高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省宿遷市沭陽縣2024-2025學年高二下學期期中英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩小節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，共37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。A2025SingaporeBrushandPenCalligraphyGrandCompetitionWelcometotakepartin2025SingaporeBrushandPenCalligraphyGrandCompetition.Inthefollowingaresomerelevantdetailsforyou!ObjectiveTopromotepublicandstudents’interestintheartofcalligraphy.CategoryThereare4categories.Eachcategoryhasabrushandpencompetitionrespectively,makingatotalof8groups:●OPENCategory:OpentoUniversityStudentsandthePublicabove18years.Participantscanuseanystyleofwritingscript(字體).●PRE-UCategory:ForStudentsinJuniorCollege,Institutions,andArtSchool.Participantscanuseregularandrunningwritingscript.●SECONDARYCategory:ForStudentsinSecondarySchoolsandInstituteofTechnicalEducation.Participantscanonlyuseregularwritingscript●PRIMARYCategory:ForStudentsinPrimarySchools.Participantscanonlyuseregularwritingscript.PreliminaryRound(預賽)●OfficialEntryForm:TheofficialentryformmustbeattachedtothebackoftheArtwork.Itcanbeobtainedfrom.sg.●DateofEntries:Participantsmustsubmitentriesbefore2:00pm,21stApril2025.To:SingaporeCalligraphyCentreat48WaterlooStreet,Singapore187952●Finalists’ResultAnnouncementDate:13thMay2025ResultswillbepostedonSCC’swebsiteGrandFinal●Place:AlbertPedestrianMall,WaterlooStreet●DateandTime:From8:30am,9thJune2025WritingToolsFinalistsshouldbringtheirownbrushandtools.Officialwritingpaperwillbesuppliedbytheorganizer.Finalistsareallowedtobringtheirowndictionarycopybookforreference.Prize-GivingCeremonySameDate/Place(9thJune2025)at11:30am1.Whichcategoryshouldartschoolstudentsenter?A.OPENCategory. B.PRE-UCategory.C.PRIMARYCategory. D.SECONDARYCategory.2.Whenisthefinaleventscheduled?A.On21stApril. B.On13thMay.C.On9thJune. D.On10thJune.3.Whatwillbeprovidedbytheorganizersinthefinal?A.Thebrush. B.Acopybook. C.Writingpaper. D.Adictionary.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文，主要介紹了2025年新加坡毛筆和鋼筆書法大賽的比賽細則，包括參賽類別、預賽流程、決賽安排、工具要求及頒獎典禮等信息。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Category部分中“PRE-UCategory:ForStudentsinJuniorCollege,Institutions,andArtSchool.Participantscanuseregularandrunningwritingscript.(PRE-U類別：面向大專、院校、藝術(shù)院校學生。參與者可以使用常規(guī)和運行的書寫腳本。)”可知，藝術(shù)學校的學生應該參加PRE-UCategory類別比賽。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GrandFinal部分中“DateandTime:From8:30am,9thJune2025(日期和時間：2025年6月9日上午8:30開始)”可知，決賽定于6月9日。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WritingTools部分中“Officialwritingpaperwillbesuppliedbytheorganizer.(正式信紙由主辦單位提供。)”可知，主辦方將在決賽中提供書寫紙。故選C。BWhenmysonstartedpreschool,Irealizedhewasdifferent.Almosteverymorningatdrop-off,hewouldholdontomyleguntilIcouldfreemyselfandrunawayfeelingguilty.Isoonlearnedthathespentmostdayswithhisheadonhisdesk,refusingtospeakormakeeyecontactwithanyone.However,hehadnoproblemspeakingathome,whichpuzzledme.Itwasn’tlongbeforehewasdiagnosedwithselectivemutism(SM),arareformofanxietycharacterizedbytheinabilitytospeakincertainsituations.Forachildlikehim,schoolandothersocialsituationscanbeespeciallystressful,whichexplainedwhymysondidn’twantmetoleavehimthere.Iwentintofullmamabearmode.Eachyear,Iwroteadetailedemailtohisclassroomteacherbeforethestartofschool,givingtheminformationonhowtodealwithhiminclass.Butinalargepublicschool,withnearly40kidsperclassandonlyonecounselor(顧問)todealwitheverything,myemailsoftenwentignored,andmysonrarelyreceivedthesupportheneeded.AndwhenIturnedtotheadministration,theysuggestedwefindanotherschool.However,mysonbeggedmetokeephiminthesameschoolwithhisoldersister,insistingifhehadtogotoschool,helikedknowingshewasinthebuilding.Againstourbetterjudgment,wedecidedtotrusthimandlethimlead.Tooursurprise,hiscompetitivenaturemadehimadeterminedstudent,andhisgradesreflectedhiseffort.Becauseofhisspirit,Ibecameapositiveadvocateforhim,sodidhisfourth-gradeteacher.Afterconstantefforts,wecameupwithsolutionsthatmetthecurriculumwithinhislevelofcomfort.Now,heisstillalittlenervousaboutschool,butI’mlessanxiousknowinghehasthetoolsandthesupportheneedstocope.Hefeelsempoweredtoemailhisteachersandaskforhelpoutsideofclass.He’splayingsoccerwithateamofboyshecallshis“friends”.Andforthefirsttimeinalongtime,heletgoofmyleg,wavedgoodbyeandwalkedintotheschoolbuildingtofacetheday.4.Whatinitiallyworriedthemotheraboutherson?A.Hisphysicalhealthcondition. B.Hisconflictswithclassmates.C.Hispooracademicperformance. D.Hissocialcommunicationdifficulties.5.Whatcausedtheschool’sinadequatesupport?A.Thechild’srefusaltocooperate. B.Parents’unrealisticexpectations.C.Crowdedclassesandstaffshortages. D.Teachers’lackofprofessionaltraining.6.Whichqualitybestdescribesthemother?A.Strictbutpatient. B.Overprotectivebutkind.C.Passionateandrespectful. D.Determinedandoptimistic.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MotherandSon:PartnersinGrowth.B.UnconditionalLoveDefeatingChildhoodAnxiety.C.SchoolChallengesforSelectiveMutismKids.D.SilentStruggle:ASpecialEducationJourney.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者兒子被診斷患有選擇性緘默癥，在學校面臨困境，最終在自身努力和各方支持下取得進步的故事?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Isoonlearnedthathespentmostdayswithhisheadonhisdesk,refusingtospeakormakeeyecontactwithanyone.(我很快就了解到，他大部分時間都把頭靠在桌子上，拒絕與任何人說話或進行眼神交流。)”可知，最初讓母親擔心的是她兒子的社交困難。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Butinalargepublicschool,withnearly40kidsperclassandonlyonecounselor(顧問)todealwitheverything,myemailsoftenwentignored,andmysonrarelyreceivedthesupportheneeded.(但在一所大型公立學校，每個班有近40個孩子，只有一個輔導員處理所有事情，我的電子郵件經(jīng)常被忽視，我兒子很少得到他需要的支持。)”可知，班級擁擠，人員短缺導致了學校的支持不足。故選C。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Becauseofhisspirit,Ibecameapositiveadvocateforhim,sodidhisfourth-gradeteacher.Afterconstantefforts,wecameupwithsolutionsthatmetthecurriculumwithinhislevelofcomfort.(由于他的這種精神，我成了他堅定的支持者，他四年級的老師也是如此。經(jīng)過不懈的努力，我們想出了既能滿足課程要求，又在他舒適程度范圍內(nèi)的解決方案。)”可知，作者很堅定；根據(jù)最后一段“Now,heisstillalittlenervousaboutschool,butI’mlessanxiousknowinghehasthetoolsandthesupportheneedstocope.(現(xiàn)在，他對學校仍然有點緊張，但我知道他有了應對需要的工具和支持，我就不那么焦慮了。)”可知，作者是樂觀的，因此可用determined和optimistic描寫這位母親，故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“Itwasn’tlongbeforehewasdiagnosedwithselectivemutism(SM),arareformofanxietycharacterizedbytheinabilitytospeakincertainsituations.(不久之后，他被診斷出患有選擇性緘默癥（SM），這是一種罕見的焦慮癥，其特征是在某些情況下無法說話。)”，倒數(shù)第二段“Afterconstantefforts,wecameupwithsolutionsthatmetthecurriculumwithinhislevelofcomfort.