【英語】高考英語閱讀理解(一)解題方法和技巧及練習(xí)題一、高中英語閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

Expertsnotethatanunhealthylifestylecanputyouatgreatriskofheartdiseaseandstroke.Sodoctorsurgeustoeathealthyfoods,getexercise,stopsmokingandlimitouralcoholintake.Butthereissomethingelseyoucando.Anditisfreeandeasy.Smile!

Dr.Chockalingam,aheartdiseasespecialistinColumbia,adviseshispatientstosmile.Hesaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelpyourheart."Whenwesmile,thebrainwiringchanges.Thechemicalsthatarereleasedaremorepositive."Hesayssmilingisthefirststepinfightingphysicalandemotionalstressanditssometimesharmfuleffectsonhumanhealth.ThisisnotjustNewAgeadvice.Severalstudiessupporthisopinion.

Whenyoufeelstressedorunderpressure,yourbodyreleasesmanynaturalhormones(荷爾蒙)includingadrenalineandcortisol.Adrenalineincreasesyourheartrateandbloodpressure.Cortisolisthebody'smainstresshormone.Itincreasessugarinthebloodstream.Ifyouaretrulyindanger,thesehormonescanhelpyou.Theyarepartofwhatwecallourfight-or-flightresponse.

However,whenwearestressedforalongperiod,thesestresshormonesareever-presentinourbodies.Andthat,medicalresearcherswarn,mayleadtohealthproblems.

Researcherssaytheconnectionbetweenstressandheartdiseaseisstillunclear.However,theyclaimthatwhenpeoplearestressedforlongperiodsoftime,theymayhaveanunhealthylifestyle,whichcanleadtohealthproblems.

Dr.Chockalingamsaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelp.Hetellshispatientstosmile20timesanhour.Tosome,thatmightseemlikealotofsmiling.Orsomemightevenfeelfoolish...smilingforseeminglynoreason.Butasmiledoesnotinvolvedrugs.Itisnotinvasivelikeasurgicaloperation.Itisfreeandithasnobadsideeffects.

"Oncepeoplesmile,theyarerelaxing.Thisrelaxationdirectlylowersbloodpressure,improvessugarlevelsintheblood.Ifwearesmiling,wearebreakingthatlinkbetweenstressandhealth."Anditjustmayprovidealittleextraprotectiontoeveryone'shearthealth.（1）WhichofthefollowingagreeswithDr.Chockalingam'sopinion?A.Smilehasthesameeffectsaslaughter.B.Smilecanbeusedtotaketheplaceofmedicine.C.Smileisbetterthananyhealthylifestyletohealth.D.Smilecanmakeourbodyproducebeneficialchemicals.（2）Whatcanweknowaboutthementionedstresshormones?A.Theycanlowerourbloodpressure.B.Theywillsurelyleadtoheartdiseases.C.Theycanbenefituswhenweareindanger.D.Theywillmakeusliveanunhealthylifestyle.（3）WhydoesDr.Chockalingamthinksmilingishelpfultoourhealth?A.Itcanmakeusrelax.B.Itincreasessugarlevels.C.Ithaslittlebadsideeffects.D.Itcanhappenfornoreason.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AThoroughAnalysisoftheCausesofHeartDiseasesB.OneThingYouCanDoRightNowtoHelpYourHeartC.OneThingThatIsCloselyConnectedwithStressHormonesD.TheClearConnectionBetweenUnhealthyLifestylesandHeartDiseases【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，哥倫比亞的心臟病專家Chockalingam博士建議多保持微笑，他認(rèn)為微笑可能是幫助心臟的一種方式。同時說明了微笑有利于健康的原因和人們感到壓力時的身體反應(yīng)等情況。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whenwesmile,thebrainwiringchanges.Thechemicalsthatarereleasedaremorepositive.”當(dāng)我們微笑時，大腦的線路會發(fā)生變化。釋放出的化學(xué)物質(zhì)更積極?？芍珻hockalingam博士認(rèn)為微笑能使我們的身體產(chǎn)生有益的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ifyouaretrulyindanger,thesehormonescanhelpyou.”如果你真的有危險，這些荷爾蒙會幫助你?？芍?，當(dāng)我們處于危險中時，壓力荷爾蒙可以幫助我們。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ifwearesmiling,wearebreakingthatlinkbetweenstressandhealth.Anditjustmayprovidealittleextraprotectiontoeveryone'shearthealth.”如果我們微笑，我們就打破了壓力和健康之間的聯(lián)系。而且它可能會為每個人的心臟健康提供一點(diǎn)額外的保護(hù)?？芍?，Chockalingam博士認(rèn)為微笑可以使我們放松，從而有利于我們的健康。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“Dr.Chockalingam,aheartdiseasespecialistinColumbia,adviseshispatientstosmile.Hesaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelpyourheart.”哥倫比亞的心臟病專家Chockalingam博士建議他的病人保持微笑。他說，微笑可能是幫助心臟的一種方式。以及結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容主要介紹了微笑能夠讓我們放松進(jìn)而有利于我們的健康，所以要健康那就要多微笑，所以選B?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

