,justifytheinvestment.Achievingtruesustainabilityinarchitecturerequiresacollaborativeeffortinvolvingarchitects,engineers,policymakers,andcommunitiestofosterabuiltenvironmentthatisbothresilientandresponsible.Q7.Whatisthecentralideaofthepassage?Q8.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeexamplesofsustainabledesigntechniquesinarchitecture?Q9.Thephrase"holisticapproach"inthesecondparagraphisbestunderstoodas:Q10.Whatisapotentialeconomicbenefitmentionedinthepassageforsustainablebuildings?Q11.Thepassagesuggeststhatachievingsustainabilityinarchitecturerequires:Q12.Whatdoesthepassageimplyabouttherelationshipbetweensustainablebuildingpracticesandinitialcosts?PartDReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingpassagecarefully.Then,answerthequestionsbasedonwhatisstatedorimpliedinthepassage.Writeyouranswersneatlyontheanswersheet.Theglobalriseofthegigeconomy,characterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentemployment,representsasignificantshiftinthetraditionallabormarketstructure.Drivenbyadvancementsindigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithclientsglobally,thegigeconomyoffersindividualsunprecedentedflexibilityandthepotentialfordiverseincomestreams.騎手Deliveringfoodorpackagesusingbicyclesormotorscooters,writerscreatingcontentonfreelancewebsites,andconsultantsofferingspecializedservicesonaprojectbasisareallexamplesofgigwork.Proponentshighlighttheadaptabilitythismodelofferstobothworkers,whocanchooseprojectsthatfittheirschedulesandinterests,andbusinesses,whichbenefitfromscalablelaborresourceswithouttheoverheadcostsassociatedwithtraditionalemployees.However,thislabormodelisnotwithoutitscritics.Concernsfrequentlyraisedincludethelackofbenefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementplans,whichareoftenprovidedbytraditionalemployers.Thetransientnatureofgigworkalsoleadstojobinsecurityandinstability,withworkersfacinguncertaintyaboutfutureincomeandthepotentialforabruptprojectcancellation.Moreover,thecompetitivelandscapecan壓低wages,particularlyinfieldswithahighvolumeofgigworkers.Regulatingthegigeconomyremainsacomplexchallengeforpolicymakersworldwide,astheygrapplewithdefiningworkerstatus(employeeorindependentcontractor)andbalancingtheneedsofworkerswiththeoperationalflexibilitydesiredbyplatformcompaniesandbusinesses.Thelong-termsocialandeconomicimplicationsofthisgrowingemploymentsectorarestillbeingwidelydebated.Q13.Whatisthemaincharacteristicofthegigeconomymentionedinthepassage?Q14.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneadvantageofthegigeconomyforworkers?Q15.Theword"transient"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:Q16.Whataresomebenefitstraditionalemployerstypicallyprovidethatgigworkersoftenlack?Q17.Thepassagesuggeststhatakeychallengeforpolicymakersregardingthegigeconomyis:Q18.Basedontheauthor'sdescription,whatisthecurrentstateofunderstandingregardingthelong-termeffectsofthegigeconomy?---試卷答案AMODERNBANCIENTCMODERNDMODERNEANCIENTFMODERNGANCIENTHMODERNIANCIENTJMODERNKANCIENTLMODERNMMODERNNANCIENTOANCIENTPMODERNQ1.instantaneousglobalconnectivity解析：根據(jù)第二段第一句，“Theadventoftheinternetanddigitalcommunicationtechnologieshasirrevocablytransformedhowhumansinteract,shareinformation,andbuildrelationships.Unliketheslowandoftenconstrainedmethodsofcommunicationprevalentinancienttimes—suchashandwrittenletterscarriedoverlongdistancesorface-to-faceinteractions—moderndigitalplatformsofferinstantaneousglobalconnectivity.”可知，與古代緩慢且常常受限的交流方式（如carriedoverlongdistances的信件或face-to-face互動(dòng)）相比，現(xiàn)代數(shù)字平臺(tái)提供了即時(shí)全球連接。Q2.essential解析：根據(jù)第二段第二句，“email,socialmedia,instantmessaging,andvideoconferencinghavebecomeintegraltoolsinbothpersonalandprofessionalrealms”可知，電子郵件、社交媒體、即時(shí)消息和視頻會(huì)議已成為個(gè)人和專業(yè)領(lǐng)域不可或缺的工具。integrated在這里是essential的意思。Q3.misunderstandings解析：根據(jù)第三段第一句，“Theprevalenceoftext-basedcommunicationlackingnon-verbalcuescanleadtomisunderstandings”可知，缺乏非語言線索的文字通信可能導(dǎo)致誤解。