(經(jīng)過不斷的努力，我們想出了在他滿意的范圍內(nèi)滿足課程的解決方案。)”和最后一段“He’splayingsoccerwithateamofboyshecallshis“friends”.Andforthefirsttimeinalongtime,heletgoofmyleg,wavedgoodbyeandwalkedintotheschoolbuildingtofacetheday.(他正在和一群他稱之為“朋友”的男孩踢足球。這么長時間以來，他第一次放開了我的腿，揮手告別，走進學校大樓，面對新的一天。)”可知，本文主要講的是作者兒子被診斷患有選擇性緘默癥，在學校面臨困境，最終在自身努力和各方支持下取得進步的故事，因此最好的題目是B選項“UnconditionalLoveDefeatingChildhoodAnxiety(無條件的愛戰(zhàn)勝童年的焦慮)”。故選B。COnawindyday,40middleschoolstudentsstandbytheHarlemRiverinNewYorkCity.Theirteacher,Mr.White,pullsametalcageoutoftheriver.Insideareclustersofoysters(牡蠣).Thelasttimetheywerehere,theoysterswerebabies.Thestudents’jobistomeasurehowmuchtheoystershavegrownandtesttheriverwaterforpollutants.TheywillreporttheirfindingstoresearchersattheBillionOysterProject(BOP).Whyworksohard?Tomakethecity’swaterwayshealthyagain.Oystersareimportantfortheunderwatercommunitytheysharewithplants,fish,andotherlife.Sotheyarealsocalledakeystonespecies.Ifakeystonespeciesdisappears,otherplantsandanimalsmaydieout.That’sexactlywhathappened100yearsagoinNewYorkHarbor.Beforethen,lotsofoysterslivedhere.Theoystersweredelicious—maybetoodelicious.Bytheearly1900s,peoplewereeatingthemfasterthantheycouldgrow.Theoysterswereintroubleforanotherreason.Pollutionwaspouringintothewatersofthegrowingcity,andfewtypesofanimalscouldliveinit.Sincethe1970s,newlawshavehelpedreducepoisonouswaste.Somefishstartedtoswimthroughagain.Butoysterswerestillmissing—untilrecently.TheBOPbeganin2014tohelpbringoystersbacktoNewYorkHarbor.Sofar,studentsandvolunteershaveplacedabout25,000,000oystersintotheharbor.“Theoystersdefinitelylookmuchbiggernow,”saysastudentnamedKelly.Takingturns,thekidsmeasurealltheoysters,thencomparenotes.Thebiggestoysterisover2incheslong,muchbiggerthanahealthysizeforitsage.Asmoreoystersgrow,thewatershouldbecomeclearer.Also,otheranimalsshouldmovein.Finally,thestudentsputtheoystersbackinthecage.Mr.Whitelowersitintotheriver.Whentheoystersarebigenough,theywillbemovedtothemiddleoftheharbor.Fortoday,everyoneagrees:thefutureislookingbrightforNewYorkHarbor.8.Whydostudentsexamineoystersintheriver?A.Tocatchpollutedfish. B.Totestnewwaterfilters.C.Tostudyoystereatinghabits. D.ToreportgrowthdatatoBOP.9.Whatmakesoystersakeystonespecies?A.Theycleanwaterfastest. B.Theyresistallpollutants.C.Theysupportunderwaterlife. D.Theyattractscientificinterest.10.Whatcausedoysters’nearextinction?A.Newenvironmentallaws. B.Lackofstudentvolunteers.C.Risingwatertemperatures. D.Over-consumptionandpollution.11.WhatbestdescribestheoutlookforNewYorkHarbor?A.Uncertaindespiteefforts. B.Riskyforstudents’safety.C.Disappointingwithslowresults. D.Hopefulduetovisibleprogress.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了紐約市的港灣里重新出現(xiàn)的牡蠣對重建健康的海底生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的幫助?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thestudents’jobistomeasurehowmuchtheoystershavegrownandtesttheriverwaterforpollutants.TheywillreporttheirfindingstoresearchersattheBillionOysterProject(BOP).(學生們的工作是測量牡蠣的生長情況，并檢測河流水體中的污染物含量。他們將把研究結(jié)果報告給“十億牡蠣項目”（BOP）的研究人員)”可知，學生們在河里對牡蠣進行檢查是為了向BOP報告生長數(shù)據(jù)。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Oystersareimportantfortheunderwatercommunitytheysharewithplants,fish,andotherlife.Sotheyarealsocalledakeystonespecies.Ifakeystonespeciesdisappears,otherplantsandanimalsmaydieout.