高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣西縣域高中聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2.5分，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分；滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAlmosteveryday,welearnofdisastersofoneformoranotherthroughthemedia.Theseincludenotjustmajordisastersthataffectlargeareasforalongtime.Aseverestorm,anelectricpowerbreakdown,orahousefirecanbringapersonaldisastertoanindividual.Thisbrochureaimstohelpyoudevelopyourpersonalpreparednessplan.IStockpilingfoodanddrink●Drinkingismoreimportantthaneating.Keepabout14litersofliquidperpersoninstockforeachweek.●Noexperiments.Yoursuppliesshouldmainlyconsistoffoodanddrinkthatyounormallyhave.●Ensurethatyoursuppliescanbestoredforlongperiodsoftimewithoutrefrigerationandthatmostofthemcanbeeatencold.ⅡEmergencypack●Theaimofadisastersupplieskitshouldbetohelpyoutocopewiththepossibilityofhavingtoexistforafewdaysoutsideofyourhouse.Don'ttakemoreforeachfamilymemberthancouldbeconvenientlycontainedwithintheconfinesofarucksack(帆布背包).Arucksackismorepracticalthanasuitcase,asitallowsyoutohavebothhandsfree.●Theemergencyrucksackshouldcontaintheseitems:—Firstaidmaterials,personalmedication—Sleepingbagorblanket—HygieneproductsforacoupleofdaysⅢElectricpowerbreakdown●Keepasupplyoftorchesandcandles,aswellassparebatteries,matchesorlightersinthehouse.Rememberthatbatteriesdonotlastindefinitely.Regularlyusethebatteriesupandreplacethem.●Youcanpreparesmallermealsonacampingstove,onethatcanbeoperatedthroughtheuseofcharcoal(木炭)orgas.ⅣKeepup-to-dateinanemergencyFloodsorheavysnowfallsmayleadtopartsofthepopulationgettingcutofffromtheoutsideworld.Informationandwarningsareimportantforsurvival.Thosewhoaretrappedcanoftenonlybereachedbyradio,televisionortheInternet.However,televisionandtheInternetonlyworkwhenthereiselectricpower,whichcouldfail.Thisleavesjusttheradioasthemainwarningdevice.ⅤAboutusTheFederalOfficeofCivilProtectionandDisasterAssistance(BBK)wasestablishedin2004asacentralorganizationalunitforcivilsecurityinGermany.TheBBKisyourreliablepartnerforemergencypreparednessandself-help.Youcanfindfurtherinformationonourwebsite.1.Thebrochureisprovidedinorderto_______.A.informpeopleaboutrecentdisastersB.providetipsonhowtosurviveinadisasterC.encouragepeopletostockpilefoodanddrinkonaregularbasisD.promotetheFederalOfficeofCivilProtectionandDisasterAssistance2.Whatistherecommendeddevicetoreceivewarningsduringadisaster?A.Alaptop. B.Atelevision. C.Amobilephone. D.Abattery-poweredradio.3.TheFederalOfficeofCivilProtectionandDisasterAssistanceis_______.A.acharitythatcollectsdonationsfordisastervictimsB.anon-profitorganizationthatprovidesdisasterreliefgloballyC.aninternationalorganizationthatcoordinatesdisasterresponseeffortsD.agovernmentagencythatpreparespeopleforemergenciesinGermany【答案】1.B2.D3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了應(yīng)對(duì)各類災(zāi)害的個(gè)人應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備指南，包括囤積物資、應(yīng)急包、電力中斷應(yīng)對(duì)措施、信息獲取渠道及聯(lián)邦民防與災(zāi)害救助辦公室的簡(jiǎn)介?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章開頭“Almosteveryday,welearnofdisastersofoneformoranotherthroughthemedia.Theseincludenotjustmajordisastersthataffectlargeareasforalongtime.Aseverestorm,anelectricpowerbreakdown,orahousefirecanbringapersonaldisastertoanindividual.Thisbrochureaimstohelpyoudevelopyourpersonalpreparednessplan.(幾乎每天，我們都通過(guò)媒體了解到各種形式的災(zāi)難。這些不僅僅包括長(zhǎng)期影響大片地區(qū)的重大災(zāi)害。