PAGE2/22022屆高三名校試題分類精析+預(yù)測之主題閱讀01人生經(jīng)歷序號體裁主題內(nèi)容概要1記敘文人與自我之個人經(jīng)歷作者為了更好地幫助大街上的流浪人員，決定親自做一天流浪者，親身體會一下他們到底需要什么，以便能給他們更好的幫助。2記敘文人與自我之自我認(rèn)知作者通過自己的經(jīng)歷，講述了自省化解憤怒，從而更好地認(rèn)識自我的重要性3記敘文人與自我之奮斗歷程文章講述了科學(xué)寫作的挑戰(zhàn)性，科技作家面臨的困難并以自己切實經(jīng)歷為例。4記敘文人與自我之個人經(jīng)歷文章敘述了作者所經(jīng)歷的一次困難的旅行。5夾敘夾議人與自我之認(rèn)識自我文章中作者通過自己競選學(xué)生會主席，組成顧問小組，認(rèn)識到了集體智慧的力量是在各種工作中成功的最佳方法。6記敘文人與自我之個人生活文章講述了作者與黑人網(wǎng)球名將ArthurAshe的一次共乘一車的經(jīng)歷。7記敘文人與自我之個人體驗文章講述了作者17歲時有機會擔(dān)任小學(xué)籃球裁判，作者想要賺錢所以接受了這個機會，以為是一種很有趣的“輕松賺錢”的方式，結(jié)果比賽時作者無法應(yīng)付球場上的困難局面，意識到當(dāng)裁判是多么困難，沒有什么錢是好賺的道理。1（2021·湖南長沙市·長沙一中高三月考）ForquitesometimeIhavehadaninterestinthesituationofthehomeless.Ihavereadaboutit，prayedoverit，andhavedonesmallthingstohelp.ButfeelingthatIcould，andshould，domoretomakeadifference，Iconcludedthatlivingasahomelessman-atleastforaverybriefperiod-wasthebestwaytounderstandwhatit'sliketohavenoplacetocallhome.IdecidedthatSt.VincentdePaulCatholicChurchwouldbemyfirststop.SincethechurchopensitsbasementtohomelesspeopleeveryFridayforahotmeal，St.Vincent'swassymbolicallyaverygoodplacetostartmydayasahomelessman.AfterprayingbeforetheBlessedSacrament，Ihitthesubfreezingstreetswithnomoney.Igotintoalineofmen，womenandchildrenwaitingtobeadmittedintothediningroomwhereafreehotmealisservedeveryday.FromthereIwalkedtoHealthCarefortheHomeless—anorganizationdedicatedtoprovidingfreemedicalcaretopeoplewhohavenopermanentresidence.Insidewereabout75homelesswomenandmenwaitingtobeseenbyanurse.ThereIspokewithanoldermanwhohadseriousfamilyproblemsthatcausedhishomelessness.Next，Istoppedatahotelandfastfoodrestaurantaskingiftheywerehiring.FromthereIwalkedthestreetsofdowntownBaltimoreaskingpeopleforalittleloosechangetobuyacupofcoffee.Ipolitelyapproachedapproximately35people.About30ofthemignoredme，andsaidtheydidn'thaveanymoney，orsimplysaidno.Butfivepeopledidoffermeasmalldonation.IexplainedwhatIwasdoing，andthankfullydeclinedtheirgenerosity.Laterthatnight，asIwalkedbacktomyvehicle，IrealizedthatIwasaricherpersonforhavinglivedonedayasahomelessman.IthoughtaboutthehomelessmenandwomenIencountered，andtheirproblems.1.Whydidtheauthordecidetomakeastartfromthechurch？A.Onlyitofferedthehomelessahotmeal.B.Itimpressedtheauthorinmanyways.C.Ithadaroutineofopeningtothehomeless.D.Manyhomelesspeoplewereallowedtoliveinthebasement.2.WhatdidtheauthordowhilehewasinHealthCarefortheHomeless？A.Hehadawordwithahomelessman.B.Hehelpedanoldermanwithfamilyproblems.C.Heknewitwastoomiserabletohavenomoney.D.Hehadahotmealwithsomewomenandchildren.3.Whatcanweinferfromthefifthparagraph？A.Theauthorworkedafewhoursintherestaurant.B.Peopleshouldhavecaredaboutthehomelessmore.C.Nofoodrestaurantsagreedtohireahomelessman.D.Veryfewpeoplelookeddownuponthehomeless.4.Whatwouldtheauthormostprobablydointhefuture？A.Hewouldtreasurewhathehadgotinlife.B.Hewouldspendmoretimewiththehomeless.C.Hewouldfindabetterwaytohelpthehomeless.D.Hewouldfrequentlyinvitethehomelesstohishome.【答案】CABC【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者為了更好地幫助大街上的流浪人員，決定親自做一天流浪者，親身體會一下他們到底需要什么，以便能給他們更好的幫助。