（英語）英語閱讀理解(人物故事)專題練習(xí)(及答案)及解析一、高中英語閱讀理解人物故事類1．閱讀理解

OnMarch25,2010,KateandDavidheardthewordseveryparentdreads:Theirnewbornwasn'tgoingtomakeit.Theirtwins-agirlandaboy-wereborntwominutesapartand14weekspremature,weighingjustovertwopoundseach.Doctorshadtriedtosavetheboyfor20minutesbutsawnoimprovement.Hisheartbeatwasnearlygone,andhe'dstoppedbreathing.Thebabyhadjustmomentstolive.

"Isawhimgasp(喘息),butthedoctorsaiditwasnouse,"KatetoldtheDailyMailfiveyearslater."Iknowitsoundsstupid,butifhewasstillgasping,thatwasasignoflife.Iwasn'tgoingtogiveupeasily."

Still,thecoupleknewthiswaslikelyagoodbye.Inanefforttocherishherlastminuteswiththetinyboy,Kateaskedtoholdhim.

"Iwantedtomeethim,andforhimtoknowus,"KatetoldToday."We'dresignedourselvestothefactthatweweregoingtolosehim,andwewerejusttryingtomakethemostofthoselast,preciousmoments."

Kateunwrappedtheboy,whomthecouplehadalreadynamedJamie,fromhishospitalblanketandaskedDavidtotakehisshirtoffandjointheminbed.Thefirst-timeparentswantedtheirsontobeaswarmaspossibleandhopedtheskin-to-skincontactwouldimprovehiscondition.Theyalsotalkedtohim.

"Weweretryingtopersuadehimtostay,"KatetoldtheDailyMail."Weexplainedhisnameandthathehadatwinthathehadtolookoutforandhowhardwehadtriedtohavehim."

Thensomethingmiraculoushappened.Jamiegaspedagain-andthenhestartedbreathing.Finally,hereachedforhisfather'sfinger.

Thecouple'slostboyhadmadeit.

"We'retheluckiestpeopleintheworld,"DavidtoldToday.

Eightyearslater,Jamieandhissister,Emily,arehappyandhealthy.Thecoupleonlyrecentlytoldthekidsthestoryoftheirbirth."Emilyburstintotears,"Katesaid."Shewasreallyupset,andshekepthuggingJamie.Thiswholeexperiencemakesyoucherishthemmore."（1）Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewbornbabies?A.

Theboy'shearthadstoppedbeating.B.

Theboywas2minutesolderthanthegirl.C.

Thetwinswereborn14weeksbeforetheduedate.D.

Thetwinswereexpectedtoliveforonly20minutes.（2）Whenthecoupleknewtheywouldlosetheboy,they

.A.

beggedthedoctortosavehimB.

tookhisshirtoffandthenputhiminbedC.

wrappedhimwithhisblankettokeephimwarmD.

talkedtohimandmadeclosephysicalcontactwithhim（3）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

ThePowerofHug.

B.

TheMiracleofLove.C.

TheBondBetweenTwins.

D.

TheResponsibilityofParents.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，一對(duì)雙胞胎出生時(shí)，醫(yī)生告訴他們的父母男孩難以存活，只有幾分鐘的時(shí)間了。而男孩的父母并沒有放棄，并在最后抱了他，結(jié)果男孩奇跡般地重新開始呼吸，并幸存了下來。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theirnewbornwasn'tgoingtomakeit.Theirtwins-agirlandaboy-wereborntwominutesapartand14weekspremature,weighingjustovertwopoundseach.”他們的新生兒要夭折了。他們的雙胞胎--一個(gè)女孩和一個(gè)男孩--出生時(shí)相隔兩分鐘，早產(chǎn)了14周，每個(gè)人的體重剛剛超過兩磅?？芍@對(duì)雙胞胎早產(chǎn)了14周出生。故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“Thefirst-timeparentswantedtheirsontobeaswarmaspossibleandhopedtheskin-to-skincontactwouldimprovehiscondition.Theyalsotalkedtohim.”第一次做父母的希望他們的兒子盡可能的溫暖，并希望這種肌膚接觸能改善他的身體狀況。他們也和他交談。可知當(dāng)這對(duì)夫婦知道他們將失去這個(gè)男孩時(shí)，他們和他交談，并與他進(jìn)行了密切的身體接觸。故選D。（3）考查主旨大意。縱觀全文可知，本文記敘了一對(duì)雙胞胎出生時(shí)，醫(yī)生告訴他們的父母男孩難以存活，只有幾分鐘的時(shí)間了。而男孩的父母并沒有放棄，并在最后抱了他，結(jié)果男孩奇跡般地重新開始呼吸，并幸存了下來的故事。講述了一個(gè)愛的奇跡的故事。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

