PAGE1/1名師小結(jié)：Unit4重難點(diǎn)解析學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)重點(diǎn)詞匯adjustparticipateotherwisedonatedistributevoluntarypurchaserelevantoperate重點(diǎn)短語hearfrom（be）dyingtocomeacrosstheotherdaydryoutdryupinneed重點(diǎn)句型whether引導(dǎo)的從句過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)知識講解重點(diǎn)詞匯【高清課堂：Sharing詞匯精講】adjust【原句回放】Thehutwasdarkinside,soittooktimeforoureyestoadjust.小屋里很黑，因此眼睛過了好一陣才適應(yīng)過來?！军c(diǎn)撥】adjustvi.適應(yīng)vt.調(diào)整，使……適合常用搭配：adjustto適應(yīng)（to是介詞，加動詞-ing形式）Shecarefullyadjustedherclothesandhairbeforegoingtotheinterview．去面試前她認(rèn)真整理衣服和頭發(fā)。（adjust作“調(diào)整”講，直接接賓語）IttookhimquitealongtimetoadjusttotheheatofIndia．他花了很長時(shí)間才適應(yīng)了印度的溫度。Myparentshadtroubleadjustingtolivinginanapartment.我的父母費(fèi)了很多的功夫才適應(yīng)住在公寓里?！就卣埂縜djustableadj.可調(diào)節(jié)的adjustmentn.調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)Canyoulendmeanadjustablespanner?你能借我一把可調(diào)節(jié)的扳手嗎?participate【原句回放】Ilovedlisteningtothefamilysoftlytalkingtoeachotherintheirlanguage,eventhoughIcouldnotparticipateintheconversation.他們家里人輕聲細(xì)語地用自己的語言在交談。我很喜歡聽他們談話，盡管我不能加入他們的談話。【點(diǎn)撥】participatevi.參與,分享,分擔(dān)常用搭配：participateinsth.參與某事，分享某物Everyoneintheclassisexpectedtoparticipateinthesediscussions.班里每個(gè)人都要參加這些討論。Iwillparticipate(=share)inyoursufferingandjoy.我將和你同甘共苦?！就卣埂縫articipantn.參與者，分享者participationn.參與，分享Alltheparticipantsinthedebatewillhaveanopportunitytospeak.參加辯論的人都將有機(jī)會發(fā)言。Unionleaderscalledfortheactiveparticipationofallmembersinthedayofelection.聯(lián)盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人號召所有的人在選舉日能積極參與。otherwise【原句回放】Otherwisetheydon’twasteanything.否則的話，他們是不會浪費(fèi)任何東西的?！军c(diǎn)撥】otherwiseconj.&adv.用別的方法；其他方面；否則Weweregoingtoplayfootball,butitwassohotthatwedecidedtodootherwise.我們本來想踢足球，但是天太熱了，我們決定做點(diǎn)別的事情。（用別的方法）We’llgoearly,otherwise(=or)wemaynotgetaseat.我們要早點(diǎn)走，否則可能會沒有座位了?！就卣埂縪rotherwise或用其他方式；或不是Wewillgettheresomehow,bytrainorotherwise.我們將到達(dá)那里，乘火車還是別的什么。Whethershewasmarriedorotherwisewasnoneofmybusiness.她結(jié)婚了還是沒有都與我無關(guān)。donate【原句回放】Wouldyouliketodonateanunusualgift?你是否想要贈送一份特殊的禮物？【點(diǎn)撥】donatevt.捐贈Thebusinessmandonatedalotofmoneytothehospital.這個(gè)商人向那家醫(yī)院捐了很多的錢。Thiscomputerwasdonatedtousbyalocalcompany.這臺計(jì)算機(jī)是當(dāng)?shù)匾患夜揪栀浗o我們的?！就卣埂縟onationn.捐贈，捐贈物Theymadeagenerousdonationtocharity.他們向慈善組織進(jìn)行了慷慨的捐助。Thehospitalreceivesagooddealofmoneyindonations.這家醫(yī)院在捐獻(xiàn)過程中收到了大量錢款。相關(guān)短語：give/make/presentadonationtosb./anorganization捐贈給某人/組織distribute【原句回放】Thisgiftcoversthecostofproductionanddistributionofseedlings,aswellastrainingintreecareforthelocalvillagerswhoareworkinghardtopreventtheirlandfromturningintodesert.