2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練閱讀理解技巧提升考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷第一部分閱讀理解（本部分共4篇文章，每篇文章后面有5道題，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容回答問題。）PassageOneTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)haspromptedwidespreadspeculationaboutitsfutureimpactonthejobmarket.WhilesomeviewAIasaharbingerofwidespreadunemployment,othersarguethatitwillprimarilyautomateroutinetasks,freeinguphumanworkerstofocusonmorecomplexandcreativeendeavors.AcloserexaminationofthecurrenttrajectoryofAIsuggestsamorenuancedpicture,onewherecollaborationbetweenhumansandmachinesislikelytobecomethenewnorm.ProponentsofAIoftenhighlightitspotentialtoenhanceproductivityandefficiencyinvarioussectors.Inmanufacturing,forinstance,AI-poweredrobotscanperformrepetitiveandphysicallydemandingtaskswithgreaterprecisionandendurancethanhumans.Thisnotonlyimprovesoutputbutalsoreducestheriskofworkplaceinjuries.Similarly,inthehealthcareindustry,AIalgorithmscanassistdoctorsindiagnosingdiseasesbyanalyzingmedicalimageswithremarkableaccuracy,potentiallyleadingtoearlierandmoreaccuratediagnoses.However,thefearofjobdisplacementisnotunfounded.Industriesheavilyreliantonmanuallabor,suchasagricultureandtransportation,mayseesignificantchangesasAI-driventechnologieslikeautonomoustractorsandself-drivingtrucksbecomemoreprevalent.Whilethesetechnologiesmayeliminatesomejobs,theyarealsolikelytocreatenewonesinareassuchasAImaintenance,programming,andoversight.Thekey,therefore,liesineducationandretraining,equippingworkerswiththeskillsneededtocollaboratewithAIsystems.TheimpactofAIoncreativefieldsisalsoasubjectofdebate.WhileitisdifficulttoimagineanAIcomposingasymphonyorwritinganovel,AItoolscancertainlyaidhumancreativity.Forexample,AIcangeneratemusic,designgraphics,andevenwritebasicdraftsofarticlesorcode,servingasapowerfulassistanttohumanartistsandwriters.Thiscollaborativemodelmayleadtonewformsofartisticexpressionthatblendhumaningenuitywithmachinecapabilities.Ultimately,thefutureofworkinanAI-driveneconomywilldependonhowsocietyadapts.Policiesthatpromotelifelonglearning,supportretrainingprograms,andfosteracollaborativehuman-AIrelationshipwillbecrucial.WhileAIwillundoubtedlytransformthejobmarket,itisnotapredeterminedpathtomassunemploymentbutratheracallforashiftinhowweapproachworkandeducation.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethepotentialbenefitsofAIinmanufacturing?3.WhatconcernsareraisedabouttheimpactofAIoncertainindustries?4.HowmightAIinfluencecreativefields,accordingtotheauthor?5.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestascrucialforadaptingtoanAI-driveneconomy?PassageTwoTheconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,drivenbygrowingawarenessofenvironmentaldegradationandresourcedepletion.Whilethetermisoftenusedbroadly,itscoreprinciplesrevolvearoundmeetingtheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Achievingsustainabilityrequiresamultifacetedapproachthataddressesenvironmental,social,andeconomicdimensions.Environmentalsustainabilityfocusesonpreservingnaturalecosystemsandmitigatingclimatechange.Thisinvolvesreducinggreenhousegasemissions,protectingbiodiversity,andpromotingrenewableenergysources.Initiativessuchasreforestationprojects,wastereductionprograms,andthetransitiontoelectricvehiclesareexamplesofeffortsaimedatenvironmentalsustainability.However,thesemeasuresoftenfacesignificanteconomicandpoliticalchallenges,requiringsubstantialinvestmentandinternationalcooperation.Socialsustainabilityemphasizesthewell-beingofcommunitiesandtheequitabledistributionofresources