大客流安全風(fēng)險及組織原則Safetyrisksandorganizationalprinciplesoflargepassengerflow大客流安全風(fēng)險及組織原則Safetyrisksandorganizationalprinciplesoflargepassengerflow主講教師：馬丹Lecturer:Madan課程導(dǎo)入Courseimport你知道什么是大客流么？Doyouknowwhatalargepassengerflowis?如果不及時對大客流進行控制又會存在什么樣的風(fēng)險呢？Whatriskswouldtherebeifthelargepassengerflowisnotcontrolledinatimelymanner?大客流安全風(fēng)險及組織原則Safetyrisksandorganizationalprinciplesoflargepassengerflow課程導(dǎo)入Courseimport大客流安全風(fēng)險及組織原則Safetyrisksandorganizationalprinciplesoflargepassengerflow學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)Learningtask任務(wù)1：大客流定義Task1:Definitionoflargepassengerflow任務(wù)2：大客流分類Task2:Classificationoflargepassengerflow任務(wù)3：大客流特點Task3:Characteristicsoflargepassengerflow任務(wù)5：大客流處置原則Task5:Disposalprinciplesoflargepassengerflow任務(wù)4：大客流風(fēng)險分析Task4:Riskanalysisoflargepassengerflow課程導(dǎo)入Courseimport存在大客流現(xiàn)象的圖片有哪張？Whatisthepictureofalargepassengerflowphenomenon?課程導(dǎo)入Courseimport存在大客流現(xiàn)象的圖片有哪張？Whatisthepictureofalargepassengerflowphenomenon?課程導(dǎo)入Courseimport存在大客流現(xiàn)象的圖片有哪張？Whatisthepictureofalargepassengerflowphenomenon?課程導(dǎo)入Courseimport課程導(dǎo)入Courseimport應(yīng)以什么樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來判斷是否出現(xiàn)大客流呢？whatcriteriashouldbeusedtodeterminewhetherthereisalargepassengerflow?大客流的定義Thedefinitionoflargepassengerflow大客流的定義Thedefinitionoflargepassengerflow站臺Theplatform付費區(qū)Theplatform非付費區(qū)Theplatformv大客流警戒線Largepassengerflowwarningline大客流的定義Thedefinitionoflargepassengerflow站臺Theplatform站臺候車乘客超過整個站臺面積的2/3時。Whenthepassengerswaitingontheplatformexceedtwo-thirdsoftheentireplatformarea.付費區(qū)Theplatform付費區(qū)乘客超過整個付費區(qū)面積的2/3時。Whenthepassengersinthepaidareaexceedtwo-thirdsoftheentirepaidarea.非付費區(qū)Theplatform當(dāng)非付費區(qū)乘客超過整個非付費區(qū)面積的2/3時。Whenthepassengersinthenon-paidareaexceedtwo-thirdsoftheentirenon-paidarea.v大客流警戒線Largepassengerflowwarningline大客流的分類Theclassificationoflargepassengerflow大客流的分類Theclassificationoflargepassengerflow可預(yù)見性大客流predictablelargepassengerflow突發(fā)性大客流suddenlargepassengerflow節(jié)假日大客流largepassengerflowduringholidays大型活動大客流largepassengerflowduringlarge-scaleevents惡劣天氣大客流largepassengerflowinbadweather列車故障suddentrainfailures其他突發(fā)情況otherunexpectedsituations信號故障signalfailures大客流的分類Theclassificationoflargepassengerflow節(jié)假日大客流Largepassengerflowduringholidays元旦NewYear'sDay春節(jié)SpringFestival勞動節(jié)LaborDay國慶節(jié)NationalDayv造成全線各站客流普遍大幅上升Causethewholelineofthestationpassengerflowgenerallyincreasedsubstantially大客流的分類Theclassificationoflargepassengerflow大型活動大客流Largepassengerflowduringlarge-scaleevents地鐵沿線附近舉行大型活動wherelarge-scaleeventsareheldnearthesubwayline節(jié)假日期間舉行的大型活動Largeeventsheldduringtheholidays東盟博覽會TheChina-ASEANExpo大型車展活動Large-scaleautoshowevents在較短時間內(nèi)涌入地鐵車站乘車，造成車站客流迅速上升。Withinarelativelyshortperiodoftime,causingthepassengerflowatthestationstoriserapidly.大客流的分類Theclassificationoflargepassengerflow惡劣天氣大客流Largepassengerflowinbadweather臺風(fēng)typhoons大雨heavyrains乘坐地鐵takethesubway大客流特點Characteristicsoflargepassengerflow大客流特點Characteristicsoflargepassengerflow這些可預(yù)見型大客流會對下面線路圖中哪些車站產(chǎn)生沖擊，影響車站運營呢？Sowhichstationsinthefollowinglinemapwillbeimpactedbythesepredictablelargepassengerflowsandaffectthestationoperations?大客流類型不同，影響的車站類型也存在差異。Differenttypesoflargepassengerflowshavedifferentimpactsondifferenttypesofstations.vABCDEFG一般站樞紐站商業(yè)區(qū)大型活動場館GeneralstationTerminalstationCommercialdistrictLargeeventvenues大客流特點CharacteristicsoflargepassengerflowvABCDEFG一般站樞紐站商業(yè)區(qū)大型活動場館GeneralstationTerminalstationCommercialdistrictLargeeventvenues節(jié)假日大客流Largepassengerflowduringholidays長假期大客流在返鄉(xiāng)、返程時樞紐站客流激增明顯，但激增客流比較穩(wěn)定，因此影響不大。Duringlongholidays,thepassengerflowattransportationhubssurgessignificantlyduringthereturnjourneytohometownsandthereturntrips,However,thesurgingpassengerflowisrelativelystable,sotheimpactisnotsignificant.