(牡蠣對于與之共存的植物、魚類及其他生物所構(gòu)成的水下生態(tài)系統(tǒng)來說至關(guān)重要。因此，它們也被稱作“關(guān)鍵物種”。如果這種關(guān)鍵物種消失，其他植物和動物可能會隨之滅絕)”可知，牡蠣成為關(guān)鍵物種是因為它們能維系水下的生態(tài)平衡。故選C。【10題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Bytheearly1900s,peoplewereeatingthemfasterthantheycouldgrow.(到了20世紀初，人們對其的食用速度超過了其生長速度)”以及第四段“Pollutionwaspouringintothewatersofthegrowingcity,andfewtypesofanimalscouldliveinit.(不斷發(fā)展的城市水域中不斷有污染物涌入，而很少有種類的動物能夠生存于此)”可知，導致牡蠣瀕臨滅絕的原因是過度捕撈和污染。故選D。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Asmoreoystersgrow,thewatershouldbecomeclearer.Also,otheranimalsshouldmovein.Finally,thestudentsputtheoystersbackinthecage.Mr.Whitelowersitintotheriver.Whentheoystersarebigenough,theywillbemovedtothemiddleoftheharbor.Fortoday,everyoneagrees:thefutureislookingbrightforNewYorkHarbor.(隨著越來越多的牡蠣生長，河水應該會變得更清澈。此外，其他生物也會陸續(xù)遷入。最后，學生們把牡蠣放回了籠子里。懷特先生將籠子放入河中。當牡蠣長得足夠大時，它們就會被移到港口的中央。對于今天而言，每個人都一致認為：紐約港的未來一片光明)”可知，紐約港的前景因為取得了明顯的進展，所以充滿希望。故選D。DExpertsoftenrecommendthatpeoplespecializeinonefieldofworktomaximizetheirchancesofsuccess.Yetourrecentlypublishedresearchindicatesthatsuccessfulinnovatorstakeabroaderpath.WelookedatthecareersofNobelPrizewinners,whoarearguablyamongthemostinnovativepeopleintheworld.Wefoundthattheyareunusuallylikelytobewhatwecall“creativepolymaths.”Thatis,theypurposelyintegrateformalandinformalexpertisefromwidelyvarieddisciplinestoproducenewandusefulideasandpractices.HerbertSimonwontheNobelPrizeineconomicsin1978forhispioneeringresearchintothedecision-makingprocesswithineconomicorganizations.BeyondSimon’sscholarlywork,hisadditionalinterestsincludedpianoplaying,musicalcomposition,drawing,paintingandchess.Heoftenreferredtotheintellectualexcitement,emotionalpleasureandnovelinsightshedrewfromintegratinghismanyhobbieswithhiswork.ChristianeNüsslein-Volhardcombinedanequallydiverserangeofskillstowinthe1995NobelPrizeinphysiologyormedicine,whichwasawardedforherdiscoveriesconcerningearlyembryonic(胚胎的)development.Asasciencestudent,Nüsslein-Volhardtriedphysics,physicalchemistryandbiochemistrybeforesettlingonembryology.Sheadvisedscholarstobecomesimilarlybroad.“Youshould,asfaraspossible,avoidmainstreamareasandchangefieldsafteryourPh.D.inordertobeabletoworkonanoriginal,self-selectedtopic,”shesaid.In2024,theNobelPrizeinphysicswasawardedtoJohnJ.Hopfield,whoexemplifiesapolymathicapproachbyintegratingbiology,physics,andneuroscience(神經(jīng)科學)todevelopmodelsthatenablemachinelearningwithartificialneuralnetworks.Inourview,anincreasinglycomplexanddiverseworldneedsnotonlyspecializedexpertsbutalsocreativegeneralists—thepolymathictypeswhospecializeinthebreadthandintegrationthatdriveknowledgebeyondwhatpeoplealreadybelieveispossible.12.Whatdoes“creativepolymaths”underlinedinparagraph2referto?A.Individualswhocombinevariedexpertise.B.Individualswhopursueanunusualcareer.C.Individualswhounderstandallaboutonesubject.D.Individualswhoknowabitofeverythingbutmasternone.13.WhatmightHerbertSimonconsiderhishobbies?A.Relaxationsbeyondhisbusylife.B.Inspirationsforhisprofessionalwork.C.Expressionsofhishighintelligence.D.Meanstoconnectwithlike-mindedfriends.14.WhatdidChristianeNüsslein-Volhardsuggestscholarsdo?A.GetaPh.D.degree. B.Engagewithseveraljobs.C.Digintounderexploredareas. D.Divedeepintoaresearchfield.15.Whydidtheauthorwritethetext?A.Toclarifyaconcept. B.Topresentanargument.C.Toinformanewresearchfinding. D.ToapplaudsomeNobelwinners’work.