高一英語閱讀理解(教育文化)解題技巧(超強(qiáng))及練習(xí)題(含答案)一、高中英語閱讀理解教育文化類1．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Hobbiesingeneralarebecomingsomethingofthepast.Ourlivesarealreadyfilledwithclasses,homework,working,relationshipsandsleeping.Whenwedohaveasparemoment,itisalltooeasytospenditontheendlessentertainmentandmediathatarerightatourfingertips.

Idonotdoubtthattherearesomepeoplewhocouldbecomeagreatwriterormusician.Ionlyfearthatsomanypeoplearebusypursuingtheireducationandtheircareers,buttheyneverevenseethepotential(潛能)theyhave.Thenextgreatphotographerorsingercouldbegoingtocollegerightnow.Buttheymightnotevenknowtheyhaveagiftforphotographingorsingingifthey'veneverpickedupacameraoraguitar.

Ofcourse,thefinalgoalofpursuinganewhobbyshouldn'tbetobecomerichandfamous.Formostpeople,ahobbyisjustsomethingtheyenjoydoingforthepurposeofthethingitself.Suchhobbiesarestillveryuseful.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhohaveahobbyarelesslikelytohavestressandmorelikelytohavemoremeaningfullives.

Mostimportantly,ahobbyisjustsomethingyoudotomakeyouhappy.Ihatetobreakittoyou,butweallhavealonglifetimeofworkandstressaheadofus.Itwillmakethingsmucheasierifwecanpracticethepianoormakesomecollectionsafterwork.

Sure,it'snoteasytostartanewhobbywhilegoingtoschool,butitwilllikelynevergeteasierthanitisrightnow.Sothinkaboutthethingthatyouhavealwayswantedtotrybutweretooembarrassedorbusyorwhatever.Youneverknow,youmightbecometheworld'snextgreatpeople.Ifnot,you'llatleastbealittlemorewell-rounded,moreinterestingandlessstressed.（1）WhatdoesParagraph1mainlyshow?A.

Allpeopleshouldlearntorelax.B.

Today'speoplehavelittletimeforhobbies.C.

Peopleinthepasttooktheirhobbiesseriously.D.

People'sliveshavebeennegativelyaffectedbymedia.（2）Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhobbies?A.

Theymaytakeuptoomuchtime.B.

Theycanhelpusenjoyabetterlife.C.

Theysometimescanbringusstress.D.

Theyshouldmakeusfamousoneday.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A.

Weshouldstartahobbynow.B.

Startinganewhobbyisn'teasy.C.

We'dbetterdevelopahobbyatschool.D.

Developingahobbywillgeteasierastimegoesby.（4）What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.

Tointroducesomehelpfulhobbies.B.

Toencourageustohaveahobby.C.

Totellushowtocreateahappylife.D.

Totellushowtofindourpotential.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在的人沒什么時(shí)間來培養(yǎng)興趣愛好，但有一個(gè)興趣愛好非常重要。（1）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要是講現(xiàn)在的人太忙，沒什么時(shí)間培養(yǎng)興趣愛好，故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“"Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhohaveahobbyarelesslikelytohavestressandmorelikelytohavemoremeaningfullives."可知，擁有興趣愛好可以讓我們的生活變得更好，故選B。（3）考查句義猜測。根據(jù)劃線句子以及"Sothinkaboutthethingthatyouhavealwayswantedtotrybutweretooembarrassedorbusyorwhatever."可知，這里是講現(xiàn)在就是培養(yǎng)興趣愛好的最好時(shí)機(jī)。故選A。（4）考查寫作意圖。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講培養(yǎng)興趣愛好非常重要，我們應(yīng)該有興趣愛好，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，句義猜測，寫作意圖和段落大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Askanynewcollegegraduateabouthisimmediategoals,anditislikelythathewilltellyouhewantsajob.Butitturnsoutthattoday'sstudentsarenotgoingtobesatisfiedwithanyjob.Accordingtothelatestsurvey,makingadifferencethroughtheirworkisessential(必要的)toyoungpeople'shappiness.

Thesurveyfoundthat72percentofgraduatingcollegeseniorsbelievebeingabletohaveapositivesocialinfluencethroughtheirworkisessentialtotheirhappiness.Makingadifferenceissoimportanttothemthat45percentsaytheywouldtakea15-percentpaycuttoworkatanorganizationthathasasocialorenvironmentalinfluence,and58percentsaytheywouldtakeapaycuttoworkforanorganizationwhosevaluesarethesameastheirown.

