2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解押題試卷閱讀理解技巧提升考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______閱讀理解directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Theriseofthedigitaleconomyhasprofoundlytransformedhowwework,live,andinteract.Whileofferingunprecedentedconvenienceandefficiency,ithasalsointroducednewchallengesandanxieties.Oneofthemostsignificantconcernsistheimpactontraditionalemploymentstructures.Automationandartificialintelligenceareincreasinglycapableofperformingtaskspreviouslydonebyhumans,leadingtofearsofwidespreadjobdisplacementacrossvariousindustries.Thistechnologicalshiftforcesbothindividualsandsocietiestoadapt,requiringareevaluationofskillsandthedevelopmentofneweducationalpathways.However,thedigitaleconomyisnotsolelyaboutjoblosses.Italsocreatesentirelynewtypesofjobsandcareeropportunitiesthatwereunimaginableafewdecadesago.Fieldssuchasdatascience,digitalmarketing,andcybersecurityarebooming,demandingspecializedskillsthatareinhighdemand.Thekeyforindividualsistoacquirethenecessarycompetenciestothriveinthisevolvinglandscape.Thismightinvolvelifelonglearning,upskilling,orreskillingtostayrelevantinthejobmarket.Thenatureofworkitselfisalsochanging.Thetraditional9-to-5officemodelisgivingwaytomoreflexiblearrangements,includingremotework,gigeconomyjobs,andproject-basedemployment.Whileflexibilityoffersgreaterautonomyandwork-lifebalanceforsome,italsopresentschallengessuchasmaintainingwork-lifeboundariesandensuringconsistentincome.Thepsychologicalimpactofisolationandthelackofaclearcareerprogressionpathinnon-traditionalworkarrangementscannotbeoverlookedeither.Ultimately,navigatingthechallengesofthedigitaleconomyrequiresamulti-facetedapproach.Governmentsneedtoimplementpoliciesthatsupportworkforcetransitions,providesocialsafetynetsforthosedisplaced,andinvestineducationandtrainingprograms.Businesseshavearesponsibilitytoadoptethicalpracticesthatprioritizeemployeewell-beingalongsideproductivity.Andindividualsmustembraceamindsetofcontinuousadaptationandlearningtoseizetheopportunitiespresentedbythisnewera.Questions:1.Whatistheprimaryconcernmentionedregardingthedigitaleconomy'simpactonemployment?2.Accordingtothepassage,howcanindividualsadapttothechangingjobmarket?3.Whataresomeadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheflexibleworkarrangementsmentioned?4.Whatrolesdogovernments,businesses,andindividualsplayinnavigatingthechallengesofthedigitaleconomy?Passage2Urbanizationhasbeenoneofthedefiningtrendsofthe21stcentury,withmillionsmigratingtocitiesinsearchofbetteropportunitiesandimprovedlivingstandards.Whilecitiesofferaccesstoeducation,healthcare,anddiverseculturalexperiences,theyalsobringaboutahostofenvironmentalandsocialproblems.Theconcentrationofpeopleinurbanareasleadstoincreasedpollution,strainoninfrastructure,andheightenedcompetitionforresources.Sustainableurbandevelopmenthasbecomeacriticalfocusforpolicymakersandurbanplannersworldwide.Onekeyaspectisthepromotionofgreenspaceswithincities.Parks,gardens,andgreenroofsnotonlyenhancetheaestheticappealofurbanenvironmentsbutalsoprovidenumerousecologicalbenefits.Theyhelpmitigatetheurbanheatislandeffect,improveairquality,andofferresidentsplacesforrecreationandrelaxation.Furthermore,investinginpublictransportationsystemscansignificantlyreducetrafficcongestionandgreenhousegasemissionsassociatedwithprivatevehicleuse.Anothercrucialelementisthedevelopmentofsmartcities,whichleveragetechnologytoimprovetheefficiencyandsustainabilityofurbanoperations.Smartgridscanoptimizeenergydistribution,whilesensornetworkscanmonitorandmanageresourceslikewaterandwastemoreeffectively.However,theimplementationofsmartcitytechnologiesraisesconcernsaboutdataprivacyandthedigitaldivide,whichmustbeaddressedtoensureequitableaccessandbenefitsforallresidents.Communityengagementandparticipatoryplanningarealsovitalforsuccessfulurbandevelopment.Citiesarehometodiversepopulationswithuniqueneedsandperspectives.Involvingresidentsintheplanningprocesscanleadtomoreinclusiveandresponsiveurbanenvironments.Thismightinvolveestablishingcommunityforums,conductingsurveys,orcreatingplatformsforpublicfeedback.Byfosteringasenseofownershipandcollaboration,citiescanbecomemorecohesiveandresilient.Questions:5.Whataresomeoftheenvironmentalproblemsassociatedwithurbanization?6.Howcangreenspacescontributetosustainableurbandevelopment?7.Whatarethepotentialbenefitsandconcernsofsmartcitytechnologies?8.Whyiscommunityengagementimportantinurbanplanning?Passage3Theglobalclimatecrisisdemandsurgentanddecisiveactionfromallnations.Theincreasingconcentrationofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere