2025年英語專四閱讀理解模擬試題原版文章與真題風(fēng)格考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensionReadthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion.Passage1Thedigitalrevolutionhasprofoundlyalteredthelandscapeofwork,communication,andleisure.Whileofferingunprecedentedconvenienceandconnectivity,ithasalsointroducednewchallenges,notleastofwhichisthephenomenonofdigitaloverload.Thiscondition,characterizedbytheconstantbarrageofdigitalinformationandthepressuretoremainperpetuallyconnected,canleadtocognitivefatigue,stress,andadiminishedcapacityfordeepfocus.Thelinesbetweenworkandpersonallifehaveblurred,withsmartphonesandlaptopsensuringthattheprofessionalsphereisalwayswithinreach,oftenencroachingondowntimeandsleep.Oneoftheprimaryculpritscontributingtodigitaloverloadisthenatureoftheinformationitself.Theinternetdeliversarelentlessstreamofupdates,notifications,andmessages,designedtocaptureattentionandoftenprioritizingimmediacyoversubstance.Socialmediaplatforms,inparticular,createanenvironmentwhereusersfeelcompelledtoengagefrequentlytomaintainsocialcurrency,leadingtoaddictiveusagepatterns.Thisconstantstimulationoverloadsourworkingmemory,makingitdifficulttoconcentrateoncomplextasksthatrequiresustainedattention.Thebrain,accustomedtorapidshiftsinfocus,strugglestoengageindeep,linearthought,whichiscrucialforproblem-solvingandcreativework.Thepsychologicalimpactofdigitaloverloadshouldnotbeunderestimated.Thefearofmissingout(FOMO)drivesmanytoconstantlychecktheirdevices,evenininappropriatesettings.Thisconstantsurveillancecancreateanxietyandasenseofbeingperpetuallybehind.Moreover,thecuratedandoftenidealizedversionsoflifepresentedonsocialmediacanfostersocialcomparisonandfeelingsofinadequacy.Thepressuretoperformandpresentaflawlessimageaddstothementalburden,contributingtostressanddiminishedwell-being.Aswenavigateanincreasinglydigitalworld,itiscrucialtodevelopstrategiestomitigatetheseeffectsandprotectourcognitiveandpsychologicalhealth.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisasignificantconsequenceofthedigitalrevolution?(A)Ithascreatednewopportunitiesforsocialinteraction.(B)Ithasledtoincreasedefficiencyinprofessionaltasks.(C)Ithasresultedincognitivefatigueandstressduetoinformationoverload.(D)Ithasimprovedthequalityofwork-lifebalanceformanypeople.2.Whatistheprimarycharacteristicoftheinformationdeliveredbytheinternet,asdescribedinthepassage?(A)Itiscarefullycuratedtoprovideonlyrelevantupdates.(B)Itisdesignedtobeengagingandprioritizeuserattention.(C)Itisprimarilyfocusedonacademicandprofessionalcontent.(D)Itisstructuredinawaythatfacilitatesdeepconcentration.3.Theterm"socialcurrency"inthepassagerefersto:(A)Themonetaryvalueofsocialmediaaccounts.(B)Theimportanceplacedonsocialinteractionsindigitalspaces.(C)Thecostofusingsocialmediaplatforms.(D)Thecurrencyexchangedduringsocialevents.4.Whateffectdoestheconstantstimulationfromdigitaldeviceshaveonourworkingmemory,accordingtothepassage?(A)Itenhancesourabilitytomultitaskeffectively.(B)Itimprovesourcapacityfordeep,linearthought.(C)Itoverloadsit,makingitdifficulttoconcentrateoncomplextasks.(D)Itstrengthensit,allowingustoprocessinformationmorequickly.5.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapsychologicalimpactofdigitaloverload?(A)Itfostersasenseofcommunityandconnection.(B)Itreducesanxietyandstresslevels.(C)Itencouragesuserstoengageindeepself-reflection.