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了盡管專家常建議人們專注于一個工作領域以最大化成功機會，但最新研究表明，成功的創(chuàng)新者往往采取更廣泛的路徑，成為“博學多才的創(chuàng)造者”。【12題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Thatis,theypurposelyintegrateformalandinformalexpertisefromwidelyvarieddisciplinestoproducenewandusefulideasandpractices.(也就是說，他們有意地整合來自廣泛不同學科的正式和非正式的專業(yè)知識，以產(chǎn)生新的和有用的想法和實踐。)”可知，第二段所強調(diào)的creativepolymaths指的是綜合各種專業(yè)知識的人。故選A?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Heoftenreferredtotheintellectualexcitement,emotionalpleasureandnovelinsightshedrewfromintegratinghismanyhobbieswithhiswork.(他經(jīng)常提到，他將自己的許多愛好與工作結(jié)合起來，從中獲得了智力上的興奮、情感上的愉悅和新穎的見解。)”可知，HerbertSimon認為他的愛好是他專業(yè)工作的靈感。故選B?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Youshould,asfaraspossible,avoidmainstreamareasandchangefieldsafteryourPh.D.inordertobeabletoworkonanoriginal,self-selectedtopic,(你應該盡可能地避開主流領域，在獲得博士學位后換一個領域，以便能夠研究一個原創(chuàng)的、自我選擇的主題)”可知，ChristianeNüsslein-Volhard建議學者們挖掘未被開發(fā)的領域。故選C。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Expertsoftenrecommendthatpeoplespecializeinonefieldofworktomaximizetheirchancesofsuccess.Yetourrecentlypublishedresearchindicatesthatsuccessfulinnovatorstakeabroaderpath.(專家們經(jīng)常建議人們專注于一個工作領域，以最大限度地提高他們成功的機會。然而，我們最近發(fā)表的研究表明，成功的創(chuàng)新者走的是更廣闊的道路。)”可知，本文主要介紹了盡管專家常建議人們專注于一個工作領域以最大化成功機會，但最新研究表明，成功的創(chuàng)新者往往采取更廣泛的路徑，成為“博學多才的創(chuàng)造者”，因此本文的目的是告知一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Yourimmunesystemoperatesinaverydelicatebalance.Itmustbestrongandcomplicatedenoughtofightoffavarietyofillnessesandinfections,butnotsostrongthatitoverreactsunnecessarily.Toachievethis,therearethingsyoucandotohelpgiveyourimmunesystemwhatitneedstofunctionatitsbest.____16____Maintainahealthydiet.____17____Thismeansmakingsureyoueatplentyofvegetables,fruits,nuts,proteins,healthyfats,etc.“Whenyourbodyhassufficientamountsofthemicronutrientsfoundinthesefoods,ithelpstomaintainyourimmunesystem’shomeostasis(體內(nèi)穩(wěn)態(tài)),”saysDr.ChenLin,anAllergyandImmunologyspecialist.Exerciseregularly.“Moderate-intensityexercisehelpsenhanceimmunesurveillance(監(jiān)視),”explainsDr.Lin.Youcanthinkofimmunesurveillanceasamonitoringprocessofyourimmunesystem.____18____Thismeansit’simportanttofocusonstayingactiveandgettingregularexercise.Getplentyofsleep.Sleepcertainlydoesn’tfeellikeanactiveprocess.____19____“Sleepisimportantfortheimmunesystem’shomeostasis,”saysDr.Lin.Togiveyourimmunesystemthebestchancetofightoffinfectionandillness,it’simportanttogetsufficienthoursofhigh-qualitysleeponaregularscheduleeverynight.Minimizestress.Stresscanpotentiallyhaveasecondaryimpactonhowwellyourimmunesystemfunctionsifitleadstosleepdisturbances,reducedwaterintake,lessfrequentexerciseandmore.____20____Whetherit’sdeepbreathing,meditation(冥想)orexercise,youshouldgetfamiliarwiththeactivitiesthathelpyoureducestress.A.Awell-balanceddietiskeytoastrongimmunesystem.B.Stressisdifferentforeveryone,andhowwerelieveitdifferstoo.C.Nowlet’sexplorewhyastrongimmunesystemcanhelpyoustayhealthy.D.Andexercisehelpsimmunecellsbemoreefficientatdetectingandreactingtoinfection.E.Waterplaysmanyimportantrolesinyourbody,includingsupportingyourimmunesystem.F.Hereareafewscience-backedwaystobuildandmaintainastrong,healthyimmunesystem.G.However,thereareplentyofimportantthingshappeninginyourbodywhenyou’renotawake.