NewSouthWales,Australia,issettingupcamerasaspartofanefforttoreducethenumberofpeoplepreoccupiedwithwirelessdeviceswhiletheydrive.Itwillbethefirstareaintheworldtousethetechnologytopunishdriversdistracted(分心)withtelephonecalls,socialmediaortextmessages.

RoadSafetyexpertsareconcernedaboutthegrowingnumberofaccidentsinvolvingdriversusingsmartphonesonthestate'sroads.Theysaydriverswhousephoneswhiledrivinggreatlyincreasetheirchancesofbeinginvolvedinanaccident.

TheNewSouthWalesgovernmentplanstoplace45MobilePhoneDetectionCamerasacrossthestatebyDecember.Eachphonedetectionunitcontainstwocameras.Onecameratakespicturesofavehicle'sregistrationplate(牌照).Asecondcameralooksthroughthefrontwindowofacarortrucktoseewhatdriversaredoingwiththeirhands.

Theunitsuseartificialintelligencetosetasidedriverswhoarenottouchingtheirphones.Humanbeingsthenconfirmifthepicturesshowillegalbehaviorbeforenoticeissenttothevehicle'sregisteredowner.Aviolation(違反)carriesfineof$232.Somecameraswillbepermanentlysetuponroadsides.Otherswillbemoved,fromtimetotime,aroundthestate.

Twofixedcamerastookphotographsof8.5millionvehiclesaspartofasix-monthtestearlierthisyear.Thecamerastookphotosofmorethan100,000driverswiththeirhandsonphones.Onedriverwasusingaphoneandanotherelectronicdevice,anAppleiPad,atthesametime.Anotherdriverhadapassengerguidethevehiclewhiletheybothheldphones,thestategovernmentsaid.（1）WhatistherealpurposetosetupcamerasinNewSouthWale?A.Tokeeprecordsoftheaccidents.B.Topromotethelatesttechnology.C.Tofindillegalbehaviorofthedrivers.D.Toforcedriverstofocusmoreondriving.（2）Whatcanweinferfromtheroadsafetyexperts?A.Smart-phonesaremainkillersontheroad.B.Allaccidentsresultfromdrivers'usingcell-phones.C.Measuresarebadlyneededtobanusingphoneswhiledriving.D.Carryingasmart-phonewhiledrivingwillcauseanaccident.（3）Howdoesthephonedetectionunitfunctioneffectively?A.Itcorrectsthedrivers'wrongbehavior.B.Ithastwocamerastorecordtheplates.C.Itsendsanoticetothelegaldiverautonomously.D.Itcombinesartificialintelligencewithhuman'sefforts.（4）Whatdidasix-monthtestshow?A.Electronicdevicescouldhelpdiversindeed.B.Marypassengerhelpedoperatethevehicles.C.Manydriversusedelectronicdeviceswhiledriving.D.Itwascommontobebusywithtwowirelessdevices.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了澳大利亞新南威爾士州正在設(shè)置攝像頭，以減少開車時全神貫注于無線設(shè)備的人數(shù)。用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)懲罰那些因電話、社交媒體或短信分心的司機(jī)，將是世界上第一個。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段“NewSouthWales,Australia,issettingupcamerasaspartofanefforttoreducethenumberofpeoplepreoccupiedwithwirelessdeviceswhiletheydrive.Itwillbethefirstareaintheworldtousethetechnologytopunishdriversdistracted（分心）withtelephonecalls,socialmediaortextmessages.”澳大利亞新南威爾士州正在設(shè)置攝像頭，以減少開車時全神貫注于無線設(shè)備的人數(shù)。用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)懲罰那些因電話、社交媒體或短信分心的司機(jī)，將是世界上第一個。所以判斷出，新南威爾士設(shè)置攝像頭的真正目的是迫使司機(jī)更專注于駕駛。故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“RoadSafetyexpertsareconcernedaboutthegrowingnumberofaccidentsinvolvingdriversusingsmartphonesonthestate'sroads.Theysaydriverswhousephoneswhiledrivinggreatlyincreasetheirchancesofbeinginvolvedinanaccident.”可知道路安全專家對越來越多的司機(jī)在州內(nèi)道路上使用智能手機(jī)的事故表示關(guān)注。他們說，司機(jī)在開車時使用手機(jī)，大大增加了發(fā)生事故的可能性。所以判斷出，道路安全專家認(rèn)為急需采取措施禁止開車時使用手機(jī)。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theunitsuseartificialintelligencetosetasidedriverswhoarenottouchingtheirphones.Humanbeingsthenconfirmifthepicturesshowillegalbehaviorbeforenoticeissenttothevehicle'sregisteredowner.”可知這些裝置使用人工智能技術(shù)，將不接觸手機(jī)的司機(jī)隔離開來。然后，在通知車主之前，由人類確認(rèn)照片上是否有違法行為。因此，手機(jī)檢測裝置是把人工智能和人類的努力結(jié)合起來。故選D。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Twofixedcamerastookphotographsof8.5millionvehiclesaspartofasix﹣monthtestearlierthisyear.Thecamerastookphotosofmorethan100，000driverswiththeirhandsonphones.”可知今年早些時候，作為為期6個月的測試的一部分，兩個固定攝像頭拍攝了850萬輛汽車的照片。這些攝像頭拍攝了10萬多名駕駛員的手拿著手機(jī)的照片。所以，六個月的測試顯示了許多司機(jī)在開車時使用電子設(shè)備。故選C。【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Fortopstudentsfromlow-incomefamilies,thechallengeofapplyingtocollegesisparticularlydifficult.1in4dealwithallofthat—thewriting,thestudying,theresearchingandapplying—completelyontheirown.Oneapproachtomakethiswholeprocesseasier?Pairstudentsupwithanadviser.

