高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江西省吉安市2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。ATopHumanoidRobotCompaniesinChina—MICWeeklyHumanoidrobots,asacombinationofartificialintelligenceandmechanicaltechnology,aregraduallybecominganimportantfieldinmoderntechnology.Theserobotscannotonlyperformsimpletasksbutalsopossesstheabilitytointeractwithhumans,playingsignificantrolesinvariousareassuchasservices,healthcare,andeducation.SomeofthenotableChinesehumanoidrobotsareasfollows:XiaomiCyberOne:LaunchedonAugust11,2022,it’sXiaomi’sfirstfull-sizedhumanoidbionicrobot.Ithashighemotionalintelligence,cannoticehumanemotions,andhassharpvisionfor3Dvirtualreconstruction.It’sequippedwithXiaomi’sself-developedMi-sensedeepvisionmoduleandcanperformidentityrecognition,gesturerecognition,etc.LejuKuaVo:ThelatestgenerationhumanoidrobotbyLeju(Shenzhen)RoboticsTechnologyCo.,Ltd.LaunchedinDecember2023,itfirstappearedatHuawei’sHDC2024.It’sChina’sfirstopen-sourceHarmonyOShumanoidrobotthatcanjumpandwalkacrossvariousterrains(地形),with26degreesoffreedom.UbtechWalkerS1:Ubtech’snewgenerationindustrialhumanoidrobot,developedbasedonfull-stackhumanoidrobottechnology.Itincorporateskeyembodiedintelligencetechnologies,enablingittomeetindustrialapplicationneeds.Ithasbeenemployedinautomotivefactoriesforpracticaltraining.UnitreeG1:ThemassproductionversionisreleasedbyUnitreeTechnology.Standingabout127cmtallandweighingaround35kg,ithashighflexibilityandcanperformcomplexdynamicactions,runningataspeedgreaterthan2m/s.AgibotYuanzhengA2-W:Atthe2024annualnewproductlaunchofAgibot,itwasintroduced.Therobotsshowcasedoperationslikeplayingmahjong,unpackingdeliveries,andlifting30kgweights.1.WhichisnotafunctionofXiaomiCyberOne?A.Shoppingdelivery. B.Gesturerecognition.C.Identityrecognition. D.Emotionalawareness.2.WhatisspecialaboutUbtechWalkerS1?A.Ithashighflexibility.B.Itcaninteractwithhumans.C.Ithashighemotionalintelligence.D.Itismainlyappliedinindustrialfield.3.Whatcanwelearnabouttheserobots?A.Alltherobotscanbeemployedinhealthcare.B.BothUnitreeG1andLejuKuaVocandosomesports.C.Neitheroftheserobotscanplayboardgameswithpeople.D.BothUnitreeG1andAgibotYuanzhengA2-Waregoodatweightlifting.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹中國幾家知名的人形機(jī)器人公司及其產(chǎn)品的特點(diǎn)和功能?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)XiaomiCyberOne部分中的“Ithashighemotionalintelligence,cannoticehumanemotions,andhassharpvisionfor3Dvirtualreconstruction.It’sequippedwithXiaomi’sself-developedMi-sensedeepvisionmoduleandcanperformidentityrecognition,gesturerecognition,etc.(它具有高情商，能感知人類情緒，擁有敏銳的3D虛擬重建視覺。它配備了小米自主研發(fā)的Mi-sense深度視覺模塊，可進(jìn)行身份識別、手勢識別等)”可知，購物配送不是小米CyberOne的功能。故選A項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)UbtechWalkerS1部分中的“Ubtech’snewgenerationindustrialhumanoidrobot,developedbasedonfull-stackhumanoidrobottechnology.Itincorporateskeyembodiedintelligencetechnologies,enablingittomeetindustrialapplicationneeds.Ithasbeenemployedinautomotivefactoriesforpracticaltraining.(優(yōu)必選基于全棧人形機(jī)器人技術(shù)開發(fā)的新一代工業(yè)人形機(jī)器人。它融合了關(guān)鍵的具身智能技術(shù)，能夠滿足工業(yè)應(yīng)用需求。它已被用于汽車工廠的實操培訓(xùn))”可知，優(yōu)必選WalkerS1的特別之處在于主要應(yīng)用于工業(yè)領(lǐng)域。故選D項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LejuKuaVo部分中的“LaunchedinDecember2023,itfirstappearedatHuawei’sHDC2024.It’sChina’sfirstopen-sourceHarmonyOShumanoidrobotthatcanjumpandwalkacrossvariousterrains(地形),with26degreesoffreedom.