InearlyFebruary2019,51-year-oldRainerSchimpfandhisteamsetouttofilmSouthAfrica'sSardineRunoffthecoastofPointElizabethSardineRun,theannualmigration(遷徙)ofbillionsofsardines(asmallseafish),isabigdrawforlargepredators,especiallythedolphinandwhale.Predatorsareanimalsthatkillandeatotheranimals.Inanattempttoobtainthebestimagesoftheincrediblenaturalphenomenon,Rainerdivedintothemiddleofaspinningballoffish.Suddenlytheseamovedaroundviolently,andtheexperienceddiverandhisphotographerHeinzToperczer,whowasfilmingfromtheboat,instantlyrealizedsomethingstrangewasgoingon.Suddenlydolphinsshotoutofthewater,awhitespraycameoutandthenawhaleappearedandgraspedRainer

WhileToperczerwasfilmingtheterrifyingturnofeventswithhisvideocamera,Rainer,whowastrappedhadfirstandengulfed(吞噬)indarknessinsidethewhalesmouth,wastryingtosurvive.Nothingcanactuallyprepareyoufortheeventwhenyouendupinsidethepureinstinct(本能),"thedivertoldBarcroftTV."Knowinginthewhale'smouth,Itriedtocontrolmyfear.ButIwasconvincedthatitwasgoingtodivedownandreleasememuchdeeperintheocean."

"Thewhalequicklyrealizedhewasnosardine!Asthewhaleturnedsideways,heopenedhismouthslightlytoreleaseme,andIwaswashedout,togetherwithwhatfeltliketonsofwater,ofhismouth,"recalledRainer.Thoughtheentireincidentlastedjust1.8seconds,itfeltlikeayeartoRainer.

Stillholdinghisunderwatercamerainhishand,thediverswamtohisboat,wherehewasquicklyrescuedbythemembersoftheteam.TheterribleadventuredidnotdisturbRainerfortoolong.Aftercheckingtoensurehehadnoinjuries,thediverreturnedtothewatertoseekoutmore.（1）Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.

ADiver'sNarrowEscapefromaWhalesMouthB.

TheAnnualMigrationofBillionsofSeasardinesC.

AFrighteningandFantasticExperienceunderSeaD.

AnAdventurousTripoffCoastOfPointElizabeth（2）WhatanimalsdoesSardineRunappealtomost?A.

seagull.

B.

Seals.

C.

Dolphins.

D.

tortoises.（3）WhatdidRainerprobablydofirstonceinthewhalesmouth?A.

Hedivedaimlessly.B.

Hecrieddesperately.C.

Hepanickedimmediately.D.

Hestruggledviolently.（4）Accordingtothepassage,wecansaythatRainerwasvery_______.A.

intelligent

B.

generous

C.

flexible

D.

fortunate【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，51歲的Rainer在南非的海域拍攝沙丁魚遷徙過程中。從鯨魚口中死里逃生。（1）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文講述了51歲的Rainer在南非的海域拍攝一年一度的沙丁魚遷徙過程中從鯨魚口中死里逃生的經(jīng)歷，故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"theannualmigration(遷徙)ofbillionsofsardines(asmallseafish),isabigdrawforlargepredators,especiallythedolphinandwhale."可知，沙丁魚遷徙最吸引海豚和鯨魚，故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"Itriedtocontrolmyfear."可知，一開始，Rainer一定是驚慌失措的，故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后兩段可知，鯨魚意識(shí)到自己吞入的不是沙丁魚后，把Rainer連同幾噸水給吐了出來，Rainer竟然毫發(fā)無損地死里逃生，由此可知，Rainer非常幸運(yùn)，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

RecentlywheneverIturnedonmycomputerormymobilephone,newsaboutthegreateffectofHurricaneHarveyonthousandsofpeoplecaughtmyeyes.Wesawmanyunfortunateevents.However,therewerealsothebrightnewsthatconfirmedthegoodnessofmankind.Asajournalist,Iwrotemanyhumaninterestingstoriesduringmycareer.That'swhythestoryabouttheguysinthebakerycaughtmyeyes.