That'stheideabehindCollegePoint,aninitiativetohelpgiftedstudentsgotoschoolsthatmatchtheirintellectual(智力的)ability.Whenahighschoolstudenttakesastandardizedtest—thePSAT,SATorACT——andtheyscoreinthe90thpercentile,andtheirfamiliesmakelessthan$80,000ayear,theygetanemailfromtheprogramofferingthemafreeadviser.Theadviserslisten,guideandanswerstudents'questions.

ConnorRechtzigel,anadviserinMinnesota,seestheimportanceofhisrole,forresearchshowsthatlow-incomestudentsarefarmorelikelytoundermatchbecausetheydon'tthinktheyhavewhatittakestogetinandbecausemanydon'tevenknowwhatschoolsareoutthere.HehelpedhighschoolseniorJusticeBenjamin,thefirstinhisfamilytoapplytocollege,thinkaboutwhathisideallearningexperiencewas.Finally,Justicenarrowedinonsmallerschoolswherehecouldstudyenvironmentalscienceandmadehisfinalchoice：SkidmoreCollegeinNewYork.Hefeltempoweredbytheprocess.

Figuringouthowtopayforcollegeisamajorpartofwhat,CollegePointadvisersdo.Nakhle,anadviserinNorthCarolina,isworkingwithHensley,anOhiohighschoolseniorwhocan'tgetextrafinancialhelpfromherfamily.Theyspentalotoftimecomparingandanalyzingherfinancial-aidawardletters,whichmadeherdecisionmuchclearer.Finally,theOhioStateUniversityofferedanoptionwhereshewouldpaynothing.Stayingin-statewasn'therfirstchoice,butitwasthebestoptionforher.（1）Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.HowCollegePointworks.B.ThegoalofCollegePoint.C.Waystoapplyforafreeadviser.D.Thechallengeofchoosingcolleges.（2）Whatpreventslow-incomestudentsfromattendingpropercolleges?A.Overestimatingtheirabilities.B.Knowinglittleaboutcolleges.C.Lackofenoughlearningexperience.D.Failuretogetsupportfromtheirfamilies.（3）WhydidHensleyfinallychoosetheOhioStateUniversity?A.Shedidn'twanttostayfarfromhome.B.Herfavoritemajorwasprovidedthere.C.Shewouldshowhertalentstothefull.D.Theuniversitymetherfinancialneeds.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoBeaFinancialAdviserB.StepsforTopStudentstoSelectIdealCollegesC.AdvisersHelpPoorStudentsApplytoSuitableCollegesD.CollegePoint—aProgramHelpingStudentsScoreHigh【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一款幫助貧困家庭的優(yōu)秀生申請合適大學(xué)的虛擬建議程序。（1）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段“That'stheideabehindCollegePoint，aninitiativetohelpgiftedstudentsgotoschoolsthatmatchtheirintellectual(智力的)ability.Whenahighschoolstudenttakesastandardizedtest—thePSAT，SATorACT——andtheyscoreinthe90thpercentile，andtheirfamiliesmakelessthan$80，000ayear，theygetanemailfromtheprogramofferingthemafreeadviser.Theadviserslisten，guideandanswerstudents'questions.”可知本段講述了CollegePoint的建議者們對那些大學(xué)考試分?jǐn)?shù)過關(guān)，但是年收入不到8萬美元的家庭提供免費(fèi)的選擇大學(xué)方面的指導(dǎo)?？