(它于2023年12月推出，首次亮相于華為2024年開發(fā)者大會。這是中國首款開源鴻蒙人形機(jī)器人，它能夠跳躍并在各種地形上行走，擁有26個自由度)”及UnitreeG1部分中的“Standingabout127cmtallandweighingaround35kg,ithashighflexibilityandcanperformcomplexdynamicactions,runningataspeedgreaterthan2m/s.(它高約127厘米，重35公斤左右，靈活性極強(qiáng)，能完成復(fù)雜的動態(tài)動作，奔跑速度超過2米/秒)”可知，宇樹G1和樂聚KuaVo都能進(jìn)行一些運(yùn)動的動作。故選B項。BBorninBaghdadin1950,ZahaHadidgrewupinawealthyfamily.Herfather,aseniorIraqidiplomat,providedherwithanexcellenteducation.Inheryouth,influencedbyaneighborwhowasanarchitect,Hadiddevelopedapassionforarchitecture.ShefirststudiedmathematicsinLebanon,in1968.In1972,shemovedtoLondonandbeganstudyingattheArchitecturalAssociationSchoolofArchitecture.Herearlydesignswerecharacterizedbyboldnessandauniquesenseofgeometry.In1982,shewonthefirstprizeinaninternationalarchitecturecompetitioninHongKong.However,Hadid’sjourneytosuccesswasnotsmooth.Manyofherearlyworksremainedonpaperduetotheirunconventionalandseeminglyunbuildabledesigns.Itwasnotuntil1993thatherfirstmajorproject,theVitraFireStationinGermany,wascompleted.Thisproject,withitsbuildingsappearingtohoverabovetheground,creatingadreamlikeeffect,becameherbreakthroughwork.Overtheyears,Hadid’sdesignsbecamemoreandmorewell-known.Shedesignedavarietyofbuildingsaroundtheworld,includingtheLondonAquaticsCentrefortheOlympics,andtheGuangzhouOperaHouseinChina.Herdesignsoftenfeaturedfluid,curvinglinesandasenseofmovement,breakingawayfromtraditionalarchitecturalforms.In2004,HadidmadehistorybybecomingthefirstwomantowinthePritzkerPrize,architecture’shighesthonor.Thiswasasignificantrecognitionofherinnovativeandground-breakingwork.Hadid’sinfluenceextendedbeyondarchitecture.Shealsodesignedfurniture,interiorspaces,andevenstagesets.Herdesignphilosophywascenteredaroundcreatingunique,functional,andaestheticallypleasingspacesthatcouldtransformpeople’sexperiences.Shebelievedinthepowerofarchitecturetoshapecitiesandthelivesofthosewhointeractedwithherbuildings.4.WhatwastheearliestinfluenceonZahaHadid’sinterestinarchitecture?A.Herfather’scareerasadiplomat.B.Aneighborwhowasanarchitect.C.HerstudyofmathematicsinBeirut.D.HerstudyofArchitectureinLondon.5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutZahaHadid?A.Shewasthefirstpersontowinthehighesthonorinarchitecture.B.HerfirstprojectwastheLondonAquaticsCentrefortheOlympics.C.Shewasnotafraidtopushtheboundariesofwhatwaspossibleinarchitecture.D.Herconcentrationonarchitecturedesignkeptheronasmoothwaytohersuccess.6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“hover”inParagraph3?A.Stand. B.Float.C.Crowd. D.Fix.7.WhichwordcannotbeusedtodescribeZahaHadid’sdesignphilosophy?A.Traditional. B.Practical.C.Fantastic. D.Unique.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了扎哈·哈迪德的成長背景、建筑學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷、設(shè)計風(fēng)格、代表作品，以及她獲得建筑界最高榮譽(yù)普利茲克獎等成就?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inheryouth,influencedbyaneighborwhowasanarchitect,Hadiddevelopedapassionforarchitecture.(年輕時，受一位建筑師鄰居的影響，哈迪德對建筑產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣。)”可知，最早影響扎哈·哈迪德對建筑產(chǎn)生興趣的是一位建筑師鄰居。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Overtheyears,Hadid’sdesignsbecamemoreandmorewell-known.Shedesignedavarietyofbuildingsaroundtheworld,includingtheLondonAquaticsCentrefortheOlympics,andtheGuangzhouOperaHouseinChina.Herdesignsoftenfeaturedfluid,curvinglinesandasenseofmovement,breakingawayfromtraditionalarchitecturalforms.