WhenthestaffataMexicanbakerychaininHoustonweretrappedinsidethebuildingfortwodays,theydidn'tsittherefeelingsorryforthemselves.TheyusedtheirtimewiselyafterfloodingcausedbyHurricaneHarvey.WhiletheywerewaitingfortheeventualrescuethatcameonMondaymorning,fourdecidedtomakeasmanyloavesofbreadaspossiblefortheircommunity.

Thefloodwaterroseinthestreetoutside.Theytookadvantageoftheiremergencypowersupplytobakebread.Theyusedmorethan4,200poundsofflourtocreatehundredsofloavesandsheetsofsweetbread.Althoughthewaterkeptrising,theycontinuedbakingtohelpmorepeople.Bythetimetheownermanagedtogettothem,theyhadmadesomuchbreadthatwetooktheloavestoloadsofemergencycentersacrossthecityforpeopleaffectedbythefloods.

Thestoremanager,BrianAlvarado,toldTheIndependent,"Wheneveradisasteroccurs,nobodyshouldjustfeelforlorn.Instead，weshouldtakepositiveactiontosaveourselvesandhelpothers.Ouractsofkindnesswillmakeabigdifference."（1）WhatdidthebakerystoreworkersdoafterfloodingcausedbyHurricaneHarvey?A.

Theyvolunteeredtomakebreadfortheircommunity.B.

Theymanagedtolivebysellingmorebreadinthestore.C.

Theyfeltsorrythattheycouldn'tescapefromthestore.D.

Theyatenothingbuttowaitfortheircommunitytorescuethem.（2）Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"forlorn"underlinedinthelastparagraph?A.

Fortunate.

B.

Hopeful.

C.

Shallow.

D.

Desperate.（3）Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.

Alvaradoorganizedhisworkerstobakemuchbread.B.

HurricaneHarveycausedapowerfailureinHouston.C.

Thestaffinthebakerysentenoughflourtoemergencycenters.D.

Theauthorpreferredtowritestoriesaboutpeoplefacingdisasters.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.

APopularMexicanBakeryChaininHoustonB.

WaitfortheEventualRescueinaBigDisasterC.

AllKindsofDisastersCausedbyHurricaneHarveyinHoustonD.

BakeBreadtoMakeaDifferenceinFaceofHurricaneHarvey【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，HurricaneHarvey到來時(shí)面包店繼續(xù)烤面包所產(chǎn)生的意義。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theytookadvantageoftheiremergencypowersupplytobakebread.Theyusedmorethan4,200poundsofflourtocreatehundredsofloavesandsheetsofsweetbread.”可知，HurricaneHarvey引發(fā)洪水后，面包店的工作人員自愿為他們的社區(qū)做面包。故選A。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Instead，weshouldtakepositiveactiontosaveourselvesandhelpothers.”相反,我們應(yīng)該采取積極的行動(dòng)來拯救自己和幫助別人。由Instead可知與前句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，再由positive可推知?jiǎng)澗€詞的意思是"令人絕望的"。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“WhenthestaffataMexicanbakerychaininHoustonweretrappedinsidethebuildingfortwodays,”可知，HurricaneHarvey造成休斯敦停電。故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Wheneveradisasteroccurs,nobodyshouldjustfeelforlorn.Instead,weshouldtakepositiveactiontosaveourselvesandhelpothers.Ouractsofkindnesswillmakeabigdifference.”可知，文章講述的是HurricaneHarvey到來時(shí)面包店繼續(xù)烤面包所產(chǎn)生的意義。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

WilburandOrvilleWrightwerethetwoyoungestsonsofBishopMiltonWright,WilburwasbornonafarmnearMillvilleandOrvillewasborninAugustinthehousethefamilywouldcometooccupyformorethan40yearsinDayton.

OrvillewoulddiscoverinlateryearsthatheandWilbur'sfirstinterestsinflightbeganwhentheywerechildren,withpoweredrubber-band-helicoptertoysthattheirfatherwouldbringhomeforthemfromtripsaroundthecountry.OrvilleandWilburwouldbuildduplicates（復(fù)制品）ofthesetoysandbouncethemofftheceiling.Theywerejustcrazyaboutthesethingsforthereasonsthattheydidnotyetunderstand.