.Itinvolvesensuringaccesstobasicnecessitieslikecleanwater,healthcare,andeducation,aswellaspromotingsocialinclusionandculturaldiversity.Community-basedinitiativesthatfosterlocalresilienceandempowermarginalizedgroupsarekeytoachievingsocialsustainability.Forinstance,programsthatprovidevocationaltrainingtounemployedyouthorsupportsmall-scalefarmerscancontributetosocialequityandstability.Economicsustainabilityseekstobalancegrowthwithenvironmentalandsocialconsiderations.Thisrequiresmovingawayfromthetraditionalmodelofendlessconsumptionandembracingcirculareconomyprinciples,whereresourcesarereusedandrecycledtominimizewaste.Sustainablebusinessesthatintegrateenvironmentalandsocialfactorsintotheiroperationscandriveinnovationandcreatelong-termvalue.Governmentsalsoplayarolebyimplementingpoliciesthatincentivizesustainablepracticesandpenalizeenvironmentallyharmfulones.Theinterconnectednessofthesethreedimensionshighlightstheneedforaholisticapproachtosustainability.Whileenvironmentalconcernsoftentakecenterstage,socialandeconomicfactorsareequallyimportant.Forexample,asustainableenergyprojectthatignoreslocalcommunityneedsmayfaceresistanceandfail,regardlessofitsenvironmentalbenefits.Therefore,truesustainabilityrequiresacollaborativeeffortthatinvolvesgovernments,businesses,andindividualsworkingtogethertocreateamoresustainablefuture.6.Whatisthecentralthemeofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomekeyinitiativesrelatedtoenvironmentalsustainability?8.Howdoesthepassagedefinesocialsustainability?9.Whatisthedifferencebetweentraditionaleconomicmodelsandthecirculareconomy?10.Whyisacollaborativeapproachemphasizedasessentialforachievingsustainability?PassageThreeTheriseofsocialmediahasfundamentallyalteredthewayhumanscommunicateandconsumeinformation.Whiletheseplatformsoffernumerousbenefits,suchasfacilitatingconnectionandenablingrapiddisseminationofnews,theyalsopresentsignificantchallenges.Oneofthemostpressingconcernsisthespreadofmisinformationanditspotentialtoinfluencepublicopinionanddemocraticprocesses.Misinformationreferstofalseormisleadinginformationthatisspreadunintentionally,whiledisinformationinvolvesthedeliberatecreationandpropagationoffalsecontentformanipulativepurposes.Theanonymityandscaleofsocialmediaplatformsprovidefertilegroundforbothtypesoffalseinformationtoproliferate.Falserumors,conspiracytheories,andfakenewsarticlescanquicklygoviral,reachinglargeaudiencesbeforetheyaredebunked.Theconsequencesofmisinformationcanbefar-reaching.Duringelections,falseinformationcanswayvoters,potentiallyalteringtheoutcome.Publichealthcrises,suchastheCOVID-19pandemic,havebeenexacerbatedbymisinformationaboutthevirusandvaccines,leadingtoharmfulbehaviorsandincreasedhealthrisks.Eveninlesscriticalareas,misinformationcandamagereputations,fuelsocialdivision,anderodetrustininstitutions.Combatingmisinformationrequiresamulti-prongedstrategy.Platformalgorithmsplayacrucialroleinthiseffort,astheycanbeusedtoidentifyandreducethevisibilityoffalsecontent.However,algorithmsarenotperfectandcansometimesinadvertentlypromotemisinformation.Therefore,humanoversightandfact-checkingarealsoessential.Educatingusersabouthowtoidentifyfalseinformationandpromotingmedialiteracyarecriticalstepsinempoweringindividualstoresisttheinfluenceofmisinformation.Despitethesechallenges,socialmediaplatformsalsoofferopportunitiestopromoteaccurateinformationandfosterinformeddiscourse.Byleveragingtheirreachandinnovativefeatures,theseplatformscanfacilitatethesharingofverifiednews,supportpublichealthinitiatives,andcreatespacesforconstructivedialogue.Thekeyliesindevelopingandimplementingstrategiesthatmaximizethebenefitsofsocialmediawhilemitigatingitsrisks.11.Whatistheprimaryconcernhighlightedbythepassageregardingsocialmedia?12.Howdoesthepassagedistinguishbetweenmisinformationanddisinformation?13.Provideanexampleofhowmisinformationcanhavesevereconsequences.14.