一場(chǎng)嚴(yán)重的風(fēng)暴、停電或房屋火災(zāi)都可能給個(gè)人帶來(lái)災(zāi)難。本手冊(cè)旨在幫助您制定個(gè)人準(zhǔn)備計(jì)劃)”以及后續(xù)各部分可知，文章提供在災(zāi)難中生存的具體建議，如儲(chǔ)存食物和水、應(yīng)急包準(zhǔn)備、電力中斷應(yīng)對(duì)措施、緊急情況下保持信息暢通等，可以看出該手冊(cè)旨在提供在災(zāi)難中生存的技巧和建議。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第Ⅳ部分“However,televisionandtheInternetonlyworkwhenthereiselectricpower,whichcouldfail.Thisleavesjusttheradioasthemainwarningdevice.(然而，電視和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)只有在有電的情況下才能工作，而電可能會(huì)失靈。這就只剩下無(wú)線電作為主要的預(yù)警設(shè)備)”可知，在電力可能中斷的情況下，無(wú)線電成為了接收預(yù)警的主要設(shè)備。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第Ⅴ部分“TheFederalOfficeofCivilProtectionandDisasterAssistance(BBK)wasestablishedin2004asacentralorganizationalunitforcivilsecurityinGermany.(聯(lián)邦民事保護(hù)和災(zāi)害援助辦公室（BBK）成立于2004年，是德國(guó)民事安全的中央組織單位)”可知，聯(lián)邦民防與災(zāi)害救助辦公室是德國(guó)的一個(gè)政府機(jī)構(gòu)，負(fù)責(zé)公民安全和緊急情況下的準(zhǔn)備工作。故選D。BWhenSpanishmeetsEnglish,newdialectsemerge,givingusreal-timeinsightintolanguageevolution,linguistssay.Forinstance,“Vamosdepunchespunchespunches”,YamiletMunoztextedherfriendsinAustin,Texas.Itmeans“l(fā)et’sgoandparty”,butit’snotaphraseyou’llfindinanydictionary.It’saremixofSpanishandEnglishwordsseasonedwithanin-jokeaboutpunchingtheairasyoudance.“Ourlanguagehasalwaysbeenaverybigindicatorofourculturalpride,”saysMunoz,whoseparentsmigratedfromMexicotoSanAntonio,Texas,inthe1990s.Around66%ofthecity'spopulationidentifyasHispanicorLatino/Latina.ForMunozandherfriendsthereisprideinspeakingSpanish,butalsoinmixingthelanguagesintothehybridknownasSpanglish.TheevolutionofSpanglishhasbeendocumentedfordecades,witheachgenerationaddingitsuniquetwist.Nowagrowingbodyofresearch,aswellastheexperiencesofbilingual(雙語(yǔ)的)speakerslikeMunoz,showsjusthowdeeplyEnglishandSpanishareinfluencingeachotherintheUnitedStates,resultinginhybriddialectslikeSpanglish,butalso,transformingtheunderlyinglanguages.Forthepastdecade,CarterandhiscolleagueshavestudiedlanguagechangeinMiami,acitywheresome72%identifyasLatinoorHispanicandwhichisstronglyshapedbyhistoricalmigrationfromCuba.Theirresearchdocumentstheemergenceofadistinct“MiamiEnglish”dialectasaresultofthatSpanish-languageheritage.TheSpanishinfluencehasalsoshownupinwayspeoplemaynotimmediatelynotice,suchassoundslikethe“oo”in“boot”beingpronouncedinamoreSpanish-stylewayinMiami,moreliketheSpanish“u”vowel,accordingtoseparateresearchbyCarter,LyddaLopezValdezattheUniversityofMiamiandNandiSimsatOhioStateUniversity.“Thisistheworkoflanguagechange,thisistheworkofdialectformation,thisishowithappens.Ithappensinthingsthatarereallynoticeable,likethephrase‘getdownfromthecar’,butitalsohappensinreallyslightways,”hesays.4.WhyisanexampleintroducedinParagraph2?A.Toillustratethelanguageinnovation.B.ToexplaintheadvantageofSpanish.C.TohighlightthemixofSpanishandEnglish.D.ToprovetheenrichmentofEnglishvocabulary.5.WhatcanbeinferredfromMunozandherfriends?A.SpanishandEnglishareinterrelating.B.Mixingtwolanguagesiscomplicated.C.Languagesdominateculturaldevelopment.D.Bilingualiststendtoobservetheirownculture.6.WhatdoesCarterintendtoconvey?A.Dialectsevolveflexiblyandfrequently.B.SpanishpossessesmoresoundsthanEnglish.C.Phrasesarechangingmoreslowlythanbefore.D.Languagechangeisprogressiveanddynamic.