高三英語閱讀理解技巧小結(jié)及練習(xí)題含解析一、高中英語閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

Tofightfortheconservationofforestecosystem,severalecologistsincludingDanielJanzenconvincedDelOro,anorangejuiceproducer,todonatepartoftheirforestlandtoanationalpark.Inreturn,DelOrowasallowedtothrowlargeamountsofwasteintheformoforangepeels(皮)ona3-hectarepieceoflandwithinthenationalparkatnocost.Dealingwithtonsofleftoverpeelsusuallyinvolvedburningthemorpayingtohavethempouredintoalandfill,sotheproposalwasveryattractive.

Butayearlater,anotherjuicecompanychallengedthedealincourt,arguingthattheircompetitorwas“pollutinganationalpark”.Theyendedupwinning,andthedealbetweenDelOroandthenationalparkfellthrough.

Thenin2013,whilediscussingpossibleresearchavenueswithTimothyTreuer,DanielJanzenmentionedtheorangestory.Feelinginterested,Treuerdecidedtostopbythatpieceoflandthathadbeencoveredwithfruitwaste15yearsearlier.Whathefoundshockedhim.

“WhileIwouldwalkoverexposedrockanddeadgrassinthenearbyfields,I'dhavetoclimbthroughundergrowthandcutpathsthroughwallsofvines(藤)intheorangepeelsiteitself.”saidTimothyTreuer.

Treuerandhisteamspentmonthspickingupsamples(樣品),analyzingandcomparingthem.Theyfoundgreatdifferencesbetweentheareascoveredwithorangepeelsandthosethatwerenot.Theareawithorangewastehadrichersoil.

Theeffectthattheorangepeelshadonthelandisprobablynotthatsurprisingtopeoplefamiliarwithcomposting(施肥),butwhatisreallyshockingisthatajudgeactuallythoughtthewasteoforange“mined”anationalparkandstoppeditfromgoingforward.NowthatTimothyTreuer'sstudyhasreceivedworldwideattention,thistypeof“ruining”isbeingseriouslyconsideredasawayofbringingforestsbacktolife.（1）WhatdidDelOrousuallydowithorangepeels?A.

Addthemtofuel.

B.

Throwthemintoanationalpark.C.

Bumorburythem.

D.

Makethemintocakes.（2）WhatcanweknowaboutthedealbetweenDelOroandthenationalpark?A.

Itlasted15years.

B.

ItwassignedbyTreuer.C.

Itwasmadeinabout1998.

D.

ItwasbrokenbyDelOro.（3）WhatwasTreuer'sfinding?A.

Orangepeelscontainmuchfibre.

B.

Orangepeelscanmakesoilricher.C.

Orangepeelsrotawayinashorttime.

D.

Orangewasteruinedthenationalpark.（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthejudgementionedinthelastparagraph?A.

Disapproving.

B.

Positive.

C.

Worried.

D.

Admirable.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述了橘子皮對(duì)土壤的積極作用。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句話Dealingwithtonsofleftoverpeelsusuallyinvolvedburningthemorpayingtohavethempouredintoalandfill,可知，之前處理橘子皮一般要燒掉或花錢請(qǐng)人掩埋掉。故答案為C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Thenin2013,whilediscussingpossibleresearchavenueswithTimothyTreuer,DanielJanzenmentionedtheorangestory.Feelinginterested,Treuerdecidedtostopbythatpieceoflandthathadbeencoveredwithfruitwaste15yearsearlier.可以推斷出，15年前DelOro與nationalpark達(dá)成協(xié)議，往公園里傾倒橘子皮，但一年后由于其他果汁公司的挑戰(zhàn)終止了。故答案為C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段Theyfoundgreatdifferencesbetweentheareascoveredwithorangepeelsandthosethatwerenot.Theareawithorangewastehadrichersoil.可知，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)被傾倒過橘子皮的地土壤更豐富。故答案為B。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段butwhatisreallyshockingisthatajudgeactuallythoughtthewasteoforange“mined”anationalparkandsloppeditfromgoingforward.可知，這位法官認(rèn)為橘子皮毀壞了公園的發(fā)展，而作者在文中最后一句話thistypeof“ruining”isbeingseriouslyconsideredasawayofbringingforestsbacktolife.指出，研究表明，橘子皮實(shí)際上使森林恢復(fù)了生機(jī)，所以作者不贊成法官的觀點(diǎn)。故答案為A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)題解題技巧：1）語義轉(zhuǎn)換題--跳讀查找法：根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，然后進(jìn)行比較和分析，便可確定最佳答案。2）生活應(yīng)用題--常識(shí)理解法：在讀懂文章的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合一定的生活常識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷。3）細(xì)節(jié)排序題--首尾定位法：根據(jù)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序和句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，找出事件發(fā)生的正確順序。4）尋找信息題--題干定位法：尋找信息題一般為功能閱讀題，主要形式有廣告、公告、演出信息、航班時(shí)間表等。2．閱讀理解