(多年來，哈迪德的設(shè)計越來越出名。她在世界各地設(shè)計了各種各樣的建筑，包括倫敦奧運(yùn)會游泳中心和中國的廣州歌劇院。她的設(shè)計經(jīng)常以流暢、彎曲的線條和運(yùn)動感為特色，打破了傳統(tǒng)的建筑形式。)”可知，她不害怕打破了傳統(tǒng)的建筑形式，敢于突破建筑領(lǐng)域可能的界限，所以C項“Shewasnotafraidtopushtheboundariesofwhatwaspossibleinarchitecture.(她勇于突破建筑領(lǐng)域的可能界限。)”是正確表述。故選C項?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Thisproject,withitsbuildingsappearingtohoverabovetheground,creatingadreamlikeeffect,becameherbreakthroughwork.(這個項目中，建筑物看起來像是hover在地面上方，營造出一種夢幻般的效果，成為她的突破性作品。)”中“abovetheground”和“adreamlikeeffect”可推知，建筑物好像懸浮在地面上方。劃線詞hover與B項“Float”意思相近，意為“漂浮、懸浮”。故選B項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Herdesignphilosophywascenteredaroundcreatingunique,functional,andaestheticallypleasingspacesthatcouldtransformpeople’sexperiences.Shebelievedinthepowerofarchitecturetoshapecitiesandthelivesofthosewhointeractedwithherbuildings.(她的設(shè)計理念圍繞著創(chuàng)造獨(dú)特、實用且美觀的空間，以改變?nèi)藗兊捏w驗。她相信建筑有塑造城市和與之互動的人們生活的力量。)”可知，她的設(shè)計理念是獨(dú)特、實用且奇妙的，并非傳統(tǒng)的。故選A項。CAresearchteamledbyAcademiciansChenXiaoyaandGaoCaixiafromtheChineseAcademyofScienceshasmadeasignificantbreakthrough.Theyhavesuccessfullycultivatedtheworld’sfirstnewricevarietycapableofproducingcoenzymeQ10.ThisachievementwaspublishedintheinternationaljournalCell,markinganimportantstepforwardinagriculturalscience.CoenzymeQ10playsacrucialroleintheenergymetabolism(新陳代謝)ofhumancells.Ithasantioxidantpropertiesandcanprotecthearthealth.Aspeopleage,thebody’sabilitytoproducecoenzymeQ10decreases.TraditionalricemainlyproducescoenzymeQ9,whichisdifferentfromthecoenzymeQ10ourbodiesneed.Tosolvethisproblem,theresearchteamspentseveralyearsexploring.TheyfirststudiedthedevelopmentalhistoryofcoenzymeQ,thenusedmachinelearningtoanalyzetheCoq1enzymeinplants.Finally,theyappliedgene-editingtechnologytoriceandsuccessfullycreatedthenewvariety.Inthisnewricevariety,thecoenzymeQ10contentintheleavesandgrainsreaches75%ofthetotalcoenzymeQ.Inthegrains,itscontentis5microgramspergram,andthericeyieldhasnotdecreased.ThisresearchdemonstratesChina’sstrengthincultivatingfunctionalcropsandpromotesglobalthinkingonnutritionimprovement.ScientistsplantofurtherstudytheapplicationofcoenzymeQ10inagriculture.Thisachievementnotonlybenefitsglobalfoodsecuritybutalsoprovidesnewwaystoimprovepeople’sdietandhealth.Italsoshowsthepotentialofgene-editingtechnologyinchangingthefuturepatternofagriculture.8.Whatisthespecialfeatureofthenewricevariety?A.Ithasahigheroutput.B.Ithasashortergrowthcycle.C.Ithaslowerrequirementsforsoil.D.Itcanproduceacrucialnutrient.9.WhydidtheresearchteamfocusoncoenzymeQ10?A.Becauseitiseasytoproduce.B.Becauseithelpstomaintaincellvigor.C.Becauseitcangreatlyincreasethericeyield.D.Becauseitiswidelypresentinvariousfoods.10.Whichstepisnotincludedincultivatingthenewricevariety?A.AnalyzingtheCoq1enzyme.B.Applyinggene-editingtechnology.C.Exploringtraditionalfarmingmethods.D.StudyingtheevolutionofcoenzymeQ.11.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Theapplicationoftheresearch.B.Theconcernaboutfoodsecurity.C.Thefuturepatternofagriculture.D.Thesignificanceofthisresearch.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹中國科學(xué)院團(tuán)隊培育出世界首個能產(chǎn)輔酶Q10的水稻新品種及相關(guān)情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theyhavesuccessfullycultivatedtheworld’sfirstnewricevarietycapableofproducingcoenzymeQ10.