Q4.anexampleofhowdigitalmediacanpresentunrealisticimages解析：根據(jù)第三段，“whilethecuratedandoftenidealizedportrayalsoflivesonsocialmediacanfosterfeelingsofinadequacyandisolation”可知，社交媒體上生活的精心策劃和通常理想化的描繪會(huì)滋生不安全感和社會(huì)孤立感。這表明社交媒體上的形象可能是不真實(shí)的或理想化的。Q5.jobinsecurityandinstability解析：根據(jù)第三段，“Concernsfrequentlyraisedincludethelackofbenefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementplans,whichareoftenprovidedbytraditionalemployers.Thetransientnatureofgigworkalsoleadstojobinsecurityandinstability,withworkersfacinguncertaintyaboutfutureincomeandthepotentialforabruptprojectcancellation”可知，批評(píng)者經(jīng)常提出的問題包括缺乏傳統(tǒng)雇主通常提供的福利，如健康保險(xiǎn)、帶薪休假和退休計(jì)劃。零工工作的臨時(shí)性也導(dǎo)致工作不安全和不穩(wěn)定，工人面臨著未來收入的不確定性和項(xiàng)目突然取消的潛在可能性。jobinsecurityandinstability是原文提到的兩個(gè)主要問題。Q6.itwillcontinuetoevolveandintegrateintodailylife解析：根據(jù)最后一段，“Associetycontinuestonavigatethisdigitallandscape,findingabalancebetweenleveragingtechnology'sbenefitsandmitigatingitsdrawbacksremainsacrucialendeavor”可知，社會(huì)繼續(xù)在這個(gè)數(shù)字景觀中導(dǎo)航，在利用技術(shù)的好處和減輕其弊端之間找到平衡仍然是一項(xiàng)至關(guān)重要的任務(wù)。這暗示了人類交流將繼續(xù)發(fā)展并融入日常生活，同時(shí)需要找到平衡點(diǎn)。Q7.Sustainabilityaimstomeetcurrentneedswithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds,consideringenvironmental,social,andeconomicsystemsinterconnectedly.解析：根據(jù)第一段第一句，“Theconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentdecadesasenvironmentaldegradationandresourcedepletionhavebecomeincreasinglyevidentglobalchallenges.Atitscore,sustainabilityseekstomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.”可知，可持續(xù)性的核心是在滿足當(dāng)代需求的同時(shí)，不損害子孫后代滿足自身需求的能力。Q8.energy-efficientheatingandcoolingsystems,theuseofrenewableenergysourceslikesolarpanels,theincorporationofsustainablematerials,greenroofs,andlivingwalls.解析：根據(jù)第二段，“Intherealmofarchitecture,sustainabledesignprinciplesinvolveminimizingabuilding'senvironmentalfootprintthroughtechniquessuchasenergy-efficientheatingandcoolingsystems,theuseofrenewableenergysourceslikesolarpanels,andtheincorporationofsustainablematerialsthathavelowenvironmentalimpact.Greenroofsandlivingwalls,whichinvolvegrowingvegetationonrooftopsandbuildingfacades,respectively,alsohelpmanagestormwaterandenhanceurbanbiodiversity.”可知，這些技術(shù)包括節(jié)能供暖和制冷系統(tǒng)、使用像太陽能電池板這樣的可再生能源、結(jié)合可持續(xù)材料、綠色屋頂和垂直綠化墻。Q9.acomprehensiveandintegratedapproach解析：根據(jù)第二段第二句，“Thisholisticapproachrecognizestheinterconnectednessofenvironmental,social,andeconomicsystems.”可知，這種整體方法認(rèn)識(shí)到環(huán)境、社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)是相互關(guān)聯(lián)的。holisticapproach指的是一種全面且整合的方法。Q10.reducedenergybills解析：根據(jù)第二段最后一句，“Whiletheimplementationofsustainablebuildingpracticesofteninvolveshigherinitialcosts,proponentsarguethatthelong-termeconomicbenefits,suchasreducedenergybillsandincreasedpropertyvalue,aswellastheenvironmentalandsocialadvantages,justifytheinvestment.”可知，支持者認(rèn)為，可持續(xù)建筑實(shí)踐的長(zhǎng)期經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，如reducedenergybills（降低能源賬單）和increasedpropertyvalue（提高房產(chǎn)價(jià)值），以及環(huán)境和社交優(yōu)勢(shì)，證明了投資的合理性。Q11.acollaborativeeffortinvolvingarchitects,engineers,policymakers,andcommunities解析：根據(jù)最后一句，“Achievingtruesustainabilityinarchitecturerequiresacollaborativeeffortinvolvingarchitects,engineers,policymakers,andcommunitiestofosterabuiltenvironmentthatisbothresilientandresponsible.”可知，實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的可持續(xù)建筑需要建筑師、工程師、政策制定者和社區(qū)的合作努力。Q12.sustainablebuildingpracticesofteninvolvehigherinitialcosts,butofferlong-termeconomicbenefits.解析：根據(jù)第二段最后一句，“Whiletheimplementationofsustainablebuildingpracticesofteninvolveshigherinitialcosts,proponentsarguethatthelong-termeconomicbenefits,suchasreducedenergybillsandincreasedpropertyvalue,aswellastheenvironmentalandsocialadvantages,justifytheinvestment.”可知，可持續(xù)建筑實(shí)踐的實(shí)施通常涉及更高的初始成本，但支持者認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)期的economicbenefits（經(jīng)濟(jì)利益）可以證明投資的合理性。這意味著初始成本可能較高，但長(zhǎng)期來看是有益的。Q13.short-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentemployment解析：根據(jù)第一段第一句，“Theglobalriseofthegigeconomy,characterizedbyshort-termc