Thegreat-grandmotherislearningEnglishwiththehelpofherfamilywhensheisattheageof91.Shehopestousethelanguageatnextyear'sOlympicGamesinTokyo.Takamizawawasoneofthemorethan200,00peoplewhorequestedtovolunteerforTokyo's2020Games.Englishisnotrequiredforservice,butitisausefulskillforvolunteerstohave.

ButTakamizawahadnotbeenabletolearnthelanguagewhenshewasyoung.TakamizawasaidthatshewasinhighschoolwhenWorldWarTwostarted.Shesaid,"Inmysecondyearthere,Englishwasbannedbecauseitwastheenemylanguage."

Takamizawasaidhergrandchildrenhelpedpersuadeherthatshewasnottoooldtolearn."WhenItalkedtomygrandchildrenaboutmywish,theysaid,'It'snottoolate.Wewillteachyouonewordaday'".NatsukoisTakamizawa'sgranddaughterandmainEnglishteacher.NatsukosendsanewEnglishwordtohergrandmother'sphoneeveryday.TheyalsooftenworktogetherdirectlyonphrasesthatTakamizawawillneedfortheOlympics."WelcometoTokyo,thisistheOlympicstadium,howcanIhelpyou?"TakamizawaanswerswhenaskedtosayanEnglishphraseshehaslearned.Natsukoexplainsthatshewantedtogivehergrandmothersomethingtoenjoy."IcanclearlyseeherEnglishisgettingbetter.It'smyjoynow."

TheEFEnglishProficiencyIndexisameasureofthelevelofEnglishspokeninacountry.Japanranks49thamongcountrieswhereEnglishisnotthefirstlanguage.ThissituationisslowlychangingasyoungergenerationswelcomeEnglish.However,TakamizawabelievesrealchangewillnothappenunlessJapanesepeoplebecomemoreopentotherestoftheworld.Witharound500daystogountilthegamesbegin,thewholeTakamizawafamilyisreadytowelcometheworldtoTokyo.（1）Whycouldn'tTakamizawalearnEnglishwhenshewasyoung?A.

BecauseEnglishwasuseless.

B.

BecauseshewastooyoungtolearnEnglish.C.

BecauseEnglishwasforbiddentolearn.

D.

BecauseshewasunwillingtolearnEnglish.（2）Whatcanweknowfromthethirdparagraph?A.

Takamizawagetsstrongsupportfromherfamily.B.

Takamizawa'sgrandchildrenloveheralot.C.

NatsukoisTakamizawa'sgranddaughterandonlyEnglishteacher.D.

NatsukoteachesTakamizawaEnglishmainlybytalkingwithher.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"Thissituation"inParagraph4referto?A.

EnglishisnotthefirstlanguageinJapan.B.

ThelevelofEnglishspokeninJapanisrelativelylow.C.

YoungergenerationsinJapanwelcomeEnglish.D.

Japanesepeoplebecomeopentotherestoftheworld.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

B.

Itisnevertoolatetolearn.C.

Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.

D.

