16/16名師原創(chuàng)：Unit5單元考點(diǎn)突破●詞匯精講1.judgen.法官;裁判員;鑒定人;vi&vt.判斷;估計(jì);評(píng)價(jià);裁判;審判;判決【原句再現(xiàn)】Thefirstscientiststoexamineapreservedplatypusbodyjudgeditafakeinthelate18thcentury.(教材P49)【詞塊積累】judge...from/by...從……來(lái)判斷judgebetweenrightandwrong判斷是非asfarasIcanjudge據(jù)我判斷；我認(rèn)為judgingby/from從……上看；根據(jù)……判斷judgmentn.判斷；審判；判斷力judgeacase判案judgesb.guilty/判某人有罪makeajudgmenton對(duì)...作出評(píng)價(jià)【精品例句】Theprisonerwastakenbeforethejudge.犯人被帶到法官面前Judgingfromheraccent,shemustbefromSichuan.聽(tīng)口音，她準(zhǔn)是四川人It’sdifficulttojudgehowlongthejourneywilltake.很難估計(jì)這段旅程要花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間I'velearntagoodlesson:nottojudgepeople.我得到了有益的教訓(xùn):不要對(duì)他人品頭論足Twohourslater,thejudgereadalistofthegirlsforasecondtryout.兩小時(shí)后，裁判宣讀了參加第二輪選拔的女孩的名單ShewasaskedtojudgetheEnglishspeechcompetition.她應(yīng)邀擔(dān)任英語(yǔ)演講比賽的裁判【高考鏈接】_____(judge)byherappearance,sheisabout40yearsoldorso.（山東卷.語(yǔ)法填空）（Judging）Weshouldn’tmakeajudgment____hischaracteronlybyhisfamily.(江蘇卷.完型)(on)Can’tyouseethingsfrommypointofview?(重慶卷.完型)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Heshowedexcellent_______(judge)inchoosingafriend.(judgment)_____(Judge)byhislastletter,theyarehavingawonderfultime.(Judging)2.benefitvt.&vi.有益于;受益;n.利益;益處【原句再現(xiàn)】Howcanseedstravel?Howcanthisbenefitplants?(教材P49)【詞塊積累】forthebenefitof…=forone’sbenefit 為……；為……的利益beofbenefitto…=bebeneficialto…對(duì)……有益；對(duì)……有利benefitfrom/by...從……受益；得益于benefitsb.對(duì)某人有益beneficialadj.有利的；有益的；受益的【精品例句】Exerciseishighlybeneficialtohealth.鍛煉對(duì)健康極為有利Infact,musiceducationisbeneficialandimportantforallstudents.事實(shí)上，音樂(lè)教育對(duì)所有學(xué)生都是有益而且重要的Therainwillbenefitthecropsgreatly.這場(chǎng)雨對(duì)莊稼大有好處Todaywebenefitfromcountlessinventionsandinnovations.今天我們受益于無(wú)數(shù)的創(chuàng)造和發(fā)明Therearecertainlybenefitsofusingastarinafilm.在電影中起用明星肯定是有益處的Hehashadthebenefitofafirst-classeducation.他得益于一流的教育Themoneyistobeusedforthebenefitofthepoor.該款項(xiàng)將用于救助窮人【高考鏈接】Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitalsallitscitizens.(福建卷)A.inchargeofB.forthepurposeofC.inhonorofD.forthebenefitof(D)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Iamsureeveryonewillbenefitalot______thisactivity.(from)Scientificresearchisofgreat_______(beneficial)tomankind.(benefit)3.survivevi&vt.幸存(于);幸免(于);挺過(guò);熬過(guò);保存下來(lái);比…活得長(zhǎng)【原句再現(xiàn)】Fossilrecordsindicatethatthemautilushassurvivedrelativelyunchangedforaround500millionyears.(教材P49)【詞塊積累】survivaln.幸存;繼續(xù)生存;幸存物;殘存物survivor幸存者，生還者thesurvivalofthefittest適者生存thestruggleforsurvival求生【精品例句】Herparentsdiedintheaccident,butshesurvived.她的父母在那次事故中喪生了,但是她活了下來(lái)Hesurvivedtheearthquake.他在地震中幸免于難Manysmallerfirmsdidn'tsurvivetheeconomiccrisis.很多較小的企業(yè)沒(méi)能挺過(guò)這次經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)Someoldcustomshavesurvivedintothepresent.