UNIT5LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLD閱讀詞匯會認(rèn)1.bonen.骨頭；骨(質(zhì))2.shelln.殼；殼狀物3．carvevt.&vi.雕刻4.dynastyn.王朝；朝代5．dialectn.地方話；方言6.tonguen.舌頭；語言7．semestern.學(xué)期8.pantsn．[pl.](BrE)內(nèi)褲；短褲；(especiallyNAmE)褲子重點詞匯會寫1.billionn．十億2.nativeadj.本地的n．本地人3．a(chǎn)ttituden．態(tài)度；看法4.systemn．體系；制度；系統(tǒng)5．despiteprep.即使；盡管6.factorn．因素；要素7．symboln．符號；象征8.meansn．方式；方法；途徑9．classicadj.傳統(tǒng)的；最優(yōu)秀的；典型的n．經(jīng)典作品；名著10．regardn．尊重；關(guān)注vt.把……視為；看待11.charactern．文字；符號；角色；品質(zhì)；特點12．calligraphyn．書法；書法藝術(shù)13.affairn．公共事務(wù)；事件；關(guān)系14．strugglen．&vi.斗爭；奮斗；搏斗15.petroln．(NAmEgas)汽油16．subwayn．(BrEunderground)地鐵17.apartmentn．(especiallyNAmE)公寓套房18．gapn．間隔；開口；差距19.vocabularyn．詞匯拓展詞匯會變1.referencen．指稱關(guān)系；參考→refervi.提到；參考；查閱vt.查詢；叫……求助于2．basedadj.以(某事)為基礎(chǔ)的；以……為重要部分(或特征的)→basevt.以……為基礎(chǔ)n．底部；根據(jù)→basisn．基礎(chǔ)→basicadj.基礎(chǔ)的3．varietyn．(植物、語言等的)變體；異體；多樣化→varyv．變化；不同→variousadj.各種各樣的4．majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的n．主修課程；主修學(xué)生vi.主修；專門研究→majorityn．大多數(shù)5．globaladj.全球的；全世界的→globen．地球；地球儀6．a(chǎn)ppreciatevt.欣賞；重視；感激；領(lǐng)會vi.增值→appreciationn．感激；欣賞→appreciativeadj.感激的7．specificadj.特定的；明確的；具體的→specificallyadv.特定地；明確地8．begvt.懇求；祈求；哀求→beggarn．乞丐9．equaln．同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同樣的→equallyadv.平等地→equalityn．平等10．demandn．要求；需求vt.強(qiáng)烈要求；需要vi.查問→demandingadj.要求高的11．descriptionn．描寫(文字)；形容→describevt.描述12．relatevt.聯(lián)系；講述→relatedadj.相關(guān)的→relationn．關(guān)系→relationshipn．關(guān)系運用鞏固提能1.(牛津高階)Theyhadawonderfulholiday,despite(盡管)thebadweather.2．(2023·全國甲卷)AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,sometimesIfinddistinctivecharacter(特點)inthehillsorlakes.3．(劍橋高階)Someofthetunnelsinthecliffarenatural,somewerecarved(雕刻)out.4．(劍橋高階)I'vebeenstruggling(奮斗)tounderstandthisarticleallafternoon.5．(柯林斯詞典)Hisvocabulary(詞匯)wassoundandhisgrammarwasexcellent.6．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)StevenMoransaysthesetofhumanspeechsoundsisacomplexanddynamicsystem(系統(tǒng))．7.(2022·全國甲卷)There'sonenotablegap(差距)inmynew-mediaexperience,however.8．Let'sstateclearly：Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbol(象征)forgenius.9．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegases(gas)intheworld.10．(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)WhatisJack'sattitudetoward/toparentsdrivingtheirkidstoschool?11．ThemajorityofthestudentslookforwardtomajoringinEnglishbecauseEnglishmajorscanfindajobeasily.(major)12．Iwouldliketoexpressmyappreciationtoallofyou.Iamcompletelyappreciativeofyoursupport.NowordsareenoughtoexpresshowIappreciateyourassistance.(appreciate)13．Allmenarebornequal，soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityistheessentialdemand.(equal)14．