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomestrategiestocombatthespreadoffalseinformation?15.Whatpotentialpositiverolescansocialmediaplatformsplayinpromotingaccurateinformation?PassageFourTheconceptofmentalhealthhasundergoneasignificanttransformationinrecentdecades,movingfromthefringesofpublicdiscoursetothecenterofsocietalattention.Thisshiftreflectsagrowingrecognitionthatmentalhealthisanintegralpartofoverallwell-beingandthatmentalhealthissuesaffectindividualsregardlessoftheirsocialstatusorbackground.Themovementtodestigmatizementalillnessisgainingmomentum,drivenbyadvocacygroups,healthcareprofessionals,andindividualswhohavesharedtheirpersonalexperiences.Destigmatizationeffortsaimtoreducethenegativeattitudesandbeliefsthatoftenpreventpeoplefromseekinghelpformentalhealthissues.Historically,mentalillnesshasbeenmisunderstoodandunfairlyassociatedwithweaknessormoralfailing.Thesestigmascanleadtosocialisolation,discrimination,andreluctancetoseektreatment.Bypromotingawarenessandunderstanding,destigmatizationeffortsseektocreateamoresupportiveandinclusiveenvironmentforindividualswithmentalhealthconditions.Theintegrationofmentalhealthintoprimarycareisanothersignificantdevelopmentinthefield.Traditionally,mentalhealthserviceshavebeensiloedfromgeneralhealthcare,resultinginlimitedaccessformany.Primarycarephysiciansarenowincreasinglyequippedtoscreenforandmanagecommonmentalhealthconditions,suchasdepressionandanxiety.Thisapproachnotonlyimprovesaccesstocarebutalsohelpstonormalizementalhealthtreatment,furtherreducingstigma.Technologicaladvancementshavealsoplayedaroleinimprovingmentalhealthoutcomes.Telehealthservices,forinstance,havemadeitpossibleforindividualsinremoteareastoaccessmentalhealthprofessionalsremotely.Mobileappsandonlineplatformsoffertoolsforself-monitoring,cognitive-behavioraltherapy(CBT)exercises,andpeersupport.Whilethesetechnologiesarenotasubstituteforprofessionalcare,theyprovidevaluableresourcesformanagingmentalhealthconditions.Despitetheseadvancements,challengesremaininensuringequitableaccesstomentalhealthservices.Disparitiesininsurancecoverage,culturalbiases,andshortagesofmentalhealthprofessionalscontinuetobebarriersformany.Addressingtheseissuesrequiresacoordinatedeffortfromgovernments,healthcaresystems,andcommunities.Investinginmentalhealthinfrastructure,trainingmorementalhealthprofessionals,andpromotingmentalhealthliteracyareessentialstepstowardbuildingamentallyhealthysociety.16.Whathasbeenthehistoricalperceptionofmentalillness,accordingtothepassage?17.Howaredestigmatizationeffortscontributingtoamoresupportiveenvironmentforindividualswithmentalhealthconditions?18.Whatisthesignificanceofintegratingmentalhealthintoprimarycare?19.Provideanexampleofhowtechnologyisbeingusedtosupportmentalhealth.20.Whataresomeoftheremainingchallengesinensuringequitableaccesstomentalhealthservices?---試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解PassageOne1.ThemainideaisthattheimpactofAIonthejobmarketisnuanced,likelyleadingtocollaborationbetweenhumansandmachinesratherthanwidespreadunemployment.**解析思路：*文章首段提出AI對(duì)就業(yè)市場的影響存在不同觀點(diǎn)，第二、三段分別論述了自動(dòng)化帶來的益處和潛在失業(yè)問題，第四段討論AI在創(chuàng)意領(lǐng)域的輔助作用，最后一段總結(jié)認(rèn)為關(guān)鍵在于適應(yīng)與合作。綜合來看，文章的核心觀點(diǎn)是AI的影響是復(fù)雜的，不會(huì)簡單導(dǎo)致失業(yè)，而是需要人類與機(jī)器協(xié)作，故選項(xiàng)強(qiáng)調(diào)“nuancedpicture”和“collaboration”為正確。