1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“SincethechurchopensitsbasementtohomelesspeopleeveryFridayforahotmeal，St.Vincent'swassymbolicallyaverygoodplacetostartmydayasahomelessman”（由于教堂每周五向無家可歸的人開放地下室，讓他們吃一頓熱飯。St.Vincent's是我作為一個流浪漢開始一天生活的象征）由此推斷出作者決定從教堂開始，因為它有一個對無家可歸者開放的慣例。故選C。2.細節(jié)理解題。由第四段的“ThereIspokewithanoldermanwhohadseriousfamilyproblemsthatcausedhishomelessness”（在那里，我和一位老人交談，他有嚴(yán)重的家庭問題，導(dǎo)致他無家可歸）可知，作者在HealthCarefortheHomeless時與一名無家可歸者交談。故選A。3.推理判斷題。由第五段的“Ipolitelyapproachedapproximately35people.About30ofthemignoredme，andsaidtheydidn'thaveanymoney，orsimplysaidno.Butfivepeopledidoffermeasmalldonation”（我禮貌地接近了大約35個人。他們中大約有30人無視我，說他們沒有錢，或者干脆說沒有。但是有五個人給了我一小筆捐款）可知，在社會上人們對流浪者的關(guān)注甚微，因此需要人們更多地關(guān)注這個人群。故選B。4.推理判斷題。由第一段的“ButfeelingthatIcould，andshould，domoretomakeadifference”（但我覺得我可以，也應(yīng)該，做更多的事情來改變世界）和最后一段的“Laterthatnight，asIwalkedbacktomyvehicle，IrealizedthatIwasaricherpersonforhavinglivedonedayasahomelessman.IthoughtaboutthehomelessmenandwomenIencountered，andtheirproblems”（那天晚上晚些時候，當(dāng)我走回我的車時，我意識到我作為一個無家可歸的人生活了一天，所以我變得更富有了。我想到了我遇到的無家可歸的男人和女人，以及他們的問題）可知，作者將來會找到一個更好的方法來幫助無家可歸的人。故選C。2（2021·長沙市·湖南師大附中高三月考）Everyonecanbeangry.Butifyoutakethetimetoactuallyexamineyourangerinsteadofjust“feeling"angry,you'llhaveabetterunderstandingofyourself.Knowingwhyyoufeelsoangrycanprovideyouwithsomesurprisinganswers.Theseanswerscanenableyoutosuddenlygrowspirituallyandmentally.Icangiveyouapersonalexample.IwenttoameetingonceandIwasverbally（口頭地）attackedoveranapplicationIsupportedatmyworkplace.Variouspeoplewentonandonabouthowterriblethissystemwasandthatitneverworked.Thatdidn'tbothermethatmuch.Iwasusedtothatbutoneofthecommentsthatwassaidwas,"Yourjobispointless.”Thisreallyupsetmeandatthetime,Iwasabsolutelyfurious（發(fā)怒的）withthatcomment.Iwassoangryandupsetthattheywouldtreatmethatway.OnceItookthetimetothinkaboutwhatwasreallymakingmesomad,Ilearnedalot.IrealizedthatthecommentwasmoretruethanIwantedtoadmit.Inthebigschemeofthings,myjobwaspointless.Itwasn'twhatIreallywantedtobedoingwithmylifeandthiswaswhatfrustratedmethemost.HereIwaspouringpartofmyheartandsoulintoajobIdidn'tevenreallywanttodo.Iwasusingitasacrutch（拐杖）becauseIdidn'thavetheconfidenceinmyselftotakethescaryroadtowardswhatIreallywantedtodo.AssoonasIrealizedthat,alotofmyangerjustmeltedaway.IalsorealizedthatIneededtostartfocusingonwhatIreallywantedtodo.Inowconsiderthisincidentasagreatgift.ItgotmebackontracktomovinginthedirectionIwantedtogowithmylife.Iprobablywouldn'tbewhereIamtodayifIhadn'ttakenthetimetofigureoutwhyIwasreallysoangry.5.Whydidtheauthorfeelangryatthemeeting?A.Becausethesystemofthecompanywasterrible.B.Becausesomeonesaidhisworkwasworthless.C.Becausethepolicyofthecompanydidn'twork.D.Becausetheapplicationhesupportedwasofnoeffect.6.Whatbroughtdowntheangeroftheauthor?A.Theapologysomeonemadeatthemeeting.B.Thecrutchheusedtotakethescaryroad.C.Theawarenessofthefactthatthecommentwastrue.D.Thecouragehehadtoovercomethechallenges.7.Whatmadetheauthorconsidertheincidentasagift?A.Itprovidedhimwithconfidenceinthemeeting.B.Ithelpedhimgetpromotedtoahigherposition.C.Ithelpedhimchangehischaractersincethen.D.Itbroughthimbackontracktothegoal.8.