高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省南通市2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期6月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatcausedthemantobelate?A.Thathisusualtrainwascanceled.B.Thathelefthiskeysinhisoffice.C.Thathewasaskedtoworkextrahours.【答案】B【原文】M:SorryI’mlate.IwashalfwaytothetrainstationwhenIrealizedmykeyswerestillonmydeskatwork.W:Oh,Ihateitwhenthathappens.M:Ontheplusside,thelatertrainisnotasbusyasmyusualone!2.WhydoesthemandecideagainstgettingaVRgamingsystem?A.Hecan’taffordit. B.Hisroomistoosmall. C.Hedoesn’thavethetimetoplay.【答案】B【原文】M:I’dlovetohavemyownVRgamingsystem.W:Getyourselfonewithyouryearlyprize.Youdeserveitafterworkingallthatovertime!M:I’dnevergettoplayit.I’llneedalotofspacetomoveabout.Haveyouseenmyplace?3.WhatdoesthemanaskMarytodoatfirst?A.Cleanthedishes. B.Tidytherooms. C.StudyEnglish.【答案】A【原文】M:Whyarethedishesstillsittingtherefromlastnight,Mary?Isn’tityourturntowashthem?W:ButIcleanedalltheroomsyesterdaybecauseBrianwasstudying.Hesaidthathe’ddothedishesinexchange.M:Okay,I’llgospeaktohim.4.WhatdothespeakersthinkAngelaneedstodo?A.Findsomenewinterests.B.Forgetaboutthepastandmoveon.C.Expressherexpectationsforhernewjob.【答案】B【原文】W:IsAngelastillupsetaboutwhathappened?M:Yes.Ithinkshecanbeunderstoodforbeingangry.Thewholethingwasunfair.Butit’sforherowngoodtoletitgo.W:Definitely.Holdingontothepastwillonlyhurtherselfmoreintheend.5.Whatisthewomanprobablystrugglingwith?A.Ability. B.Future. C.Focus.【答案】C【原文】M:I’msuremysmartphoneismakingmestupid.W:Iworryaboutthat,too!Iusedtoreadmanybooksinayear,butnowIcanhardlyfinishamagazinearticleatatime.Ifitdidn’torganizemywholelife,I’dthrowitout.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘:聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Howdoesthewomanseemtofeel?A.Concerned. B.Sad. C.Annoyed.7.Whichisthecauseoftheman’snoseproblemaccordingtothewoman?A.Hehasacold.B.Hetookthewrongmedicine.C.Hereactsbadlytocertainfoods.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】W:Areyougettingacoldorsomething?M:Oh,mynosealwaysseemstogetblockedatthistimeofnight.Idon’tknowwhy.W:That’sstrange.M:Yeah,it’sannoying,butI’lltakesomemedicinebeforegoingtobed,andit’llclearrightup.W:Theremustbeareasonforit,though.Doesithappeneverynight?M:Mostnights,yeah.UsuallynotlongafterI’vehadmyeveningcheeseonbread!W:Thatcouldbetheproblem.Somepeoplereactbadlytomilk-basedproducts!M:Really?IsthereanythingIcando?W:Tryeatingfruitinstead.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Learninganewlanguage.B.Makingastudyschedule.C.Meetinghomeworkdeadlines.9.WhendidMrs.MartinezprobablysettheSpanishtask?A.OnTuesday. B.OnFriday. C.OnSunday.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Takeatrainingcourse.B.Setareminderforthewoman.C.Teachthewomantouseanapp.