Twoheadsarebetterthanone.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，日本91歲的奶奶Takamizawa為了做好迎接在東京舉行的2020奧運(yùn)會(huì)的志愿工作，在孫輩的鼓勵(lì)和幫助下開始學(xué)習(xí)英語。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“ButTakamizawahadnotbeenabletolearnthelanguagewhenshewasyoung.TakamizawasaidthatshewasinhighschoolwhenWorldWarTwostarted.Shesaid,‘Inmysecondyearthere,Englishwasbannedbecauseitwastheenemylanguage.’”可知，是在她高中二年級(jí)時(shí)第二次世界大戰(zhàn)大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)了，而英語因?yàn)槭菙橙说恼Z言被禁止了，故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的”Takamizawasaidhergrandchildrenhelpedpersuadeherthatshewasnottoooldtolearn.‘WhenItalkedtomygrandchildrenaboutmywish,theysaid,‘It'snottoolate.Wewillteachyouonewordaday'”.可知她的孫輩說服并且?guī)椭龑W(xué)習(xí)英語，因此推斷她從家人那里得到很大的支持。故選A。（3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中的“Japanranks49thamongcountrieswhereEnglishisnotthefirstlanguage.”在英語不是第一語言的國家中，日本排名第49位?？芍癟hissituation”指的是在日本人的英語水平相對(duì)較低，故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。文章主要介紹了日本91歲的奶奶Takamizawa在孫輩的鼓勵(lì)和幫助下學(xué)習(xí)英語，從她身上體現(xiàn)了“活到老，學(xué)到老”的精神，故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Rescueworkershadcollected820birdsfromtheGulfofMexicooilspill,themajorityofthemalreadydead.ThecurrentspillpromisestobethelargestinUShistory,andascleanupeffortsstretchacrossthesummer,it'sclearthatmoreoiledbirdswillbefound,stuckandsufferingintheblackstickliquid.Andastheydowitheveryoilspill,rescueworkerswillgotogreatlengthstocaptureandcleanthesurvivorshopingtorestorethemtotheirnaturalhabitat.

Isitworththeeffort?Somescientistsaren'tsosure.Becausethestressofbeingcapturedandbathedisassignificantasthehorrorofbeingimmersedinoil,andbecauseresearchsuggeststhatmanyrescuedbirdsdieshortlyafterbeingreleased,someexpertssayeuthanasia(安樂死)isamorehumaneoption.

Cleanbirdfeathersrepelwater(防水)andregulatebodytemperaturewhiledirtyonesdon't.Oilinparticularmakesfeathersheavieranddecreasestheirabilitytotrapair,whichinturnmakesbirdsweakandbecomeeasiertodrowning,overheatingandorgandamage.Ofcourse,beingcapturedandcleanedisnopicniceither.Somebirdswindupreturningtotheirdestroyedhabitatsonlytofallvictimtotheoilagain.Andthosewhomanagetoavoidasecondoilbathsufferdramaticallyshortenedlifespans(跨度)andlowerreproductivesuccess.OfthethousandsofbirdsthatwererescuedfromthePrestigeoilspilloffthecoastofSpainin2002,only600werereleasedintothewild;mostoftherestdiedafterjustafewdaysincaptivity.

However,birdrescuerssaytheyhavelearnedalotabouthowtobesthelpoil-soakedbirds,andthattherefore,survivalratesstandtoincreasethistimearound.Inthepast,birdswerecleanedrightaway,andvolunteersoftenworkedthroughthenightbathingrescuedbirds.Butnow,capturedbirdsarelefttorestforadayortwobeforebeingcleaned,andonlywashedduringtheday,soasnottodisrupttheircircadian(生理的)rhythms.Butpartofthatincreasemaybeduetogreaterselectivityonthepartofrescuers.Theworkersdobloodtestsrightinthefieldnowandbirdsthatareloadedwithhydrocarbons(碳?xì)浠衔?ordon'tlooklikethey'regoingtomakeitareputdownrightaway,ratherthansubjectedtothestressofcaptivityandcleaning.