Bothboyslovedtosolveproblemsthatseemeddifficulttoothers.Themoredifficulttheproblemwas,themoretheysawitasachallenge.ExploringtheunknownwassuchajoyforthenthatOrvilleoncesaid,"IcanrememberwhenWilburandIcouldhardlywaitforthemorningtocometogetatsomethingthatinterestedus.That'shappiness."

Puttingtheirgifttowork,theboysenteredtheprintingbusinesssoonafterhighschool.Orvilledesignedandthenbuiltaprintingpress（印刷機(jī)）forthisenterprise.Atfirst,theydidcontractprintingforotherpeople,andsoononeoftheircustomersduringtheearly1890swasFatherMilton'schurch.Theyalsotriedthenewspaperbusiness,andalthoughtheirtwonewspapers,theWestSideNewsandTheEveningItemwereconsideredtobeofhighquality,Daytonalreadyhaddailynewspapers,sotheWrightssoonreturnedtocontractprinting.

Branchingoutintootherareas,theyalsoopenedabicyclebusiness.Bicyclingwasthefastestgrowingsportinthecountryatthattime,andtheirrepairshopsoonledthemintobuildingbicyclesoftheirowndesign,oftenwithtoolsoftheirownconstruction,suchasthelathe（車床）drivenbyaone-cylindergasolineenginebuiltbyOrville.Thebicycleshopwouldprovidethelivelihood（生計(jì)）thatwouldallowthemtocarryouttheirexperimentsonairplanes.（1）WhatmayinspireWilburandOrvilleWrighttobekeenonflightinchildhood？A.

Theirexperiencesoftakingaflight.B.

Theirwishestotravelbyplane.C.

Thetoystheirfatherbroughtforthem.D.

Theirinterestinduplicatingtoys.（2）WhatkindofchildrenweretheWrightbrothers？A.

Enthusiasticandcurious.B.

Quietandmodes.C.

Naughtybutclever.D.

Stubbornbutcareful（3）WhatbusinessdidWilburandOrvilleentershortlyafterhighschool？A.

Thetoybusiness.B.

Theprintingbusiness.C.

Thelathebusiness.D.

Thebicyclebusiness.（4）Whatwillpossiblybediscussedfollowingthistext？A.

Whoguidedthemalotontheirwaytosuccess.B.

Whattroubletheywouldmeetintheirbusiness.C.

Whytheyclosedtheirbicycleshopsuddenly.D.

Howthetwobrothersbegantoinventplanes.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了萊特兄弟是怎樣的發(fā)明飛機(jī)的過程。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“OrvillewoulddiscoverinlateryearsthatheandWilbur'sfirstinterestsinflightbeganwhentheywerechildren，withpoweredrubber-band-helicoptertoysthattheirfatherwouldbringhomeforthemfromtripsaroundthecountry”

奧維爾后來發(fā)現(xiàn)他和威爾伯對(duì)飛行第一次興趣是從他們小時(shí)候開始的，由于他們的父親從鄉(xiāng)村給他們帶回家的，用橡皮筋為動(dòng)力的直升機(jī)玩具，可知選C。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theywerejustcrazyaboutthesethingsforthereasonsthattheydidnotyetunderstand”他們只是因?yàn)樗麄冞€不明白的原因而對(duì)這些事情瘋狂；和第三段中的“Bothboyslovedtosolveproblemsthatseemeddifficulttoothers.Themoredifficulttheproblemwas，themoretheysawitasachallenge”兩個(gè)男孩都喜歡解決別人覺得困難的問題。問題越難，他們就越覺得這是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)可推出選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Puttingtheirgifttowork,theboysenteredtheprintingbusinesssoonafterhighschool.”把他們的天賦投入工作中，孩子們高中畢業(yè)后不久就進(jìn)入了印刷業(yè)。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thebicycleshopwouldprovidethelivelihood（生計(jì)）thatwouldallowthemtocarryouttheirexperimentsonairplanes”自行車店將提供生計(jì)，允許他們?cè)陲w機(jī)上進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，可知選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。

5．閱讀理解

Whenmyfathermarriedmymotherin1943hegavemymothera1937crowncoinandtoldhertokeepitinthebackofherpurseandnotspendit.Thiswouldmeanthatshealwaysfeltthatshewasprotectedandwouldalwayshavemoneyifshereallyneededit.

WhenIwasmarriedin1970myhusbandwhohadheardthisstoryobtaineda1937crownformeandIhavealwayskeptitinmywalletandIhavealwayshadenoughformyneeds.