【答案】8.C9.A10.C【原文】M:HowdidyougetonwiththatSpanishtask?W:Ihaven’tdoneityet.M:Butwe’remeanttohanditinthisafternoon.W:No...It’snotdueuntilFriday,likealways.M:Don’tyouremember?Mrs,Martinezhasatrainingcoursetogoto,sosheaskedustohanditinadayearly.W:Butsheonlysetthetasktwodaysago.M:Don’tworry.ItonlytookmeabouthalfanhourtodoitW:Okay.IguessI’lldoitatlunch.ButIneedtocomeupwithabetterwayforthisstuff.Writingremindersdownonlittlebitsofpaperclearlyisn’tworking!M:Don’tyouusetheschoolapp?W:Honestly,I’veneverunderstoodhowitworks!M:It’seasy.Icanshowyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inaschool. C.Atarestaurant.12.WhatdoweknowaboutJay?A.Helovesplayingjokesonpeople.B.Heisn’tverygoodwithtechnology.C.Hedoesn’thaveagoodsenseofhumor.13.Whatdoesthemandecidetodolater?A.PreparedinnerforBryan. B.Contactafriend. C.Fixacomputer.【答案】11.A12.B13.B【原文】M:Areyoubusy?W:Justmakingdinner.What’sup?M:OurfriendJay’sbirthdayiscomingup,andBryanwantstoplayapracticaljokeonhím.ButI’mnotsure...W:DoesJaygenerallyenjoythattypeofthing?M:Usually,yeah.Helaughsalong.W:WhatisBryanplanning?M:Hewastalkingaboutdownloadingsomecomputersoftware,tomakeJaythinkhisschoollaptopisbroken.Thethingis,Jayisterriblewithstufflikethat.He’llhavenoideahowtofixit,andIcanimaginehimgettingreallystressedout.W:Well,there’syouranswer.Harmlessjokesareonething,butifitmakessomeoneupset,thenthat’snotokay.M:Itotallyagree.Ijustdon’twantBryantothinkI’mboring.W:You’renotbeingboring.You’reright.M:Thanks,Mom.I’llphonehimlaterandsayweneedabetteridea.W:Goodplan.Now,callyourfatherdownstairs.It’sdinnertime!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Directorandactress.C.Fanandactress.15.HowdoesthewomanknowMichaelSheen?A.They’vemadeafilmtogether.B.Theysharethesamemanager.C.Theyareformerschoolmates.16.WhatisMichaelSheen’sannouncementabout?A.Workingforfree. B.Startingupacharity. C.Takingabreakfromacting.17.Whatlessondoesthewomanshare?A.Selflessnesscanleadtosuccess.B.Besatisfiedwithwhatyouhaveandbehelpful.C.Youmustfirsthelpyourselfinordertohelpothers.【答案】14.A15.C16.A17.B【原文】M:So,whatwasthehardestscenetofilm?W:Atonepointmycharacterandherfriendwererunningthroughaforest,runafterbybadguys.Wehadtobattletheinsects,theweather,andthenoisyplanesflyingoverhead...M:Still,itsoundslikeyouhadfun!W:Yeah!I’mexcitedtoseethefans’responsewhenthemovie’sreleasednextsummer.M:You’veactedoppositesomebignames.Isthereanyoneyou’dstilllovetoworkwith?W:MichaelSheen.We’veknowneachothersincedramaschool,butnevermanagedtoperformtogether.He’sjustsotalented,andsuchaniceguy!M:Didn’therecentlyannouncethathe’snolongeracceptingpaymentforhisroles?W:Yes!Asa“not-for-profit”actor,hedecidedtodonatemostofhispaytocharity.M:Isn’tthatinspiring?W:Absolutely.Successoftenseemstomakepeoplemoreselfish(自私的).ButI’vealwaystriedtolearnfromthewriterJosephHeller—knowingwhenyouhaveenoughandusingwhat’slefttohelpothers.M:Great!Thanksforjoiningusontheshowtoday.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Recordinganonlinevideo.B.HostingaTVprogram.C.Makingalivestream.19.Whatistheusualfocusofthespeaker’svideo?A.Fashiontips. B.Photography. C.Chineseculture.20.Whatdoesthespeakeraskherfansfortheiropinionon?A.Howtodoaliveshow.B.Whetherornottheylikeherdress.C.Whathernextvideosshouldbeabout.