有些古老的風(fēng)俗一直保留到現(xiàn)在Severalbuildingsinthetownsurvivedfrommedievaltimes.鎮(zhèn)上有幾座建筑物從中世紀(jì)留存至今Themainbuildingwasdestroyed,butthelibrarysillsurvivesasamuseum.主樓毀了，但圖書(shū)館仍作為博物館繼續(xù)存留Shesurvivedherhusbandbytenyears.她比她丈夫多活十年【高考鏈接】Theoldmanistheonly_____(survive)intheaccident.（山東卷）(survivor)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】翻譯句子你是如何靠這么低的工資維持生計(jì)的?Howdoyousurviveonsuchalowsalary?4.distantadj.不友好的，冷淡的，疏遠(yuǎn)的；遙遠(yuǎn)的【原句再現(xiàn)】Thecaptainoftheship，theBeagle，wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”．(教材P50)【詞塊積累】distancen．距離inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)處from/atadistance隔一段距離；從遠(yuǎn)處atadistanceof...在……遠(yuǎn)處keepone'sdistance保持距離keepsb.atadistance避免與某人太親近【精品例句】Onecanseetheancientruinsatadistanceof20miles.人們從20英里處就能看到這個(gè)古老的廢墟Itwasdifficulttogettoknowherbecauseshealwayskepteveryoneatadistance.很難搞懂她，因?yàn)樗偸桥c其他人保持一定的距離Themountaininthedistanceappearsgreenerthanitwasbefore.從遠(yuǎn)處看，這座山比以前更綠了Itsnowsalltheyearroundinthatdistantlittlevillage.Inwinter，everythinginthedistancelookswhite.在那個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的小村落里整年下雪。在冬天，遠(yuǎn)處的一切看起來(lái)是白色的【高考鏈接】Hisofficeis_______adistanceof10kilometersfromhishouse.(陜西卷)(at)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Thetimewespenttogetherisnowa______(distance)memory.(distant)Thesoldiersheardtheburstofgunsin______distance.(the)5.leadto導(dǎo)致；通向【原句再現(xiàn)】Despiteallthis，hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.(教材P50)【詞塊積累】leadsb.to＋someplace帶領(lǐng)某人到某地leadsb.todosth.使/帶領(lǐng)某人做某事leadtosbdoingsth.促使/致使某人做某事leadahappylife過(guò)著幸福的生活leadtheway引路，帶路【精品例句】Suchamistakewouldperhapsleadtodisastrousresults.這樣一種錯(cuò)誤可能導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難性的后果AllroadsleadtoRome.條條大路通羅馬Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadtoillness.過(guò)量的工作和過(guò)少的休息會(huì)引起疾病Butincities,limitedspacehasledtopeoplelookingfornewsolutions.但是在城市里，有限的空間已經(jīng)致使人們尋找新的解決方案Thelonghotsummerhasledtoseriouswatershortages.漫長(zhǎng)而炎熱的夏季已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的水源短缺【高考鏈接】OurEnglishteacherhasastrangewayofleadingus________(study)Englishactively.(福建卷)(tostudy)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Thisstreetleadsyou_____thestationandyoucanfindthesupermarketnearby.(to)6.fascinatev．使入迷，吸引【原句再現(xiàn)】Theyoungmaninquestion，CharlesDarwin，wasageologistandnaturalist，fascinatedbyrocks，plantsandanimals.(教材P50)【詞塊積累】fascinatingadj.迷人的fascinatedadj.著迷的befascinatedby/with...被……迷住fascinationn.魅力，迷惑力；迷戀【精品例句】Itwasaquestionthathadfascinatedhimsincehewasaboy.這是他自幼就著迷的問(wèn)題。Therefore，Idonothaveanythingwithwhichtofascinatepeople.因此，我沒(méi)有什么能使人著迷的東西。Thewholeprocessfascinatesme.這一整個(gè)流程都讓我著迷。【高考鏈接】Iretreatedbeforeheronlyasquicklyaswasnecessary，________(fascinate).