Afriendrecentlyfellonhardtimespartlythroughexternal(外部的)circumstancesandpartlythroughpoorplanning.FriendsandIhaveloanedhermoney,paidherbills,evengivenherfoodandtriedtoteachherbudgettechniques,butnoneofthemhasbeenasolution.Shehasjustslippeddeeperanddeeperintofinancialtroubleanddepression.

Lastweekshelookedpaleandunwell,verydepressedandhopeless.Ithenthoughtabouthowthecrown,areminderofanother'scareandlove,hadprotectedmesoIwenttothebankfora$100dollarbill.Itoldmyfriendthestoryandaskedhertokeepthe$100inthebackofherwallet.Itturnedoutthatshedidn'thaveawalletsosheputthemoneyinalittlepencilcasewhereshekepthercoins.Sheimmediatelyfeltbetter."Ifeelrichandthankyouforbeingagoodfriend"shesaidandwewerebothabitteary.

Thereasonforpassingthisonisnottopraiseanygenerosityonmypartbuttoshowthepowerof"randomactsofkindness".IwenthomeandrememberedalittlewalletIhadthatI'dneverusedandthought"I'llgivethattomyfriend."Iopeneditandinsidefound$100.Theuniverseisveryjustandifyourheartisopentherewardalwayscomes.（1）Whatdidthe1937crowncoinfromtheauthor'sfathermeantohermother?A.

Hisconcernforher.

B.

Hispityandprotectionforher.C.

Hiscareandloveforher.

D.

Hisprideandrespectforher.（2）Wheredidtheauthor'sfriendkeepthe$100dollar-bill?A.

Inthebackofherwallet.

B.

Inalittlepencilcase.C.

Inthepocketofherraincoat.

D.

Inthelayerofhersuitcase.（3）WhatcanheinferredfromthelastParagraph?A.

Theauthorbecamerichallofasudden.B.

Theauthor'sfriendwouldreceiveawalletasagift.C.

Theauthor'sfriendwasnottouchedbyherstory.D.

Theauthorfeltuncomfortablewhenreceivingthebill.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.

Ahardlife

B.

Thehelptoafriend

C.

Acrowncoin

D.

Agiftfrommyfather【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者的一位朋友陷入了經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，幫她的方法都不起效。作者想起了自己一直放在錢包里的皇冠硬幣，它如同護(hù)身符一樣讓作者衣食無憂。于是，就給了這位朋友一張百元的鈔票，也讓她放進(jìn)錢包里，希望帶給她好運(yùn)和信心。沒想到，作者的善意帶來了回報(bào)。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thiswouldmeanthatshealwaysfeltthatshewasprotectedandwouldalwayshavemoneyifshereallyneededit.”可知作者父親給她母親的一枚硬幣代表了父親對(duì)母親的愛和關(guān)心，故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“sosheputthemoneyinalittlepencilcasewhereshekepthercoins”可知作者的朋友把作者的一百美元放進(jìn)了一個(gè)鉛筆盒里，故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“IwenthomeandrememberedalittlewalletIhadthatI'dneverusedandthought"I'llgivethattomyfriend."可知作者要送給朋友一個(gè)錢包作為禮物，故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容為一枚象征著"關(guān)愛"的硬幣為中心，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

MiltonHersheywasbornnearthesmallvillageofDerryChurch,Pennsylvania,in1857.Heonlyattendedschoolthroughthefourthgrade;atthatpoint,hewasapprenticed(做學(xué)徒)toaprinterinanearbytown.Afterawhile,helefttheprintingbusinessandwasapprenticedtoaLancaster,Pennsylvaniacandymaker.Andattheageofeighteen,heopenedhisowncandystoreinPhiladelphia.Inspiteofhistalentsasacandymaker,theshopfailedaftersixyears.

AfterthefailureofhisPhiladelphiastore,MiltonheadedforDenver,wherehelearnedtheartofmakingcaramels(焦糖).TheninDenver,Miltononceagainattemptedtoopenhisowncandy-makingbusinesses,inChicago,NewOrleans,andNewYorkCity.Finally,in1886,hewenttoLancaster,Pennsylvania,whereheraisedthemoneynecessarytotryagain.Thiscompany—theLancasterCaramelCompany—establishedMilton'sreputationasamastercandymaker.