Andsofar,whilereleaseratesmaybeimproving,thereislittleevidenceofbettermediumorlong-termsurvival,especiallyforthemore-difficult-to-savespecies.Therestillaren'tgoodprotocols(協(xié)議)forrepairingtheinternalorgandamage.Anyway,rescueeffortswillcontinueinlargepartbecausethepublicdemandsthat.Euthanasiaisadifficultthingtodo,especiallyforpeoplewhohavebuilttheirlivesaroundsavinganimals.（1）Whydosomescientistsdoubttheefforttorescueoiledbirds?A.Becauseithascosttoomuchtimeandmoney.B.Becausehumanmaybeinfectedwiththebirdvirus.C.Becauseitistorturefollowedbydeathtobirds.D.Becausemigrantbirdsmaybroadenthepollution.（2）ThecaseofSpaincoastspillismentionedtoindicate________.A.thousandsofbirdswerepollutedbyoilB.thesurvivalrateofoiledbirdswasverylowC.theeffortstorescueoiledbirdswereineffectiveD.captivityisanimpracticalmethodtorescuebinds（3）Whydothesurvivalratesofoiledbirdsincrease?A.OiledbirdsarekeptinwarmwaterforoneortwodaysB.ThesecondcleaningoftheoiledbirdsindaytimeisnotpermittedC.TherescuersoftenselectthebirdsthatarelikelytosurviveD.Hydrocarbonsareremovedtorescuetheoiledbirds（4）Whydoesoiledbirds'rescueremainacontroversialproblem?A.Oiledbirds'internalorgandamageispermanent.B.Euthanasiaisadifficultandheart-achingoperation.C.Themore-difficult-to-savespecieswilldiebycleaning.D.Therescueisoiledbirds'sufferingwhileseeingthemdieiscruel.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，在石油泄露事件中，有很多鳥兒在石油中被粘住，遭受苦難。救援人員盡最大努力援救它們。但是科學(xué)家們質(zhì)疑救援工作是否值得。一方面，獲救的鳥兒經(jīng)歷了被捕獲、被清理的痛苦之后還是會(huì)死去，存活率很低；另一方面，對(duì)鳥兒進(jìn)行安樂死也是很多人不能接受的。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"becauseresearchsuggeststhatmanyrescuedbirdsdieshortlyafterbeingreleased"因?yàn)檠芯勘砻髟S多獲救的鳥類在被釋放后不久就死亡了。因此，科學(xué)家們懷疑自己在救鳥兒時(shí)作的努力可能是白費(fèi)了，故選C。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“OfthethousandsofbirdsthatwererescuedfromthePrestigeoilspilloffthecoastofSpainin2002,only600werereleasedintothewild;mostoftherestdiedafterjustafewdaysincaptivity”在2002年從西班牙海岸的Prestige石油泄漏事故中獲救的數(shù)千只鳥類中，只有600只被放生到野外；其余大部分在被關(guān)在籠中短短幾天后死亡。根據(jù)這些數(shù)據(jù)可知，被浸在石油中的鳥兒即使獲救，他們的存活率也很低。故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“partofthatincreasemaybeduetogreaterselectivityonthepartofrescuers.Theworkersdobloodtestsrightinthefieldnowandbirdsthatareloadedwithhydrocarbons(碳?xì)浠衔?ordon'tlooklikethey'regoingtomakeitareputdownrightaway”可知，獲救的鳥兒存活率將會(huì)上升的部分原因可能是由于救援人員方面的做出了更大選擇。工人們對(duì)獲救的鳥兒做血液測試，那些身上滿是石油或看起來不會(huì)活下來的鳥兒立刻被放棄了。工人們選擇性地?fù)尵饶切┯写婊羁赡艿镍B兒。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“whilereleaseratesmaybeimproving,thereislittleevidenceofbettermediumorlong-termsurvival和rescueeffortswillcontinueinlargepartbecausethepublicdemandsthatEuthanasiaisadifficultthingtodo,especiallyforpeoplewhohavebuilttheirlivesaroundsavinganimals”可知，一方面雖然釋放率在提高，但是幾乎沒有證據(jù)表明被釋放的鳥兒生存狀況更好；另一方面，救援工作仍將繼續(xù)，因?yàn)榘矘匪朗且患щy的事情，特別是對(duì)于那些從事拯救動(dòng)物的工作的人來說。所以是否救這些被油浸過的鳥兒還是一個(gè)有爭議的問題。援救那些鳥兒，對(duì)于鳥兒來說也要遭受痛苦，而看到它們的死去也是很殘忍的。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Buckdidnotknowthattherewastroubleahead,Troubleforeverydogwithstrongmusclesandwarmlonghair,fromSeattletosouthernCalifornia.SomemenhadfoundayellowmetalintheArcticdarkness,andthousandsofothermenwererushingthere.Thesemenwanteddogsthatwereheavy,withstrongmusclesforworkinghardandfurrycoatstoprotectthemfromthecold.