【答案】18.C19.A20.C【原文】Hi,everyone,it’syourgirl,May...Andyes,weareliveagain!Imustadmit,it’ssocoolthatdon’thavetospendhoursinvideoediting.Although,ifI’mnotpre-recording,IhavetothinkalotmoreaboutwhatIwanttosay!Anyway,let’sgettoit!Asyou’veprobablyguessedfromwhatI’mwearing,todaywe’retalkingabouttraditionalChineseclothing,Iknowmostofyoucometomeforfashiondressingideas,butthosewho’veseenmyphotospostedonlinewillknowI’malsoabigfanofHanfu.Andtoday,I’mwearingtypicaldaywearforTang-dynastywomen.It’ssolight,andIcanwearitalldaywithoutanyproblems.Plus,you’llnoticetheskirttiesaroundmychest,whichisgreatformeasIdon’tloveanythingtightaroundmymiddle!TheHanfuisnotjustapieceofclothing.It’sasymbolofChina’slonghistory.SoI’mplanningtosharehowtocombineHanfuwithyourdailydressinginthenextvideos.Whatdoyouguysthink?Letmeknowinthechat!第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AScottishStorytellingCentreAbout“Astoryshouldbetoldeyetoeye,mindtomind,hearttoheart,”sorunstheScottishtravellers’proverbthatinspiresthisculturalcentrecommittedtothetellingoftalesandthesharingofstories.Themaindrawisitsprogrammeofspoken-wordperformances,mostofwhichtakeplaceinits100-seatbasementtheatre.Thestorytellingdoesn’tjusthappenonstage,though.Thegroundfloorhasalarge,airyroomusedforexhibitions,workshopsandopen-micevents,aswellasamonthlystorysessionforone-tothree-year-olds.ThecentrewillalsohosttheScottishStorytellingFestival(18-31October).TheotherhighlightoftheScottishStorytellingCentreisKnoxHouse.You’llfindtricksandtrapsthroughoutdesignedtofoolvisitors,sowatchout.Gettingthere?ThecentreisinthemiddleofEdinburgh’sOldTown,attheeasternendoftheRoyalMile.It’safive-minutewalkfromWaverleyrailwaystation.Drivinginthecitycentreistobeavoided;thenearestbusstopsareontheHighStreetandNorthBridge.Valueformoney?Reasonable.Entrytotheground-floorspaceisfree,althoughallthetheatreperformancesareticketed.Pricesforshowsvary,￡12foradultsand￡8forchildren,family￡38(twoadultsandtwochildren)or￡25(oneadultandthreechildren).CaféVoices,thecentre’smonthlystorytellingnight,is￡5each.Openinghours10am—6pmMonday—Saturday;Sunday(JulyandAugustonly).Lastentry:5:30pm.AdditionalInformationTheCentreiswheelchairaccessiblewithliftaccesstoallfloors,andhearingloops(助聽設(shè)備)inReceptionandtheTheatre.21.WhatcanavisitordoinScottishStorytellingCentre?A.PlayhideandseekinKnoxHouse.B.Experiencetheliveartofstorytelling.C.Watchperformancesinanopentheatre.D.VolunteerattheScottishStorytellingFestival.22.HowmuchdoacouplewiththeirtwokidspaytoattendCaféVoices?A.￡20. B.￡38. C.￡40. D.￡43.23.WhatdoweknowabouttheScottishStorytellingCentre?A.Itisdisability-friendly. B.Itisopenallyeararound.C.Itisinconvenientlylocated. D.Itencouragescar-sharing.【答案】21.B22.A23.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是蘇格蘭故事中心的相關(guān)情況?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)About部分的“Themaindrawisitsprogrammeofspoken-wordperformances,mostofwhichtakeplaceinits100-seatbasementtheatre.Thestorytellingdoesn’tjusthappenonstage,though.Thegroundfloorhasalarge,airyroomusedforexhibitions,workshopsandopen-micevents,aswellasamonthlystorysessionforone-tothree-year-olds.