(他們成功培育出世界上首個能夠產(chǎn)生輔酶Q10的水稻新品種。)”以及第二段中對輔酶Q10重要性的介紹可知，這種新水稻品種的特別之處在于它能產(chǎn)生一種關(guān)鍵的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。故選D項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“CoenzymeQ10playsacrucialroleintheenergymetabolismofhumancells.Ithasantioxidantpropertiesandcanprotecthearthealth.(輔酶Q10在人體細(xì)胞的能量代謝中起著至關(guān)重要的作用。它具有抗氧化特性，能夠保護(hù)心臟健康。)”可知，研究團(tuán)隊關(guān)注輔酶Q10是因為它有助于維持細(xì)胞活力。故選B項?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheyfirststudiedthedevelopmentalhistoryofcoenzymeQ,thenusedmachinelearningtoanalyzetheCoq1enzymeinplants.Finally,theyappliedgene-editingtechnologytoriceandsuccessfullycreatedthenewvariety.(他們首先研究了輔酶Q的發(fā)展歷程，然后利用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)分析了植物中的Coq1酶。最后，他們將基因編輯技術(shù)應(yīng)用于水稻，成功培育出了這種新品種。)”可知，培育這種新水稻品種的步驟不包括探索傳統(tǒng)耕作方法。故選C項。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thisachievementnotonlybenefitsglobalfoodsecuritybutalsoprovidesnewwaystoimprovepeople’sdietandhealth.Italsoshowsthepotentialofgene-editingtechnologyinchangingthefuturepatternofagriculture.(這一成果不僅有利于全球糧食安全，也為改善人們的飲食和健康提供了新途徑。它還展示了基因編輯技術(shù)在改變未來農(nóng)業(yè)格局方面的潛力。)”可知，最后一段主要講述了這項研究的意義。故選D項。DHaveyoueverthoughtthatseeminglyunfortunateeventsinourlivesmightactuallycarryhiddenblessings?Thisideaisembodiedinwhatwecancallthebrokenumbrellatheory.Itsuggeststhateveryminormisfortuneweencounterinourdailylivesactuallyhasadeeperpurpose.Picturethis:onarainymorning,you’rerushingtoacrucialjobinterviewwhenyourumbrellabreaks,watersoakingyoursuit.Frustratedandworriedaboutyourappearance,youduckintoacoffeeshopforshelterinahurry.There,youstrikeupaconversationwithastranger,sharingyourhobby,workexperiences,careergoalsandsoon.Toyoursurprise,thispersonisamanageratarenownedcompany.Impressedbyyourenthusiasmandrelevantworkingexperience,heoffersyouawell-paidjobonthespot—afarbetteropportunitythanyouroriginalinterview.Whatinitiallyseemedlikebadluckturnedintoawonderfulsurprise.Inotherwords,thebrokenumbrellatheoryisaremindertoshiftyourthinkingpattern.Whenwechoosetoviewtheworldinamorepositivelight,wecaneaseouranxietyandstopworryingthatwecan’tmanagewhat’sgoingonaroundus.Insteadofdwellingonsmallproblemsthataren’tactuallythatserious,ithelpsusfocusonthebiggerpicture.Italsopushesustofindvalueinthedifficultiesweface.Thisway,webecomebetteratdealingwithfuturesetbacks,thusmakingusmoreadaptivetothefuturehardships.So,nexttimeyoufeelyourselfbecomingannoyedorfrustratedbyaninconvenience,tryreshapingyourthoughtsbytellingyourselfwhatyouaregratefulfortheinconvenience.Whilemaintainingapositivemindsetcangoalongway,thebrokenumbrellatheoryisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Bemindfulthatifyouonlyfocusonpositivethoughts,you’reactuallystoppingyourselffromdealingwithchallengingortoughemotions.Youendupjustpretendingeverythingisokay,insteadoftrulyfacingandunderstandinghowyoureallyfeel.12.Whichsituationcanbeanexampleofthebrokenumbrellatheory?A.Gettinggoodgradesafterworkinghard.B.Losingajobafterforgettingtosetanalarm.C.Meetingafutureemployeraftermissingaflight.D.Mendingfriendshipafterclearingmisunderstandings.13.Accordingtoparagraph3,whatdowegetfromusingthebrokenumbrellatheory?A.Theharvestofapositivemindset.B.Betterjudgementonfears.C.Theremovalofdailyinconveniences.D.Richerexperiencefromfailures.14.Whichaspectofthebrokenumbrellatheorydoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A.Practicaladvantages.B.Real-worldapplications.C.Potentialweaknesses.D.Futureplansrelatedtoit.15.Whatisprobablythebesttitleofthetext?A.LessIsMore.B.BetterLateThanNever.C.OnceBitten,TwiceShy.D.Everycloudhasasilverlining.