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowResearchersareStudyingLanguages.B.HowModemEnglishisChangingGlobally.C.HowaGenerationisReinventingSpanglish.D.HowSpanglishisInfluencingAmericanCulture【答案】4.A5.A6.D7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了Spanglish（西班牙語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)的混合語(yǔ)）的形成和演變，特別是新一代人是如何重新創(chuàng)造Spanglish的?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhenSpanishmeetsEnglish,newdialectsemerge,givingusreal-timeinsightintolanguageevolution,linguistssay.(語(yǔ)言學(xué)家說(shuō)，當(dāng)西班牙語(yǔ)與英語(yǔ)相遇時(shí)，新的方言就會(huì)出現(xiàn)，讓我們實(shí)時(shí)了解語(yǔ)言的演變。)”和文章第二段“Forinstance,“Vamosdepunchespunchespunches”,YamiletMunoztextedherfriendsinAustin,Texas.Itmeans“l(fā)et’sgoandparty”,butit’snotaphraseyou’llfindinanydictionary.It’saremixofSpanishandEnglishwordsseasonedwithanin-jokeaboutpunchingtheairasyoudance.(例如，“Vamosdepunchespunchespunches”，YamiletMunoz給她在得克薩斯州奧斯汀的朋友們發(fā)了這條短信。這句話的意思是“讓我們?nèi)ヅ蓪?duì)”，但這不是你在任何字典里都能找到的短語(yǔ)。這是西班牙語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)單詞的混合體，并帶有一個(gè)關(guān)于跳舞時(shí)揮拳的玩笑。)”可知，第二段中引入一個(gè)例子是為了說(shuō)明語(yǔ)言的創(chuàng)新。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ForMunozandherfriendsthereisprideinspeakingSpanish,butalsoinmixingthelanguagesintothehybridknownasSpanglish.(對(duì)于穆尼奧斯和她的朋友們來(lái)說(shuō)，說(shuō)西班牙語(yǔ)是一件很驕傲的事，但同時(shí)也為將兩種語(yǔ)言混合成一種被稱為西班牙式英語(yǔ)的混合體而感到自豪。)”和文章第四段“Nowagrowingbodyofresearch,aswellastheexperiencesofbilingual(雙語(yǔ)的)speakerslikeMunoz,showsjusthowdeeplyEnglishandSpanishareinfluencingeachotherintheUnitedStates,resultinginhybriddialectslikeSpanglish,butalso,transformingtheunderlyinglanguages.(現(xiàn)在，越來(lái)越多的研究，以及像穆尼奧斯這樣的雙語(yǔ)使用者的經(jīng)歷，表明英語(yǔ)和西班牙語(yǔ)在美國(guó)是多么深刻地相互影響，產(chǎn)生了像西班牙式英語(yǔ)這樣的混合方言，同時(shí)也改變了基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)言。)”可推知，Munoz和她的朋友們?cè)谡f(shuō)話中混合使用西班牙語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)，這表明兩種語(yǔ)言是相互關(guān)聯(lián)的。故選A。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Thisistheworkoflanguagechange,thisistheworkofdialectformation,thisishowithappens.Ithappensinthingsthatarereallynoticeable,likethephrase‘getdownfromthecar’,butitalsohappensinreallyslightways,”hesays.(“這是語(yǔ)言變化的成果，這是方言形成的成果，這就是它是如何發(fā)生的。它會(huì)發(fā)生在一些非常明顯的事情中，比如‘從車?yán)锵聛?lái)’，但它也會(huì)以非常輕微的方式發(fā)生，”他說(shuō)。)”可推知，Carter想要傳達(dá)的是語(yǔ)言變化是漸進(jìn)的和動(dòng)態(tài)的。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了Spanglish（西班牙語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)的混合語(yǔ)）的形成和演變，特別是新一代人是如何重新創(chuàng)造Spanglish的。文章中提到，當(dāng)西班牙語(yǔ)遇到英語(yǔ)時(shí)，新的方言就會(huì)出現(xiàn)，這為我們提供了語(yǔ)言演變的實(shí)時(shí)洞察。文章還通過(guò)YamiletMunoz的例子，展示了Spanglish是如何在年輕人中流行的，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了這種語(yǔ)言混合現(xiàn)象在文化和身份認(rèn)同中的重要性。因此，文章的最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是C項(xiàng)“HowaGenerationisReinventingSpanglish”，即“一代人是如何重新創(chuàng)造Spanglish的”。故選C。CAshadowyfiguresitsaloneinaroom,hisfacedimlylitbyacomputerscreen.Withagrin,hetypesinaseriesofcomputercommands,andintheblinkofaneye,someone’sbankaccountisdrainedtozero.Intoday’sdigitalage,cyberattackslikethishappenthousandsoftimesperday.Hackerscanstealmoney,information,orcompletelytakecontrolofamachinefromanywhereintheworld.However,notallhackersarevillains.Somehackers,calledwhitehatorethicalhackers,areindividualswhomakethemostoftheirhackingskillstoidentifysecurityvulnerabilities(漏洞)inhardware,softwareandnetworks.Theirjobiscrucialinpreventingcyberattacksandsafeguardingsensitiveinformation.Theterm“whitehat