2.Thepotentialbenefitsinmanufacturingincludeimprovedproductivity,efficiency,andreducedworkplaceinjuriesthroughtheuseofAI-poweredrobotsforrepetitiveandphysicallydemandingtasks.**解析思路：*文章第二段明確指出，在制造業(yè)中，AI驅(qū)動(dòng)的機(jī)器人能執(zhí)行重復(fù)性、體力要求高的任務(wù)，具有“greaterprecisionandendurancethanhumans”，從而“improvesoutput”并“reducestheriskofworkplaceinjuries”。選項(xiàng)需概括此信息。3.Theconcernsraisedareaboutjobdisplacementinindustriesheavilyreliantonmanuallabor,suchasagricultureandtransportation,duetotheadoptionofAI-driventechnologieslikeautonomoustractorsandself-drivingtrucks.**解析思路：*文章第三段直接提到“Industriesheavilyreliantonmanuallabor,suchasagricultureandtransportation,mayseesignificantchangesasAI-driventechnologieslikeautonomoustractorsandself-drivingtrucksbecomemoreprevalent.”并明確指出這是“thefearofjobdisplacementisnotunfounded.”4.Accordingtotheauthor,AImayinfluencecreativefieldsbyaidinghumancreativity,servingasapowerfulassistanttohumanartistsandwriters,andpotentiallyleadingtonewformsofartisticexpressionthatblendhumaningenuitywithmachinecapabilities.**解析思路：*文章第四段說明AI難以完全替代人類進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作（composeasymphonyorwriteanovel），但可以“aidhumancreativity”,“generatemusic,designgraphics,andevenwritebasicdrafts...”,并強(qiáng)調(diào)這是“acollaborativemodelmayleadtonewformsofartisticexpressionthatblendhumaningenuitywithmachinecapabilities.”5.ThepassagesuggeststhatadaptingtoanAI-driveneconomyrequirespoliciesthatpromotelifelonglearning,supportretrainingprograms,andfosteracollaborativehuman-AIrelationship.**解析思路：*文章最后一段明確指出，“Ultimately,thefutureofwork...willdependonhowsocietyadapts.Policiesthatpromotelifelonglearning,supportretrainingprograms,andfosteracollaborativehuman-AIrelationshipwillbecrucial.”**(注意：此題答案基于原文最后一句的直意，若原文未明確列出具體政策，則可能考察對(duì)“adaptation”的概括，即需要社會(huì)適應(yīng)，答案需更概括性，如：SocietyneedstoadapttotheAI-driveneconomy.但按原文字面意思，上述答案更準(zhǔn)確)*PassageTwo6.Thecentralthemeistheinterconnectednessofenvironmental,social,andeconomicdimensionsinachievingsustainability.**解析思路：*文章首段定義了可持續(xù)發(fā)展的核心，隨后分別論述了環(huán)境可持續(xù)性（第二段）、社會(huì)可持續(xù)性（第三段）和經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)性（第四段），最后一段強(qiáng)調(diào)三者“interconnectedness”和“holisticapproach”的必要性。故選項(xiàng)需概括此整體性和多維度特征。7.Somekeyinitiativesrelatedtoenvironmentalsustainabilityincludereducinggreenhousegasemissions,protectingbiodiversity,promotingrenewableenergysources,reforestationprojects,wastereductionprograms,andtransitioningtoelectricvehicles.**解析思路：*文章第二段明確列舉了環(huán)境可持續(xù)性的舉措：“reducinggreenhousegasemissions,protectingbiodiversity,promotingrenewableenergysources.Initiativessuchasreforestationprojects,wastereductionprograms,andthetransitiontoelectricvehiclesareexamples...”8.Socialsustainabilityisdefinedasfocusingonthewell-beingofcommunitiesandtheequitabledistributionofresources,ensuringaccesstobasicnecessitieslikecleanwater,healthcare,education,andpromotingsocialinclusionandculturaldiversity.**解析思路：*文章第三段對(duì)“socialsustainability”進(jìn)行定義：“emphasizesthewell-beingofcommunitiesandtheequitabledistributionofresources.Itinvolvesensuringaccesstobasicnecessitieslikecleanwater,healthcare,andeducation,aswellaspromotingsocialinclusionandculturaldiversity.”9.Thedifferenceisthattraditionaleconomicmodelsfocusonendlessconsumptionandlinearresourceuse(take-make-dispose),whilethecirculareconomyaimstominimizewastebyreusingandrecyclingresources.**解析思路：*文章第四段對(duì)比了兩種模式：“Thisrequiresmovingawayfromthetraditionalmodelofendlessconsumption...andembracingcirculareconomyprinciples,whereresourcesarereusedandrecycledtominimizewaste.”