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章介紹了“破傘理論”，即生活中看似不幸的事件可能暗藏福祉，還闡述了其好處與弊端?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Picturethis:onarainymorning,you’rerushingtoacrucialjobinterviewwhenyourumbrellabreaks,watersoakingyoursuit.Frustratedandworriedaboutyourappearance,youduckintoacoffeeshopforshelterinahurry.There,youstrikeupaconversationwithastranger,sharingyourhobby,workexperiences,careergoalsandsoon.Toyoursurprise,thispersonisamanageratarenownedcompany.Impressedbyyourenthusiasmandrelevantworkingexperience,heoffersyouawell-paidjobonthespot—afarbetteropportunitythanyouroriginalinterview.(想象一下：在一個下雨的早晨，你正趕著去參加一個重要的工作面試，這時你的雨傘壞了，水浸透了你的西裝。你對自己的外表感到沮喪和擔(dān)憂，急忙躲進(jìn)一家咖啡店尋求庇護(hù)。在那里，你和一個陌生人開始交談，分享你的愛好、工作經(jīng)歷、職業(yè)目標(biāo)等等。令你驚訝的是，這個人是一家知名公司的經(jīng)理。你的熱情和相關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗給他留下了深刻的印象，他當(dāng)場給了你一份高薪的工作——比你最初的面試機(jī)會要好得多)”可知，“破傘理論”指的是看似不幸的事件帶來了好的結(jié)果。選項C“Meetingafutureemployeraftermissingaflight.(錯過航班后遇到未來的雇主)”符合這一理論，原本錯過航班是不幸的，但遇到未來雇主是好的結(jié)果。故選C項?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inotherwords,thebrokenumbrellatheoryisaremindertoshiftyourthinkingpattern.Whenwechoosetoviewtheworldinamorepositivelight,wecaneaseouranxietyandstopworryingthatwecan’tmanagewhat’sgoingonaroundus.(換句話說，破傘理論提醒我們改變思維模式。當(dāng)我們選擇以更積極的眼光看待世界時，我們可以緩解焦慮，不再擔(dān)心自己無法應(yīng)對周圍發(fā)生的事情)”可知，運(yùn)用“破傘理論”能讓我們收獲積極的心態(tài)。故選A項?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whilemaintainingapositivemindsetcangoalongway,thebrokenumbrellatheoryisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.(雖然保持積極的心態(tài)大有裨益，但破傘理論并非沒有缺點(diǎn))”可知，最后一段主要關(guān)注的是“破傘理論”潛在的弱點(diǎn)。故選C項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Haveyoueverthoughtthatseeminglyunfortunateeventsinourlivesmightactuallycarryhiddenblessings?Thisideaisembodiedinwhatwecancallthethebrokenumbrellatheory.(你是否曾經(jīng)想過，我們生活中看似不幸的事件實際上可能暗藏著福祉?這個想法體現(xiàn)在我們可以稱之為‘破傘理論’的概念中)”和第二段所舉的例子可知，文章強(qiáng)調(diào)生活中看似不幸的事情可能會帶來好的結(jié)果。D項“Everycloudhasasilverlining.”意思是“黑暗中總有一線光明；山窮水盡疑無路，柳暗花明又一村”，與文章主旨相符，適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。AConciseGuidetoConsumerRightsProtectionIntoday’scomplexcommercialworld,consumersfrequentlyencountervariousissues.Understandingandprotectingconsumerrightsisessential.Consumershaveseveralfundamentalrights.____16____,liketoysfreefromharmfulsubstancesandfoodmeetingstricthygiene(衛(wèi)生)standards.Therighttoinformationdemandsaccurateandcompletedetailsaboutproducts,____17____.Therighttochooseallowsconsumerstoselectfromawiderangeofofferingsinthemarket,preventingmonopolisticpractices.Therighttoredressenablesconsumerstoseekcompensation,replacement,orrepairwhensoldadefectiveproductorreceivingpoorservice.____18____.First,negotiatedirectlywiththesellerorserviceprovider.Calmlystatetheproblem,andtheymayofferasolutiontomaintaincustomersatisfaction.Ifthatfails,fileacomplaint(投訴)withaconsumerorganization,liketheFederalTradeCommissionintheUSortheCitizensAdviceBureauintheUK.Theseorganizationscanmediate.Youcanalsolodgeacomplaintwithrelevantregulatoryauthorities,suchasfinancialorfoodsafetyregulators.