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoCopewithVerbalAttackinaCompanyB.AvoidBeingPointlessatWorkC.UnderstandingYourselfBetterThroughAngerD.AngerIsHarmfultoHealth【答案】BCDC【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過自己的經(jīng)歷，講述了自省化解憤怒，從而更好地認(rèn)識自我的重要性。只有認(rèn)識到并改正自己的缺點，才能不斷完善自我。5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Iwasusedtothatbutoneofthecommentsthatwassaidwas,‘Yourjobispointless.’Thisreallyupsetmeandatthetime,Iwasabsolutelyfurious（發(fā)怒的）withthatcomment.(我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了，但其中一條評論是，‘你的工作毫無意義?！@真的讓我很難過，當(dāng)時，我對這個評論非常憤怒。)”可知，作者因為別人說他“工作沒有意義、沒有價值”而感到非常生氣，故選B。6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“IrealizedthatthecommentwasmoretruethanIwantedtoadmit...alotofmyangerjustmeltedaway.(意識到這條評論比我想承認(rèn)的更真實……我的怒氣一下子就消了。)”可知，作者認(rèn)識到這個意見是正確的，只是自己不愿意承認(rèn)罷了。由此判斷，作者認(rèn)識到這一點之后，通過自省，怒氣也就消了。故選C。7.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“ItgotmebackontracktomovinginthedirectionIwantedtogowithmylife.(它讓我回到正軌，朝著我想要的生活方向前進。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為這次事件讓自己回到了正軌，因此是一個禮物。故選D。8.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了作者憤怒之后進行自省，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題所在，從而取得進步的故事，故“UnderstandingYourselfBetterThroughAnger(通過憤怒更好地理解自己)”能全面概括本文的大意。故選C。3（2021·上海普陀區(qū)·曹楊二中高三）Ofallthejournalismspecialties,sciencewritingmaywellbethemostchallenging.Sciencewriterscoverfieldsundergoingsomeofthemostrapidadvancesinhistory,fromstunningadvancesingeneticsandbiotechnologytoexoticdiscoveriesinastrophysics.Asciencewriter’sweekmayincludecoverageofnewdiscoveriesaboutviruses,thebrain,evolution,artificialintelligence,planetsaroundothersuns,andglobalclimatechangeanditsenvironmentalimpact,tonameonlyafewtopics.Writinganythingthat’sanygoodishardwork,butsciencewriterslabortinderaparticular,andratherpeculiar,setofconstraints.Scienceisnew—onlyabout400yearsold,asagoingconcern—andprodigious,havingtransformedourconceptionoftheuniverseandofourplaceinit.Butpreciselybecauseitsimpacthasbeensorapidandsomonumental,sciencehasnotyetbeenabsorbedintoourcommonconsciousness.Readerscometotheprintedpagealreadyknowingsomethingaboutcrimeandpunishment,loveandloss,triumphandtragedy—butnot,necessarily,abouttherolesplayedbytheoryandobservationinidentifyingavirusortracingthecurvatureofintergalacticspace.Hencesciencewritershavetokeepexplainingthings,fromthesignificanceofscientificfactstothemethodsbywhichtheyareadduced,whilesimultaneouslyholdingthereaders’attentionandmovingthestoryalong.It’sasifbusinessreportershadtoconstantlyexplainwhatismeantby“turningaprofit”,orsportswritersby“scoringatouchdown”.Unsurprisingly,wesciencewritersareoftenmisunderstood.Peopletendtoassumethatwewritecomputersoftwaremanualsorthosebuckram-boundengineeringtextbooksassignedtostudentsintechnicalstudies.Fellowauthorsdismissusastranslators.Editorsmaythinkusnarrow.Aquarter-centuryago,whenIwasstrugglingtomoveawayfromwritingaboutpoliticsandrockmusicinordertoconcentrateonastronomy,theeditorofamajormagazinepressedmetodoanarticle,called“TheBionicMan”,onartificialbodyparts.WhenIdeclined,hebecameimpatient.