梢缘弥v述了CollegePoint是如何運(yùn)作的。故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“...，forresearchshowsthatlow-incomestudentsarefarmorelikelytoundermatchbecausetheydon'tthinktheyhavewhatittakestogetinandbecausemanydon'tevenknowwhatschoolsareoutthere.”可知研究表明低收入家庭的學(xué)生們很可能選擇的大學(xué)是低匹配的，因?yàn)樗麄儾涣私獯髮W(xué)。故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Nakhle，anadviserinNorthCarolina，isworkingwithHensley，anOhiohighschoolseniorwhocan'tgetextrafinancialhelpfromherfamily.Theyspentalotoftimecomparingandanalyzingherfinancial-aidawardletters，whichmadeherdecisionmuchclearer.Finally，theOhioStateUniversityofferedanoptionwhereshewouldpaynothing.”家境貧寒的Hensley和北卡來羅那的建議者一起分析她的經(jīng)濟(jì)救助獎項(xiàng)，使得她的大學(xué)選擇更清晰?？芍狧ensley選擇俄亥俄大學(xué)是因?yàn)檫@個大學(xué)符合她的經(jīng)濟(jì)水平。故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Oneapproachtomakethiswholeprocesseasier?Pairstudentsupwithanadviser.”，以問答形式引出文章主題讓申請大學(xué)更簡單更匹配，可以選擇一款幫助貧困家庭的優(yōu)秀生申請合適大學(xué)的虛擬建議程序。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷，段落大意和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Thenoiseofchatteringmouthssubsided（平息）astheteacherenteredclassroom.“Goodmorningclass.IamRiffatMonaf,andIwillbeyourgeographyteacher.”RiffatMonaf,aninterestingnameandanevenmoreinterestingperson.Herintroductiontookplaceaboutsixyearsago,andsincethenIhavenevermetamoreinfluentialpersoninmylife.

MrsMonafnotonlyconqueredmewithhervastknowledgeofgeography,butalsowonmeoverwithhersmileandwarmeyes.ItwasinherclassthatItraveledtothehighestmountainsandtothedeepestseasfromthecomfortoftheclassroom.Ilearnedaboutthevastoceans,theeruptingvolcanoes,thesnow-cappedmountainsandthegreenvalleys.Shewouldoftenrelateheradventuresabouttravelingtodifferentpartsoftheworld.

NevercanIforgetthegloryofherfacewhenshetalksabouthowtrulybeautifulthisworldis.IfIsearchbackmylovefortheenvironmentandgeography,Ifindhertobethesourceofmyloveforpreservingnature.IfonedayIbecameanenvironmentalist,IknowthatI'llthankherforit.Apartfromthis,shehasalwaysgreetedmewithopenarmsandshecallsherstudents“mychildren”.MrsMonaf'smoralsandvaluesrubbedoffmedeeplyandIhavealwaystakenheradviceintoconsideration.Shehasbeenoneofthemostconsistentlygoodthingsinmylife.

Currently,sheisfightingabattleagainstbreastcancer,anditpainsmetoknowthatafterallshehasdoneforme;Icandonothingforherexceptpray.WheneverIseeherinschool,shestillkeepsthatkindsmileandanexpressionsosoftthatittremblesmyheart.MrsMonafstilltalksenthusiasticallyaboutgeography,andIknowthatIcanneverseewhatatrulygreatpersonshehasbeeninmylife..（1）Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.