(福建卷)(fascinated)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Becauseofyourexistence，mylifewillbemore______(fascinate)．(fascinating)Inthosedays，shewasfascinated_______pastvisitors.(by/with)7.becrowdedwith...擠滿……；充滿……【原句再現(xiàn)】AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica，hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.(教材P51)【詞塊積累】crowdedadj.擁擠的crowdn．&v.人群/擁擠；聚集acrowdof….一群……thecrowd群眾；民眾crowdsof….許多【精品例句】Theoldtownsquarewascrowdedwithpeople.古老的小鎮(zhèn)廣場(chǎng)上擠滿了人。Theroadsarecrowdedwithvehiclesofallkinds.馬路上擠滿了各種車輛。Theroadsareallcrowdedwithpeopleofallranks.路上擠滿了各階層的人。【高考鏈接】Thecrowd_______(be)marchingonthestreettoimprovetheirlivingconditions.(江蘇卷)(was/were)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Therewere_______(crowd)ofpeopleatthetheatre.(crowds)Thismorning，thegroundiscrowded_______whitesnow.(with)8.existvi.存在；生存，生活【原句再現(xiàn)】Ashestudiedthese，heaskedhimselfthequestion:howdiddifferentspeciescometoexist?(教材P51)【詞塊積累】existin….存在于……之中existon…＝liveon…靠……為生Thereexist...有……，存在……existencen.存在；生存inexistence存在outofexistence消失comeintoexistence出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生bringintoexistence使……出現(xiàn)/產(chǎn)生【精品例句】Theproblemonlyexistsinyourhead，Jane.這個(gè)問(wèn)題不過(guò)是你的想象，簡(jiǎn)。Fewofthesemonkeysstillexistinthewild.這些猴子野生的已為數(shù)不多了。Itexistsonlyinhisimagination.它只存在于他的想象。【高考鏈接】Itwasimpossibleforthemtoexist_______suchasmallincome.(全國(guó)卷)(on)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式But，therearesomeproblemsexisted________itsstudy.(in)Newcompaniescomeinto________(exist)everyyear.(existence)9.(be)similarto與……相似【原句再現(xiàn)】Henoticedthatsomespeciesofanimalswereverysimilartoeachother.(教材P51)【詞塊積累】besimilarin在……方面相似，和……差不多besimilartosth.與…相似similarlyadv.相似地；類似地similarityn.相似；類似【精品例句】Somebodylanguageissimilareverywhere.有些肢體語(yǔ)言在各地方都相似MenciuswasathinkerwhoseteachingswereverysimilartothoseofConfucius.孟子是位思想家，他的學(xué)說(shuō)與孔子非常相似Myopinionsaresimilartohis.我的看法跟他的相似。Shehasadictionarysimilartomine.她有一本和我的類似的詞典。Mary'shatissimilartoJane's.瑪麗的帽子和簡(jiǎn)的差不多。【高考鏈接】Myteachingstyleissimilarto_____ofmostotherteachers.(湖北課改卷)(that)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Thetwocarsareverysimilar______sizeanddesign.(in)10.adaptvt&vi.使適應(yīng)，使適合；改編，改寫【原句再現(xiàn)】Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?(教材P51)【詞塊積累】adaptationn.適應(yīng)；改編，改編的作品adaptsth.fromsth.根據(jù)……改編……beadaptedfrom….由…改編而來(lái)adaptto…適合，適應(yīng)adaptoneselftosth./doingsth.….使自己適應(yīng)adapt...to...使……適應(yīng)……adapt...for/into...將……改編為……adaptableadj.能適應(yīng)的；可修改的【精品例句】Ihaddifficultyadaptingmyselftolifeinthecity.我難以適應(yīng)城市生活A(yù)llanimalshavetoadapttotheirenvironment.所有動(dòng)物必須適應(yīng)環(huán)境ThisnewfilmissaidtobeadaptedfromanovelbyJaneAusten.這部新電影是根據(jù)簡(jiǎn).奧斯汀的一部小說(shuō)改編的Threeofthenovelshavebeenadaptedfortelevision.