這份禮物包含了幼苗的培育和銷售費(fèi)用，也包含了當(dāng)?shù)卮迕駞⒓幼o(hù)樹培訓(xùn)的費(fèi)用，這些村民正努力工作以阻止他們的土地沙漠化?！军c(diǎn)撥1】distributev.1.分發(fā)Clothesandblanketshavebeendistributedtotherefugees.衣物和毯子被分發(fā)給難民。2.配送MilkisdistributedtothelocalshopsbyMicheal.牛奶是由米歇爾配送到當(dāng)?shù)厣痰甑摹?.使分布，使散布Makesuretheweightoftheloadisevenlydistributed.要保證裝載物的重量均勻分布?！就卣埂繀^(qū)分：contribute貢獻(xiàn)相關(guān)短語：contributeto有助于Properdietcontributestogoodhealth.適當(dāng)?shù)娘嬍呈菍】涤袔椭摹！军c(diǎn)撥2】distributionn.分配，分發(fā)；分布狀態(tài)Theconferencediscussedthefairdistributionofincomeandwealth.會議討論了公平分配收入和財(cái)富的問題。Thetowncouncilpassedalawforbiddingthedistributionofhandbills.市議會通過了一項(xiàng)禁止散發(fā)傳單的法令。【拓展】distributorn.供銷商■voluntary【原句回放】Thegiftyougiveisnotsomethingyourlovedonekeepsbutavoluntarycontributiontowardsthelivesofpeoplewhoreallyneedit.你送的禮物不是給你所愛的人留念的，而是給那些確實(shí)需要的人的一項(xiàng)生活上的無償捐助?！军c(diǎn)撥】voluntaryadj.自愿的，志愿的，無償?shù)腤hensheretiredshedidalotofvoluntaryworkfortheRedCross.她退休后為紅十字會做了許多義務(wù)工作。Moreandmorepeoplearenowworkinginpoorcountriesonavoluntarybasis.現(xiàn)在越來越多的人自愿在貧窮國家工作。（onavoluntarybasis基于自愿，以自愿為原則）【拓展】volunteern.志愿者；v.自愿或無償?shù)亟o予幫助常見搭配：volunteertodosth.自愿/志愿做某事Thecenterneedsmorevolunteerstohelpchildrentoread.中心需要更多的志愿者幫孩子們讀書。Thecompanyvolunteeredtodonatefiftycomputerstohelpthedisabledpeople.這家公司自愿捐出50臺電腦幫助那些殘疾人。Ivolunteeredmyservicesasadriver.我作為司機(jī)自愿服務(wù)。purchase【原句回放】Whenyoupurchaseanitem,wewillsendyouanattractivecardforyoutosendtoyourspecialperson.你選購一份禮物時(shí)，我們會給你提供一張精美的卡片，讓你送給你的某個(gè)特殊的人?！军c(diǎn)撥】purchasevt.購買；（以某種代價(jià)）換得n.購買;購得物（常用復(fù)數(shù)）Itwillcostalmostallthemoneyforanoldcoupletopurchaseahousenow.現(xiàn)在一對老夫妻要買一幢房子要花掉幾乎所有的錢。Theypurchasedlifeattheexpenseofhonour.他們用榮譽(yù)換取了生命。Wespentsomemoneyforthepurchaseofthefurniturenecessaryforournewhouse.我們花了些錢為新房子購買必要的家具。Hefilledthecarwithhispurchases.他買的東西裝滿了車?！就卣埂砍Ｒ姸陶Z：makeapurchase采購purchaseprice買價(jià)purchasingpower購買力relevant【原句回放】SometimesIwonderhowrelevantchemistryistothesestudents,mostofwhomwillbegoingbacktotheirvillagesafterYear8anyway.有時(shí)候，我真想知道，化學(xué)對這些學(xué)生究竟有多大用處。他們中大多數(shù)人上完八年級以后就要回到他們的村莊去了?！军c(diǎn)撥】relevantadj.有關(guān)的;恰當(dāng)?shù)?貼切的,切題的（反義詞irrelevant）常用搭配：berelevantto與有關(guān)Hisnationalityisnotrelevanttowhetherheisagoodlawyer.他的國籍與是否是個(gè)好律師無關(guān)。Thistypeofuniversitycourseisnolongerrelevanttotoday’sproblem.這種大學(xué)課程與目前問題不再有關(guān)聯(lián)了。Manypeopleconsiderpoliticsisirrelevanttotheirlives.許多人認(rèn)為政治與他們的生活無關(guān)?！就卣埂縭elevancen.關(guān)聯(lián)，切題，適宜Whatyousayhasnorelevancetowhatwearetalkingabout.你說的與我們正談的事情無關(guān)。補(bǔ)充：relevancy關(guān)聯(lián)（的事物），恰當(dāng)，切題的話operate【原句回放】Thisgiftcoversthecostofexercisebooksandtextbooksforcommunityprimaryschoolsthatoperateinpoororremotevillages.