”originatedfromoldcowboymovies,whereheroesworewhitehatsandvillainsworeblackones.Liketheheroesincowboymovies,whitehatsseektostopthebadguysandsavetheday.Whitehathackersonlyseekvulnerabilitieslegally,oftenworkingonopen-sourcesoftwareorwithauthorizedaccesstosystems.Oncetheseweakspotsareidentified,companiesorindividualscantakestepstopreventseriousbreachesandlosses.Whitehathackersuseavarietyofdifferenttechniquestokeeptheinternetsafe.Penetrationtesting,forexample,allowsthemtomimiccyberattacksanduncoversystemweaknesses.Securityscanningtoolsallowwhitehatstoidentifyholesinanetwork’ssecuritysystems.Simulatingdenial-of-serviceattacks(DoSattacks)helpscompaniesprepareforattacksagainsttheirwebsites.Manyoftheworld’stopwhitehathackersbegantheirjourneysonthewrongsideofthelaw.AprimeexampleisKevinMitnick.Thisnotorioushackeronceheldthetitleof“mostwantedhacker”intheU.S.duetohiscybercriminalactivitiesin1995.However,afterbeingarrestedandspendingfiveyearsinjail,hislifetookaremarkableturn.Mitnickdecidedtousehishackingskillsforethicalpurposes,eventuallyestablishinghisowncybersecurityconsultingcompany.Ifyouaspiretobeawhitehathacker,startbybuildingastrongfoundationincomputerandnetworkfundamentals.Goodluck,computercowboy!8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“villains”inParagraph2mean?A.evil-doers. B.heroes. C.attackers. D.victims.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutwhitehathackers?A.Theywearwhitehatsincowboymovies.B.Theydoeverythingtosafeguardpeople’sinformation.C.Theylegallyusetheirprofessionalskillstohelppeople.D.Theyfindvulnerabilitiesforpersonalgainwithoutdoingharm.10.Peopleskilledincomputerandnetworkcan’tbetopwhitehathackersunless______.A.theyobeythelawB.theyidentifysecurityweakpointsC.theytakemeasurestostopseriouslossesD.theybuildtheirowncybersecurityconsultingcompanies11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toteachushowtostaysecureonline.B.Totellushowtobetopwhitehackers.C.Towarnusofthedangersofcyberattacks.D.Tointroducedefendersofthedigitalworld.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是在數(shù)字時(shí)代充分利用黑客技能來(lái)捍衛(wèi)數(shù)字世界安全的“白帽黑客”?！?題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞前的“Intoday’sdigitalage,cyberattackslikethishappenthousandsoftimesperday.Hackerscanstealmoney,information,orcompletelytakecontrolofamachinefromanywhereintheworld.(在當(dāng)今的數(shù)字時(shí)代，這樣的網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊每天都會(huì)發(fā)生數(shù)千次。黑客可以從世界任何地方竊取金錢、信息，或者完全控制一臺(tái)機(jī)器。)”可知，在當(dāng)今數(shù)字時(shí)代，很多黑客從世界的任何期房竊取金錢、信息或者是控制一臺(tái)機(jī)器，由此可知，黑客作者一些不好的事情，結(jié)合however可知，劃線單詞所在的句子表示的內(nèi)容與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以此處表示的是不是所有的黑客都是做不好的事情的人，由此可知，劃線單詞的意思與“做不好事情的人”的意義相近，A項(xiàng)“evil-doers”（作惡者）與其意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Whitehathackersonlyseekvulnerabilitieslegally,oftenworkingonopen-sourcesoftwareorwithauthorizedaccesstosystems.Oncetheseweakspotsareidentified,companiesorindividualscantakestepstopreventseriousbreachesandlosses.(白帽黑客只通過(guò)合法途徑尋找漏洞，他們通常利用開源軟件或獲得系統(tǒng)訪問(wèn)權(quán)限。一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些弱點(diǎn)，公司或個(gè)人就可以采取措施防止嚴(yán)重的違規(guī)和損失。)”可知，白帽黑客一般都是采用合法的途徑進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)，去發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的弱點(diǎn)，以便采取措施防止嚴(yán)重的違規(guī)和損失，由此可知，白帽黑客是合法地使用他們的專業(yè)技能來(lái)幫助人們。