____19____.However,it’sadvisabletoconsultaconsumer-lawlawyerfirstduetoitstime-consumingandcostlynature.Toavoidrightsviolations,readthefineprintbeforepurchasingorsigningacontract,researchingthebusinessthroughonlinereviews,andkeepingallrelevantrecords.____20____,andtheyensurethatconsumers’rightsaresafeguardedinthecomplexworldofcommerce.A.Asalastresolution,considerlegalactionB.suchasingredientsinfoodorspecificationsofelectronicsC.Whenconsumerrightsareviolated(侵犯),therearestepstotakeD.Also,youcangotothecourtinpersonandtalkwiththestaffsecretlyE.TherighttosafetyensuresproductsandservicesaresafefortheirintendeduseF.liketheemailaddressofthemanagerandthephonenumberofthedeliverymanG.Thesemeasurescanhelpconsumersprotecttheirrightseffectivelyinthemarketplace【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.A20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章圍繞消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)展開，介紹了消費(fèi)者擁有的幾項基本權(quán)利、權(quán)益受侵害時可采取的措施以及避免權(quán)益受侵害的方法，旨在為消費(fèi)者提供一份簡明的權(quán)益保護(hù)指南?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Consumershaveseveralfundamentalrights.(消費(fèi)者有幾項基本權(quán)利)”以及空后的“l(fā)iketoysfreefromharmfulsubstancesandfoodmeetingstricthygiene(衛(wèi)生)standards.(比如不含有害物質(zhì)的玩具和符合嚴(yán)格衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的食品。)”可知，此處應(yīng)具體介紹消費(fèi)者的一項基本權(quán)利，且該權(quán)利與產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的安全性相關(guān)。E選項“Therighttosafetyensuresproductsandservicesaresafefortheirintendeduse(安全權(quán)確保產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)在其預(yù)定用途上是安全的)”中的“safety”與空后例子相呼應(yīng)，是對消費(fèi)者基本權(quán)利的具體闡述，符合語境。故選E項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Therighttoinformationdemandsaccurateandcompletedetailsaboutproducts,(知情權(quán)要求產(chǎn)品的信息準(zhǔn)確完整)”可知，此處應(yīng)是對產(chǎn)品具體信息的舉例說明。B選項“suchasingredientsinfoodorspecificationsofelectronics(如食品的成分或電子產(chǎn)品的規(guī)格)”是對產(chǎn)品信息的具體舉例，與空前內(nèi)容銜接緊密，符合語境。故選B項。【18題詳析】分析語篇可知，此處應(yīng)為本段的主題句，概括本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)空后的“First,negotiatedirectlywiththesellerorserviceprovider.Calmlystatetheproblem,andtheymayofferasolutiontomaintaincustomersatisfaction.Ifthatfails,fileacomplaint(投訴)withaconsumerorganization,liketheFederalTradeCommissionintheUSortheCitizensAdviceBureauintheUK.Theseorganizationscanmediate.Youcanalsolodgeacomplaintwithrelevantregulatoryauthorities,suchasfinancialorfoodsafetyregulators.(首先，直接與賣家或服務(wù)提供商協(xié)商。冷靜地說明問題，他們或許會為了維持客戶滿意度而提出解決方案。如果協(xié)商無果，可向消費(fèi)者組織投訴，比如美國的聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會或英國的公民咨詢局。這些組織能夠進(jìn)行調(diào)解。你也可以向相關(guān)監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)投訴，例如金融或食品安全監(jiān)管部門)”可知，本段主要講述的是當(dāng)消費(fèi)者權(quán)益受到侵害時可采取的步驟。C選項“Whenconsumerrightsareviolated(侵犯),therearestepstotake(當(dāng)消費(fèi)者權(quán)益受到侵害時，有一些步驟可以采取)”能夠概括本段主旨，引出下文內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選C項。【19題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Youcanalsolodgeacomplaintwithrelevantregulatoryauthorities,suchasfinancialorfoodsafetyregulators.(你也可以向相關(guān)監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)投訴，如金融或食品安全監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu))”以及空后的“However,it’sadvisabletoconsultaconsumer-lawlawyerfirstduetoitstime-consumingandcostlynature.(然而，由于其耗時且成本高，建議先咨詢消費(fèi)者法律律師)”可知，此處應(yīng)介紹另一種解決途徑，且這種途徑與法律相關(guān)。