BucklivedatabighouseinasunnyvalleyinCaliforniawhichwasownedbyJudgeMiller.Hewasneitherahousedognorakennel(狗窩)dog.ThewholeofJudgeMiller'slandwashis.Buckwasking—kingoverallthecrawling,flyingthingsofJudgeMiller'slands,humansincluded.

Hisfather,Elmo,hadbeentheJudge'sinseparablecompanion.Andwhenhedied,Bucktookhisfather'splace.Hewasnotsolarge—heweighedonlysixtykilogram—forhismother,Shep,hadbeenaScottishsheepdog.Huntingandotheroutdooractivitieshadhardenedhismuscle,andswimminghadmadehimhealthy.

ThiswasBuckintheautumnof1897,whenthediscoveryofgoldintheKlondikebroughtMenfromeverywheretothefrozennorth.ButBuckdidnotreadthenewspapers.AndhedidnotknowthatManueloneofthegardenershelper,wasnotagoodman.Manuelgambled(賭博)andwastedthelittlemoneyhehad.NoonesawhimandBuckgooffonwhatBuckthoughtwasawalk.NoonesawthemarriveattherailwaystationwhereManuelsoldBucktoamanwhowaswaitingforhim.

AftertwodayshowascriedoffthetraininSeattleintoasmall,high-walledyard.Thereafatmaninaredsweaterbrokeopenthecagewithasmallaxe(斧頭)，whileholdingaclub(棍棒)intheotherhand.Whentherewasabigenoughopening,Buckjumpedoutlikeared-eyeddevil,straightatthefatman.Butinmid-air,justashisteethweregoingtocloseontheman,hereceivedashockthathehadneverfeltbefore.Itturnedhimoverandontotheground.Hehadneverbeenstruckbyaclubinhislife,andhedidnotunderstand.Hewassmasheddownadozentimes.

Bucksawthathestoodnochanceagainstthemanwiththeclub.Hehadlearnedthelesson,andfortherestofhislifeheneverforgotit.Itwashisintroductionintotheworldofprimitivelaw.

IntheendasmallmancalledPerraultpaidthreehundreddollarsforhim,andhewasledawaywithCurly,agood-naturedNewfoundlanddog.（1）Whatkindofdogsdidthegold-seekerswant?A.Heavyhousedogswithyellowhair.B.Stronglong-haireddogs.C.DiligentdogswithyellowhairD.Muscularkenneldogs.（2）Buckwasproudofhimselfforthefollowingreasons,EXCEPTthat______.A.hewaskingoveralllivingthingsofJudgeMiller'slandsB.hebecametheJudge'sinseparablecompanionafterhisfather'sdeathC.hehadagoodlifewithmanyoutdooractivitiestogetstrongandhealthyD.hewaswantedbygold-seekersthankstohisstrongmusclesandlonghair（3）Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.JudgeMillerownedabighouseandalargepieceoflandintheKlondike.B.ManuelboughtandsoldBuckbecauseheneededmoneytosupporthislife.C.ThefatmancruellybeatBuckwithaclubtoteachhimhowtofightback.D.Buck'sintroductionintothewordofprimitivelawwasobeyingthefatman.（4）Whatcanbethesuitabletitlefortheexcerpt?A.FallintoTroubleB.FightagainstaManC.EscapefromTroubleD.BelieveinaMan【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一只名為巴克的狗的遭遇。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Troubleforeverydogwithstrongmusclesandwarmlonghair,fromSeattletosouthernCalifornia.Thesemenwanteddogsthatwereheavy,withstrongmusclesforworkinghardandfurrycoatstoprotectthemfromthecold.”可知，從西雅圖到南加州，每一條長著結(jié)實(shí)的肌肉和溫暖的長毛的狗都會(huì)在劫難逃。這些尋金人需要的是，高大強(qiáng)壯，有強(qiáng)壯的肌肉，能吃苦耐勞且皮毛可以幫助他們抵御寒冷的狗。所以淘金者需要的是強(qiáng)壯的長毛狗。故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Buckwasking—kingoverallthecrawling,flyingthingsofJudgeMiller'slands,humansincluded.”可知，巴克是國王——統(tǒng)治著JudgeMiller領(lǐng)地上所有爬行、飛行的東西，包括人類。所以A選項(xiàng)是巴克自豪的原因；第三段中的“Hisfather,Elmo,hadbeentheJudge'sinseparablecompanion.Andwhenhedied,Bucktookhisfather'splace.