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Manyoftheworld’stopwhitehathackersbegantheirjourneysonthewrongsideofthelaw.(世界上許多頂級(jí)的白帽黑客都是從違法開始他們的旅程的。)”可知，很多頂級(jí)的白帽黑客都是從違法開始自己的旅程，由此可知，精通計(jì)算機(jī)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的人不可能成為頂級(jí)白帽黑客的前提是要遵守法律，否則就會(huì)成為違法者。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Intoday’sdigitalage,cyberattackslikethishappenthousandsoftimesperday.Hackerscanstealmoney,information,orcompletelytakecontrolofamachinefromanywhereintheworld.(在當(dāng)今的數(shù)字時(shí)代，這樣的網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊每天都會(huì)發(fā)生數(shù)千次。黑客可以從世界任何地方竊取金錢、信息，或者完全控制一臺(tái)機(jī)器。)”可知，在當(dāng)今數(shù)字時(shí)代，黑客經(jīng)常攻擊網(wǎng)絡(luò)，做一些危害世界人們的事情，結(jié)合下文中的“”However,notallhackersarevillains.(然而，并非所有黑客都是壞人。)以及下文介紹的白帽黑客的特點(diǎn)以及在保護(hù)數(shù)字世界安全方面的作用可知，本文的目的是介紹數(shù)字世界安全的捍衛(wèi)者——白帽黑客。故選D項(xiàng)。DTheOurayIceParksitsatthemouthofanarrowboxcanyonsculptedbytheUncompahgreRiver.Aswepickedourwayupthecanyon,Davis,operationsmanageratthepark,pointedoutthevariousprojectshisstaffwererushingtocompletebeforeopeningday.Therewassignagetobuild,anewbridgetocheck,andofcourse,lotsoficetogrow.Heshowed.methelinesofwaterpipesandsprinklers(灑水器)locatedalongthecliffedge.Therearemorethan200ofthesesprinklers,whichspraywaterdirectlyontotherock,creatingwallsoficecontaining100-plusclimbs.StartinginNovemberwhenthetemperaturedrops,theicefarmerswettherockwithwatertocoolit,essentiallybuildingacanvasforthewaterfalls.Theyuseexistingfeaturesontherocktogrowavarietyofroutesforallskilllevels.Thoughthejobinvolvesmuchlabourinfreezingweather,Davisdescribedgrowingiceasakindofartform.Ifhalfanicefarmer’sjobiscreation,theotherhalfisupkeep.Exposedwaterpipesinthemountainsareeasytofreezeandbreakanditisuptothosefarmerstofixthem.Thiswinterhasbeenunusuallywarmandtemperatures,eveninDecember,werenotcoldenoughtomakesufficientice.Itevenrainedadaybeforetheparkwassettoopen,destroying30%oftheicefarmers’efforts.“Winterclimateislesscertainduetothewarmingofourplanet,”saidHeidiSteltzer,aprofessorofenvironmentandsustainability.“Human-madeicemaynotbepossibleeveryyear,butinyearswhenitis,theiceparkoffersjoy,agatheringplaceandopportunitiesofearningmoneytosustainruralmountainlife.”12.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytalkabout?A.Thesignificanceofbuildinganicepark.B.ThegeographicalvarietyoftheOurayIcePark.C.ThelocationandbuildingscheduleoftheOurayIcePark.D.TheinfluenceoftheUncompahgreRiverontheOurayIcePark.13.Whyiswatersprinkledontotherockinthepark?A.Tomakeicewallsforclimbing.B.Toformanattractivelandscape.C.Toremovedirtfromtherocksurface.D.Toavoidtherockbreakinginhightemperatures.14.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“upkeep”inparagraph2?A.Profit. B.Repair. C.Impact. D.Service.15.WhatdoesHeidiSteltzerthinkoftheicepark?A.Itoffersamethodofrecreationandlivelihood.B.Itseemsonlyawasteofmanpowerandmoney.C.Ithassomeunforeseeableimpactsonlocalecology.D.Itisbetterthanotherkindsofparkswithitsuniqueamusements.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了Ouray冰雪公園，這是一個(gè)在天然峽谷中建設(shè)的人造冰場(chǎng)，同時(shí)也是一個(gè)極佳的攀冰勝地。本文還簡(jiǎn)單提到了冰農(nóng)的生活?！?2題詳析】主旨大意題。由第一段“TheOurayIceParksitsatthemouthofanarrowboxcanyonsculptedbytheUncompahgreRiver.Aswepickedourwayupthecanyon,Davis,operationsmanageratthepark,pointedoutthevariousprojectshisstaffwererushingtocompletebeforeopeningday.Therewassignagetobuild,anewbridgetocheck,andofcourse,lotsoficetogrow.