2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解全真模擬試卷文章背景知識考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解directions:Ineachofthefollowingpassages,therearesomesentencesmissing.Eachsentenceismarkedbyanumber.Choosethemostsuitableonefromthefourchoices(A),(B),(C)and(D)foreachoftheblanksandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)PassageOneTherapidexpansionoftheinternetandsocialmediahasfundamentallyalteredhowpeopleconsumeinformationandinteractwithoneanother.①______,ithasalsogivenrisetoanewsetofchallenges,particularlyintherealmofmisinformation.Theeasewithwhichfalseormisleadingcontentcanbecreatedanddisseminatedonlineposesasignificantthreattoinformedpublicdiscourse.②______,thelinesbetweenfactandfictionhavebecomeincreasinglyblurredformanyusers.Thisphenomenonisnotwithoutconsequence;itcanerodetrustininstitutions,influenceelectionoutcomes,andevenincitesocialunrest.③______,effortstocombatthespreadofmisinformationmustbemulti-faceted,involvingnotonlyindividualmedialiteracybutalsoplatformresponsibilityandregulatoryoversight.Withoutsuchacomprehensiveapproach,theintegrityofonlineinformationecosystemsremainsatrisk,potentiallyunderminingthedemocraticprocessitself.(A)However,thebenefitsderivedfromthisconnectivityareundeniable.(B)Consequently,theaveragepersonisconstantlybombardedwithvastamountsofinformation.(C)Furthermore,thepsychologicalimpactonindividualscannotbeoverstated.(D)Moreover,theeconomicimplicationsareequallysignificant.PassageTwoUrbanizationhasbeenoneofthedefiningtrendsofthe21stcentury,withmillionsmigratingtocitiesinsearchofbetteropportunities.①______,thisrapidurbangrowthputsimmensepressureonexistinginfrastructureandresources.Housingshortages,trafficcongestion,andpollutionhavebecomepersistentproblemsinmanymetropolitanareas.②______,sustainableurbanplanningbecomesparamounttoensuringcitiesremainlivableandattractive.Thisinvolvesaholisticapproachthatintegratesenvironmentalconsiderationswithsocialequityandeconomicdevelopment.③______,investingingreenspaces,promotingpublictransportation,andencouragingthedevelopmentofmixed-useneighborhoodsarecrucialsteps.Suchinitiativesnotonlymitigatethenegativeimpactsofurbanizationbutalsoenhancetheoverallqualityoflifeforcitydwellers,fosteringmoreresilientandsustainableurbanenvironmentsforthefuture.(A)Asaresult,theenvironmentalfootprintofcitiessignificantlyincreases.(B)Therefore,governmentsandurbanplannersfaceacriticalchallenge.(C)Inaddition,theculturaldiversitythatcitiesfosterisinvaluable.(D)Moreover,theimpactonruralareasisoftenoverlooked.PassageThreeTheconceptof"gigeconomy"hasgainedconsiderabletractioninrecentyears,reflectingthegrowingtrendofshort-termcontractsandfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs.①______,thisshiftoffersflexibilityandautonomyformanyworkers,allowingthemtochooseprojectsthatalignwiththeirinterestsandschedules.②______,criticsarguethatgigworkoftenlacksthesecurity,benefits,andlong-termcareerprogressionassociatedwithtraditionalemployment.Theabsenceofbenefitssuchashealthinsurance,retirementplans,andpaidleavecanleavegigworkersvulnerabletofinancialinstability.③______,therelationshipbetweengigplatforms,workers,andtraditionallaborregulationsremainsacomplexandevolvingissue,promptingongoingdebatesabouthowtobestprotecttherightsandwelfareofthisgrowingsegmentoftheworkforce.(A)Ontheotherhand,businessesbenefitfromthescalabilityandflexibilitythatgigworkersprovide.(B)However,thisflexibilitycomesatapotentialcosttoworkers'livelihoods.(C)Consequently,theboundariesbetweenworkandpersonallifehavebecomeincreasinglyblurred.(D)Moreover,theskilldevelopmentopportunitiesingigworkareoftenlimited.PassageFourAdvancementsinmedicaltechnologyhaverevolutionizedthetreatmentofnumerousdiseases,significantlyimprovingpatientoutcomesandlongevity.