(其核心亮點當(dāng)屬現(xiàn)場口頭表演項目，多數(shù)演出在該中心地下那座可容納百人的劇場內(nèi)上演。不過，講故事的活動并不局限于舞臺之上——一樓設(shè)有寬敞通透的多功能廳，用于舉辦展覽、工作坊、開放麥活動，以及每月為1至3歲幼兒開設(shè)的故事時光。)”可知，游客在蘇格蘭講故事中心可以體驗現(xiàn)場故事藝術(shù)。故選B。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“CaféVoices,thecentre’smonthlystorytellingnight,is￡5each.(中心每月舉辦的‘咖啡館之聲’故事夜活動票價為每人5英鎊。)”可知，一對帶著兩個孩子的夫婦要花的錢是￡5×4，等于20英鎊，故選A。【23題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheCentreiswheelchairaccessiblewithliftaccesstoallfloors,andhearingloops(助聽設(shè)備)inReceptionandtheTheatre.(中心全樓層配備無障礙通道與電梯，接待處及劇場內(nèi)設(shè)有助聽設(shè)備（hearingloops），為殘障人士提供便利。)”可知，該中心是殘疾人友好型的。故選A。BWhenBarbaraEarthwasfour,sheinjuredherselfinthebasementofthefamilyhome.Imprintedonhermemory,alongwiththehunt,istheunderstandingthatshehadtoscreamreallyloudly“becausemymotherwouldn’thear”.Inasense,Earthhaspreparedallherlifeforherownpossiblefuturedeafness.Shewas27whenascreeningidentifiedhearingloss,butthelosswasgradual,so“it’snoteasytodefinewhenIstoppedbeingabletohear.”Herworkandtravelshavetakenherto33countries.ShedidadoctorateinTanzaniainher40s.Inher50s,shetaughtatacollegeinThailand,buthearingstudents’questionshadbecome“impossible”.Life,was“anincreasingstruggle”.Earthdecidedthatifsheweretospareherselfthelonelinessandpain,sheneededtoact.SoshemovedtoHawaiitolearnAmericanSignLanguage(ASL)andnowshehasreached“afunctionallevel”.Thelanguageis“veryhard”.“Thereisahugedifferenceinthesignlanguageofsomeonewhoisborndeaf.Idon’thavethoseconnectionsfrommybraintomyhandsandeyes,”shesays.Finger-spellingisdifficult.“Thehandmovementsaresosubtle.Ioftencan’tcatchit,”shesays.Alongwithlearninganewlanguage,Earthhasspentthepastdecadeplacingherselfinacommunity.AftertheASL,course,shebecameagraduatestudentatGallaudetuniversity,whichhasabilingual(雙語的)approachtolearning,thenworkedonahistoryofdeafpeopleinHawaii.OnedeafwomanEarthvisitedinthenursinghome“criedbecausenoonesignedthere”.Earthrealized:“Ineedtobearoundotherdeafpeople.”Lastyear,Earthdecidedtostart“anewlife”.“MycolleaguesarealldeafandASLisusedforeverything,”shesays.“It’slikeasecondlife.Ilearnmore,Isignmore.It’sprogress.”Nothavinggrownupwithsign-languagemeansit’sveryeasytofeellikeanoutsider.”Butnothere,”shesays,“Everyone’sdifferent,andtheyvaluediversity.”24.HowdidEarthrespondtoherfuturedeafness?A.Sheidentifieditasanunintentionalmistake.B.Sheclaimedtheconditionwouldnotprogress.C.Sheresignedherselftotheawkwardnessoflife.D.Shebravedchallengesandjumpedintoadventures.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subtle”inparagraph3mean?A.Smallbutimportant. B.Organizedandclear.C.Difficulttoperceive. D.Raretoencounter.26.Whatdidtheexampleofthedeafwomaninthenursinghomeillustrate?A.Benefitsofbilinguallearning.B.Urgentneedforsignlanguagesupport.C.Prejudiceagainstthedeafpeople.D.Lackofcompanycarefortheaged.27.WhatcontributedtoEarth’snewpath?A.Heracademicachievement.B.Hercross-culturaladaptability.C.Socialprogressandgenderequality.D.Signlanguageandherdeafcolleagues.