Thewritertraveledalot.

B.

MrsMonafwasalearnedperson.C.

Thewriterdidwellatschool.

D.

MrsMonafenjoyedtellingstories.（2）Theunderlinedword“rubbedoff”means

.A.

moved

B.

shocked

C.

influenced

D.

defeated（3）Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.

Mrs.Monafwasanoptimisticperson.

B.

BreastcancermadeMrs.Monafupset.C.

Anothergreatpersonmayappearinmylife.

D.

PrayingforMrs.Monafmadethewritertremble.（4）Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.

MyInterestingSchoolLife

B.

TheTeacher-studentFriendshipC.

AnInfluentialPersoninMyLife

D.

BraveFightAgainstBreastCancer【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了生命中有影響力的人。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“MrsMonafnotonlyconqueredmewithhervastknowledgeofgeography,butalsowonmeoverwithhersmileandwarmeyes”.可知MrsMonaf是一個有學(xué)問的人。故選B。(2)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“IfonedayIbecameanenvironmentalist,IknowthatI'llthankherforit.”如果有一天我成為了環(huán)保主義者，我知道我會感謝她的。；“Apartfromthis,shehasalwaysgreetedmewithopenarmsandshecallsherstudents‘mychildren’”.除此之外，她總是張開雙臂歡迎我，她稱她的學(xué)生為“我的孩子”。；“MrsMonaf'smoralsandvaluesrubbedoffmedeeplyandIhavealwaystakenheradviceintoconsideration.”MrsMonaf'的道德和價值觀深深地影響了我，我也一直把她的建議考慮進(jìn)去。由此可推知劃線部分的意思是“影響”，故選C。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“WheneverIseeherinschool,shestillkeepsthatkindsmileandanexpressionsosoftthatittremblesmyheart.MrsMonafstilltalksenthusiasticallyaboutgeography,andIknowthatIcanneverseewhatatrulygreatpersonshehasbeeninmylife.”可知Mrs.Monaf是一個樂觀的人。故選A。(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“RiffatMonaf,aninterestingnameandanevenmoreinterestingperson.Herintroductiontookplaceaboutsixyearsago,andsincethenIhavenevermetamoreinfluentialpersoninmylife.”可知講述的是“我生命中有影響力的人”。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇人物類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行分邏輯推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Thesettingwasapackedgymnasiumjustbeforethestartofagameagainstanotherschool.TherewerefivegirlswhoweremembersoftheDanvilleHighSchoolbasketballteam—allofthemstarters.Theywerenotinuniformtoplaythatnightandwouldnotbeontheteamfortherestofthisseason.Theyweretheretoadmittheirbreakingofteamrules.Theyweretheretosupporttheircoach'sdecisiontotakethemofftheteam.Theyweretheretoletthetownknowtherewasaproblemintheirlittlecommunitythatneededtobeaddressed.Andtheydiditwithsincereregretratherthandefensiveness.

WhiletheschoolhadbeenoutfortheNewYear'sholiday,thefivegirlshadgonetothepartywithseveraloftheirfriends.Therewasalcoholthere.Andtheyalldranksome.

CoachRainvillehasazerotoleranceruleondrugsandalcoholforhermembersthoughitwasaharddecisiontomake.Whenclassesresumedandaccountsofholidaypartieswereshared,rumorsaboutthefivegirlsbeganclosinginonthem.Thecoachsaidshecouldn'tbackdownonherrules.Andtheplayers—twojuniorstudentsandthreeseniorstudents—agreed.Thatnightinthegymwaspartoftheirpublicsupportofthecoach'sdecision.

“Wehopeyouwillunderstandthatwearenotbadkids.Whatwedidwasdefinitelynotworthit.Wehopethiseventwillmakeeveryonerealizethatthereisabigdrugandalcoholprobleminourcommunity,”oneoftheseniorstudentssaid,“Andifyouworkwithustotrytosolvethisproblem,youwillhelpusfeelthatwehavenotbeenthrownoffourbasketballteamfornothing.”Thefiveleftthefloortodeafeningapplause.

Theteammaynotwinanothergamethisyear.Butthey'velearntsomethingaboutpersonalresponsibility,theeffectofone'sactiononothers,andhonestythatwillservethemwellthroughoutlife.（1）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthefivegirlswhowerekickedofftheteamwere________.A.

verygoodplayersontheteam

B.

addictedtoalcoholanddrugsC.

threejuniorstudentsandtwoseniorstudents

D.

scoldedbytheirparentsfordrinkingalcohol（2）Whatdidthegirlsdotosupporttheircoach'sdecision?A.