①______,thehighcostassociatedwiththesecutting-edgetreatmentsremainsamajorbarrierformanypatients.Procedureslikegenetherapyandroboticsurgery,whilehighlyeffective,oftencomewithpricetagsthataresimplyunaffordablefortheaverageperson.②______,thedisparityinaccesstoadvancedmedicalcarebasedonsocioeconomicstatushasbecomeincreasinglypronounced.Thisinequalitycanexacerbateexistinghealthdisparitiesandcreateatwo-tieredhealthcaresystem.③______,effortsmustbemadetobridgethisgap,potentiallythroughincreasedgovernmentfunding,insurancereforms,andthedevelopmentofmorecost-effectivetreatments.Ensuringthatthebenefitsofmedicalprogressareequitablydistributediscrucialforpromotingatrulyhealthysociety.(A)Despitetheseremarkableachievements,challengespersist.(B)Therefore,thefocushasshiftedtowardspreventivehealthcare.(C)Infact,somemedicaltechnologiesarebecomingobsoletequickly.(D)Moreover,thetrainingrequiredfornewmedicalproceduresisextensive.第二部分完形填空directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Choosethebestword(s)foreachblankfromthewordslistedinthebox.WriteyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)Note:Therearemorewordsintheboxthanneeded.TheDouble-EdgedSwordofGeneticEditingTheadventoftechnologieslikeCRISPR-Cas9hasplacedgeneticeditingwithinreachofscientists,offeringunprecedentedpossibilitiesfortreatinggeneticdisorders.①______,thepotentialformisuseandtheethicaldilemmasitraisesareequallyprofound.Theabilitytomodifyanorganism'sDNAopensdoorstoscenariosonceconfinedtosciencefiction,②______fromcorrectingdebilitatingconditionstoenhancinghumantraits.Whilethemedicalapplicationsholdimmensepromise,particularlyforinheriteddiseases,thesocietalimplicationsarefar-reachingandrequirecarefulconsideration.③______,thelinebetweentherapeuticuseandenhancementblurs,raisingquestionsaboutfairnessandequity.Couldgeneticeditingcreateadividebetween"geneticallyenhanced"individualsandtherest,leadingtoanewformofsocialstratification?④______,concernsexistaboutunforeseenconsequencesofalteringthehumangenome.Thelong-termeffectsofgeneticmodificationsareoftenunknown,andthereisariskofintroducingnewgeneticdisordersordisruptingthedelicatebalanceofecosystemsifeditsaremadetonon-humanspecies.⑤______,thedebatesurroundinggeneticeditingunderscorestheneedforrobustregulatoryframeworksandglobaldialoguetoensurethesepowerfultoolsaredevelopedandusedresponsiblyforthebenefitofhumanity.(A)However(B)Moreover(C)Thus(D)Nevertheless(E)Consequently(F)Furthermore(G)Indeed(H)Although(I)Similarly(J)Moreover(K)Firstly(L)Secondly(M)Therefore第三部分翻譯directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedbothexcitementandapprehensionglobally.Proponentshighlightitstransformativepotentialacrossvarioussectors,fromenhancingproductivityandautomatingroutinetaskstoadvancingscientificresearchandimprovingmedicaldiagnostics.AIsystems,capableofprocessingvastamountsofdatafarexceedinghumancapacity,offerunprecedentedopportunitiesforinnovationandproblem-solving.Yet,concernsaboutjobdisplacement,algorithmicbias,privacyviolations,andthepotentialformisuseofAItechnologycannotbeignored.AsAIcontinuestointegrateintodailylifeandcriticaldecision-makingprocesses,findingabalancebetweenharnessingitsbenefitsandmitigatingitsriskswillbeessentialforensuringafuturewheretechnologyserveshumanityresponsibly.第四部分寫作directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshouldfirstdescribethedrawing,theninterpretitsmeaning,andfinallygiveyoursuggestion(s).YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)[DrawingDescription:Apersonsitsaloneinadarkroom,surroundedbyvariouselectronicdeviceslikesmartphones,tablets,andlaptops,withbrightscreensilluminatingthem.Outsidethewindow,itisdaytime,andpeopleareinteractingwitheachotherinthepark.]