(Ouray冰上公園坐落在Unpahgre河雕刻的一個(gè)狹窄的箱形峽谷的入口處。當(dāng)我們沿著峽谷前行時(shí)，公園的運(yùn)營(yíng)經(jīng)理Davis指出了他的員工在開幕日前急于完成的各種項(xiàng)目。有標(biāo)牌要建，有一座新橋要檢查，當(dāng)然還有很多冰要制造。)”可知，本段第一句提到了Ouray冰雪公園的地理位置，后面幾句則是講述公園開放之前要完成的一些工程。由此可知，該段主要是說(shuō)Ouray冰雪公園的位置以及施工安排。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Therearemorethan200ofthesesprinklers,whichspraywaterdirectlyontotherock,creatingwallsoficecontaining100-plusclimbs.(有200多個(gè)這樣的灑水器，它們將水直接噴射到巖石上，形成包含100多個(gè)攀爬的冰墻。)”可知，灑水器把水噴灑到巖石上是為了制作用于攀爬的冰墻。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。由畫線詞后面一句“Exposedwaterpipesinthemountainsareeasytofreezeandbreakanditisuptothosefarmerstofixthem.(山區(qū)裸露的水管很容易結(jié)冰和破裂，這取決于那些農(nóng)民來(lái)修復(fù)它們。)”可知，山里暴露在外的水管很容易結(jié)冰和破裂，要靠那些冰農(nóng)來(lái)修理。也就是說(shuō)，冰農(nóng)既要制冰，也要負(fù)責(zé)公園某些設(shè)施的維修保養(yǎng)。所以畫線詞所在句是說(shuō)冰農(nóng)的工作的一半是創(chuàng)造，一半是維護(hù)，因此猜測(cè)upkeep表“修理，維護(hù)”的意思。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Human-madeicemaynotbepossibleeveryyear,butinyearswhenitis,theiceparkoffersjoy,agatheringplaceandopportunitiesofearningmoneytosustainruralmountainlife.(人類制造的冰可能不能每年都有，但在有可能的年份，冰上公園提供了歡樂(lè)、聚會(huì)場(chǎng)所和賺錢的機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)維持農(nóng)村的山區(qū)生活。)”可知，HeidiSteltzer認(rèn)為，冰雪公園提供了一個(gè)歡樂(lè)與聚會(huì)之地，還給冰農(nóng)提供了機(jī)會(huì)去賺錢以維持農(nóng)村山區(qū)生活。換句話說(shuō)，該公園帶給游客的是娛樂(lè)，帶給為之工作的人則是謀生手段。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ProjectSEKAIColorfulStage!feat.HatsuneMikuisarhythmgamejointlydevelopedbySEGA,CraftEgg,andCryptonFutureMedia,andproducedbySEGAGamesandCraftEgg'ssubsidiaryColorfulPalette.Itisalsoknownbytheabbreviation“PJSK".AboutProjectSEKAIProjectSEKAIColorfulStage!feat.HatsuneMikuprimarilytakestherealworldareanearShibuya,Japanasitsbackdrop._____16_____,singingsongscreatedbyvariouscreatorsasvirtualsingers.Theotherstage,“SEKAI”,originatesfromtherealmofthought,wherenumeroussongsarealsocreated.Oneofthemaincharacters,HoshinoIchika,adventitiouslyencountersHatsuneMiku(初音未來(lái))here.InadditiontoHoshinoIchika,thegamefeaturesothercharacterswiththeirownaspirations.Initiallyreleased,fivedistinctgroupsemerged,eachwiththeirown“aspirations”,“SEKAI”,and“musicalstyles”.GameFeaturesRegardingthestoryline,itsdialoguescenesfeatureLive2Dtechnology,andplayerscanunlocknewclothing,songs,andotherelementsastheyprogressthroughthestory.Additionally,charactersfeaturedin3DMVcanbefreelycustomized,andclothingpurchasedintherealworldwillbeshowcasedin3DMV.Playerscanappreciatethevividandbeautiful3DMVwiththeirfavoritecharactersordesigns._____17_____Asforthegameplay,commandswillappearinatop-downformat,coordinatingwithrhythmandvariouscommandstocreatecombos(連擊數(shù)，即連續(xù)點(diǎn)擊note的數(shù)目),whichnamedthegame’schart.Thegamefeaturesthreetypesofnotes:TAP,FLICK,andHOLD._____18_____Thedifficultyofsongsrangesfromtheeasiest“Easy"tothemostchallenging"Master,"dividedintofivestages,allowingplayerstofreelyselectadifficultylevelthatsuitstheirplaystyle.Thedesignstyleofthegame'schartishighlyreminiscentofSEGA'sarcade(街機(jī))rhythmgameCHUNITHM,featuringintertwinedlong-holdslidersandnotesofvaryingwidths._____19_____Duringgameplay,thebackgroundwillshowcase3DMVanimationsproducedbySEGAGamesforplayers'enjoyment.However,consideringtheimpactofthesongsthemselves,sometrackswillbepresentedinthe2DMVformat.WorldviewInthe"ProjectSEKAI",HoshinoIchikaandothersaccidentallystumbledintothe“SEKAI”andencounteredsixvirtualsingers._____20_____Peoplegainentrytotheworldvia“UNTITLED”tracks.Thesesongs,devoidoflyricsormelodies,coalescedsimultaneouslywiththeworld.Onlythoseimbuedwithprofoundyearningswillencounter“UNTITLED”tracks.Upontheworld'spossessordiscoveringtheirauthenticaspirations,the"UNTITLED"transformintoasong,knownasthegroup's“groupsong"(colloquially).A.Notably,somesongsinthegamewillbedividedinto“originalversion”and“SEKAIversion”sungbybothvirtualsingersandoriginalgamecharacters.B.Virtualsingersmanifestindistinctguisesandinhabitdistinctworlds,aidingindividualsindiscerningtheirauthenticaspirations.C.Whenitcomestothe3DMVandsongs,PJSKcombines3DMVwithpopularVOCALOIDtracks(術(shù)力口歌曲),whichwidelyattractvariousplayers.D.However,thejudgmentcriteriaofPJSK’snotesdiffer,suchastheabilitytosimultaneouslyholdaunique-shapedHOLDswithmultiplefingersbutnottoswipethroughdenseTAPs.E.Virtualsingers,suchasHatsuneMiku,KagamineRin&Len(鏡音鈴&鏡音連),MegurineLuka(巡音流歌),MEIKO,andKAITO,areportrayedasbeingthesameashowweperceivethemintherealworldF.Inthetangibleworld,thevirtualsingerHatsuneMiku,alongwithKagamineRin&Len,MegurineLuka,MEIKO,andKAITO,iscollectivelyreferredtoas"HatsuneMikuandherpartners"G.Intermsofsongs,PJSKhasfeaturedawideselectionofhighlypopularVOCALOIDtracksandcollaborateswithrenownedVOCALOIDcomposertoreleaseoriginalsongs.【答案】16.E17.G18.A19.D20.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。HatsuneMiku是一款由世嘉、CraftEgg和CryptonFutureMedia聯(lián)合開發(fā)的節(jié)奏游戲，由世嘉游戲和CraftEgg的子公司七彩調(diào)色板制作。它也以縮寫“PJSK”。短文介紹了“PJSK”的相關(guān)信息?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“HatsuneMikuprimarilytakestherealworldareanearShibuya,Japanasitsbackdrop.”（初音未來(lái)主要以日本澀谷附近的現(xiàn)實(shí)世界為背景。）以及下文“singingsongscreatedbyvariouscreatorsasvirtualsingers.”（以虛擬歌手的身份演唱各種創(chuàng)作者創(chuàng)作的歌曲）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上下文說(shuō)明虛擬歌手有哪些。故E選項(xiàng)“初音未來(lái)”、“香香Rin&Len”(鏡音鈴&鏡音連)、“MegurineLuka”(巡音流歌)、“MEIKO”、“KAITO”等虛擬歌手的形象與我們?cè)诂F(xiàn)實(shí)世界中所看到的一模一樣”切題。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Asforthegameplay,commandswillappearinatop-downformat,coordinatingwithrhythmandvariouscommandstocreatecombos(連擊數(shù)，即連續(xù)點(diǎn)擊note的數(shù)目),whichnamedthegame’schart.Thegamefeaturesthreetypesofnotes:TAP,FLICK,andHOLD.Thedifficultyofsongsrangesfromtheeasiest"Easy"tothemostchallenging"Master,"dividedintofivestages,allowingplayerstofreelyselectadifficultylevelthatsuitstheirplaystyle.”（至于游戲玩法，命令將以自上而下的形式出現(xiàn)，配合節(jié)奏和各種命令創(chuàng)造連擊(連擊數(shù)，即連續(xù)點(diǎn)擊注的數(shù)目)，這就是游戲的圖表。游戲有三種類型的音符:TAP,FLICK和HOLD。歌曲的難度范圍從最簡(jiǎn)單的“Easy”到最具挑戰(zhàn)性的“Master”，分為五個(gè)階段，允許玩家自由選擇適合自己演奏風(fēng)格的難度級(jí)別）可知，本段主要關(guān)于PJSK的特點(diǎn)。故G選項(xiàng)“在歌曲方面，PJSK精選了許多非常受歡迎的VOCALOID曲目，并與著名的VOCALOID作曲家合作發(fā)布原創(chuàng)歌曲。”切題。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thegamefeaturesthreetypesofnotes:TAP,FLICK,andHOLD”（游戲有三種類型的音符:TAP,FLICK和HOLD。）以及下文“Thedifficultyofsongsrangesfromtheeasiest"Easy"tothemostchallenging"Master,"dividedintofivestages,allowingplayerstofreelyselectadifficultylevelthatsuitstheirplaystyle.”（歌曲的難度范圍從最簡(jiǎn)單的“Easy”到最具挑戰(zhàn)性的“Master”，分為五個(gè)階段，允許玩家自由選擇適合自己演奏風(fēng)格的難度級(jí)別。）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上下文說(shuō)明歌曲在游戲中的分類。故A選項(xiàng)“值得注意的是，游戲中的一些歌曲將分為“原版”和“SEKAI版”，由虛擬歌手和原版游戲角色共同演唱?！鼻蓄}。故選A項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thedesignstyleofthegame'schartishighlyreminiscentofSEGA'sarcade(街機(jī))rhythmgameCHUNITHM,featuringintertwinedlong-holdslidersandnotesofvaryingwidths.”