【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了BarbaraEarth面對漸進(jìn)性聽力喪失，從被動承受到主動尋求改變，最終通過學(xué)習(xí)手語、融入聾人社區(qū)實現(xiàn)自我接納與成長的人生歷程。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“SoshemovedtoHawaiitolearnAmericanSignLanguage(ASL)andnowshehasreached“afunctionallevel”.(于是她搬到夏威夷學(xué)習(xí)美國手語（ASL），如今已達(dá)到“能基本運用的水平”。)”和第四段“Alongwithlearninganewlanguage,Earthhasspentthepastdecadeplacingherselfinacommunity.(除了學(xué)習(xí)新語言，過去十年間，Earth一直努力融入聾人社群。)”可知，Earth不畏挑戰(zhàn)，投身冒險。故選D。【25題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Ioftencan’tcatchit(我經(jīng)常跟不上)”可知，手指拼寫的手部動作太微妙了，難以捕捉，subtle的意思是“難以察覺的”或“細(xì)微的”，和difficulttoperceive意思相近。故選C。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“OnedeafwomanEarthvisitedinthenursinghome“criedbecausenoonesignedthere”.Earthrealized:“Ineedtobearoundotherdeafpeople.”(她在養(yǎng)老院探訪一位聾人女性時，對方“因無人使用手語交流而痛哭”。那一刻Earth恍然大悟：“我需要和其他聾人在一起?！?”可知，那個在養(yǎng)老院的聾啞婦女的例子說明聾人群體對手語支持的迫切需求，故選B?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““MycolleaguesarealldeafandASLisusedforeverything,”shesays.“It’slikeasecondlife.Ilearnmore,Isignmore.It’sprogress.”(“我的同事都是聾人，所有事務(wù)都用手語溝通，”她說，“這就像重獲新生。我學(xué)得更多，用手語交流也更多，這是真正的進(jìn)步。”)”可知，Earth的新生活得益于手語的學(xué)習(xí)和聾人同事的陪伴，兩者共同推動了她融入聾人社區(qū)、開啟新人生的進(jìn)程。故選D。CThefactthathumanswhoarenotrelatedbybloodhelpeachotherrepeatedlyovertimeisdemonstrablytrue—thinkoftheongoingmutual(相互的)supportthatsustainsyourlongest-runningfriendships.Buttheideathatsuchinteractionsoccurintheanimalkingdomhasbeendifficulttoprove.AnewstudyofAfricanstarlings(歐掠鳥)ledbybiologistRubensteinandhiscolleaguesdrawsondatagatheredover20yearsandprovesexactlythat:Thestarlingsdemonstrate“reciprocity”,helpingeachotherwiththeexpectationthatthefavorwilleventuallybereturned.Rubensteinsaidsuchbehaviourwasprobablynecessaryforstarlingsastheyliveinaharshenvironmentwheredroughtiscommonandfoodislimited.“Twobirdsprobablycan’tfeedtheiryoungontheirown,sotheyneedthesehelperstohelpthem,”hesaid,addingthataseachbreeding(繁殖)pairproducestheiryoung,birdsmustbeemployedfromoutsidethefamilygrouptohelptheyoungsurvive.WritinginthejournalNature,Rubensteinandcolleaguesreporthowtheystudiedsuperbstarlingsat410nestsinKenyacoveringninesocialgroups,recordingdataovera20-yearperiodfrom2002thatcoveredmorethan40breedingseasons.TheteamalsocollectedDNAfrom1,175birdstoexploretheirrelationshipstoeachother.Theresultsrevealthatratherthanhelpingbirdsatrandom,starlingspreferentiallyhelpedbreedingbirdsthatwererelatedtothem,particularlyiftheywereborninthesamenest.However,theyalsohelpedunrelatedbreedingbirds,evenwhentherewereopportunitiestohelprelatives.Theteamfoundhelperstendedtoaidspecificbreedingbirds.Crucially,thesepairsofbreedersandhelpersoftenswitchedrolesfromonebreedingseasontothenext-particularlyiftheywereimmigrants(移民)tothegroup.“Youcanthinkofthemasfriendships,inthesensethatthey’renotrelatives.”saidRubenstein.However,Rubensteinsaidquestionsremained.“Whydon’ttheyjustgetthehelpandthennotreciprocatethehelpinthefuture?”hesaid,addingtheteamwascollectingfurtherdatatoexplorethemystery.