【答案】16.F17.A18.D19.G20.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是幫助免疫系統(tǒng)達到最佳功能狀態(tài)的方法?！?6題詳析】空前“Toachievethis,therearethingsyoucandotohelpgiveyourimmunesystemwhatitneedstofunctionatitsbest.(為了達到這個目的，你可以做一些事情來幫助你的免疫系統(tǒng)發(fā)揮最佳功能。)”可知，有一些事情可以幫助發(fā)揮系統(tǒng)的功能，由空后的小標題可知，接下來要講一些方法，F(xiàn)選項“Hereareafewscience-backedwaystobuildandmaintainastrong,healthyimmunesystem.(這里有一些有科學依據(jù)的方法來建立和維持一個強大、健康的免疫系統(tǒng)。)”說明了接下來要講一些建立強大的免疫系統(tǒng)的方法，承上啟下，符合語境，故選F。【17題詳析】本段小標題是“Maintainahealthydiet.(保持健康的飲食。)”，因此本段主要是關(guān)于飲食的，因此空格處也是關(guān)于飲食的，A選項“Awell-balanceddietiskeytoastrongimmunesystem.(均衡的飲食是強健免疫系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵。)”強調(diào)了飲食的重要性，因此符合本段語境，故選A。【18題詳析】空前““Moderate-intensityexercisehelpsenhanceimmunesurveillance(監(jiān)視),”explainsDr.Lin.(“中等強度的運動有助于增強免疫監(jiān)視，”林博士解釋說。)”說明了鍛煉和運動的重要性，D選項“Andexercisehelpsimmunecellsbemoreefficientatdetectingandreactingtoinfection.(鍛煉有助于免疫細胞更有效地檢測和應對感染。)”說明了鍛煉的重要性，承接上文，符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳析】空前“Sleepcertainlydoesn’tfeellikeanactiveprocess.(睡眠當然不像是一個活躍的過程。)”說明了睡眠不是一個活躍的過程，空后“Sleepisimportantfortheimmunesystem’shomeostasis(睡眠對免疫系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)很重要)”說明了睡眠的重要性，G選項“However,thereareplentyofimportantthingshappeninginyourbodywhenyou’renotawake.(然而，當你不醒著的時候，你的身體會發(fā)生很多重要的事情。)”也說明了睡覺時身體會發(fā)生很多重要的事情，突出了睡眠的重要性，符合本段語境，故選G?！?0題詳析】空前“Stresscanpotentiallyhaveasecondaryimpactonhowwellyourimmunesystemfunctionsifitleadstosleepdisturbances,reducedwaterintake,lessfrequentexerciseandmore.(如果壓力導致睡眠障礙、飲水減少、運動頻率降低等等，它可能會對免疫系統(tǒng)的功能產(chǎn)生潛在的二次影響。)”說明了壓力對人的弊端，空格處應該講緩解壓力相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，B選項“Stressisdifferentforeveryone,andhowwerelieveitdifferstoo.(每個人的壓力都不一樣，我們緩解壓力的方式也不一樣。)”說明了我們緩解壓力的方法不一樣，承接上文，符合語境，故選B。第三部分語言運用(共二節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ThreeyearsagoIwastravelingthroughGeorgiawithmyfamily.Weleftthecartovisita____21____overlookingamountainpass.Severalotherpeoplewerethere,takingpicturesofthebeautiful____22____andIsawthatonewomanwas____23____withalargebouquet(花束)ofbeautifulpurplewildflowers.Itrulylikedthem,andwentuptohertosayhow____24____theywere.Itwasallsheneededtohear.However,she____25____togivemetheflowers,sothatIcouldtakeapicturewiththemtoo.Hergesturewasextremely____26____,andIsmiledhappilyasmymom____27____ourcamera.Yetthisstranger’skindnessdidnot____28____there:thewomaninsistedthatIkeeptheflowerswithme,and____29____totakethemback.Shesawthattheybroughtmejoy,andwantedto____30____tomyhappiness.Peopleusuallyreceiveflowersfromlovedones,andit’ssoamazingly____31____toreceivethemfromastranger!Theflowersdriedupattheendoftheday,butthe____32____willstaywithmeforever.Thissimplegiftbecameapowerful____33____ofthegoodnesspeoplecanshowtowardsothers.I____34____alotofpeopleonthattripyearsago,butthefactthatIstill____35____thiswomanandtheflowersshowsthatasimplegesturecantrulygoalongway.21.A.workplace B.homeland C.viewpoint D.supermarket22.A.building