“Well,whatdoyouwanttowriteabout?”heasked,throwinguphishands,likeamotoristcutoffintraffic.“Astronomy,”Ireplied.“You’vealreadywrittenaboutastronomy!”“Yes,butIlikeit.Itwasmyoriginalinterestinlife.”“Aren’tyouafraidofbecomingsomesortofJohnnyOneNote?”“Well,notreally.Youknow,what’soutthereissomethinglikeninety-nine,thenadecimalpoint,thentwenty-eightmoreninespercentofeverything.Coveringnearlyeverythingdoesn’tseemallthatlimiting.Anditleadstolotsofotherthings.”I’vebeenonthewrongsideofargumentswitheditorsmoreoftenthanitiscomfortabletorecall,butonthisoccasionIturnedouttohavebeenright.Astronomydidleadtoeverythingelse.Itledmeintoothersciencesofcourse—amongthemphysics,chemistry,andbiology—andalso,bymanywindingpaths,topoetry,literature,history,philosophy,art,music,andintoconversationwithsomeofthesmartestandmostcreativepeopleintheworld.9.Accordingtothewriter,whatisthemaindifficultyfacingsciencewriters?A.Findingnewsciencetopics.B.Meetingthereader’sexpectationsofscience.C.Overcomingthereader'sunfamiliaritywithscience.D.Keepingupwiththerapiddevelopmentsinscience.10.WhydidthewriterrefusetowriteaboutTheBionicMan?A.Hehadnoexpertiseinthetopic.B.Hewasnotpassionateaboutthetopic.C.Hedidnotrealizethepotentialofthetopic.D.Hedidnotwanttowriteaboutthesametopicagain.11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthewriterisNOTtrue?A.Hefindsitdifficulttogetrecognitionfromothersasasciencewriter.B.Hefeelsquitecomfortablewiththepreviousargumentshehadwitheditors.C.Akeeninterestinastronomycontributestohisexplorationofotherdisciplines.D.Astronomyhelpshimformaconnectionwithsomegreatmindsintheworld.12.Whichwordbestdescribesthetoneofthelastparagraph?A.indifference B.amusement C.frustration D.satisfaction【答案】CBBD【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了科學(xué)寫作的挑戰(zhàn)性，科技作家面臨的困難并以自己切實經(jīng)歷為例。9.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Readerscometotheprintedpagealreadyknowingsomethingaboutcrimeandpunishment,loveandloss,triumphandtragedy—butnot,necessarily,abouttherolesplayedbytheoryandobservationinidentifyingavirusortracingthecurvatureofintergalacticspace.Hencesciencewritershavetokeepexplainingthings,fromthesignificanceofscientificfactstothemethodsbywhichtheyareadduced,whilesimultaneouslyholdingthereaders’attentionandmovingthestoryalong.（讀者在閱讀印刷版時，已經(jīng)對犯罪與懲罰、愛與失去、勝利與悲劇有所了解，但未必了解理論和觀察在識別病毒或追蹤星系間空間曲率方面所起的作用。因此，科學(xué)作家必須不斷地解釋事情，從科學(xué)事實的意義到它們被引見的方法，同時抓住讀者的注意力，推動故事的發(fā)展。）”可知，作者認(rèn)為，科技作家面臨的主要困難是克服讀者對科學(xué)的不熟悉。故選C。10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Aquarter-centuryago,whenIwasstrugglingtomoveawayfromwritingaboutpoliticsandrockmusicinordertoconcentrateonastronomy,theeditorofamajormagazinepressedmetodoanarticle,called“TheBionicMan”,onartificialbodyparts.(25年前，當(dāng)我努力擺脫政治和搖滾音樂的寫作，轉(zhuǎn)而專注于天文學(xué)時，一家主流雜志的編輯強迫我寫一篇關(guān)于人造身體部位的文章，名為《仿生人》。)”和倒數(shù)第四段“Yes,butIlikeit.Itwasmyoriginalinterestinlife.（是的，但我喜歡它。這是我對生活最初的興趣。）”可推斷，作者熱愛天文學(xué)而對人造身體部位的文章不感興趣。故選B。11.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“I’vebeenonthewrongsideofargumentswitheditorsmoreoftenthanitiscomfortabletorecall（在與編輯的爭論中，我常常站在錯誤的一邊，回想起來都不舒服）”可知，作者對之前和編輯們的爭論感到很不舒服，所以B選擇項表述是錯誤的。