Huntingandotheroutdooractivitieshadhardenedhismuscle,andswimminghadmadehimhealthy.”他的父親艾爾莫一直是JudgeMiller形影不離的伙伴。他死后，巴克接替了他父親的位置。打獵和其他戶外活動(dòng)鍛煉了他的肌肉，游泳使他身體健康。所以B,C兩項(xiàng)是巴克自豪的原因。故D項(xiàng)不是巴克自豪的原因。故選D。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Butinmid-air,justashisteethweregoingtocloseontheman,hereceivedashockthathehadneverfeltbefore,Itturnedhimoverandontotheground.Hehadneverbeenstruckbyaclubinhislife,andhedidnotunderstand.Hewassmasheddownadozentimes.”可知，就在它的牙齒要碰到他的皮膚時(shí)，那人用棒子給了它一下，這還是有人頭一次用棒子打他，他不知所措。它被打倒在地。它被木棒打了10幾次；以及倒數(shù)第四段中的“Bucksawthathestoodnochanceagainstthemanwiththeclub.”可知，巴克看到，它再也站不起來對(duì)抗他的木棒。所以巴克被打，無力反抗只能屈服于這個(gè)胖人。由此判斷出，巴克的叢林法則就是屈服于這個(gè)胖人。故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Buckdidnotknowthattherewastroubleahead,Troubleforeverydogwithstrongmusclesandwarmlonghair,fromSeattletosouthernCalifornia.”可知，巴克不知道前面會(huì)遇到麻煩，從西雅圖到南加州，每一條長著結(jié)實(shí)的肌肉和溫暖的長毛的狗都會(huì)在劫難逃以及下文對(duì)于巴克的具體遭遇可知，短文最佳的標(biāo)題為“陷入麻煩”。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Foryears,mytimespentintheshowercouldhavegotmeamentioninGuinnessWorldRecordsastheshortesttimetakentobathe.Ihurriedupduringthisprocess.

Oneday,however,whileataparty,Iheardanartistfriendtellingeverybodythathisideacamewhilehewashavingashower.“Whataboutyou?”heasked,“Don'tyougetyourcreativethoughtsfromthesameplace?”

“I'minandoutinahurry,”Itoldhimproudly.“Ihavenotimetowaste!”

“Whatapity,”hesaid.“That'stheplacewhereyouneedtoslowdown;plentyofgreatthoughtscomefromthere!”Itrieditout.Isloweddownthewholeprocess,startedenjoyingthewarmwater,takingalittlelongertosoapmyselfandevenspendingmoretimejustenjoyingtheprocess,andrealizedhowmuchIhadmissedinhurryingupalltheseyears.

Awomantoldmehowmuchstressherfriendwassufferingfromandhowshesoughttoconvinceherthatsheneededtofindwaystorelax.Shegaveheravideotapeonstressmanagementandrelaxationtechniques,andencouragedhertowatchitrightaway.Fifteenminuteslater,herfriendhandedbackthetape.“Itwasgood,”shesaid,”butIdon'tneedit.”

“Butit'sa70-minutevideo,”thewomanreplied,“Youcouldn'thavewatchedthewholething.”

“Yes,Idid,”herfriendsaid.“Iputitinfast-forward!”Amajorsocialproblemofthe21stcenturyisHurrySickness.Wehurrythroughwork.Weswallowfastfood.Wecomplainthatwedon'thaveenoughtime.Weracethroughthedaysandweeksuntilonedaywelookbackinamazementandcomment,“Mygod,howtheyearsflewby!”Thenwerealizetheheavypricewehavepaidfortravelingfast.

SymptomsofHurrySicknessincludestressandanxiety,badrelationships,loweredworkperformanceandevendisease.Somepeopledon'tsurviveit.What'sthecure?Slowdown,forlifeissoshortandpreciousthatwemustliveitwell.（1）Whatwastheadvantageoftakingashowerintheeyesoftheartistfriend?A.

Timewassaved.

B.

Nothingwasmissed.C.

Greatideasflewaway.

D.

Creativethoughtscame.（2）Whatwasthetroublewiththewoman'sfriend?A.