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A.Afavorwilleventuallybewasted.B.Non-relativeanimalshelpeachother.C.Mutualsupportcontributestofriendship.D.Bloodrelationlastslongerthanfriendship.29.WhatdidRubensteinexplaininparagraph3?A.Tipsonincreasingnestsurvivalrates.B.Theimpactofclimatechangeonbirds.C.Leadingcausesofbirdpopulationdecline.D.Reasonsfornon-relativehelpingamongbirds.30.Whatcanbelearntfromtheresearchfindingsaboutreciprocalhelping?A.Itwasrecordedatrandom. B.Itwaschosenonpurpose.C.Itwasdonewithreservation. D.Itwaslimitedtofamilygroups.31.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A.Expectationsforfuturestudies.B.Applicationsoftheresearchfindings.C.Asummaryoftheevidenceonproblems.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchfindings.【答案】28.B29.D30.B31.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了科學(xué)家通過研究非洲歐掠鳥證明非血緣關(guān)系的動物之間也存在互助行為?！?8題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中“Buttheideathatsuchinteractionsoccurintheanimalkingdomhasbeendifficulttoprove.(但這種互動在動物界中發(fā)生的觀點一直難以證實。)”以及第二段“AnewstudyofAfricanstarlings(歐掠鳥)ledbybiologistRubensteinandhiscolleaguesdrawsondatagatheredover20yearsandprovesexactlythat:Thestarlingsdemonstrate“reciprocity”,helpingeachotherwiththeexpectationthatthefavorwilleventuallybereturned.(生物學(xué)家Rubenstein及其同事開展了一項針對非洲歐掠鳥的新研究，該研究基于20多年來收集的數(shù)據(jù)，恰恰證明了這一點：歐掠鳥展現(xiàn)出“互惠性”，它們會互相幫助，并期望對方最終會回饋這份恩情。)”可知，that指代的是“非血緣關(guān)系的動物之間存在互助行為”。故選B?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Rubensteinsaidsuchbehaviourwasprobablynecessaryforstarlingsastheyliveinaharshenvironmentwheredroughtiscommonandfoodislimited.“Twobirdsprobablycan’tfeedtheiryoungontheirown,sotheyneedthesehelperstohelpthem,”hesaid,addingthataseachbreeding(繁殖)pairproducestheiryoung,birdsmustbeemployedfromoutsidethefamilygrouptohelptheyoungsurvive.(Rubenstein說，這種行為對歐掠鳥來說可能是必要的，因為它們生活在干旱常見、食物有限的惡劣環(huán)境中。他說：“兩只鳥可能無法獨自養(yǎng)活幼鳥，所以它們需要這些幫手來幫忙?！彼€補(bǔ)充說，每對繁殖期的歐掠鳥產(chǎn)下幼鳥后，都必須從家族群體之外招募鳥兒來幫助幼鳥存活。)”可知，Rubenstein在第三段解釋了鳥類之間非血緣關(guān)系互助的原因。故選D。【30題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Theresultsrevealthatratherthanhelpingbirdsatrandom,starlingspreferentiallyhelpedbreedingbirdsthatwererelatedtothem,particularlyiftheywereborninthesamenest.(結(jié)果表明，歐掠鳥并不是隨機(jī)幫助其他鳥類，而是優(yōu)先幫助與它們有親緣關(guān)系的繁殖鳥類，特別是如果它們出生在同一個巢穴里的話。)”可知，互助行為是有選擇性的，并非隨機(jī)。故選B?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)最后一段“However,Rubensteinsaidquestionsremained.“Whydon’ttheyjustgetthehelpandthennotreciprocatethehelpinthefuture?”hesaid,addingtheteamwascollectingfurtherdatatoexplorethemystery.(然而，Rubenstein表示，仍有一些問題有待解答。他說：“為什么它們在得到幫助后，未來卻不回饋這份幫助呢？”他還補(bǔ)充說，研究團(tuán)隊正在收集更多數(shù)據(jù)，以解開這一謎團(tuán)。)”可知，最后一段主要關(guān)注對未來研究的期望。故選A。