Itisanimportantbutdemandingjob,soitdemandsourjointefforts.(demand)15．Ihavedifficultydescribingthetouristattraction,whosebeautyisbeyonddescription.(describe)16．IwaswanderinginasubwaystationwhenIsawabeggarbeggingforfood.(beg)17．ThecompanywhosebaseisinBeijingdesirestobuildbusinessrelationshipwithusonthebasisoftrustandmutualbenefitandtheirgoodsmeetourbasicrequirements.(base)18．Whentakingexaminations,wearebannedfromreferringtoourreferencebooks.(reference)19．ThechairmanoftheStudentAssociationorganizesvarietiesofactivities,varyingfromEnglishCornerstoSpeechCompetitions.Sostudentscanimprovevariousabilities.(variety)20．(2022·全國甲卷)First,tryeverymeanstofightagainstglobalwarming,whichhasbecomeagreatthreattoseacreaturesaroundtheglobe.(globe)寫準(zhǔn)記牢1.referto指的是；描述；提到；查閱2.upsanddowns浮沉；興衰；榮辱3．dateback(to...)追溯到4.pointofview觀點；看法5．relateto與……相關(guān)；涉及；談到6.beknownfor因為……而著名7．bridgethegapbetweenus消除我們之間的隔閡8.leadto導(dǎo)致9．playamajorrolein在……中起著重要的作用10.havetroublewith在……方面有困難11．dependon依靠，依賴語境運用1.Theteacherreferredtoinmylastletterhasgoneabroad.2．(劍橋高階)Thistraditiondatesbacktomedievaltimes.3．(劍橋高階)Likemostmarriedcoupleswe'vehadourupsanddowns，butlife'slikethat.4．(朗文當(dāng)代)IrespectyourpointofviewbutI'mnotsureIagreewithyou.5．(朗文當(dāng)代)AdegreeinEnglishcouldleadtoacareerinjournalism.6．(2022·全國甲卷)Itgoeswithoutsayingthatoceansplayamajorroleintheworld.7．(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,includingreducedconcentration,anentertainmentmindset(心態(tài))andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.【詞匯拓展記憶】盤點-ic結(jié)尾形容詞加-ally變副詞單復(fù)數(shù)意義不同的名詞小結(jié)無“被動語態(tài)”的短語①basic基本的→basically基本上；根本上②specific具體的→specifically具體地③scientific科學(xué)的→scientifically科學(xué)地④automatic自動的→automatically自動地⑤enthusiastic熱情的→enthusiastically熱情地⑥dramatic戲劇性的→dramatically戲劇性地①custom風(fēng)俗→customs海關(guān)②manner方式→manners禮貌③paper紙→papers文件④art藝術(shù)→arts文科⑤short短片→shorts短褲；內(nèi)褲⑥mean平均值→means方式；方法；途徑①datefrom/backto追溯到②comeintobeing誕生③takeplace發(fā)生④belongto屬于⑤comeintoexistence成立；開始存在⑥consistof由……組成原句譯背1．why引導(dǎo)的定語從句Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible，butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.這之所以成為可能有很多原因，其中一個主要因素就是中國書寫體系。2．beof＋抽象名詞＝be＋形容詞ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.這種書寫體系在凝聚中華民族和中華文化方面具有重要意義。3．“nomatter＋疑問詞”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak，theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.即使在今天，不論住在哪里，也不論說何種方言，中國人都仍能通過書寫(文字)進(jìn)行交流。4．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，意為“隨著”AsChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs，anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina'scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.隨著中國在全球事務(wù)中扮演著越來越重要的角色，越來越多的國際學(xué)生開始通過漢語這一奇妙的語言欣賞中國的文化和歷史。5．the＋比較級．..，the＋比較級．..Itwa