Theydidn'tfightforDanvilleHighSchoolanymore.

B.

Theyallgavespeechestoapologizeinthelocalpress.C.

Theyadmittedtheirmistakeinpublicinthegymnasium.

D.

Theywouldneverdrinkanyalcoholthroughouttheirlife.（3）WhichwordbestdescribesthecoachRainville?A.

Indifferent.

B.

Strict.

C.

Stubborn.

D.

Cruel.（4）Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.

Growingupwithpain

B.

AbadmistakeC.

Teamrulesareeverything

D.

Basketballgirlsinhighschool【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，五個女孩在假期期間違反團(tuán)隊(duì)紀(jì)律喝酒，教練對于隊(duì)員破壞紀(jì)律零容忍，責(zé)令她們離開團(tuán)隊(duì)。五個女孩接受了處罰，并做出了公開道歉。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theyweretheretoadmittheirbreakingofteamrules.Theyweretheretosupporttheircoach'sdecisiontotakethemofftheteam.Theyweretheretoletthetownknowtherewasaproblemintheirlittlecommunitythatneededtobeaddressed.Andtheydiditwithsincereregretratherthandefensiveness.Theyweretheretoadmittheirbreakingofteamrules.Theyweretheretosupporttheircoach'sdecisiontotakethemofftheteam.Theyweretheretoletthetownknowtherewasaproblemintheirlittlecommunitythatneededtobeaddressed.Andtheydiditwithsincereregretratherthandefensiveness.”可知，這幾個女孩是很好的隊(duì)員，她們勇敢承認(rèn)了違反了團(tuán)隊(duì)紀(jì)律，并支持教練把她們開除出隊(duì)的決定。故選A。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thesettingwasapackedgymnasiumjustbeforethestartofagameagainstanotherschool.”和“Theyweretheretosupporttheircoach'sdecisiontotakethemofftheteam.”以及第二段中的“Thatnightinthegymwaspartoftheirpublicsupportofthecoach'sdecision.”可知，這些女孩在體育館公開承認(rèn)錯誤來支持教練的決定。故選C。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“CoachRainvillehasazerotoleranceruleondrugsandalcoholforhermembersthoughitwasaharddecisiontomake.”和“Thecoachsaidshecouldn'tbackdownonherrules.”可推斷，教練對于隊(duì)員吸毒喝酒零容忍，堅(jiān)持將這個五個女孩從團(tuán)隊(duì)除名，因此推斷她是嚴(yán)厲的。故選B。(4)考查主旨大意。文章講述了五個女孩因?yàn)楹染票婚_除出籃球隊(duì)的故事，文章最后一段對這件事情做了總結(jié)，因此可知文章主要想告訴讀者這些女孩通過這件事學(xué)會了負(fù)責(zé)任，了解了自己的行為對他人的影響，誠實(shí)會讓她們一生受益。因此推斷A項(xiàng)“在痛苦中成長”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Itwasthemen'sskatingfinalsoftheWinterOlympicswhenIwas16.SomedayI'dbeintheOlympics.Infact,itwasmydream.

ThatnightIlayonourlivingroomfloorexcitedlywatchingthebattlebetweentheBrians:AmericanBrianBoitanofacingBrianOrserinCanada.Bothofthemhadbeenworldchampions.Bothofthemdeservedtowin.NaturallyIwasforBrianBoitano,anorthernCalifornianlikeme.Wehadskatedonthesameice.Iheldmybreathinamazement.Boitanoperformedsuccessfully.Thegoldmedal!Ijumpedintheairwhenhisscorewentup.

ButwhathappenednextiswhatI'llneverforget.BrianBoitanosatinfrontofthecamerawithhiscoach,surroundedbyagroupofjournalist.Hewastalkingabouthiscareerandhismedal,talkingtothewholeworld.Aterriblesinkingfeelingwentthroughme.IcouldneverbeintheOlympics,Ithought…Icouldnottalkinpubliclikethat.Justtheideaofapressconferenceterrifiedme.

IlovedskatingpartlybecauseIdidn'thavetotalk.Icouldexpressmyselfwithmyjumpsanddancesbetter.Ididn'thavetostandupandgiveaspeechlikesometeachersexpected.IcouldfeelthebloodrushtomyfaceifIthoughtateacherwasgoingtocallme.Istaredatmyshoes.IwassureI'dmakeafoolofmyself.