In1893,MiltonattendedtheChicagoInternationalExposition,wherehesawadisplayofGermanchocolate-makingimplements.Fascinatedbytheequipment,hepurchaseditforhisLancastercandyfactoryandbeganproducingchocolate,whichheusedforcoatinghiscaramels.Bythenextyear,productionhadgrowntoincludecocoa,sweetchocolate,andbakingchocolate.TheHersheyChocolatecompanywasbornin1894asasubsidiary(子公司)oftheLancasterCaramelCompany.Sixyearslater,Miltonsoldthecaramelcompany,butreservedtherights,andtheequipment,tomakechocolate.Hebelievedthatalargemarketofchocolateconsumerswaswaitingforsomeonetoproducereasonablypricedcandy.Hewasright.

MiltonHersheyreturnedtothevillagewherehehadbeenborn,intheheartofdairycountry,andopenedhischocolatemanufacturingplant.Withaccesstoallthefreshmilkheneeded,hebeganproducingthefinestmilkchocolate.TheplantthatopenedinasmallPennsylvaniavillagein1905istodaythelargestchocolatefactoryintheworld.Thesweetscreatedatthisfacilityarefavoritesaroundtheworld.

TheareawherethefactoryislocatedisnowknownasHershey,Pennsylvania.Withinthefirstdecadesofitsexistence,thetownofHersheythrived,asdidthechocolatebusiness.Abank,aschool,churches,adepartmentstore,evenaparkandatrolleysystemallappearedinshortorder;thetownsoonevenhadazoo.Today,avisittothearearevealstheHersheyMedicalCenter,MiltonHersheySchool,andHershey'sChocolateWorld—athemeparkwherevisitorsaregreetedbyagiantReesesPeanutButterCup.Allofthesethings—andahugenumberofhappychocolatelovers—weremadepossiblebecauseacaramelmakervisitedtheChicagoExpositionof1893!（1）Thementionofthe1893Expositionindicatesthat_______.A.

theexpositioninChicagoisheldonceeverythreeyears.B.

thethemeoftheexpositionof1893was"FoodfromAroundtheWorld."C.

theexpositioncontaineddisplaysfromavarietyofcountries.D.

thesiteoftheexpositionisnowabranchoftheHersheyChocolateCompany.（2）Accordingtothepassage,MiltonHersheysoldhiscaramelcompanyin_______.A.

1894

B.

1900

C.

1904

D.

1905（3）Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A.

Chocolateispopularineverycountryintheworld.B.

ReesesPeanutButterCupsaremanufacturedbytheHersheyChocolateCompany.C.

ChocolatehadneverbeenmanufacturedintheUnitedStatesbeforeMiltonHersheydidit.D.

TheHersheyChocolateCompanynowmakesmoremoneyfromHershey'sChocolateWorldthanfromthemanufactureandsaleofchocolate.（4）Theauthorwrotethispassagemainlyto_______.A.

recountthefoundingoftheHersheyChocolateCompanyB.

describetheprocessofmanufacturingchocolateC.

comparethepopularityofchocolatetoothercandiesD.

explainhowapprenticeshipswork【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了MiltonHershey創(chuàng)辦Hershey'sChocolate的歷程以及該公司的發(fā)展目前狀況。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“In1893,MiltonattendedtheChicagoInternationalExposition,wherehesawadisplayofGermanchocolate-makingimplements.”可知，在1893年，Milton參加了芝加哥國際博覽會(huì)，在這個(gè)博覽會(huì)上，他看到了一套制作巧克力的設(shè)備，故可以推出，國際博覽會(huì)上有不同國家的產(chǎn)品展示，故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“TheHersheyChocolatecompanywasbornin1894asasubsidiary(子公司)oftheLancasterCaramelCompany.Sixyearslater,Miltonsoldthecaramelcompany,butreservedtherights,andtheequipment,tomakechocolate.”可知，1894年創(chuàng)立了子公司TheHersheyChocolatecompany，六年后，也就是1900年，把焦糖公司給賣了，故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Today,avisittothearearevealstheHersheyMedicalCenter,MiltonHersheySchool,andHershey'sChocolateWorld—athemeparkwherevisitorsaregreetedbyagiantReesesPeanutButterCup.”可知，如今，游客可以去參觀Hershey醫(yī)學(xué)中心，MiltonHershey學(xué)校，以及Hershey'sChocolateWorld主題公園，在這里，游客可以看到巨大的ReesesPeanutButterCup，故可知，主題公園里展出的是Hershey'sChocolate公司的產(chǎn)品，故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。本文主要介紹MiltonHershey創(chuàng)辦Hershey'sChocolate的歷程以及該公司的發(fā)展目前狀況，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

In2011,NancyBallardwentforaroutinecheckupthatturnedintosomethingextraordinary.Infact,shewascarryingapaintingofaplantshe'ddonewhenshearrivedatherdoctor'sSanFranciscooffice."Itwouldbegreatifwehadartworklikethatforourchemotherapy(化療)rooms,"thenursesaid.Ballardaskedtoseeone.