B.scenery C.garden D.creature23.A.posing B.advertising C.drawing D.replying24.A.strange B.familiar C.costly D.lovely25.A.pretended B.ceased C.offered D.demanded26.A.brave B.kind C.funny D.clever27.A.showedoff B.leftbehind C.pickedup D.lookedover28.A.end B.go C.wait D.help29.A.happened B.struggled C.planned D.refused30.A.compare B.contribute C.refer D.apply31.A.simple B.practical C.convenient D.precious32.A.dream B.memory C.destination D.purpose33.A.reminder B.predictor C.supporter D.collector34.A.saved B.prevented C.passed D.paid35.A.remember B.imagine C.observe D.expect【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.C26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.D32.B33.A34.C35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者旅行中偶遇善意陌生人贈花的美好經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們把車停下，去參觀一個俯瞰山口的觀景點。A.workplace工作場所；B.homeland祖國；C.viewpoint觀景點；D.supermarket超市。根據(jù)上文“ThreeyearsagoIwastravelingthroughGeorgiawithmyfamily.”和下文“overlookingamountainpass”可知，此處指作者旅行中去參觀一個俯瞰山口的觀景點。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其他幾個人也在那里，拍著美麗的風景，我看到一個女人拿著一大束美麗的紫色野花擺姿勢。A.building建筑；B.scenery風景；C.garden花園；D.creature生物。根據(jù)上文“overlookingamountainpass.Severalotherpeoplewerethere,takingpicturesofthebeautiful”可知，其他幾個人也在那里，拍著美麗的風景。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.posing擺姿勢；B.advertising打廣告；C.drawing畫畫；D.replying回復。根據(jù)上文“takingpictures”和下文“withalargebouquetofbeautifulpurplewildflowers”可知，女人拿著一大束美麗的紫色野花擺姿勢拍照。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的很喜歡它們，就走過去告訴她它們有多可愛。A.strange奇怪的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.costly昂貴的；D.lovely可愛的。根據(jù)上文“Itrulylikedthem”可知，作者走過去告訴她這些花有多可愛。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她主動提出要把花給我，這樣我也可以拿著它們拍照了。A.pretended假裝；B.ceased停止；C.offered主動提出；D.demanded要求。根據(jù)下文“togivemetheflowers,sothatIcouldtakeapicturewiththemtoo”可知，她主動提出要把花給作者。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的舉動非常友善，我媽媽拿起相機時，我開心地笑了。A.brave勇敢的；B.kind善良的，友善的；C.funny有趣的；D.clever聰明的。根據(jù)上文“givemetheflowers,sothatIcouldtakeapicturewiththemtoo.”可知，她主動提出要把花給作者，這一舉動非常友善。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.showedoff炫耀；B.leftbehind留下；C.pickedup拿起；D.lookedover檢查。根據(jù)下文“ourcamera”可知，媽媽拿起相機拍照。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這位陌生人的善意并沒有就此結(jié)束：這位女士堅持讓我把花帶在身邊，并拒絕把它們拿回去。A.end結(jié)束；B.go去；C.wait等待；D.help幫助。根據(jù)下文“thewomaninsistedthatIkeeptheflowerswithme”可知，這位女士堅持讓作者把花帶在身邊，所以這位陌生人的善意并沒有就此結(jié)束。故選A。【29題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.happened發(fā)生；B.struggled掙扎；C.planned計劃；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)上文“thewomaninsistedthatIkeeptheflowerswithme”可知，這位女士拒絕把花拿回去。故選D。【30題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她看到它們給我?guī)砹丝鞓?，想增加我的快樂。A.compare比較；B.contribute貢獻，增加；C.refer參考；D.apply申請。根據(jù)上文“Shesawthattheybroughtmejoy,andwantedto”和下文“tomyhappiness”可知，女人看到花給作者帶來快樂，于是把花送給作者，想增加作者的快樂。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：人們通常從親人那里收到鮮花，而從陌生人那里收到鮮花是如此珍貴！A.simple簡單的；B.practical實際的；C.convenient方便的；D.precious珍貴的。根據(jù)上文“Peopleusuallyreceiveflowersfromlovedones,andit’ssoamazingly”可知，從陌生人那里收到鮮花是如此珍貴。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那天結(jié)束時，花枯萎了，但記憶將永遠留在我的心中。