A選項“Asalastresolution,considerlegalaction(作為最后的解決辦法，考慮采取法律行動)”中的“l(fā)egalaction”與空后“consultaconsumer-lawlawyer”相呼應(yīng)，是權(quán)益受侵害時的最后解決手段，符合語境。故選A項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Toavoidrightsviolations,readthefineprintbeforepurchasingorsigningacontract,researchingthebusinessthroughonlinereviews,andkeepingallrelevantrecords.(為避免權(quán)益受到侵害，在購買或簽訂合同前仔細(xì)閱讀細(xì)則，通過在線評論研究商家，并保存所有相關(guān)記錄)”可知，此處應(yīng)是對這些措施作用的總結(jié)。G選項“Thesemeasurescanhelpconsumersprotecttheirrightseffectivelyinthemarketplace(這些措施可以幫助消費(fèi)者在市場中有效保護(hù)自己的權(quán)益)”中的“Thesemeasures”指代前文提到的避免權(quán)益受侵害的做法，且總結(jié)了其作用，符合語境。故選G項。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AheartwarmingstoryunfoldedinShenzhen.OnMarch10,the62ndanniversaryoflearningfromLeiFeng,studentvolunteersfromtheBasicDepartmentofHarbinInstituteofTechnology(Shenzhen)____21____theirwaytotheShenzhenNursingHome.Theycarriedoutavolunteer____22____activitythemed“YouthWarmstheSunset,andYearsRenewVoices”,bringingwarmthand____23____totheelderly.Duringtheactivity,thestudentsbecamelittle____24____inthe“Silver-hairedClassroom”.They____25____guidedtheelderlytousesmartphonesonaone-to-onebasis.TheyexplainedfunctionslikeMoments,likes,andvoicemessagesin____26____language,helpingtheelderlyovercometheir“technologychallenges”.What’smore,thevolunteersorganizedan“AITimeGallery”experienceforthe____27____.Byusingartificialintelligencetechnology,theytransformedthestoriestoldbytheseniorsintodigital____28____.Thestoriesincludedthebirch(樺樹)forestsintheborderareas,olditemsinfamilyphotoalbums,andthelong-missedhometownautumns.Thesepaintingsbroughtbackprecious____29____fortheelderly.Whiletheactivitieswereongoing,thestudentsandtheelderlysataroundand_____30_____.Theelderlysharedtheir_____31_____stories,suchastheexperiencesoffemalesoldiersinXinjiangandthepioneeringdaysofoldengineersinShenzhen.Thestudents,_____32_____,talkedabouttheirstrugglesanddreamsduringtheircampuslife.Theatmospherewasfilledwithwarmth.They_____33_____blessingsandpromisedtomeetagaintocontinuetheirconversations.Shortlyafterwards,thestudentsreceivedahandwritten_____34_____letterfroma90-year-oldgrandmothernamedChenBenyuan.Intheletter,shesincerelyexpressedhergratitudetotheseyoungvolunteers,saying,“Weoldpeoplearetruly_____35_____toyoufromthebottomofourhearts.Youareboundtobecomethepillars(支柱)ofourcountry...”.21.A.push B.made C.feel D.fight22.A.inspiration B.entertainment C.safety D.service23.A.food B.medicine C.companionship D.ambition24.A.teachers B.guides C.nurses D.doctors25.A.anxiously B.confusedly C.patiently D.proudly26.A.plain B.sign C.foreign D.professional27.A.poor B.sick C.homeless D.elderly28.A.songs B.paintings C.language D.software29.A.memories B.earnings C.friends D.experiences30.A.performed B.discussed C.chatted D.debated31.A.secret B.folk C.life D.love32.A.bydesign B.inturn C.onthecontrary D.inotherwords33.A.anticipated B.declared C.appreciated D.exchanged34.A.thank-you B.help-me C.invitation D.application35.A.necessary B.important C.precious D.grateful【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.C26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.C32.B33.D34.A35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（深圳）的學(xué)生志愿者在學(xué)雷鋒紀(jì)念日前往深圳養(yǎng)老院開展志愿服務(wù)，為老人帶來溫暖與陪伴的故事?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：3月10日，在學(xué)雷鋒62周年紀(jì)念日，哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（深圳）基礎(chǔ)部的學(xué)生志愿者前往深圳養(yǎng)老院。