這件禮物包括在貧窮或偏遠(yuǎn)村莊開辦的社區(qū)小學(xué)的練習(xí)本和課本的費(fèi)用。【點(diǎn)撥】operatevt.操作，使運(yùn)行vi.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，工作；動手術(shù)；起作用常見搭配：operateonsb.給某人動手術(shù)Whooperatesthemachine?那臺機(jī)器由誰操作？Thismachineoperatesnightandday.這臺機(jī)器日夜運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)著。Thedoctorsoperatedonher/herstomachlastnight.醫(yī)生們昨晚給她/她的胃部做了手術(shù)。Thenewdrugbegantooperatenotlongafteritistaken.這種新藥服用后不久就會開始見效?！就卣埂縪perationn.操作，手術(shù)perform/haveanoperationon給……動手術(shù)comeintooperation開始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)put/ooperation使……開始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)inoperation運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中重點(diǎn)短語hearfrom【原句回放】Itwaswonderfultohearfromyou.收到你的信真是太高興了?！军c(diǎn)撥】hearfromsb.收到的來信、電話等注意：from后只接人或者機(jī)構(gòu)等，而不接letter，call等詞。Nothavingheardfromhimformonths,hismotherwasworried.幾個(gè)月沒有他的音訊了，他媽媽很擔(dān)心。Theywillbedelightedtohearfromyou.他們會很高興收到你的來信的?！就卣埂縣ear有關(guān)的短語：hearabout聽到關(guān)于的事hearsb.out聽某人把話說完hearof聽說；聽從（與will，would連用，用于否定句）Haveyouheardaboutthenewanticancerdrug?你聽說過這種抗癌新藥嗎？I’veneverheardofsuchaperson.我從沒有聽說這樣一個(gè)人。Hewouldn’thearofmepayingforthebill.我要付賬，他不肯。（be）dyingto【原句回放】Iknowyou’redyingtohearallaboutmylifehere,I’veincludedsomephotoswhichwillhelpyoupicturetheplacesItalkabout.我知道你急于了解我在這兒的生活情況，所以我在信中附有幾張照片，能夠幫助你想象出我所談到的地方?！军c(diǎn)撥】bedyingtodosth.極想/渴望做某事bedyingforsth.渴望/很想得到某物Allofusaredyingtoseethefilmafterhearingaboutit.聽說這部電影后，我們都極想看。Hewasdyingforsomethingtodrink.他極想有點(diǎn)什么喝的。Afteralongdryseasonthetreesaredying/thirstyforwater.經(jīng)過一個(gè)漫長的旱季，樹木迫切需要水分?！就卣?】表示“渴望”的同義短語：beeagerfor/todosth.longfor/todosth.bethirstyforsth／todosth.【拓展2】die構(gòu)成的短語：dieaway逐漸停止，逐漸消失diedown逐漸減弱，逐漸模糊dieoff相繼死去dieout逐漸消失，滅絕Thenoiseofthemotorcardiedaway.汽車的噪音漸漸消失了。Aftertheexcitementoftheaudiencedieddown,thespeakerrestartedhisspeech.等聽眾激動的情緒平息后,演講人又重新開始演講。comeacross【原句回放】Theboyswhohadnevercomeacrossanythinglikethisbeforestartedjumpingoutofthewindow.男孩子們以前從來沒有見過這種情況，嚇得都往窗外跳去?！军c(diǎn)撥】comeacross偶然遇到/發(fā)現(xiàn),碰見；被理解，被傳達(dá)Shecameacrosssomeoldphotosinthedrawer.她在抽屜里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些舊照片。IcameacrossanoldfriendIhadn’tseenforyearsyesterday.昨天我偶遇了一位多年不見的老友。Yourspeechcameacrossverywell.大家確實(shí)理解了你的發(fā)言?！就卣埂亢琧ome的短語：comeabout發(fā)生 comeout出版，被刊行cometo達(dá)到，達(dá)成，歸結(jié)為 comeround重來，蘇醒過來，回心轉(zhuǎn)意comedown傳遞，傳給 comealong進(jìn)展；偶然發(fā)生Howdiditcomeabout?那事是怎么發(fā)生的？WhendoesJohn’sbookcomeout?約翰的書什么時(shí)候出版？Theycametotheconclusionthattheyhadmadeanunforgivablemistake.他們得出結(jié)論：他們犯了一個(gè)不可原諒的錯(cuò)誤。