A.dream夢想；B.memory記憶；C.destination目的地；D.purpose目的。根據(jù)下文“willstaywithmeforever”可知，記憶將永遠留在作者的心中。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個簡單的禮物成為了人們向他人展示善意的有力提醒。A.reminder提醒；B.predictor預測者；C.supporter支持者；D.collector收藏家。根據(jù)下文“ofthegoodnesspeoplecanshowtowardsothers”可知，這個簡單的禮物成為了人們向他人展示善意的有力提醒。故選A。【34題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在多年前的那次旅行中，我從很多人旁走過，但我仍然記得這位女士和她的花，這表明一個簡單的舉動真的可以產(chǎn)生深遠的影響。A.saved拯救；B.prevented阻止；C.passed通過，走過；D.paid支付。根據(jù)下文“alotofpeopleonthattripyearsago”可知，在多年前的那次旅行中，作者遇到了很多人，從很多人旁走過。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.remember記得；B.imagine想象；C.observe觀察；D.expect期待。根據(jù)下文“thiswomanandtheflowers”可知，作者仍然記得這位女士和她的花。故選A。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Goubulistuffedbuns(狗不理包子)areoneofthemostfamoustraditionalfoodsinChina,originatingfromTianjin.DuringtheQingDynasty,acoupleinWuqingCounty,Tianjin,____36____(hope)forasafeandhappylifefortheironlyson,GaoGuiyou,andnicknamedhimGouzi.At____37____ageof14,Gouzistartedworkinginasteamedbunshopandlearnedhowtomakestuffedbuns.Threeyears____38____(late),heopenedhisownbunshop____39____(name)Dejuhao.Hewas____40____(create)andhardworking,makingbunswithjuicyfillingsand____41____(use)half-leaveneddough(半發(fā)面).Hisbunsweresoft,tender,andbeautifullyshaped____42____whitechrysanthemums(菊花).PeoplefromalloverTianjincametotastehisbuns.Gouziwastoobusywithhisbusiness____43____(chat)withhiscustomers.Asaresult,people____44____(joking)saidthat“Gouzisellsbunsandignorespeople”.Eventually,everyonebegantocallhisbuns“Goubuli”.Today,itisasymbolofTianjin’sculture_____45_____amust-trydishforanyonevisitingChina.【答案】36.hoped37.the38.later39.named40.creative41.using42.like43.tochat44.jokingly45.and【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了清朝時天津武清縣夫婦為子取小名狗子，他14歲學做包子，三年后開店，因忙生意被稱“狗不理”，如今成天津文化象征?！?6題詳析】考查時態(tài)。句意：清朝時期，天津武清縣的一對夫婦希望獨子高桂友能平安幸福地生活，于是給他取了個小名叫“狗子”。根據(jù)上文DuringtheQingDynasty可知句子時態(tài)為為一般過去時，空格處謂語動詞使用過去式。故填hoped?！?7題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：14歲時，狗子開始在一家包子店工作，并學會了如何制作餡餅包子。短語attheageof表示“在……歲時”。故填the。【38題詳析】考查副詞。句意：三年后，他開了一家名為“德聚號”的包子鋪?！耙欢螘r間+later”表示“多久以后”。故填later?！?9題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：三年后，他開了一家名為“德聚號”的包子鋪。句子謂語動詞是opened，空格處填入非謂語動詞，此處shop與name構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。故填named?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：他富有創(chuàng)造力且工作勤奮，他制作的包子餡料多汁，還使用了半發(fā)酵的面團。在系動詞was后作表語，用形容詞creative“有創(chuàng)造力的”。故填creative。【41題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他富有創(chuàng)造力且工作勤奮，他制作的包子餡料多汁，還使用了半發(fā)酵的面團。句子謂語動詞是was，空格處需要非謂語動詞，此處use與He構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞與making并列作狀語。故填using。【42題詳析】考查介詞。句意：他的包子松軟可口，形狀美觀，宛如潔白的菊花。表示“像”用介詞like。故填like。【43題詳析】考查固定句型。句意：狗子忙于自己的生意，以至于沒有時間與顧客交談。此處為句型too…to…表示“太……而不能……”。故填tochat?！?4題詳析】考查副詞。句意：因此，人們戲稱“狗子賣包子卻對顧客不理不睬”。修飾動詞said用副詞jokingly“開玩笑地；打趣地”。故填jokingly?！?5題詳析】考查連詞。句意：如今，它已成為天津文化的象征，也是每一位來中國旅游的人必嘗的一道美食。結(jié)合前后文語境可知asymbolofTianjin’sculture與amust-trydish為并列關(guān)系，用并列連詞and。故填and。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)應用文(滿分15分)46.假設你是李華，你的英國筆友Chris了解到中國學校常開展戶外教學活動，發(fā)郵件詢問你近期參與的特色課程。請你用英文寫封回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.課程基本信息(時間/地點/科