語(yǔ)法專題突破專題九

定語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句英語(yǔ)2026高中全程總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)GAOZHONGQUANCHENGZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI內(nèi)容索引增素能?精準(zhǔn)突破測(cè)效果?課堂評(píng)價(jià)增素能?精準(zhǔn)突破[真題語(yǔ)境]1.(2023·天津3月卷)________ourhobbies,theInternetcanconnectuswithotherswhoenjoythesamehobbies,eveniftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.

A.However B.WhateverC.Wherever D.Whichever2.(2023·天津6月卷)Peoplewhovaluetheirprivacyareconcernedabout________Googlemightdowiththeinformationitisgathering.

A.that B.whatC.why D.howBB3.(2021·天津卷)ItseemedthatIhadbecome________myparentswantedmetobe.

A.when B.where C.what D.whether4.(2021·天津3月卷)WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakes________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.

A.fromwhich B.inwhichC.withwhom D.forwhom5.(2023·天津3月卷)Recently,scientistshavestartedadebateon________thecomputerswill“think”likehumaninhalfacentury.

A.where B.whetherC.whose D.whichCAB6.(2023·天津3月卷)Kennystillrememberstheclassdiscussion________theteacheraskedstudentstosharewhattheywantedtobewhentheygrewup.

A.why B.whichC.that D.where7.(2019·天津3月卷)Thecoursenormallyattractsabout100studentsperyear,________uptohalfwillbefromabroad.

A.who B.ofwhich C.when D.ofwhom8.(2019·天津3月卷)Theopinion________learningisalifelongprocesshasbeenexpressedbyeducationexpertsthroughouttheyears.

A.which B.that C.what

D.howDDB[用法點(diǎn)撥]一、定語(yǔ)從句1.關(guān)系代詞who、whom的用法(1)先行詞是人的時(shí)候,who在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。(2)緊跟介詞之后做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只能用whom。He'smybestfriendwithwhomIcanalmostsharingeverything.他是我可以幾乎與之分享一切的最好朋友。2.關(guān)系代詞that、which的用法(1)先行詞是物的時(shí)候,that和which經(jīng)常換用,在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ);先行詞是人時(shí),that的用法和who相同。(2)在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中和緊跟在介詞之后作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),只能用which,不用that。Hetoldalie,whichannoyedhisfather.他說(shuō)了謊,這讓他父親很惱火。Therewillbemanyactivities,fromwhichyoucanlearnaboutChinesetraditionalculture.將會(huì)有許多活動(dòng),你可以從中了解中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)文化。(3)在下列情況下只用that不用which。①先行詞是不定代詞或先行詞前有不定代詞修飾時(shí);②先行詞既包含人也包含物時(shí);③先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí);④先行詞前有thevery、theright、theonly、justthe等詞修飾時(shí);⑤主句中已有代詞which時(shí)。Youcantakeanymodelthatinterestsyou.你可以拿你感興趣的任何模型。I'llneverforgetthepeopleandplacesthatIvisitedwhenIstayedEurope.我不會(huì)忘記我在歐洲期間走訪過(guò)的那些人和地方。3.關(guān)系代詞whose的用法先行詞是人或物時(shí),whose在從句中作定語(yǔ),“whose+名詞”可改為“the+名詞+ofwhich/whom”或“ofwhich/whomthe+名詞”。Theywentintoalargehall,whosewindows(=thewindowsofwhich/ofwhichthewindows)werebrightandbeautiful.他們進(jìn)了一個(gè)窗子又明亮又美麗的大廳。4.關(guān)系代詞as的用法as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,代表整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容,在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。該定語(yǔ)從句可以放在主句前、主句后或插在主句中間。Aswasexpected,theyoungmanhasrealizedhisdream.=Theyoungman,aswasexpected,hasrealizedhisdream.=Theyoungmanhasrealizedhisdream,aswasexpected.正如所料,那個(gè)男孩實(shí)現(xiàn)了他的夢(mèng)想。5.關(guān)系副詞when、where、why的用法(1)when、where、why分別用于先行詞是時(shí)間名詞、地點(diǎn)名詞和原因名詞的定語(yǔ)從句中,并在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。(2)when、where、why可換成“介詞+which”的形式。Idon'tbelievethereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewasabsentfromtheparty.我不相信他聚會(huì)缺席的原因。Theyreachedtheparkwhere(=inwhich)theymetforthefirsttime.他們到了他們第一次見面的那個(gè)公園。二、名詞性從句1.連詞that、if、whether的用法(1)that不作句子成分,無(wú)意義,表陳述語(yǔ)氣,在主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中,指同一個(gè)動(dòng)詞后的第二個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中不能省略。IhavetoadmitthefactthatI'mnotquitefitfortheposition.我不得不承認(rèn)我不適合這個(gè)職位這一事實(shí)。(2)if/whether不作句子成分,意為“是否”,二者在賓語(yǔ)從句中常換用,但在引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句以及在介詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句中,用whether,不用if。Theproblemiswhetherhe'swillingtojoinusinthecampaign.問(wèn)題是他是否愿意參加到我們的活動(dòng)中來(lái)。2.連接代詞who、whose、what、which和whatever、whichever、who(m)ever、whosever的用法連接代詞在名詞性從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。what意為“什么;什么的(人或物)”,which意為“哪一個(gè)”,who(m)意為“誰(shuí)”,whose意為“誰(shuí)的”,whatever意為“無(wú)論是什么”,whichever意為“無(wú)論哪一個(gè)”,who(m)ever意為“無(wú)論是誰(shuí)”,whosever意為“無(wú)論誰(shuí)的”Facedwithsomanyniceflowers,Idon'tknowwhichonestochoose.面對(duì)這么多漂亮的花,我都不知道該選哪些了。Totellthetruth,Idoubtwhathesaid.說(shuō)實(shí)話,我懷疑他說(shuō)的話。3.連接副詞when、where、why、how和whenever、wherever、however的用法連接副詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ),when意為“何時(shí)”,where意為“何地”,why意為“為什么”,how意為“如何,怎么”,wherever意為“無(wú)論在哪里”,whenever意為“無(wú)論何時(shí)”,however意為“無(wú)論如何”。Maybethisiswhyherefusedmyoffer.也許這就是他拒絕我的幫助的原因。Howeverdifficulttheworkmaybe,Iwon'tgiveupeasily.無(wú)論工作多么艱難,我也不會(huì)輕易放棄。注意:however=nomatterhow、whenever=nomatterwhen、wherever=nomatterwhere。測(cè)效果·課堂評(píng)價(jià)一、練基礎(chǔ):單項(xiàng)填空1.Thebiggestchallengeattheinitialphasewastopersuadepeopletoworkforme,______wastotallyoutsidemyexperience.