Besidesthis,thesurveyfoundthatfemalestudentsarefarmorelikelytoputsocialinfluenceinfirstplacethantheirmaleclassmates,echoingtheresultsofaformerstudyshowingthatfemalemathsandsciencemajorsaremorelikelytosaytheygointothosefieldstomakeadifference.

Onereasonfortheemphasis(強(qiáng)調(diào))onimprovingtheworldprobablyhastodowiththecultureofcolleges,whichencouragesstudentstoconnecttheirstudiesbacktoreal-worldproblems.Studentsareusedtodiscussingimportantsocialissues(問題)withtheirfriendsandprofessors,anddoingsomethingabouttheminclassorthroughvolunteeractivities.Oncestudentsdevelopthosehabits,theydon'tshutthemoffwhengraduationrollsaround.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"echoing"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Learning.B.Repeating.C.Believing.D.Creating.（2）Whatisoneofthereasonsfortheemphasisonstudentswantingtoimprovetheworld?A.Thehabitsstudentsdevelopinsociety.B.Theappearanceofimportantsocialissues.C.Theencouragementofthecultureofcolleges.D.Theeffectparents'educationhasontheirchildren.（3）Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Youngpeoplewillsurelygainhappinessiftheycanmakeadifferenceintheirwork.B.Lessthanhalfofthecollegeseniorswilltakeapaycuttoworkwiththesamevalues.C.Mostcollegegraduatesbelieveitimportanttohaveapositivesocialinfluenceinwork.D.Femalegraduatesareallputtingmoresocialinfluenceinfirstplacethanmalegraduates.（4）Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FemaleStudentsAreConcernedaboutSocietyB.YoungPeople'sHappinessDoesn'tDependonMoneyC.GraduatesBecomeMoreInterestedinChallengingJobsD.ManyGraduatesWouldTakeaPayCuttoMakeaDifference【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了通過工作能有一個(gè)積極的社會影響對年輕人的幸福至關(guān)重要。（1）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“Besidesthis,thesurveyfoundthatfemalestudentsarefarmorelikelytoputsocialinfluenceinfirstplacethantheirmaleclassmates，”除此之外，調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)女生比男生更有可能把社會影響放在第一位；以及“theresultsofaformerstudyshowingthatfemalemathsandsciencemajorsaremorelikelytosaytheygointothosefieldstomakeadifference.”以前的一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果顯示，女性數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生更有可能說她們進(jìn)入這些領(lǐng)域是為了有所作為?？梢酝茢喑鰞身?xiàng)調(diào)查的結(jié)果是一致的。都說明了女性更愿意在工作中做出影響。故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Onereasonfortheemphasis(強(qiáng)調(diào))onimprovingtheworldprobablyhastodowiththecultureofcolleges,whichencouragesstudentstoconnecttheirstudiesbacktoreal-worldproblems.”強(qiáng)調(diào)改善世界的一個(gè)原因可能與大學(xué)文化有關(guān)，大學(xué)文化鼓勵學(xué)生將他們的學(xué)習(xí)與現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問題聯(lián)系起來。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thesurveyfoundthat72percentofgraduatingcollegeseniorsbelievebeingabletohaveapositivesocialinfluencethroughtheirworkisessentialtotheirhappiness.”調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，72%的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生認(rèn)為通過工作產(chǎn)生積極的社會影響對他們的幸福至關(guān)重要?？梢缘贸鼋Y(jié)論：多數(shù)的畢業(yè)生都認(rèn)可工作產(chǎn)生的社會影響對他們而言是重要的。故選C。（4）考查主旨大意。通過第一段的調(diào)查結(jié)論得出：對年輕人的幸福，通過工作改變世界是至關(guān)重要的。所以，文章主要闡述年輕人的幸福取決于在工作中改變世界（makeadifference）,結(jié)合第二段中的“Makingadifferenceissoimportanttothemthat45percentsaytheywouldtakea15-percentpaycuttoworkatanorganizationthathasasocialorenvironmentalinfluence,and58percentsaytheywouldtakeapaycuttoworkforanorganizationwhosevaluesarethesameastheirown.”對他們來說，做出改變是如此重要，以至于45%的人說他們愿意接受15%的減薪去一個(gè)對社會或環(huán)境有影響的組織工作，58%的人說他們愿意接受減薪去一個(gè)與他們價(jià)值觀相同的組織工作?？梢钥闯?減薪是makeadifference的重要性。綜上所述，選項(xiàng)D：ManyGraduatesWouldTakeaPayCuttoMakeaDifference和文章的主旨是一致的。故選D。【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Idiomsareoneofthehardestpartsoflearningalanguage.Forthoseofyouwhodon'tknow,anidiomisaphrasewhichhasameaning,butthemeaningisnotclearfromthewordsthemselves.Ifyoutranslateanidiomwordforword,itsometimesmakesnosenseatall.Theyarelikepuzzlesandevennativespeakerscangetconfusedwhensomeoneusesaphrasethatthey'veneverheardof.Withthatinmind,herearefivecommonEnglishidiomsthatyoucanuseinavarietyofSituations.⒈Getyouracttogether(Meaning:youneedtoimproveyourbehaviour/work)