他有三部小說(shuō)已被改編成了電視劇【高考鏈接】Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey____veryeasilytonewenvironment.（浙江卷）A.adaptB.appealC.attachD.apply(A)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Hecan’tadapthimselfto______(do)thiskindofwork.(doing)11.suspectvt.&vi.懷疑；疑有；不信任n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑對(duì)象【原句再現(xiàn)】Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor，whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.(教材P51)【詞塊積累】suspectsb.of(doing)sth.懷疑某人(做)某事suspectsb.tobe...懷疑某人是……suspectthat….疑心….【精品例句】Isuspectedhermotivesinofferingtohelp.她主動(dòng)要幫忙，我懷疑她的動(dòng)機(jī)。Youdon'treallythinkWebbsuspectsyou?你不是真的認(rèn)為韋布懷疑你吧？Whydoyoususpectthetruthoftheinformation?你為什么憑空懷疑這消息的真實(shí)性？Isuspecthimtoknoweverythingaboutthat.我猜想那件事他全都知道了。ShehadnoreasontosuspectthatSylviahadnottoldthetruth.她沒(méi)有理由懷疑西爾維婭沒(méi)說(shuō)實(shí)話。Thepolicesuspecthimofhavingtakenthemoney．警察懷疑錢是他偷的?！靖呖兼溄印縏hepolicesuspectedtheboy_____murderinghisfather，becausetheneighborsreportedhavingheardthemfightingonthenightofthekilling.(江蘇卷)(of)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Isuspecthim_______(be)apickpocket.(tobe)Isuspectedthegirlof_______(lie)tous.(lying)12.convincevt.使相信；使確信；說(shuō)服【原句再現(xiàn)】ButDarwin'sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.(教材P51)【詞塊積累】convincesb.ofsth.使某人確信/明白某事convincesb.that...使某人相信……convincesb.todosth.說(shuō)服某人做某事convincingadj.令人信服的convincedadj.確信的；堅(jiān)信的beconvincedof…..相信……beconvinced(that)...(某人)相信……【精品例句】We'vebeentryingtoconvincehimtogiveuptheplan．我們一直在試圖說(shuō)服他放棄那個(gè)計(jì)劃。WhatshesaidconvincedmethatIwasmistaken.她說(shuō)的話讓我相信我錯(cuò)了。I'mnotgoingtobelieveitmyself,nevermindconvinceanyoneelse我自己都不會(huì)相信，更別提說(shuō)服別人了。Robert'sexpressionhadobviouslyconvincedherofhisinnocence.羅伯特的表情顯然使她相信他是清白的。SheneededtofindawaytoconvinceMichelhewaswrong.她需要想辦法使米歇爾相信他錯(cuò)了。【高考鏈接】Idon’tbelievewhatyousaid,butifyoucanproveit,youmaybeableto_____me.(江西卷)A.convinceB.informC.guaranteeD.refuse(A)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Iamquiteconvinced______herexperienceinit.(of)I'mnotcompletely_______(that)heknewtheimportanceofpractice.(convinced)Hisspeechwasso_______(convince)thateveryonepresentbelievedwhathesaid.(convincing)13.regardv．認(rèn)為…是；把…看作n．尊敬；(pl.)問(wèn)候，敬意【原句再現(xiàn)】Today,OntheoriginofSpeciesisregardedasoneofthemostimportantworkseverwritten.(教材P51)【詞塊積累】regardlessadv.不顧，不加理會(huì)regard．．．a(chǎn)s．．．把……視作……regardingprep.=concerning=with/inregardto關(guān)于regardlessof不管，不顧【精品例句】Neverregardstudyasaduty.絕不要把學(xué)習(xí)視為任務(wù)Pleasegivemyregardstoyourparents.請(qǐng)帶我向你父母問(wèn)好With/inregardtohissuggestions,weshalldiscussthemfully.關(guān)于他的建議，我們會(huì)充分討論Regarding/Concerningyourrecentinquiry,Ihaveenclosedacopyofournewbrochure.關(guān)于您最近的咨詢，我已隨信附上一份我們新的小冊(cè)子Heisregardedasoneofthegreatclassicalcomposersinthiscentury.