故選B。12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itledmeintoothersciencesofcourse—amongthemphysics,chemistry,andbiology—andalso,bymanywindingpaths,topoetry,literature,history,philosophy,art,music,andintoconversationwithsomeofthesmartestandmostcreativepeopleintheworld.（它引導(dǎo)我進入了其他的科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，包括物理、化學(xué)和生物，也通過許多曲折的途徑，進入了詩歌、文學(xué)、歷史、哲學(xué)、藝術(shù)、音樂，并與世界上一些最聰明、最有創(chuàng)造力的人進行了交談。）”可知，作者這次堅定自己的愛好立場給他帶來了廣闊的視野，是非常正確的決定，從而推斷作者對自己的決定感到滿意。故選D。4（2021·輝南縣第一中學(xué)）ThirtyyearsagoIworkedinacompany.Myjobwastosellthecars.IwasyoungandstrongandIhadbeentomostpartsoftheworldandIspentonefifthofmytimeinthetrainsorplanes.IlikedsuchalifeandsometimesIcalledmyself“traveler”.ButonedayIgotintotrouble.Itwasacoldmorning.Itblewheavilyandthegroundwascoveredwiththicksnowoutside.Iwasstillinbedthoughitwasnine.Ifinishedalongjourneythedaybeforeanddecidedtohaveagoodrest.SuddenlythetelephonerangandmymanagertoldmetoflytoNewYorktotakepartinanimportantmeeting.IhadtogetupandafteraquickbreakfastIhurriedtotheairport.ThetaxiwentslowlyandImissedthefirstflight.Ihadtotakethenextone.ItmeantIwouldwaitfornearlyfivehoursinthewaiting-room.Butfivehourslaterapassengersaidtheinformationshowedtherewasabombinourplaneandthepolicemenwerelookingforit.Andanotherfivehourspassedandmostpassengerslosttheirpatiencebeforewewereallowedtogetontheplane.Attheentranceeachpassengerandtheirbaggagehadtobeexamined.Ayoungmanwhoseemedasoldiershoutedatthepolicemenattheentrance,“IfIhadaguninmybaggage,Iwouldshootyoutwohoursago!”13.Thewritercalledhimself“traveler”becausehe________.A.soldcarsforhiscompany B.traveledallovertheworldC.oftentooktrainsandcars D.likedtravelinginmanyplaces14.Hedidn’tgetupuntilthephonerangbecausehe________.A.wantedtohavearestthatday B.feltverycoldoutsideC.wasgoingtohaveameeting D.waswaitingforthemanager’scall15.Thetaxiwentslowlybecause________.A.themanagertoldhimnottohurryB.itwasverycoldthatmorningC.thedriverdidn’tknowhewouldflytoNewYorkD.therewasmuchsnowontheroad16.Theyoungmanbecameangrybecausehe________.A.waitedforalongtimeattheairport B.hadaguninhisbaggageC.wouldn’tbeexamined D.hatedthepolicemenattheentrance【答案】BADA【解析】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者所經(jīng)歷的一次困難的旅行。13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“IwasyoungandstrongandIhadbeentomostpartsoftheworldandIspentonefifthofmytimeinthetrainsorplanes.IlikedsuchalifeandsometimesIcalledmyself“traveler”.（我年輕力壯，去過世界上的大部分地方，五分之一的時間都在火車或飛機上度過。我喜歡這樣的生活，有時我稱自己為“旅行者”。）由此可知，作者自稱為“旅行家”，因為他周游了全世界。故選B項。14.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Iwasstillinbedthoughitwasnine.Ifinishedalongjourneythedaybeforeanddecidedtohaveagoodrest.”（雖然已經(jīng)九點了，我還是躺在床上。前一天我完成了一次長途旅行，決定好好休息一下）由此可知，因為那天他想休息一下，所以直到電話響了他才起床。故選A項。15.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ButonedayIgotintotrouble.Itwasacoldmorning.Itblewheavilyandthegroundwascoveredwiththicksnowoutside”（但是有一天我遇到了麻煩。那是一個寒冷的早晨。風(fēng)刮得很大，外面覆蓋著厚厚的積雪）由此可知，出租車開得很慢，因為路上有很多雪。故選D項。16.