2025年考研英語（二）長(zhǎng)篇閱讀策略指導(dǎo)與真題剖析考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷共一篇長(zhǎng)篇閱讀文章，7個(gè)題目。請(qǐng)根據(jù)題目要求，為每個(gè)題目選擇一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)亩温洹?.將所選段落字母填入答題紙上對(duì)應(yīng)題號(hào)后的括號(hào)內(nèi)。閱讀下面的文章，回答問題。Theriseofthegigeconomy,characterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs,hasbeenoneofthemostsignificantlabormarkettransformationsinrecentdecades.Fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithclientsglobally,industriesfromtransportationandfooddeliverytofreelancewritingandgraphicdesignhavebeenreshaped.Proponentsarguethatgigworkoffersflexibility,autonomy,andthepotentialforhighearnings,particularlyappealingtoayoungergenerationseekingalternativecareerpaths.However,criticsraiseconcernsaboutjobsecurity,lackofbenefitslikehealthinsuranceandretirementplans,andthepotentialforexploitationduetothepowerimbalancebetweenplatformcompaniesandindividualworkers.Theflexibilityofferedbygigworkisperhapsitsmostattractivefeatureformanyindividuals.Workerscanoftenchoosewhen,where,andhowmuchtheywanttowork,allowingforabetterwork-lifebalanceandtheabilitytopursuemultipleprojectssimultaneously.Thisautonomyisparticularlyvaluableforthosemanagingfamilies,pursuingeducation,orengaginginotherpersonalendeavorsalongsidetheirwork.Moreover,thepotentialforearningaboveminimumwagebytakingonmorehoursorspecializedtaskscanbefinanciallyrewarding.Forcompanies,gigworkersprovideanimbleworkforcethatcanbeeasilyscaledupordownbasedondemand,reducingthecostsassociatedwithfull-timeemployees,suchasbenefitsandtraining.Despitetheseadvantages,thelackoftraditionaljobsecurityposesamajorchallengeforgigworkers.Incomecanbeunpredictable,fluctuatingsignificantlybasedonmarketdemand,competition,andtheworker'sownefforts.Thisinstabilitycanmakefinancialplanningdifficultandincreaseanxietyaboutthefuture.Theabsenceofbenefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementcontributionsleavesgigworkersvulnerabletofinancialhardshipincaseofillnessorinjury.Theseworkersoftenhavetonavigatethecomplexandexpensiveindividualinsurancemarket,iftheycanaccessitatall.Thelackofaformalemploymentrelationshipalsomeansgigworkerstypicallylackprotectionsagainstunfairdismissalordiscriminationthatareaffordedtotraditionalemployees.Thepowerdynamicsinherentinthegigeconomyoftenfavorplatformcompanies.Thesecompaniesleveragetechnologytosettherules,controlpricingmechanisms,andmanageworkeravailability,whileindividualsworkingontheplatformhavelimitedbargainingpower.Algorithmicmanagementsystemscandictateworkassignmentsandratings,creatingpressureonworkerstomaintainhighperformancelevelstoremaincompetitive.Thereareconcernsthatthismodelcanleadtoaracetothebottom,withworkerscompetingintenselyforlow-payingtasks.Additionally,theclassificationofworkersasindependentcontractors,ratherthanemployees,allowscompaniestoavoidlegalobligationsrelatedtominimumwage,workinghours,andsafetyregulations,sometimesleadingtoexploitativeconditions.Regulatoryresponsestothegigeconomyhavebeenvaried,reflectingthecomplexityoftheissue.Somecountriesandcitieshaveintroducedlegislationaimedatprovidinggigworkerswithcertainbenefits,suchaspaidleaveorportablebenefitsaccounts,whileattemptingtopreservetheflexibilityofthemodel.Othershavedebatedraisingtheminimumearningsthresholdforplatformworkersorimplementingregulationssimilartothosefortraditionalemployeesinspecificcircumstances.However,balancingworkerprotectionwiththeneedtomaintainadynamicandinnovativedigitaleconomyremainsasignificantchallengeforpolicymakersworldwide.Thedebatecontinuesoverhowtoadaptexistinglaborlawsorcreatenewframeworksthatcaneffectivelyaddresstheuniquecharacteristicsandchallengesofthegigeconomy.Thefutureofthegigeconomylikelyinvolvesacontinuedcoexistenceoftraditionalemploymentandgigwork,withthelattercontinuingtogrowandevolve.Technologicaladvancementsmayfurtherintegrategigworkintothebroadereconomy,potentiallyofferingmorestableorintegratedformsofwork.However,thecorechallengesrelatedtosecurity,benefits,andworkerpowerareunlikelytodisappearovernight.Theongoingtensionbetweentheflexibilityofferedbygigworkandtheneedforsocialsafetynetshighlightstheneedforongoingdialogueamongworkers,companies,andpolicymakerstoensureafairandsustainablefutureforallinvolvedinthisrapidlychanginglaborlandscape.1.Accordingtothepassage,whichparagraphprimarilydiscussesthenegativeimpactofthegigeconomyonworkers'long-termfinancialsecurity?2.Theparagraphthatfocusesonhowgigplatformsleveragetechnologytomanageworkersandthepotentialnegativeconsequencesofthisismostlikelywhichone?3.Whichsectionofthepassageexplainstheargumentthatgigworkprovidesbenefitssuchasflexibilityandthepotentialforhighearnings?4.Theparagraphthatelaboratesonthechallengesassociatedwithprovidingtraditionalbenefitslikehealthinsuranceandretirementplansforgigworkersismostlikelywhichone?5.Whichsectionofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwiththeregulatoryeffortsanddebatessurroundingthegigeconomy?6.Theparagraphthatdiscussesthepotentialfuturetrajectoryofthegigeconomyandtheneedforongoingadaptationismostlikelywhichone?7.Basedontheinformationinthepassage,whichparagraphbestdescribesthecoreargumentofthecriticsofthegigeconomy?試卷答案1.C解析思路：題干詢問“文章中哪個(gè)段落主要討論了零工經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)工人長(zhǎng)期財(cái)務(wù)安全的負(fù)面影響”。選項(xiàng)C段落明確討論了零工工作缺乏傳統(tǒng)福利（如健康保險(xiǎn)和退休計(jì)劃）導(dǎo)致工人面臨財(cái)務(wù)困境的問題，并指出這使他們?nèi)菀自谏』蚴軅麜r(shí)陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)困境，直接對(duì)應(yīng)了題干關(guān)于“長(zhǎng)期財(cái)務(wù)安全”的負(fù)面影響，故選C。選項(xiàng)A討論靈活性和收入潛力（正面影響），B討論平臺(tái)利用技術(shù)管理工人，D討論工作保障缺乏，E討論監(jiān)管，均不完全符合題意。2.D解析思路：題干詢問“哪個(gè)段落重點(diǎn)介紹了零工平臺(tái)如何利用技術(shù)管理工人以及這種做法可能帶來的負(fù)面后果”。選項(xiàng)D段落詳細(xì)闡述了平臺(tái)利用算法管理系統(tǒng)、設(shè)定規(guī)則、控制定價(jià)和工人可用性，并指出了由此產(chǎn)生的對(duì)工人的壓力以及可能導(dǎo)致的惡性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和剝削條件，完全符合題干要求，故選D。其他段落或未提及技術(shù)管理，或只提及部分方面，或討論的是其他問題。3.B解析思路：題干詢問“哪個(gè)段落解釋了零工工作提供靈活性和高收入潛力的論點(diǎn)”。選項(xiàng)B段落開篇即提出靈活性是其最吸引人的特點(diǎn)，隨后解釋了這種靈活性如何幫助工人實(shí)現(xiàn)工作生活平衡、選擇工作方式等。同時(shí)，也提到了通過多工作或承擔(dān)專業(yè)性任務(wù)獲得高于最低工資的可能性，即高收入潛力，這與題干詢問的論點(diǎn)完全一致，故選B。4.C