---試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解PassageOne①B解析：空前提到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和社交媒體改變了人們獲取信息和互動的方式，空后提到它也帶來了挑戰(zhàn)，尤其是虛假信息的傳播。選項B“因此，普通人不斷被海量信息淹沒”承接了前文的變化，引出后文信息過載的挑戰(zhàn)，邏輯通順。②A解析：空前說虛假信息傳播在線上造成了嚴(yán)重威脅，線條模糊，空后說這種現(xiàn)象的后果是侵蝕信任等。選項A“然而，從中獲得的益處是不可否認(rèn)的”在此處形成轉(zhuǎn)折，承認(rèn)了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接的好處，再引出其帶來的挑戰(zhàn)（后果），與上下文銜接自然。③D解析：空前提到應(yīng)對虛假信息需要多方面努力，空后提到在線信息生態(tài)的完整性受到威脅。選項D“此外，經(jīng)濟(jì)影響同樣重要”將挑戰(zhàn)的范圍從社會、心理層面擴(kuò)展到經(jīng)濟(jì)層面，與后文提及的“信息生態(tài)的完整性”雖然不是直接遞進(jìn)，但在討論信息時代的挑戰(zhàn)時，經(jīng)濟(jì)影響也是一個重要方面，可以視為對挑戰(zhàn)的補充說明，比其他選項更貼合語境。PassageTwo①A解析：空前提到城市化帶來了機遇，也提到了人口遷移，空后說這對基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和資源造成了壓力。選項A“結(jié)果，城市的環(huán)境足跡顯著增加”說明了人口聚集帶來的直接后果之一是環(huán)境壓力，與后文基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施壓力形成并列，解釋了城市增長的負(fù)面影響。②B解析：空前提到城市增長對基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施造成壓力，空后提到可持續(xù)城市規(guī)劃的重要性。選項B“因此，政府和城市規(guī)劃者面臨一個嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)”總結(jié)了前文的問題，并引出后文解決問題的必要性（可持續(xù)規(guī)劃），邏輯關(guān)系緊密。③C解析：空前提到可持續(xù)發(fā)展需要綜合考慮環(huán)境、社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)，空后列舉了具體的舉措（綠地、公共交通、混合用地區(qū)域）。選項C“此外，城市所培養(yǎng)的文化多樣性是無價的”在此處補充說明了城市除了面臨挑戰(zhàn)和需要規(guī)劃外，還具有重要的價值（文化多樣性），使對城市的描述更全面。PassageThree①A解析：空前提到零工經(jīng)濟(jì)的興起，空后提到它為許多人提供了靈活性和自主性。選項A“另一方面，企業(yè)從中受益于零工員工提供的可擴(kuò)展性和靈活性”從另一個角度（企業(yè)角度）說明了零工經(jīng)濟(jì)的普遍性及其原因，與后文對工人不利條件的討論形成對比，結(jié)構(gòu)更完整。②B解析：空前提到零工經(jīng)濟(jì)提供了靈活性，空后提到批評者認(rèn)為零工工作缺乏傳統(tǒng)工作的保障和福利。選項B“然而，這種靈活性可能給工人的生計帶來代價”承接了前文的靈活性，并用“然而”引出對其負(fù)面影響的批評，過渡非常自然。③D解析：空前提到零工工作缺乏保障，空后提到平臺、工人和傳統(tǒng)勞動法規(guī)的關(guān)系是一個復(fù)雜且不斷演變的問題。選項D“此外，零工工作中的技能發(fā)展機會往往有限”在此處補充說明了零工工作對工人的另一個不利方面（技能發(fā)展），進(jìn)一步支持了前文關(guān)于工人處境不佳的觀點，使論證更充分。PassageFour①A解析：空前提到醫(yī)學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步帶來了革命性變化，空后提到高成本是主要障礙。選項A“盡管取得了這些了不起的成就，但挑戰(zhàn)依然存在”用“盡管”引出醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)步的巨大成就，然后轉(zhuǎn)折說明仍然存在問題（高成本），與后文內(nèi)容銜接得當(dāng)。②J解析：空前提到高科技治療的高成本，空后提到基于社會經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的差異。選項J“此外”在此處起到補充說明的作用，指出了高成本帶來的另一個嚴(yán)重后果——accessibilityinequality（獲取差異），承上啟下。③M解析：空前提到需要彌合差距，空后提到確保技術(shù)公平惠及人類。選項M“因此”表示因果邏輯，說明正是因為存在不平等，所以才需要采取措施來彌合差距，并最終實現(xiàn)技術(shù)的公平應(yīng)用。第二部分完形填空①G解析：空前提到基因編輯技術(shù)帶來前所未有的可能性，空后提到潛在的濫用和倫理困境。選項G“確實”在此處表示強調(diào)，肯定了基因編輯技術(shù)的巨大潛力，并引出其帶來的復(fù)雜問題，語氣恰當(dāng)。②D解析：空前提到基因編輯的可能性包括治療疾病，空后提到從糾正到增強。選項D“從……到……”結(jié)構(gòu)符合文意，表示基因編輯應(yīng)用范圍的廣度，涵蓋了治療和增強兩個方面。③K解析：空前提到需要平衡好處和風(fēng)險，空后開始列舉風(fēng)險（倫理、社會、環(huán)境等）。選項K“首先”引導(dǎo)列舉的第一個方面（倫理擔(dān)憂），符合邏輯順序。④L解析：空前提到對非人類物種編輯的潛在風(fēng)險，空后提到長期影響未知。選項L“其次”引導(dǎo)列舉的第二個方面（未知長期影響），承上啟下，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。⑤H解析：空前提到需要監(jiān)管框架和全球?qū)υ?，空后提到確保技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)任地服務(wù)于人類。選項H“雖然”表示讓步，承認(rèn)基因編輯技術(shù)是強大的工具（powerfultools），但需要謹(jǐn)慎對待其發(fā)展和使用，為后文提出解決方案提供了前提。第三部分翻譯第四部分寫作Thedrawingvividlydepictsacontrastbetweeninternalandexternalengagement.Inthecenter,apersonisdepictedsittingaloneinadarkroom,surroundedbyvariouselectronicdevicessuchassmartphones,tablets,andlaptops,withtheirbrightscreensilluminatingthefigure.Thisscenesymbolizesdeepimmersioninthedigitalworld,isolationfromthephysicalenvironment,andperhapsadetachmentfromreal-worldinteractions.Instarkcontrast,outsidethewindow,itisdaytime,andpeopleareactivelyinteractingwitheachotherinapark,showcasingvibrantsocialconnectionsandthejoyofface-to-facecommunication.Thispartofthedrawingrepresentstheworldofopportunitiesandgenuinehumanbondingthattheindividualinsideismissing.Themeaningbehindthisdrawingisprofound,highlightingthemodernparadoxoftechnology.Whileelectronicdevices