Shewasshockedbywhatshefound.Thewallsweredullandbare,andthepaintwaschipping(剝落).Itwasadepressingroomforadepressingroutine—patientsrestrictedtochemodripsforperhapsseveralhours,oftenwithnothingtolookatotherthanthosesadwalls.Ballarddidn'thavecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients."Icouldn'timaginehowanyonecouldeventhinkaboutgettinghealthyinaroomlikethat,"shesays.Asithappens,Ballard'sphysician,StephenHufford,wasillwithcancerhimself,sofindingtimetodecoratetheroomswaslowonhisto-dolist.SoBallardmadeithermissiontobrightenuptheplace.

Shestartedbye-mailing20localdesigners."Iwrote,'Youdon'tknowme.Butmyhearthurtsafterseeingtheserooms,"sheremembers.ShethenaskedwhethertheywoulddonatetheirtimeandmoneytotransformjustoneofDr.Hufford'sroomseach.

Asithappened,sixofthemwrotebackalmostimmediately.Sixroomsgotnewpaint,lightfixtures,artwork,andfurniture.Dr.Huffordwasdelighted."Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthepainbecauseofit,"hesaid.Heevennotedthathisowntoneofvoicewasdifferentintheroomsandthathewasbetterabletoconnectwithhispatients.

Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients'reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThatRock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.Sincethen,shehasworkedon20projects,includingoneinPennsylvania."WewereinPhiladelphiaforaribboncutting,andawomanwasthereonherthirdbattlewithcancer,"saysBallard."Whenshesawwhatwe'ddone,shesaid,'I'mgonnabeatitthistime.IthoughtIwasn'tgoingto,butnowIknowI'mgonnabeatit".（1）WhatmadeBallarddecidetohelpdecoratethechemotherapyrooms?A.

Hersympathyforcancerpatients.B.

Herpassionforroomdecoration.C.

ThegoodrelationshipwithHufford.D.

TherequestofanurseinSanFrancisco.（2）WhatoutcomedoesBallard'seffortbringabout?A.

Morehospitalswillbebuilt,B.

Huffordcuredmorepatients.C.

Thecancerpatientswerefeelingbetter.D.

Hufford'schemotherapyroomsgotgoodfame.（3）WhichwordsbestdescribeNancyBallard?A.

Lovinganddevoted.B.

Talentedandenergetic.C.

Richandgenerous.D.

Ambitiousandcreative.（4）Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.

DesignforHopeB.

BattleagainstCancerC.

DonationforPatientsD.

DecorationinHospital【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文，NancyBallard出于對(duì)癌癥病人的同情，決定幫忙裝飾化療室。Ballard的努力，使得癌癥患者重新對(duì)生活充滿了希望。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ballarddidn'thavecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients.”Ballard本人并沒有患癌癥，但她同情病人。由此可知，Ballard對(duì)癌癥病人的同情，使她決定幫忙裝飾化療室，故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"‘Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthepainbecauseofit,’hesaid.”他說：“所有的病人都因此感到疼痛減輕了?！庇纱丝芍?，Ballard的努力使得癌癥患者感覺好多了，故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients'reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThatRock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.”病人的反應(yīng)讓巴拉德深受鼓舞，她創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)非營利組織"RoomsthatRockChemo"來籌集資金，并裝飾更多的空間。由此推斷出，NancyBallard是一個(gè)有愛心，有奉獻(xiàn)精神的人，故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。本文介紹了NancyBallard出于對(duì)癌癥病人的同情，決定幫忙裝飾化療室。Ballard的努力，使得癌癥患者重新對(duì)生活充滿了希望。所以這篇文章最好的題目是“為希望而設(shè)計(jì)”，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Everypersonplanstorunofftosometropicalisle,butfewdo.Reallife,family,work,andmonetarylimitationsgetintheway.IanFlemingletnoneoftheseconsiderationsstophim.

Afterthewar,Flemingsetdownhisschedule.ThefirstweekofJan