（游戲圖表的設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)格讓人聯(lián)想到世嘉街機(jī)(街機(jī))節(jié)奏游戲《CHUNITHM》，其特點(diǎn)是長(zhǎng)握滑塊和不同寬度的音符交織在一起）可知，選項(xiàng)與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系說(shuō)明PJSK音符的不同點(diǎn)。故D選項(xiàng)“然而，PJSK筆記的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是不同的，比如能夠同時(shí)持有多個(gè)手指的獨(dú)特形狀的持有物，但不能在密集的TAP中滑動(dòng)?！鼻蓄}。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Inthe"ProjectSEKAI",HoshinoIchikaandothersaccidentallystumbledintothe“SEKAI”andencounteredsixvirtualsingers.”（在“ProjectSEKAI”中，星野一香等人偶然進(jìn)入了“SEKAI”，遇到了六位虛擬歌手。）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文具體說(shuō)明虛擬歌手的具體信息。故B選項(xiàng)“虛擬歌手以不同的面貌出現(xiàn)，居住在不同的世界，幫助個(gè)人辨別他們真正的愿望。”切題。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Eachyear,IwriteaChristmaslistformyfamily.It’snotthatIdon’tenjoythe____21____ofaperfectlychosengiftthatIwouldneverhavethoughtto____22____.It’sjustthat,moreoftenthannot,someoneelse’s____23____oftheperfectlychosengiftisnotmine.I’drathertheyjuststucktothe____24____.However,thereisoneareawhereI____25____handovercontrol—theChristmasstocking.Mymummakesastockingformeeveryyear.Thereare____26____tothestocking.Itwillalways____27____chocolatecoinsandapairofgloves.Therewillbesomesortofseasonal____28____,likecolourfullights.Andthentherewillbe____29____supplies.We’llbuyeachotherlittlebitsofskincare,suchassoaps.Therewillbekitchentoolstoreplacetheoldones.Weusestockingsasachanceto____30____eachother’sdailylives,toreplacethesmallthingsthatyou____31____becausethere’salwayssomethingmoreimportanttospendthemoneyon.Theseoversizedsockspackedwithsmallgiftsmightnotbe____32____infancyribbon(絲帶)andplacedunderthetree,buttometheybringasmuch____33____asthemostexpensivepresent.They____34____thatthepersonwhofilledthatstockingunderstandsyourlife,seesthedetailsofit,andwantstomakeiteasier.Buyingawomanabeautifulpieceofjewellerythatabsolutelymeetshertasteisn’teasy,butfindingtensmallitemsthatwill____35____herdailylifeisanactthatrequirestrulyseeingher.21.A.reputation B.news C.surprise D.entertainment22.A.askfor B.setaside C.knowabout D.sellout23.A.preference B.message C.answer D.idea24.A.list B.plan C.habit D.principle25.A.secretly B.willingly C.suddenly D.deeply26.A.traditions B.approaches C.solutions D.attitudes27.A.keep B.contain C.collect D.accept28.A.changes B.greetings C.decorations D.flowers29.A.constant B.sufficient C.limited D.daily30.A.enjoy B.refresh C.save D.restore31.A.holdonto B.putupwith C.makedowith D.lookforwardto32.A.trapped B.wrapped C.painted D.covered33.A.shock B.fear C.relief D.joy34.A.recognize B.admit C.agree D.show35.A.enhance B.rebuild C.stimulate D.ruin【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.B26.A27.B28.C29.D30.B31.C32.B33.D34.D35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為記敘文。本文講述了作者雖然在圣誕節(jié)禮物上偏好實(shí)用性，但在接收家人準(zhǔn)備的圣誕襪禮物時(shí)卻樂(lè)意放棄控制權(quán)，享受其中滿載的日常小物所代表的親情與關(guān)懷。母親每年為作者準(zhǔn)備的襪子禮物，雖不華麗，卻因充滿理解與貼心，能切實(shí)融入并改善彼此的生活，而成為最珍貴的禮物?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這并不是說(shuō)我不喜歡收到一份我從未想過(guò)要的完美的禮物帶來(lái)的驚喜。A.reputation名聲；B.news新聞；C.surprise驚喜；D.entertainment娛樂(lè)。根據(jù)上文“Eachyear,IwriteaChristmaslistformyfamily”可知，每年，作者都會(huì)給自己的家人寫一份圣誕清單，所以此處指作者其實(shí)也喜歡收到意料之外的完美禮物的驚喜。故選C。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我并不是不喜歡那些我從未想過(guò)要索取的、精心挑選的禮物所帶來(lái)的驚喜。A.askfor請(qǐng)求，