ThenextdayIwasattherink(溜冰場)asusual.Iwaspractisingacombinationofjumpsthathadonceseemedimpossible.Iworkedveryhardthenextfewyears—ontheiceandespeciallyoff.AfterjournaliststalkedtomeandalthoughmyheartpoundedeverytimeIspoketothem,Igottoknowthem.Theybecamefamiliarfaces.Andtheygottoknowme.SowhenmybigmomentcamefouryearsafterBrian's,Iwasready.

SometimesIthinkmybiggestaccomplishmentwasnotwinningthegoldbuttalkingtothepressafterwards.Whenyoudothethingyoufearmost,youputanendtofear.

Fearcanstopyoudeadinyourtracks.Fearcankilladream.Whatareyouafraidof?Whatscaresyoumorethananythingelse?Thisyear,walkrightuptoitandconquerit,stepbystep.（1）Whatinformationcanwegetfromthesecondparagraph?A.

Theauthorlivedahardlife.

B.

TheauthorcomesfromCanada.C.

TheauthoronceskatedwithOrser.

D.

TheauthorwishedBoitanotowinthematch.（2）Whatisoneofthereasonswhytheauthorlikedskatingaccordingtothepassage?A.

Shecouldbuildupherbodytobehealthier.

B.

Itcouldhelphertogetclosertoheridol.C.

Shecouldbetterexpressherselfwithbodylanguage.

D.

Thepossibilityofherbeingaworldchampionwasgreat.（3）Whattheauthorfeltthemostsatisfiedwithisthat

.A.

shereachedhercoach'sexpectations

B.

shebecameaworldchampionasplannedC.

shemanagedtoovercomeherinnerfeareventually

D.

shehandledthebalancebetweenhercareerandlife（4）Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?A.

Faceafearbravely.

B.

Practicemakesperfect.C.

Badtimesmakeagoodman.

D.

Failureisthemotherofsuccess.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者克服自己的恐懼心理，在奧運(yùn)奪冠后，勇敢面對記者采訪的故事。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“NaturallylwasforBrianBoitano,anorthernCalifornianlikeme”可知作者希望BrianBoitano能贏，故選D。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“IlovedskatingpartlybecauseIdidn'thavetotalk.Icouldexpressmyselfwithmyjumpsanddancesbetter”可知作者不愛言談，喜歡滑冰是因?yàn)檫@是表達(dá)自己的方式。故選C。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“SometimesIthinkmybiggestaccomplishmentwasnotwinningthegoldbuttalkingtothepressafterwards”可知他認(rèn)為自己最大的成功是克服了自己的恐懼，勇敢面對記者。故選C。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Fearcanstopyoudeadinyourtrack.Fearcankilladream”和“…walkrightuptoitandconquerit，stepbystep”可知作者想要告訴我們要勇敢面對自己的恐懼，故選A。【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

It's3o'clockandyou'vebeenhardatwork.Asyousitatyourdesk,astrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyou.Youtrytobusyyourselftomakeitgoaway.Butitdoesn't.Hereisanothersituation.Perhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchickensoup,likeyourmomusedtomakewhenyouweresickasachild.Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.

ScientistsatthewebsiteHowStuffWorkscomparehungerandcravingsthisway.Hungerisafairlysimpleconnectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain.Theyevencallitsimply“stomachhunger.”Whenourstomachsburnupallofthefoodwehaveeaten,ahormone(荷爾蒙)sendsamessagetoonepartofthebrainformorefood,whichregulatesourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst,hungerandsleep.Thebrainthenproducesachemicaltostarttheappetiteandyoueat.Hungerisafunctionofsurvival.

Acravingismorecomplex.Itactivates(使活躍)brainareasrelatedtoemotion,memoryandreward.Thesearethesameareasofthebrainactivatedduringdrug-cravingstudies.So,somescientistscallfoodcravings“mindhunger.”Peopleoftencravefoodsthatarehighinfatandsugar.Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarproducechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.

Ina2007study,researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthat“dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcraving.”So,themoreyoudenyyourselfafoodthatyouwant,themoreyoumaycraveit.However,fastingisabitdifferent.Theyfoundthateatingnofoodatallforashortperiodoftimelessenedfoodcravings.

So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach.（1）Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.

Toremindreade