theotherday【原句回放】TheotherdayIwasshowingtheboystheweeklychemistryexperimentwhen,beforeIknewit,themixturewasbubblingovereverywhere！前幾天，我正給孩子們做每周一次的化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的演示，我還沒有明白怎么回事，混合物就到處冒氣泡了！【點(diǎn)撥】theotherday前幾天，不久前的一天Itwasaterriblepieceofworkthatyouturnedintheotherday.那天你交的作業(yè)太糟糕了?！就卣埂亢琩ay的短語：anotherday另一天 someday（將來）總有一天oneday（將來/過去）某一天 alldaylong整天 daybyday一天天地dayafterday日復(fù)一日 byday白天 dayandnight日日夜夜地Anotherdaydraggedby.又挨過了一天。I’llbuyaboatandsailaroundtheworldsomeday.總有一天我會買條船環(huán)游世界。Oneday,shejustdidn’tturnupforwork,andweneversawheragain.一天，她沒有上班，而且我們再也沒有見過她。dryout/dryup【原句回放】Tombetoldmethatthecanwasheatedtodryouttheleftoverfood.Theybelievethatanyleftoversattractevilspiritsinthenight,sothefoodisdriedupinthecanandthecanisthenthrownoutofthehut.湯貝告訴我說，罐子加熱是為了把里面的殘菜剩飯燒干。他們相信剩飯?jiān)谝雇頃齺硇办`，所以要把食物放在罐子里烘干，再把罐子一起扔到屋外去?！军c(diǎn)撥1】dryout（使很濕之物）變干，干透Dryyourshirtoutontheradiator.在散熱器上把你的襯衫烤干吧。Don’tleavethebreadonthetable;itwilldryout.別把面包放在桌子上，它會干掉的?！军c(diǎn)撥2】dryup（使）完全變干，（河流，湖泊等）干涸，枯竭；消失，用完Manyriversinthatprovincehavedrieduptheseyears.這些年來那個(gè)省的許多河流都干涸了。Thesunhascompletelydriedupthesoilandthecropsaredying.太陽把土壤完全曬干了，莊稼要死了。試一試：1.Ifyoudon’tkeepfoodcovered,it______.2.Thatsummerwassohotthatthepoolinthatvillage________.3.Wemuststopwastingwater,becauseitwas_______.答案：1.driesout2.driedup3.dryingup(枯竭)inneed【原句回放】Choosefromthiscatalogueareallyusefulgiftforsomeoftheworld’spoorestandbringhopeforabetterfuturetoacommunityinneed.從這份清單中選擇一份確實(shí)有用的禮物，送給世界上一些最窮苦的人吧。給急需幫助的社區(qū)帶去改善未來的希望吧?！军c(diǎn)撥】inneed在困難中,在危急中對比：inneedof...需要Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患難朋友才是真正的朋友。Thecharityaimstoprovideassistancetothepeopleinneed.這個(gè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的宗旨是向貧困者提供幫助。Theyareinneedoffood,whichisanecessityforalllivingthings.他們需要食物，那是所有生物所必需的?！就卣?】含need的短語theneedforsth.對……的需要atone’sneed在某人困難時(shí)satisfy/meetone’sneeds滿足某人的需要【拓展2】相關(guān)句型：There’snoneedforsb.todosth.沒必要做某事There’snoneedforyoutocomeifyoudon’twantto.你不想來就不必來。重點(diǎn)句型whether引導(dǎo)的從句【原句回放】Ingroups,discusswhethersomeonewhohelpsthegroupsonthesurveyformcanbecalleda“volunteer”.分組討論，幫助調(diào)查表中的團(tuán)隊(duì)的人是否可以被叫做“志愿者”?！军c(diǎn)撥】whether引導(dǎo)的從句whether引導(dǎo)名詞性從句或讓步狀語從句，意為“是否，會不會，不管，不論”。Wedon’tknowwhethertheearthquakewillgoon.（引導(dǎo)賓語從句）我們不知道地震是否會繼續(xù)。Thequestioniswhetherhecancomeontime.（引導(dǎo)表語從句）問題是他能否準(zhǔn)時(shí)來。Whetheryoulikeitornot,you’llhavetodoit.(引導(dǎo)狀語從句)無論你喜歡還是不喜歡，你必須做這件事?！就卣埂恳龑?dǎo)從句時(shí)與if的區(qū)別：1.if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果”。2.if和whether都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，經(jīng)?？梢曰Q，但是下面情況下多用whether：1）正式文體中，與ornot直接連用時(shí)。Iwond