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ihadtotakethenextone.ItmeantIwouldwaitfornearlyfivehoursinthewaiting-room.Butfivehourslaterapassengersaidtheinformationshowedtherewasabombinourplaneandthepolicemenwerelookingforit.Andanotherfivehourspassedandmostpassengerslosttheirpatiencebeforewewereallowedtogetontheplane.”（我必須要下一個。這意味著我要在候機室等將近五個小時。但五小時后，一名乘客說，情報顯示我們的飛機上有一枚炸彈，警察正在尋找。又過了五個小時，大多數(shù)乘客失去了耐心，我們才被允許登機。）由此可知，這個年輕人因為在機場等了很長時間而生氣。故選A項。5（2021·西藏昌都市第一高級中學(xué)）Igotthisstrangeideainmyeightgrade:torunforthepresidentofthestudentUnion.Itisnotasurprisingdecisionformostoutgoing,popularpeople.ButIwasneither.InfactItendedtodaydream,readbooksthatwerenotontherequiredlist,andsitatthefarcornerofthecafeteriawiththeonlytwofriendsIhad,DeniseandJanice.However,Claire,myenemy,motivatedmetosignuptorunagainsther.Denisedecidedweshouldformagroupofadvisorstogetmeelected.Wemeteveryday,rightafterschool,reviewingeverystudent.Wetriedtofigureoutwhyourschoolmatesmightwanttovote,intheirowninterestsformeor(morelikely)againstClaire.Wecreatedcascades,atermwelearnedfromDenise’ssister.Inotherwords,welookedforstudentswhoweremostlikelytoinfluenceagroupofotherstudents.Thosearethepeoplethatoneofusapproachedfirst.Mynarrowvictorywasasurprisetomanyincluding,frankly,thethreeofus.That’showIgotmyfirsttasteofthepoweroftheso-calledCollectiveIntelligenceanditturnedouttobethebestmethodofsucceedinginvariouswork.Whenagroupcommitstosupportingeachotherbymeetingregularlyandobeyingthenegotiatedrules,remarkablethingshappen.Wetendtobringtobringthethethebestoutother,asthousandshavelearnedaroundtheworld.Whenindividualsbecometight-knitteams,webecomehappierandhigher-performingwithandforeachother.Itisnevertoolateforustostartourownadvisinggroupofnomorethansevenmembersaroundastrongsweetspotofcommoninterest—whichwillhelpusachievesomethingdifferentandmoremeaningfulovertheyears.17.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthoraccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Shehasalotoffriends. B.Shelovesreading.C.Sheenjoyspublicdebating. D.Sheisveryrealistic.18.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“cascades”inparagraph3?A.Boardsofadvisors B.Committeesofteachers.C.Teamsofimportantschoolmates. D.Groupsofdevotedfriends.19.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorintendstoencouragereadersto_________.A.committosupportingothers B.meetfriendsasregularlyaspossibleC.dosomethingdifferentandmeaningful D.makebestuseofcollectiveintelligence20.Whatcanbeasuitableforthetext?A.ASurePathtoGreatSuccess B.ASecrettoWintheElectionC.CleverWaystoDefeatYourEnemies D.EffectiveMethodsofMakingFriends【答案】BCDA【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章中作者通過自己競選學(xué)生會主席，組成顧問小組，認(rèn)識到了集體智慧的力量是在各種工作中成功的最佳方法。17.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“InfactItendedtodaydream,readbooksthatwerenotontherequiredlist,andsitatthefarcornerofthecafeteriawiththeonlytwofriendsIhad,DeniseandJanice.(事實上，我傾向于做白日夢，讀那些不在必讀清單上的書，和我僅有的兩個朋友丹尼斯和珍妮絲坐在餐廳最遠的角落里)”可知，作者喜歡閱讀。故選B。18.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Inotherwords,welookedforstudentswhoweremostlikelytoinfluenceagroupofotherstudents.Thosearethepeoplethatoneofusapproachedfirst.”