DPositiveemotionssuchasjoyandhappinessareimportantformentalhealthandwell-being,andmanypeoplethinkthattheywanttoavoidexperiencingnegativeemotionssuchasangerasmuchaspossible.However,functionalismsuggeststhatallemotions,goodorbad,arereactionstoeventswithinaperson’senvironmentandservethepurposeofalerting(使警覺)thatpersontoimportantsituationsthatrequireactions.Eachemotionmaycallforadifferentresponse.Tobetterunderstandtheroleofangerinachievinggoals,researchersconductedaseriesofexperimentsinvolvingmorethan1,000participants.Theexperimentsweredesignedtomakepeoplefeelacertainemotionbylookingatpictures,thengivingthemataskorchallengetodo.Acrossalltheexperiments,researchersfoundangerimprovedtheparticipants’abilitytoreachchallenginggoalscomparedtoaneutralemotionalcondition.Incertainexperiments,amusementordesirewerealsoassociatedwithincreasedgoalattainment,butangerwasassociatedwithincreasedsuccessacrosstheboard.Theresearchteambelievethatwhenpeoplewereangrytheyspentmoretimeworkingonchallenginggoalsthanthosewhodidnotandtheyweremorelikelytosucceed.Butinalltheotheremotionalstates,whentheypersisted(堅持),theyweremorelikelytofail.Soitseemstosuggestthatpeoplewerepersistentmoreeffectivelywhentheywereangry.NYUpsychologistDr.Diaz,however,challengedthestudyfinding.“Angercanbeamotivator.Butifapersonstaysangryforextendedperiodsoftime,thatisnothelpfulorhealthyatall,”Diazsays.“Weoftensayangerturnedinwardisdepression,andwedefinitelyseethiswhenpeoplestruggletomanagetheirangeroverlongperiodsoftime.So,angercanbepositiveforshortwavesofmotivation,butlongperiodsofitcanreallyturnapersonunhealthy.”32.Whatdoesfunctionalismsuggestabouthumanemotions?A.Theyareinterchangeable. B.Theyreflectpeople’ssituations.C.Theyfacilitateadaptiveresponses. D.Theycontributetopeople’swell-being.33.Whatdidtheresearcherswanttolookat?A.Anger’smotivationaleffects. B.Anger’sperceptualimpact.C.Angerexpressionmechanism. D.Emotionregulationstrategies.34.Whatispresentedinparagraph5?A.Thepowerofbeingpersistent. B.Thekeytoachievingchallenginggoals.C.Aninterpretationoftheresearchresults. D.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.35.WhatdoesDr.Diazthinkoftheresearchresults?A.Theyarehighlyconvincing. B.Theyarehardtounderstand.C.Theylackanunderlyinglogic. D.Theyhavelimitedimplications.【答案】32.C33.A34.C35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是憤怒這一負(fù)面情緒在實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)過程中的作用?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“However,functionalismsuggeststhatallemotions,goodorbad,arereactionstoeventswithinaperson’senvironmentandservethepurposeofalerting(使警覺)thatpersontoimportantsituationsthatrequireactions.Eachemotionmaycallforadifferentresponse.(然而，功能主義認(rèn)為，所有的情緒，無論是好是壞，都是對一個人所處環(huán)境中的事件的反應(yīng)，其目的是提醒這個人注意需要采取行動的重要情況。每種情緒可能需要不同的反應(yīng))”可知，功能主義暗示了人類情感促進(jìn)適應(yīng)性反應(yīng)。故選C。【33題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Tobetterunderstandtheroleofangerinachievinggoals,researchersconductedaseriesofexperimentsinvolvingmorethan1,000participants.(為了更好地理解憤怒在實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)中的作用，研究人員進(jìn)行了一系列涉及1000多名參與者的實驗)”可知，研究人員想研究憤怒的激勵作用。故選A?