A.what B.that

C.which

D.who2.I'llasktheteacheraboutthesubjunctivemood______I'mverypuzzledabout;andthat'salso______mostofourclassmateshavedoubt.

A.which;how B.why;thatC.which;where D.that;how3.Peterinvitedover30peopletohisbirthdayparty,mostof______arehisclassmates.

A.them B.that

C.whom

D.whichCCC4.—Haveyoufinishedthenovel?—No.I'vejustreadupto______thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.

A.what B.that

C.which

D.where5.Thesalesofournewspaperaredroppingandweneedtotakesomepreventivemeasures.I'vebeenthinkingabout______wecanmakethenewspapermoreinteresting.

A.how B.why

C.what

D.which6.Theytalkedaboutthepeopleandthings______theysawinthatcountry.

A.when B.whose C.who D.thatDAD7.Theresultwasnotthesame______theyhadexpected,______wasratherdisappointing.

A.what;as B.as;thatC.that;which D.as;which8.Goforawalkinthecountryside,______youcanenjoythebeautifulviewsandapeacefulatmosphere.

A.when B.which C.where D.what9.Therearenearlyonehundredforeignstudentsinouruniversity,mostof______arefromAmericaandAustralia.

A.which B.them C.whom D.thoseDCC10.Learninganotherlanguageislikesteppingoutofadoor,______Icanlookbackandseemoreclearlymyownlanguage.

A.bywhich B.whichC.throughwhich D.onwhich11.Iforgotthewebsite______Iintendedtoaddtomyfavorites.ItcanhelpmelearnhowtowriteEnglishcompositions.

A.which B.where C.when D.onwhich12.TherearehundredsofscenesinEnglishnovels______characterswalkthroughalandscapeoffallenleaves,whichmirrorstheirfeelings.

A.that B.where C.which D.whenCAB13.______workandcreativeactivitieshavebeenimportantdriversofhumanprogressisdeeplyrootedinoursocialvalues.