可知，cascades換句話說是指他們尋找那些最有可能影響一組其他學(xué)生的學(xué)生。他們是我們中的一個先接觸的人。即“重要同學(xué)組成的團隊”。故畫線詞意思是“重要同學(xué)組成的團隊”。故選C。19.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whenagroupcommitstosupportingeachotherbymeetingregularlyandobeyingthenegotiatedrules,remarkablethingshappen.Wetendtobringtobringthethebestoutother,asthousandshavelearnedaroundtheworld.Whenindividualsbecometight-knitteams,webecomehappierandhigher-performingwithandforeachother.Itisnevertoolateforustostartourownadvisinggroupofnomorethansevenmembersaroundastrongsweetspotofcommoninterest—whichwillhelpusachievesomethingdifferentandmoremeaningfulovertheyears.(當(dāng)一個團隊承諾通過定期會面和遵守協(xié)商好的規(guī)則來支持彼此時，了不起的事情就會發(fā)生。就像世界上成千上萬的人學(xué)到的那樣，我們傾向于把別人最好的東西帶出來。當(dāng)個體成為緊密結(jié)合的團隊時，我們會變得更快樂，表現(xiàn)也更出色。對于我們來說，圍繞一個共同興趣的強大甜蜜點，成立一個不超過7名成員的咨詢小組永遠都不會太晚——這將幫助我們在未來幾年實現(xiàn)一些不同的、更有意義的東西)”可推知，作者試圖鼓勵讀者充分利用集體智慧。故選D。20.主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“That’showIgotmyfirsttasteofthepoweroftheso-calledCollectiveIntelligenceanditturnedouttobethebestmethodofsucceedinginvariouswork.(這就是我第一次體驗到所謂的集體智慧的力量，它被證明是在各種工作中成功的最佳方法)”以及最后一段中“Itisnevertoolateforustostartourownadvisinggroupofnomorethansevenmembersaroundastrongsweetspotofcommoninterest—whichwillhelpusachievesomethingdifferentandmoremeaningfulovertheyears.(對于我們來說，圍繞一個共同興趣的強大甜蜜點，成立一個不超過7名成員的咨詢小組永遠都不會太晚——這將幫助我們在未來幾年實現(xiàn)一些不同的、更有意義的東西)”結(jié)合文章中作者通過自己競選學(xué)生會主席，組成顧問小組，認(rèn)識到了集體智慧的力量是在各種工作中成功的最佳方法?？芍?，A選項“通往偉大成功的必經(jīng)之路”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。6（2021·浙江衢州市·衢州二中）ManyyearsagowhenIfirststartedtoplaytennisIwassocrazyaboutthesportthatItraveledtoallfourofthemajorgrandslams–Wimbledon,theFrenchOpen,theAustralianOpenandtheU.S.OpeninNewYorkCity.IwassoveryimpressedwiththegreatchampionArthurAsheandsoadmiredhim,notonlyasthenumberonetennisplayerintheworldforatimebutjustasmuchforhowdedicatedhewastoimprovingthelivesofeveryone,especiallytheunfortunateoftheworld.Tome,hewasanincredibledoublechampion!Iwillneverforget,aslongasIlive,thatnightwhenthelastmatchattheU.S.OpeninNewYorkfinishedverylate.AsIwalkedoutofthestadiumtocatchacab,Iwassurprisedtoseetherewereonlyafewcabsleftandtonsofpeopleheadingtowardthem.SobeingquiteyoungIsprintedtotrytocatchone.Ibarelymadeittothelasttaxi,butasIopenedthebackdoorandjumpedin,someoneelsewasdoingthesamethingontheotherside.AsbothdoorsslammedshutIlookedovertoseenoneotherthanArthurAsheasmyseatmate!Wequicklyagreedtosharetheridesincewewerebothheadingformid-townManhattan.OntheridethereIpickedhisbrainstogetallthetennisandlifecoachingIcouldpossiblepulloutofhiminthat45minutes’ride.Whatagreatexperiencethathadbeenandwhatagreatmanhewas.Hewassomuchmorethanaworldchampiontennisplayer.Fromayoungagegrowingupinasegregated(種族隔離的)society,hesetabouttohelpchangetheworldbyhelpingpeopleandthusmakingtheworldabetterplaceforallofus.Whenweareyoung,mostofusareprettyself-centeredandalmosteverythingwedoisdirectedatjusthelpingourselves.Butaswegrowolderandalittlewiser,weseethathelpingothersisnotonlyverysatisfyingbutitcanmaketheworldabetterplaceforeveryoneformanyyearstocome.21.WhatdidtheauthormeanbysayingArthurAshewasadoublechampion?A.Hewontwochampionshipsasatennisplayer.B.Hehelpedpromotethetennissportintheworld.C.Hehelpedmanypeopleapartfromhisachievementsinsports.D.Hewasasuccessfulpoliticalleaderaswellasatennisplayer.22.Whatdowelearnfromtheride-sharingexperience?A.Theydidn’ttalkmuchduringtheride. B.Theyagreedtodomoreforyoungpeople.C.Theauthorlearnedmanylifelessons. D.ArthurAshegavesomegiftstotheauthor.23.Whatdidtheauthorwanttotellusinthestory?A.Twoheadsarebetterthanone. B.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.C.Onegoodturndeservesanother. D.Selflessnessisamarkofanhonorableman.【答案】CCD【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者與黑人網(wǎng)球名將ArthurAshe的一次共乘一車的經(jīng)歷。21.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“IwassoveryimpressedwiththegreatchampionArthurAsheandsoadmiredhim,notonlyasthenumberonetennisplayerintheworldforatimebutjustasmuchforhowdedicatedhewastoimprovingthelivesofeveryone,especiallytheunfortunateoftheworld.（偉大的網(wǎng)球冠軍阿瑟·阿什給我留下了深刻的印象，我非常欽佩他，不僅因為他曾一度是世界頭號網(wǎng)球選手，而且因為他致力于改善每個人的生活，尤其是世界上不幸的人的生活）”可知，ArthurAshe不僅是一位網(wǎng)球冠軍，也熱心幫助他人，特別是黑人社區(qū)，因此對于作者而言，他就是一位“雙料冠軍”。故選C。22.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“OntheridethereIpickedhisbrainstogetallthetennisandlifecoachingIcouldpossiblepulloutofhiminthat45minutes’ride（在去那里的路上，我向他請教了45分鐘的網(wǎng)球和生活指導(dǎo)）”可知，作者從拼車經(jīng)驗中學(xué)到了很多人生經(jīng)驗。故選C。23.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，并結(jié)合最后一段“Whenweareyoung,mostofusareprettyself-centeredandalmosteverythingwedoisdirectedatjusthelpingourselves.Butaswegrowolderandalittlewiser,weseethathelpingothersisnotonlyverysatisfyingbutitcanmaketheworldabetterplaceforeveryoneformanyyearstocome.（當(dāng)我們年輕的時候，我們大多數(shù)人都是以自我為中心的，我們所做的幾乎每件事都是為了幫助自己。但是，隨著我們年齡和智慧的增長，我們看到幫助他人不僅是非常令人滿意的，而且可以讓世界在未來的許多年里變得更美好）”可知，文章講述了世界冠軍阿瑟·阿什的樂于助人的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)，這篇文章的主題就是凸顯ArthurAshe偉大的人格。所以作者通過這個故事要告訴我們“Selflessnessisamarkofanhonorableman.(無私是高尚人的標(biāo)志)”這樣的道理。故選D。7（2021·夏津第一中學(xué)）Beingseventeenwithoutmoneycanbedepressing.Whentheopportunityarrivestoearnsomeneededcash,itwouldbefoolishtopassitup.Itisforthisreasonthatwhentheopportunitytorefereeelementarybasketballcamemyway,Ijumpedatthechance.Ithoughtitwouldbeafunwaytoearnsome“easymoney”.DuringtheyearsIplayedonthecourtandwatchedthegames,Ioftenfoundmyselfcriticizingthereferees.IwascompletelyconvincedthatIcoulddoamuchbetterjobbecauseofmyloveforbasketballandmyfamiliarityofthegame.Howdifficultcoulditbe,especiallywithabunchofthirdgraders?Ilookedforwardtomyfirstnightasareferee,butallofmyfantasiesworeofffromthebeginningofthegame.Thesesweetandinnocentthirdgradeboysimmediatelytransformedintohorriblecreaturesrightbeforeme.NeverinmywildestdreamsdidIeverimaginetheextentofcompetitivenessinthegame.Abattlewasinprogressonthecourtwhiletheinhumanebystanderscheeredandyelledfromthestands.Myonlycompanion,thewhistle,sufferedfromaseverecaseofstagefear,fillingmyheadwithdoubteverytimeIwishedtoblowit.Mylackofactionfueledtheheartlesscrowd.Evenontherareoccasionswhenmywhistlegainedenoughcouragetopausethefighting,thep