選項(xiàng)需抓住“endlessconsumption”與“reusingandrecyclingtominimizewaste”的核心區(qū)別。10.Acollaborativeapproachisessentialforachievingsustainabilitybecausethethreedimensions(environmental,social,economic)areinterconnected,andsuccessinoneareadependsonaddressingallaspectsforaholisticoutcome.**解析思路：*文章最后一段明確強(qiáng)調(diào)：“Theinterconnectednessofthesethreedimensionshighlightstheneedforaholisticapproach...Therefore,truesustainabilityrequiresacollaborativeeffortthatinvolvesgovernments,businesses,andindividualsworkingtogether...”選項(xiàng)需概括為何需要合作，即三者相互關(guān)聯(lián)，需要整體看待。PassageThree11.Theprimaryconcernhighlightedisthespreadofmisinformationanditspotentialtoinfluencepublicopinionanddemocraticprocesses.**解析思路：*文章首段即提出“oneofthemostpressingconcernsisthespreadofmisinformationanditspotentialtoinfluencepublicopinionanddemocraticprocesses.”選項(xiàng)需概括此核心問題。12.Misinformationisfalseormisleadinginformationspreadunintentionally,whiledisinformationinvolvesthedeliberatecreationandpropagationoffalsecontentformanipulativepurposes.**解析思路：*文章第二段對(duì)兩者進(jìn)行了區(qū)分：“Misinformationreferstofalseormisleadinginformationthatisspreadunintentionally,whiledisinformationinvolvesthedeliberatecreationandpropagationoffalsecontentformanipulativepurposes.”選項(xiàng)需準(zhǔn)確轉(zhuǎn)述此定義區(qū)別。13.AnexampleofhowmisinformationcanhavesevereconsequencesiswhenfalseinformationaboutthevirusandvaccinesduringtheCOVID-19pandemicledtoharmfulbehaviorsandincreasedhealthrisks.**解析思路：*文章第三段明確列舉了COVID-19疫情期間，關(guān)于病毒和疫苗的“falserumors,conspiracytheories,andfakenewsarticles”導(dǎo)致“harmfulbehaviorsandincreasedhealthrisks”的例子。選項(xiàng)需根據(jù)原文提供類似例子。14.Strategiestocombatthespreadoffalseinformationincludeplatformalgorithmstoidentifyandreducethevisibilityoffalsecontent,humanoversightandfact-checking,andeducatingusersaboutmedialiteracy.**解析思路：*文章第四段提出了應(yīng)對(duì)策略：“Platformalgorithmsplayacrucialrole...initiativessuchashumanoversightandfact-checkingarealsoessential.Educatingusersabouthowtoidentifyfalseinformationandpromotingmedialiteracyarecriticalsteps...”選項(xiàng)需概括原文提出的這些方法。15.Socialmediaplatformscanpromoteaccurateinformationandfosterinformeddiscoursebyleveragingtheirreachandinnovativefeaturestoshareverifiednews,supportpublichealthinitiatives,andcreatespacesforconstructivedialogue.**解析思路：*文章最后一段指出了社交媒體的積極作用：“Byleveragingtheirreachandinnovativefeatures,theseplatformscanfacilitatethesharingofverifiednews,supportpublichealthinitiatives,andcreatespacesforconstructivedialogue.”選項(xiàng)需概括原文提到的這些正面應(yīng)用。PassageFour16.Thehistoricalperceptionofmentalillnesswasthatitwasmisunderstoodandunfairlyassociatedwithweaknessormoralfailing,leadingtostigma,socialisolation,discrimination,andreluctancetoseektreatment.**解析思路：*文章第一段提到，“Theconceptofmentalhealthhasundergoneasignificanttransformation...reflectingagrowingrecognitionthatmentalhealthisanintegralpartofoverallwell-being...Thisshiftreflectsagrowingrecognitionthatmentalhealthissuesaffectindividualsregardlessoftheirsocialstatusorbackground.Themovementtodestigmatizementalillnessisgainingmomentum,drivenbyadvocacygroups,healthcareprofessionals,andindividualswhohavesharedtheirpersonalexperiences.”雖然未直接描述舊觀點(diǎn)，但最后一句提到“movementtodestigmatize”表明舊有觀念是帶有“stigma”的。結(jié)合常識(shí)和上下文，可以推斷舊觀念是將其視為弱點(diǎn)或道德缺陷。文章第三段也提到“stigmascanleadtosocialisolation,discrimination,andreluctancetoseektreatment.”進(jìn)一步佐證了負(fù)面和污名化的歷史看法。17.Destigmatizationeffortscontributebypromotingawarenessandunderstanding,reducingnegativeattitudesandbeliefs,creatingamoresupportiveandinclusiveenvironment,and