A.How B.WhetherC.That D.Why14.______Daisyworkedhardforthewholetermpleasedherparents.

A.That B.What C.How D.After15.OneofthebiggestculturedifferencesInoticedinLondonwas______thepeopleofLondonconductedthemselves.

A.that B.how

C.what

D.why16.Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,______wasverykindofhim.

A.that B.which C.who D.whereCABB17.Theylosttheirwayintheforest,and______mademattersworsewasthatnightbegantofall.

A.that B.it

C.what

D.which18.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,______isconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.

A.that B.what C.which D.where19.Shelivedintworoomsoverateashop,______wasconvenient,sinceshecouldsendforcakesifshehadvisitors.

A.where B.inwhich C.which D.thatCCC20.______isknowntoallisthattheoutstandingacademicatmosphere,aswellasvariousfestivalsandsports,______manystudentstoourschool.

A.It;draw B.Which;drawC.What;draws D.As;draws21.Stressiseverywhereandinfactitisn'tsuchabadthing______itisoftensupposedtobe.

A.that B.as

C.what

D.which22.Everyoneontheplanetisdifferent,andthat's______makesitsuchabeautifulplace.

A.when B.how

C.what

D.whyCBC23.I'mverygratefultomyhighschoolteachers,without______helpIwouldn'tbesoexcellent.

A.their B.whom C.whose D.which24.Bobmadeapromisetothemanager______alltheworkwouldbefinishedontime.

A.that B.what C.which D.whether25.Breakingupisthebusinessofthetwolovers,______nootherpersonshouldbeinvolved.

A.which B.inthat C.that D.inwhich26.______footballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.

A.What B.Whether C.That D.WhichCADC27.Soonaftergettingoffhishorse,thecaptainappearedatthesecond-floorwindows,______hecouldseenothingbuttrees.

A.when B.fromwhereC.which D.fromwhichB二、練語(yǔ)篇:閱讀表達(dá)Istarteddrawinghousesatsix.Unlikemostgirls,mydreamwastobuildabackyard—anunrealisticdreambecausewelivedinanapartment.ByhighschoolIcontinueddrawingandmydreamsbroadened—tobecomeanarchitect.MyelderbrothertoldmethatIshouldtakeauniversityeducation.Butmyfamilycouldn'taffordthatkindofeducation.Still,Ifannedtheflameofhope.Igotapart-timejobatBaysideBowlandstartedsavingmoney.Mybankaccount,however,wasgrowingquiteslowly.WhenIlookedatcollegecatalogues,Icouldn'timaginehowIwouldevergetthere.Idecidedtoshrink(縮小)mydreamstoamorerealisticsize.Soonafterthat,anewcomerstartedfrequentingBaysideBowl.Shearrivedaloneandalwayscarriedapinkbagwithaballinside.Herdark,wrinkledskinandcurlygrayhairmadeherstandoutamongouryoungercustomers.ShetalkedtomewheneverIcleanednearherlane(跑道).IlearnedhernamewasBessie.Shehadbeenasinger.Inher20sshehadtriedtogetajobasarestaurantsinger.“Iwasayoungblackwoman,andintheearly1950sdoorsdidn'texactlyopenwideforme.Zilch(無(wú)價(jià)值之人)!”shesaid.ButIappreciatedheradvice.“Life'slikebowling,”shewouldsay.“Setyoureyesonyourtargetandfollowthrough.”Indeed,Bessiehadn'tletthe“zilches”stopher.ShehadsavedupandenrolledintheBrightwoodMusicAcademy.ItturnedoutthisladywiththepinkbowlingbagwastheBessieRichards,arecordingartistofthe1960s.

Beforeleaving,Bessieleftmesomelinesofpoetryshehadcopiedfromabook.Bessiesaid,“Readthiswhenthegoinggetstough.It'llhelpyoufollowthroughandreachforyourgoal.”Thesearethelines:Hold

fast

to

dreamsFor

if

dreams

dieLife

is

a

broken-winged

birdThat

cannot

fly.Hold

fast

to

dreamsFor

when

dreams

goLife

is

a

barren

fieldFrozen

with

snow.AyearhaspassedsinceIlastbowledwithBessie,andI'verestartedmydrawing.I'mworkingandsavingmoney,takingdraftingclasses,andapplyingfor