,primarilyduetohumanactivitiessuchasburningfossilfuelsanddeforestation,iscausingrisingglobaltemperatures,morefrequentandsevereweatherevents,andlong-termecologicaldisruptions.Addressingthischallengerequiresamultifacetedapproach,encompassingbothmitigationandadaptationstrategies.Mitigationeffortsfocusonreducinggreenhousegasemissionstolimittheextentofclimatechange.Transitioningtorenewableenergysourceslikesolar,wind,andhydroelectricpoweriscrucial.Thesetechnologiesarebecomingincreasinglycost-effectiveandcanprovideclean,sustainableenergy.Additionally,improvingenergyefficiencyinbuildings,transportation,andindustrycansignificantlyreduceemissions.Anotherimportantmitigationstrategyisreforestationandafforestation,whichinvolveplantingtreesandrestoringforeststoabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.Adaptationstrategiesarenecessarytocopewiththeimpactsofclimatechangethatarealreadyoccurringorareexpectedtohappeninthefuture.Thismightinvolvebuildingseawallstoprotectcoastalcommunitiesfromrisingsealevels,developingdrought-resistantcropstoensurefoodsecurityinaridregions,orimplementingearlywarningsystemsforextremeweatherevents.Adaptationmeasuresareparticularlyimportantforvulnerablepopulationswhoareoftenmostaffectedbyclimatechangebuthavetheleastresourcestocope.Internationalcooperationisessentialforeffectivelytacklingtheclimatecrisis.Climatechangeisaglobalproblemthattranscendsnationalborders.Nosinglecountrycansolveitalone.TheParisAgreementisalandmarkinternationaltreatythataimstolimitglobalwarmingtowellbelow2degreesCelsiusabovepre-industriallevels.However,achievingthisgoalrequiresallnationstofulfilltheircommitmentsandworktogethertoimplementambitiousmitigationandadaptationmeasures.Questions:9.Whatarethemaincausesoftheincreasingconcentrationofgreenhousegases?10.Whataresomeexamplesofmitigationstrategiestoreducegreenhousegasemissions?11.Howcanadaptationstrategieshelpcommunitiescopewiththeimpactsofclimatechange?12.Whyisinternationalcooperationimportantinaddressingtheclimatecrisis?Passage4Theinternethasrevolutionizedthewayweaccessandshareinformation.Ithasdemocratizedknowledge,allowingpeoplearoundtheworldtoconnect,collaborate,andlearnfromoneanother.However,thisdigitalrevolutionhasalsogivenrisetonewchallenges,particularlyintherealmofmisinformationanditspotentialtoinfluencepublicopinionandpoliticalprocesses.Misinformationreferstofalseormisleadinginformationthatisspread,oftenunintentionally,withtheintenttodeceive.Itcantakemanyforms,includingfakenewsarticles,doctoredimagesandvideos,andconspiracytheories.Theinternet'sstructure,withitseaseofsharingandrapiddisseminationofcontent,providesafertilegroundformisinformationtospread.Socialmediaplatforms,inparticular,havebecomekeyvectorsfortherapidspreadoffalseinformation,oftenreachinglargeaudienceswithinashortperiod.Theconsequencesofmisinformationcanbefar-reachinganddamaging.Itcanerodetrustininstitutions,includingthemedia,government,andscientificbodies.Itcanmanipulatepublicopinion,influenceelections,andeveninciteviolence.Thelinebetweenmisinformationanddisinformation,whichisfalseinformationspreaddeliberatelytodeceive,canbeblurry.Disinformationcampaignsareoftenorchestratedbyindividuals,groups,orevenstateactorstoachievespecificpoliticalorideologicalgoals.Combatingmisinformationrequiresamulti-prongedapproach.Medialiteracyeducationiscrucialtoempowerindividualstocriticallyevaluatetheinformationtheyencounteronline.Fact-checkingorganizationsplayanimportantroleinidentifyinganddebunkingfalseinformation.Socialmediaplatformsalsohavearesponsibilitytodevelopandimplementalgorithmsandpoliciesthatreducethespreadofmisinformation.Thismightinvolveusingmachinelearningtoidentifypotentiallyfalsecontent,providinglabelsorwarningsforarticlesfromunreliablesources,andgivingusersmoretoolstocontroltheinformationtheysee.Questions:13.Whatismisinformationandhowdoestheinternetcontributetoitsspread?14.Whataresomepotentialconsequencesofmisinformation?15.Howcanmedialiteracyeducationhelpcombatmisinformation?16.Whatresponsibilitiesdosocialmediaplatformshaveinaddressingtheissueofmisinformation?試卷答案Passage11.A解析：文章首段明確指出，數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)的崛起帶來了前所未有的便利和效率，但也引入了新的挑戰(zhàn)和焦慮，并隨后詳細(xì)討論了就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變化帶來的擔(dān)憂。因此，主要擔(dān)憂是傳統(tǒng)就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)受到?jīng)_擊。2.C解析：文章第二段提到，個人需要獲得必要的技能來適應(yīng)不斷變化的環(huán)境，這可能涉及終身學(xué)習(xí)、提升技能或重新技能培訓(xùn)以保持就業(yè)市場的相關(guān)性。因此，個人可以通過獲取必要技能來適應(yīng)。3.B解析：文章第三段列舉了靈活工作的優(yōu)點(diǎn)（如自主性和工作生活平衡）和缺點(diǎn)（如維持工作生活界限困難、收入不穩(wěn)定、心理影響等）。因此，既有優(yōu)點(diǎn)也有缺點(diǎn)。4.D解析：文章最后一段明確指出，政府