Shefeltstressed.

B.

Shefoundthetapeuseless.C.

Shefoundnowaytorelax.

D.

Shewatchedthetapetoofast.（3）Whatarethemajortroublepeoplefaceinthe21stcenturyinthewriter'seyes?A.

Peoplerunfasttowork.

B.

Everythingisdoneinahurry.C.

Peopledon'thaveenoughtime.

D.

Timeflieswithoutbeingnoticed.（4）Howcantheproblembesettled?A.

Bypacingdown.

B.

Bylearningtosurvive.C.

Bydevelopingfriendship.

D.

Byperforminggoodwork.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文為應(yīng)用文。很多人以自己的快節(jié)奏生活而自豪，這會(huì)造成一種匆忙癥，它的突出癥狀為焦慮，有壓力，生病，工作效率低甚至活不下去。如果想治愈癥，就要放慢速度。比如放慢洗澡的速度有可能會(huì)創(chuàng)意的想法出現(xiàn)。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Iheardanartistfriendtellingeverybodythathisideacamewhilehewashavingashower.…“Don'tyougetyourcreativethoughtsfromthesameplace?”可知，作者的藝術(shù)家的朋友告訴大家。他創(chuàng)造性的想法是在他洗澡的時(shí)候來的。分析選項(xiàng)可知D項(xiàng)符合題意，故答案選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Awomantoldmehowmuchstressherfriendwassufferingfrom…”可知，這位女子說她的朋友遭受了很大的壓力。分析選項(xiàng)可知，故答案選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第八段內(nèi)容可知，21世紀(jì)的人最大的問題就是“匆忙病”。他們匆匆忙忙的工作。吃快餐。他們抱怨沒有足夠的時(shí)間。他們一直和時(shí)間賽跑，直到有一天，驚訝地回過頭來，說，“我的上帝，時(shí)光飛逝啊！“然后意識(shí)到他們已經(jīng)付出了沉重的代價(jià)。分析本段的內(nèi)容可知B項(xiàng)（一切都是匆匆忙忙完成的。）符合題意。在本段中說他們匆匆忙忙地工作而不是奔跑去上班，A錯(cuò)誤。他們抱怨沒有足夠的時(shí)間而不是沒有足夠的時(shí)間，故C是錯(cuò)誤的。而D項(xiàng)與題干無關(guān)。故不選，分析可知B項(xiàng)符合題意。（4）推理判斷題。最后一段說匆忙癥的癥狀包括有壓力和焦慮，不良的人際關(guān)系，工作效率低，甚至生病。有些人甚至無法生存下去。如何治呢？那就是放慢腳步。分析可知，要解決這個(gè)問題就要放慢速度。分析選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)符合題意?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)題解題技巧：1）語義轉(zhuǎn)換題--跳讀查找法：根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，然后進(jìn)行比較和分析，便可確定最佳答案。2）生活應(yīng)用題--常識(shí)理解法：在讀懂文章的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合一定的生活常識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷。3）細(xì)節(jié)排序題--首尾定位法：根據(jù)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序和句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，找出事件發(fā)生的正確順序。4）尋找信息題--題干定位法：尋找信息題一般為功能閱讀題，主要形式有廣告、公告、演出信息、航班時(shí)間表等。6．閱讀理解

CustomerswhocomeintotheWaffleHouserecognizeserverEvoniWilliams,asoft-spoken18-year-oldfromTexasCity.ItallstartedwithaFacebookpost.OnthemorningofMarch3,LauraWolfwaseatingbreakfastattheWaffleHouseinLaMarquewhensheoverheardanolderman,whoremindedherofherlatefather,tellWilliamshehadtroublewithhishands.Theman,lateridentifiedasregularcustomerAdrienCharpentier,hadanoxygentanknearbyandneededhelpcuttinguphisfood.“Withouthesitation,”Wolfwrote,Williams“tookhisplateandbegancuttinguphisham.”

Impressed,WolfpostedthemomentonherFacebookpagetosharethewarmthandkindnesswithall.Thefollowingday,Williams'sFacebooknotification（關(guān)注）begantolightup.HerfriendssawWolf'spostandtrackedherinit.