大客流特點CharacteristicsoflargepassengerflowvABCDEFG一般站樞紐站商業(yè)區(qū)大型活動場館GeneralstationTerminalstationCommercialdistrictLargeeventvenues節(jié)假日大客流Largepassengerflowduringholidays短假期客流商業(yè)街附近車站客流激增，對商業(yè)街附近車站沖擊較大。Duringshortholidays,thepassengerflowatstationsnearcommercialstreetssurgeswhichhasarelativelylargeimpactonthesestations.市民出行、購物較多Citizenstravel,shoppingmore大客流特點CharacteristicsoflargepassengerflowvABCDEFG一般站樞紐站商業(yè)區(qū)大型活動場館GeneralstationTerminalstationCommercialdistrictLargeeventvenues大型活動大客流Largepassengerflowduringlarge-scaleevents影響最大beingthemostaffected大客流特點CharacteristicsoflargepassengerflowvABCDEFG一般站樞紐站商業(yè)區(qū)大型活動場館GeneralstationTerminalstationCommercialdistrictLargeeventvenues惡劣天氣大客流Largepassengerflowinbadweather此類客流對某個車站的沖擊不會太大，但列車會比較擁擠，乘客上下車比較困難。Thistypeofpassengerflowdoesnothaveahugeimpactonasinglestation.However,thetrainstendtobemorecrowded,anditismoredifficultforpassengerstogetonandoffthetrains.大客流安全風(fēng)險及組織原則Safetyrisksandorganizationalprinciplesoflargepassengerflow主要受影響的車站存在哪些風(fēng)險Whatrisksexistinthemainlyaffectedstations?大客流風(fēng)險分析Riskanalysisoflargepassengerflow大客流風(fēng)險分析Riskanalysisoflargepassengerflow客運傷亡Passengercasualties乘客擁擠、造成客傷。Overcrowdingofpassengersmaycausepassengerinjuries.大客流風(fēng)險分析Riskanalysisoflargepassengerflow無法上下車Inabilitytoboardoralight站臺沒有客流引導(dǎo)，乘客無法上下車，導(dǎo)致乘客堆積站臺。Withoutpassengerflowguidanceontheplatform,passengersareunabletoboardoralightthetrain,resultinginabuild-upofpassengersontheplatform.大客流風(fēng)險分析Riskanalysisoflargepassengerflow交叉客流Intersectingpassengerflows客流流線不清晰，進出站、換乘的乘客沒有按照指引行走，導(dǎo)致場面混亂，無法控制。Theflowlinesofpassengertrafficarenotclear.Passengersenteringorleavingthestationandthosetransferringdonotfollowtheguidance,leadingtoachaoticanduncontrollablesituation.大客流風(fēng)險分析Riskanalysisoflargepassengerflow危機公關(guān)事件Crisispublicrelationsincidents客控時間過長、沒有合理分批放行，導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)場情緒不穩(wěn)，發(fā)生乘客打架、投訴等輿情事件。Ifthepassengercontrollastsfortoolongandthereisnoreasonablebatchrelease,itwillleadtounstableemotionsatthescene,resultinginpublicopinionincidentssuchaspassengerfightsandcomplaints.大客流控制原則Principlesoflargepassengerflowcontrol大客流控制原則Principlesoflargepassengerflowcontrol基本原則Basicprinciples堅持集中領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、統(tǒng)一指揮的原則。Adheretotheprincipleofcentralizedleadershipandunifiedcommand.處置大客流遵循“安全第一、分級控制、合理引導(dǎo)、及時疏散”的原則。Whendealingwithlargepassengerflows,followtheprinciplesof"safetyfirst,hierarchicalcontrol,reasonableguidance,andtimelyevacuation."v分級控制hierarchicalcontrolv合理引導(dǎo)reasonableguidancev及時疏散timelyevacuation大客流控制原則Principlesoflargepassengerflowcontrol三級客流控制原則Principlesofthree-levelpassengerflowcontrol“由下至上、由內(nèi)至外”（高架站按照“由上至下、由內(nèi)至外”的原則）和“先控制進站，后控制換乘”的原則依次進行三級客流控制。"Frombottomtotop,frominsidetooutside"(Forelevatedstations,followtheprincipleof"fromtoptobottom,frominsidetooutside")andtheprincipleof"controllingtheentryflowfirst,andthenthetransferflow"Carryoutthree-levelpassengerflowcontrolinsequence第一級控制Thefirst-levelcontrol控制進入站臺乘客數(shù)量。Controlthenumberofpassengersenteringtheplatform.第二級控制Thesecond-levelcontrol控制進入付費區(qū)乘客數(shù)量。Controlthenumberofpassengersenteringthepaidarea.第三級控制Thethird-levelcontrol控制進站乘客數(shù)量。Controlthenumberofpassengersenteringthestation.大客流控制原則Principlesoflargepassengerflowcontrol點線結(jié)合控制原則Principleofcombinedpoint-linecontrol“線網(wǎng)控遵循“優(yōu)先滿足主控站的客流疏導(dǎo)，緩解高滿載率區(qū)段的客流壓力”的原則。Forthelinenetworkcontrol,followtheprincipleof"givingprioritytothepassengerflowevacuationofthemaincontrolstationandrelievingthepassengerflowpressureinthesectionswithhighloadfactors".控制指揮中心負責(zé)地鐵全線網(wǎng)的客流控制Thecontrolandcommandcenterisresponsibleforthepassengerflowcontroloftheentiresubwaylinenetwork.車站站長或值班站長負責(zé)主控