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Theresearchteambelievethatwhenpeoplewereangrytheyspentmoretimeworkingonchallenginggoalsthanthosewhodidnotandtheyweremorelikelytosucceed.Butinalltheotheremotionalstates,whentheypersisted(堅持),theyweremorelikelytofail.Soitseemstosuggestthatpeoplewerepersistentmoreeffectivelywhentheywereangry.(研究團(tuán)隊認(rèn)為，當(dāng)人們處于憤怒狀態(tài)時，相比那些沒有憤怒情緒的人，他們會花更多時間致力于挑戰(zhàn)性目標(biāo)，而且更有可能取得成功。然而，在所有其他情緒狀態(tài)下，當(dāng)人們堅持下去時，卻更有可能失敗。因此，這似乎表明人們在憤怒時能更有效地保持堅持)”可知，第5段提出了對研究結(jié)果的解釋。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Butifapersonstaysangryforextendedperiodsoftime,thatisnothelpfulorhealthyatall(但是，如果一個人長時間保持憤怒，那是沒有幫助的，也根本不健康)”和“So,angercanbepositiveforshortwavesofmotivation,butlongperiodsofitcanreallyturnapersonunhealthy.(所以，憤怒對短期的激勵可能是積極的，但長時間的憤怒真的會讓一個人變得不健康)”可推知，Dr.Diaz認(rèn)為研究結(jié)果的影響有限。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Sittingabadexamcanbedisheartening.Itcanbedifficultforyoustudentstoknowhowtodealwiththesituation.Herearethestrategieswesuggestforstudentswhohavejusthadabadexam.Letyouremotionsout.Itisimportantthatyoudealwithandacceptthesituation,insteadofavoidingit.Therefore,lettingoutyouremotionsbycryingorbeingangryforabitcanbebeneficial.____36____Talkingwithparents,teachersorfriendscanhelpthemgetthroughthedisappointmentofabadexam.Taketimeforyou.Resultsdaycanbeoverwhelmingandbringupalotofemotions.It’simportanttotakesometimetorelaxandunwindfromitall.Dosomethingyouenjoyliketakingawalk,readingabookorlisteningtomusic.____37____Puttingpentopapercanhelpyoutakeastepbackandgainperspective.____38____Yourresultsdon’tdefineyou,yourcapabilitiesoryourworth.Lifeisfullofups,downs,andchallenges.Inthegrandvisionofyourfuture,theseresultsareameresteppingstonetowhatyoucanachieve.Staypositiveandstaymotivated.It’seasytogetdiscouragedafterreceivingabadgrade,butit’simportanttostaypositiveandmotivated.Don’tletthesetbackdefineyouracademicjourney.____39____Surroundyourselfwithsupportivefriends,family,ormentorswhocanprovideencouragementandmotivation.Turnfailureintosuccess.____40____Oneofthemostimportantstepstotakeafterabadexamisreflectingonwhatwentwrong.Youcandothisbyaskingyourselves:“WhatwouldIdodifferentlynexttime?”Usingthisquestionwillhelpyougainasenseofcontroloverthesituationandboostyourconfidenceforyournextexam.A.Rememberthebiggerpicture.B.Itmighthelptowritethemdown.C.Failureandsetbacksarelearningopportunities.D.Usepositiveself-talkstoboostyourmotivation.E.Instead,useitasafueltoworkharderandsmarter.F.Theycanalsoguideyouonhowtoimproveinthefuture.G.Itisalsoimportantthatyoushareyourworrieswithothers.【答案】36.G37.B38.A39.E40.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是考試失利后的心理調(diào)適與行動策略。【36題詳析】空前“Itisimportantthatyoudealwithandacceptthesituation,insteadofavoidingit.Therefore,lettingoutyouremotionsbycryingorbeingangryforabitcanbebeneficial.(重要的是你要處理和接受這種情況，而不是逃避它。因此，通過哭泣或生氣來發(fā)泄情緒是有益的。)”說明發(fā)泄情緒很重要，空后“Talkingwithparents,teachersorfriendscanhelpthemgetthroughthedisappointmentofabadexam.(與父母，老師或朋友交談可以幫助他們度過考試失敗的失望。)”說明與父母，老師或朋友交談的好處，可見與這些人分享是重要的，G選項“Itisalsoimportantthatyoushareyourworrieswithothers.(與他人分享你的煩惱也很重要。)”說明了分享煩惱也是