A.push推；B.made制作，使變得；C.feel感覺；D.fight戰(zhàn)斗。根據(jù)上文“studentvolunteers”及下文“ShenzhenNursingHome”可知，志愿者們是前往養(yǎng)老院，“makeone’swayto”為固定搭配，意為“前往”，符合志愿者前往養(yǎng)老院的語境。故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們開展了以“青春暖夕陽，歲月煥新聲”為主題的志愿服活動，為老人們帶來了溫暖和陪伴。A.inspiration靈感；B.entertainment娛樂；C.safety安全；D.service服務(wù)。根據(jù)下文的“They________guidedtheelderlytousesmartphonesonaone-to-onebasis.”可知，志愿者學(xué)生幫助老人使用手機(jī)，由此可知，志愿者開展的是“服務(wù)”活動。故選D項?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們開展了以“青春暖夕陽，歲月煥新聲”為主題的志愿服務(wù)活動，為老人們帶來了溫暖和陪伴。A.food食物；B.medicine藥物；C.companionship陪伴；D.ambition野心。根據(jù)上文的“OnMarch10,the62ndanniversaryoflearningfromLeiFeng,studentvolunteersfromtheBasicDepartmentofHarbinInstituteofTechnology(Shenzhen)________theirwaytotheShenzhenNursingHome.”可知，志愿者到養(yǎng)老院為老人提供服務(wù)，帶來的應(yīng)是溫暖和“陪伴”符合語境。故選C項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：活動中，學(xué)生們在“銀發(fā)課堂”里成了小老師。A.teachers老師；B.guides向?qū)?；C.nurses護(hù)士；D.doctors醫(yī)生。根據(jù)下文“They________guidedtheelderlytousesmartphonesonaone-to-onebasis.”可知，學(xué)生們像“老師”一樣指導(dǎo)老人。故選A項。【25題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們一對一耐心地指導(dǎo)老人使用智能手機(jī)。A.anxiously焦慮地；B.confusedly困惑地；C.patiently耐心地；D.proudly驕傲地。根據(jù)下文的“TheyexplainedfunctionslikeMoments,likes,andvoicemessagesin________language,helpingtheelderlyovercometheir“technologychallenges”.”可知，他們給老人解釋手機(jī)的各項功能，需要“耐心地”指導(dǎo)老人使用智能手機(jī)。故選C項?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們用通俗的語言講解朋友圈、點(diǎn)贊、語音消息等功能，幫助老人克服“技術(shù)難題”。A.plain通俗的；B.sign標(biāo)志；C.foreign外國的；D.professional專業(yè)的。根據(jù)常識和下文的“helpingtheelderlyovercometheir“technologychallenges””可知，為了讓老人聽懂，應(yīng)用“通俗的”語言講解。故選A項?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，志愿者們還為老人們組織了“AI時光畫廊”體驗活動。A.poor貧窮的；B.sick生病的；C.homeless無家可歸的；D.elderly年老的。根據(jù)語境和上文的“They________guidedtheelderlytousesmartphonesonaone-to-onebasis.”可知，文章圍繞志愿者為養(yǎng)老院的“老人”服務(wù)展開。故選D項?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們利用人工智能技術(shù)，將老人們講述的故事轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)字繪畫。A.songs歌曲；B.paintings繪畫；C.language語言；D.software軟件。根據(jù)下文“Thesepaintingsbroughtbackprecious_______fortheelderly.”可知，此處指的是轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)字“繪畫”。故選B項?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些繪畫為老人們帶回了珍貴的回憶。A.memories回憶；B.earnings收入；C.friends朋友；D.experiences經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)上文的“Thestoriesincludedthebirch(樺樹)forestsintheborderareas,olditemsinfamilyphotoalbums,andthelong-missedhometownautumns.”可知，老人們講述的故事和相關(guān)繪畫會勾起他們的“回憶”，符合語境。故選A項。【30題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：活動進(jìn)行中，學(xué)生們和老人們圍坐在一起聊天。A.performed表演；B.discussed討論；C.chatted聊天；D.debated辯論。根據(jù)下文的“Theelderlysharedtheir________stories”和“Thestudents,________,talkedabouttheirstrugglesanddreamsduringtheircampuslife.”可知，他們在“聊天”，符合語境。故選C項?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：老人們分享了他們的人生故事，比如新疆女戰(zhàn)士的經(jīng)歷和深圳老工程師的創(chuàng)業(yè)歲月。A.secret秘密；B.folk民間；C.life人生；D.love愛。根據(jù)下文的“suchastheexperiencesoffemalesoldiersinXinjiangandthepioneeringdaysofoldengineersinShenzhen.”可知，這些都是老人們過往的人生經(jīng)歷，屬于“人生”故事。故選C項?！?2題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：學(xué)生們則輪流講述了他們在校園生活中的奮斗和夢想。A.bydesign故意地；B.inturn輪流，轉(zhuǎn)而；C.onthecontrary相反；D