(D)Itcreatesanxietyandfosterssocialcomparison.Passage2Urbanizationisoneofthemostsignificantdemographicshiftsofthemodernera,withprofoundimplicationsforenvironmentalsustainability,socialequity,andeconomicdevelopment.Aspopulationsincreasinglyconcentrateincities,thedemandforhousing,infrastructure,andservicesintensifies,placingconsiderablestrainonnaturalresourcesandecologicalsystems.Sustainableurbandevelopmenthasthusbecomeacriticalpriority,requiringinnovativeapproachestomanagetheenvironmental,social,andeconomicchallengesposedbyurbangrowth.Akeyaspectofsustainableurbandevelopmentinvolvestheintegrationofgreenspaceswithinurbanenvironments.Citieswithwell-designedparks,greenbelts,andurbanforestsoffernumerousbenefits,includingimprovedairquality,reducedurbanheatislands,andenhancedbiodiversity.Greenspacesalsoproviderecreationalopportunitiesforresidents,contributingtotheirphysicalandmentalwell-being.Moreover,theintegrationofrenewableenergysources,suchassolarpanelsandwindturbines,cansignificantlyreduceacity'scarbonfootprintanddependenceonfossilfuels.Sustainabletransportationsystems,includingthepromotionofpublictransit,cycling,andwalking,arealsoessentialforreducingpollutionandcongestion.Socialequityisanothercrucialdimensionofsustainableurbandevelopment.Citiesmustensurethattheirgrowthbenefitsallresidents,regardlessofincomeorbackground.Thisincludesprovidingaffordablehousing,accesstoqualityeducationandhealthcare,andopportunitiesforeconomicparticipation.Integratingmarginalizedcommunitiesintourbanplanningprocessesisvitalforcreatinginclusiveandequitablecities.Furthermore,sustainableurbandevelopmentshouldprioritizethecreationofwalkableneighborhoodswithmixedlanduse,reducingtheneedforlongcommutesandpromotingamoreconnectedurbanfabric.6.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?(A)Theeconomicbenefitsofurbanization.(B)Thechallengesandprioritiesofsustainableurbandevelopment.(C)Theimpactofgreenspacesonurbanenvironments.(D)Theroleoftechnologyinmoderncities.7.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomebenefitsofintegratinggreenspacesinurbanareas?(A)Theyincreasethedemandforhousing.(B)Theyimproveairqualityandproviderecreationalopportunities.(C)Theyleadtohigherlevelsofpollution.(D)Theyreducebiodiversityandecologicaldiversity.8.Thepassagesuggeststhatsustainabletransportationsystemscanhelpachievewhichgoal?(A)Increasingurbansprawl.(B)Reducingpollutionandcongestion.(C)Raisingenergyconsumption.(D)Encouragingtheuseofprivatevehicles.9.Whatisakeyconsiderationforensuringsocialequityinsustainableurbandevelopment,asmentionedinthepassage?(A)Prioritizingtheneedsofwealthierresidents.(B)Providingaffordablehousingandaccesstoservices.(C)Encouragingthegrowthofmarginalizedcommunities.(D)Increasingthenumberofhigh-risebuildings.10.Thephrase"walkableneighborhoodswithmixedlanduse"inthepassagerefersto:(A)Neighborhoodsdesignedprimarilyforpedestrians,withavarietyofusessuchasresidential,commercial,andrecreationalspaces.(B)Neighborhoodswithahighdensityofhigh-risebuildings.(C)Neighborhoodswithextensiveparkinglotsandroads.(D)Neighborhoodsthatareprimarilyfocusedonindustrialactivities.Passage3Theglobalfoodsystemfacesnumerouschallengesinthe21stcentury,drivenbyagrowingpopulation,climatechange,andshiftingdietarypreferences.Ensuringfoodsecurityandsustainabilityrequiresamultifacetedapproachthataddressesproduction,distribution,consumption,andwastemanagement.Agriculturalinnovationplaysacrucialroleinthiscontext,withtechnologiessuchasprecisionfarming,geneticengineering,andverticalfarmingofferingpotentialsolutionstoenhanceproductivityandresilience.PrecisionfarmingutilizesadvancedtechnologieslikeGPS,sensors,anddataanalyticstooptimizecropproduction.Bymonitoringsoilconditions,weatherpatterns,andplanthealthinreal-time,farmerscanmakeinformeddecisionsaboutirrigation,fertilization,andpestcontrol,reducingresourcewasteandenvironmentalimpact.Geneticengineering,particularlyinthedevelopmentofdrought-resistantandpest-resistantcrops,hasthepotentialtosignificantlyincreaseyieldsandimprovefoodsecurity,especiallyinregionsfacingclimatechallenges.Verticalfarming,whichinvolvesgrowingcropsinverticallystackedlayersincontrolledenvironments,offersawaytoproducefoodinurbanareas,reducingtransportationemissionsandincreasinglocalfoodsupply.However,theadoptionofthesetechnologiesraisesethicalandsocialconsiderations.Precisionfarmingandgeneticengineeringrelyheavilyondataandbiotechnology,whichcanexacerbateexistinginequalitiesifaccessisnotequitable.Verticalfarming,whilepromising,requiressignificantenergyinputs,raisingquestionsaboutitslong-termenvironmentalsustainability.Additionally,theglobalfoodsystemmustaddressissuesoffoodwaste,whichaccountsforasubstantialportionofagriculturalproduction.Innovativesolutionsforstorage,distribution,andconsumptionpatternsareneededtoreducewasteandimproveoverallefficiency.Furthermore,promotingsustainabledietarypractices,suchasreducingmeatconsumptionandincreasingtheintakeofplant-basedfoods,cancontributetoamoresustainablefoodsystem.11.Whatistheprimaryconcernaddressedbytheglobalfoodsysteminthe21stcentury?(A)Thepromotionofagriculturaltourism.(B)Thechallengeofensuringfoodsecurityandsustainability.(C)Theincreaseinglobalmeatproduction.(D)Thereductionofagriculturalresearchfunding.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisabenefitofprecisionfarming?(A)Itreducestheneedforfarmers.(B)Itoptimizesresourceuseandreducesenvironmentalimpact.(C)Itincreasestherelianceonmanuallabor.(D)Iteliminatestheneedforfertilizers.13.Thepassagementionsverticalfarmingasasolutiontowhichproblem?(A)Thelackofarablelandinurbanareas.(B)Thehighcostofagriculturaltechnology.(C)Theinefficiencyoftraditionalfarmingmethods.(D)Theoveruseofpesticidesinagriculture.14.Whatethicalconsiderationisraisedregardingtheadoptionofagriculturaltechnologies,asmentionedinthepassage?(A)Thepotentialforincreasedcropyields.(B)Theriskofexacerbatingexistinginequalities.(C)Thereductioninenergyconsumption.(D)Theimprovementinenvironmentalsustainability.15.Accordingtothepassage,whatcancontributetoamoresustainablefoodsystem?(A)Increasingtheuseofsingle-useplasticsforfoodpackaging.(B)Promotingsustainabledietarypractices.(C)Raisingthepriceofplant-basedfoods.(D)Reducinggovernmentsupportforagriculture.試卷答案PartIReadingComprehensionPassage11.(C)Ithasresultedincognitivefatigueandstressduetoinformationoverload.*解析思路：文章首段明確指出數(shù)字革命帶來的重大挑戰(zhàn)之一是數(shù)字過載（digitaloverload），并直接說明其后果是認(rèn)知疲勞（cognitivefatigue）和壓力（stress）。選項(xiàng)C與原文表述一致。2.(B)Itisdesignedtobeengagingandprioritizeuserattention.*解析思路：文章第二段提到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息的特點(diǎn)是設(shè)計(jì)上旨在吸引注意力（captureattention）并優(yōu)先考慮即時(shí)性（immediacy），這與選項(xiàng)B的描述相符。原文強(qiáng)調(diào)信息是“relentlessstimulation”（無休止的刺激），選項(xiàng)B是其原因的概括。3.(B)Theimportanceplacedonsocialinteractionsindigitalspaces.*解析思路：文章第二段提到用戶感到有壓力要頻繁參與社交媒體以維持“socialcurrency”。結(jié)合上下文，這里的socialcurrency指在數(shù)字空間中獲得的社交價(jià)值或重要性，即社會(huì)地位或影響力，選項(xiàng)B是對(duì)此的解釋。4.(C)Itoverloadsit,makingitdifficulttoconcentrateoncomplextasks.*解析思路：文章第二段明確說明，持續(xù)的刺激（constantstimulation）會(huì)“overloadourworkingmemory”，并導(dǎo)致難以集中精力處理復(fù)雜任務(wù)（makingitdifficulttoconcentrateoncomplextasks）。選項(xiàng)C直接轉(zhuǎn)述了原文信息。5.(D)Itcreatesanxietyandfosterssocialcomparison.*解析思路：文章第三段提到數(shù)字過載的另一個(gè)心理影響是“fearofmissingout(FOMO)”導(dǎo)致焦慮，并且社交媒體上理想化的生活引發(fā)“socialcomparison”和不足感。選項(xiàng)D概括了這兩點(diǎn)心理影響。Passage26.(B)Thechallengesandprioritiesofsustainableurbandevelopment.*解析思路：文章首段指出城市化帶來的挑戰(zhàn)，并引出可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展的主題和優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。后續(xù)段落分別從環(huán)境、社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)角度論述可持續(xù)發(fā)展。選項(xiàng)B準(zhǔn)確概括了全文主旨。7.(B)Theyimproveairqualityandproviderecreationalopportunities.*解析思路：文章第二段明確列舉了城市綠地的好處，包括“improvedairquality”（改善空氣質(zhì)量）和為居民提供“recreationalopportunities”（休閑機(jī)會(huì)）。選項(xiàng)B與原文信息完全一致。8.(B)Reducingpollutionandcongestion.*解析思路：文章第二段提到可持續(xù)交通系統(tǒng)（sustainabletransportationsystems）的重要性，目的是“reducepollutionandcongestion”（減少污染和擁堵）。選項(xiàng)B直接對(duì)應(yīng)原文信息。9.(B)Providingaffordablehousing