他被認(rèn)為是本世紀(jì)偉大的古典音樂(lè)作曲家之一Iamsurethatkindnessismorelikelytowintheirregardthanpride.我確信善意比傲慢更可能贏得他們的尊敬I'velivedinthetownsolongthatIregarditasmyhome.我在這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)居住了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，都把它當(dāng)成了家【高考鏈接】IamalwaysdelightedwhenIreceiveane-mailfromyou.____thepartyonJuly1st,Ishallbepleasedtoattend.(江蘇卷)A.OnaccountofB.InresponsetoC.InviewofD.Withregardto(D)Ourclubisopentoeveryone____age,sexoreducationalbackground.(福建卷)A.duetoB.exceptforC.alongwithD.regardlessof(D)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Herparentsalwaysregardedher_______thesmartestoftheirchildren.(as)Ifyoushouldseehim，pleasegivehimmy_______(regard)．(regards)Thegovernmenthassetupsomerules______(regard)thefoodsafety.(regarding)14.contrastvt&vi(使)形成對(duì)照；(使)形成對(duì)比；n.差異；對(duì)比；對(duì)照【原句再現(xiàn)】Bycontrast,thelargestanimalspeciessofarfoundonourplanetisthebluewhale,whichcangrowuptoalmost30metresinlengthandweighover130,000kilos.(教材P54)【詞塊積累】contrastAwithB.把A和B進(jìn)行對(duì)比by/incontrast相比之下incontrastwith/to….與…對(duì)比；與….相反makeacontrastwith….與….形成對(duì)比theeconomicandsocialcontrastsbetweenthepoorandtherich窮人和富人之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)差異【精品例句】Inthisbook,thewritercontrastsgoodwithevil.這本書(shū)里，作者把善與惡進(jìn)行了對(duì)比Hisactionscontrastsharplywithhispromises.他的行動(dòng)與諾言形成鮮明對(duì)比Carefulcontrastofthetwoplansshowsusomekeydifferences.把這兩個(gè)計(jì)劃相細(xì)地加以對(duì)比可以看出一些關(guān)鍵性的差異Bycontrast,Mrs.Youngwasmuchmoreoutspoken.相比之下，楊夫人坦率多了Thewhitewallsmakeacontrastwiththeblackcarpet.白色的墻壁與黑色的地毯形成鮮明的對(duì)比【高考鏈接】Mostpeopleworkbecauseit’sunavoidable.______,therearesomepeoplewhoactuallyenjoywork.(浙江卷)A.AsaresultB.InadditionC.BycontrastD.Inconclusion(C)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Incontrast_____whatsomemighthope,studentsrarelyfinishtheirhomeworkexclaimingthattheyhadgreatfun.(to/with)15.attackn.攻擊，進(jìn)攻，襲擊；抨擊；vt&vi.進(jìn)攻，攻擊；抨擊；（疾病、自然災(zāi)害等）襲擊，侵襲【原句再現(xiàn)】Plantscanstealfoodfromeachother,orspreadpoisonstoattackotherplants.(教材P57)【詞塊積累】anairattack空襲makefierceattackson/against…對(duì)….發(fā)動(dòng)猛烈襲擊underattack遭到攻擊apersonalattack人身攻擊aheartattack心臟病發(fā)作【精品例句】Whenananimalisunderattack,itcanrunawayorfightback.動(dòng)物遭到攻擊時(shí)，要么逃走要么反擊Hesufferedfromaheartattack.他心臟病發(fā)作了Snakewillonlyattackifyoudisturbthem.蛇只有受到侵?jǐn)_時(shí)才會(huì)主動(dòng)攻擊Hisremarkswereattackedinthenewspaper.他的言論在報(bào)紙上受到抨擊Recently,theH7N9birdfluhasattackedmanycities.最近，H7N9禽流感侵襲了許多城市【高考鏈接】Travelersshouldnotfeedthewildanimalsinaclosedistancebecausetheymay____people.(江西課改卷)A.strikeB.attackC.hitD.beat(B)【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Iheardthatanoldmanwas_____byafiercebearlastweek.A.struckB.attractedC.attachedD.attacked(D)●本單元其它重要詞組16.firstchoice首選；第一選擇；最喜歡的Thepersonwhoansweredthecallwasnotthecaptain’sfirstchoice.(教材)Actingwasn’the