Williamshadnoideathatsomeonetookaphotothatmorning.Thedinerwassobusythatalineextendedoutsidethedoor.ShesaidhelpingCharpentierwasreflexive.ShehasbeenworkingatWaffleHousesincelastJunetosaveforcollege,andthis,shefigured,wasjusttherightthingtodo.“Iwouldwantsomeonetohelpmygrandmotherorgrandfather,”Williamssaid.

ThepostbegantomakeitsroundsinLaMarqueandeventuallylandedinfrontofthecity'smayor,BobbyHocking.HedecidedtodeclareMarch8asWilliams'sday,andalsoreceivedanemailfromTexasSouthernUniversityPresidentAustinA.Lane,askingiftheschoolcouldpresentWilliamswithascholarship.

WilliamsstillworksatWaffleHousefivedaysaweekandplanstodosountilshestartsclassesinthefallatHouston-basedTexasSouthern.WolfsaidWilliamsdoesnothaveacartogettoclasses,butsomepeoplehaveofferedtostartaGoFundMepageforher,provingthatamomentofakindnesscanchangealife.（1）WhydidWolfpostthephotoonFacebook?A.

Thephotoremindedherofherlatefather.

B.

Itcouldsatisfyherinnerneeds.C.

Shewastouchedbythesight.

D.

Thecustomerhadtroublewithhishands.（2）WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph3probablymean?A.

Withoutasecondthought.

B.

Aftercarefulconsideration.C.

Winningareward.

D.

Betterservingcustomers.（3）WhatcanweinferaboutEvoniWilliams?A.

SheseldomsawCharpentiercometotheHouseforbreakfast.

B.

ItwasGoFundMepagethatledtohergoodluck.C.

Sheisnolongerworkinginservicebusiness.

D.

Shehasprobablyreceivedascholarshipforhercollegeeducation.（4）Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthearticle?A.

TohelpWilliamsreceivehighereducation.

B.

Tointroducearandomactofkindness.C.

Toshowthatyounggenerationcanalwayshelp.

D.

Toemphasizetheinfluenceofthesocialmedia.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，Williams在餅店無意中幫助了一位老人，這件事被上傳到臉書上，這讓大家非常感動(dòng)，并對(duì)她的善意大加贊揚(yáng)。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Impressed,WolfpostedthemomentonherFacebookpagetosharethewarmthandkindnesswithall.”被（所見的事情）感動(dòng)了，于是保魯夫在她的臉譜網(wǎng)頁上張貼，與大家分享這一溫暖和善良的時(shí)刻。其中的impressed“受感動(dòng)的”，與touched“被感動(dòng)的”是同義詞，故選C。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“‘Withouthesitation,’Wolfwrote,Williams‘tookhisplateandbegancuttinguphisham.’”可知，Williams毫不猶豫地幫忙了。第三段中的“Williams…ShesaidhelpingCharpentierwasreflexive.this,…shefigured,wasjusttherightthingtodo.‘Iwouldwantsomeonetohelpmygrandmotherorgrandfather,’Williamssaid.”可知，Williams說幫助Charpentier是reflexive.，我認(rèn)為這是正確的事，我但愿也會(huì)有人來幫助我的祖父母。所以reflexive就是Withouthesitation，即毫不猶豫地，不加思考地幫助那位老人。故選A。(3)考查推斷判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“HedecidedtodeclareMarch8asWilliams'sday,andalsoreceivedanemailfromTexasSouthernUniversityPresidentAustinA.Lane,askingiftheschoolcouldpresentWilliamswithascholarship.”城市市長Bobby詢問學(xué)校是否可以向威廉姆斯頒發(fā)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。由此可推斷，Williams可能會(huì)得到一份獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。故選D。(4)考查主旨大意。本文講述了Williams在餅店無意中幫助了一位老人，這件事被上傳到臉書上，這讓大家非常感動(dòng)，并對(duì)她的善意大加贊揚(yáng)。最后一句講了一個(gè)善良的時(shí)刻可以改變生活。由此可推斷出文章介紹了一種隨意的善意行為可改變生活。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

HereisarecordofthediscussionaboutAI(artificialintelligence)conductedbyseveralscientists:

ScientistA:IwouldsaythatwearequitealongwayoffdevelopingtheAI,thoughIdothinkitwillhappenwithinthenextthirtyorfortyyears.Wewillprobablyremainincontroloftechnol