Thismightbesomethingyourteachersaystoyouifyouscorebadlyinanexamorifyoumisbehaveinclass.Youcanalsouseittotalkaboutpeopleingeneral.Forexample,ifyourfriendisbeingmeanornastyfornoreason,thenyoucantellthemthattheyneedtogettheiracttogether.⒉Pullyourselftogether(Meaning:calmdown)

Thisisasomewhatimpolitewayoftellingsomeonethattheyareoverreactingandthattheyneedtorelax.Onlyusethisifyouthinkthepersonyouarespeakingtoisgettingupsetoversomethinginsignificant.Ifyourfriendtellsyouthattheircloserelativehasdied,itisNOTthetimetotellthemtopullthemselvestogether.⒊I'mfeelingundertheweather(Meaning:I'msick)

Yes,it'slongerandmoredifficulttosaythan'I'msick',butifyourEnglishteacherasksyouwhyyouhaven'tdoneyourhomework,heorsheismorelikelytoforgiveyouifyousaythatyouwerefeelingundertheweather.YoumaynothavedoneyourEnglishhomework,butyourteachermightbeimpressedthatyouknowhowtomakeeloquentexcusesinaforeignlanguage.⒋It'sapieceofcake(Meaning:it'seasy)

Idon'tknowwhythismeanswhatitdoes,butsometimesyoujusthavetoacceptthatEnglishpeopleuseweirdphrases.⒌Breakaleg(Meaning:goodluck!)

Thisisperhapsoneofthemostconfusingyetwell-knownEnglishidioms.Ifsomeonesaysthistoyou,donottakeoffenceorthinktheyarethreateningyou;theyarejustwishingyouluck.Itismostoftenusedforpeoplewishingsuccesstoactorsandactressesbeforetheyperformonthestage,butitcanbesaidinothersituations,too.

Allinall,learninganewlanguagecanbechallenging.It'sdefinitelynotapieceofcake,especiallywhentherearesomanyconfusingidioms.However,withenoughhardworkandinterest,youwillsucceedinnotime.Breakaleg!（1）Whichidiomisproperforyoutosaytoyourworriedclassmatewhoistotakepartinthe800-metreraceattheschoolsportsmeet?A.Getyouracttogether.B.Pullyourselftogether.C.Breakaleg.D.It'sapieceofcake.（2）Howshouldyourespondwhenyouhearyourdeskmatesay,"Iamfeelingundertheweather."A."What'swrongwithyou?"B."Don'tworry.Let'scall120."C."Getupandfinishyourhomework."D."Whydon'tyoutakeanumbrellawithyou?"（3）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutidioms?A.Theysometimesmakenosenseatall.B.Nativespeakershavetroubleunderstandingidiomssometimes.C.Idiomsarethehardestpartoflearningalanguage.D.Wecanguessthemeaningofanidiomfromthewordsinit.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，習(xí)語是學(xué)習(xí)語言最困難的部分之一，作者列舉了五個(gè)常見習(xí)語的用法。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)It'sapieceofcake(Meaning:it'seasy)意思是很容易，可知可以表達(dá)你對即將參加800米比賽的同學(xué)的擔(dān)憂，故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)I'mfeelingundertheweather(Meaning:I'msick)可知，當(dāng)你聽到你的同桌說“我感覺不舒服”時(shí)，你該怎樣回答。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theyarelikepuzzlesandevennativespeakerscangetconfusedwhensomeoneusesaphrasethatthey'veneverheardof.”它們就像謎題一樣，當(dāng)有人使用他們從未聽說過的短語時(shí)，甚至以英語為母語的人也會感到困惑。可知選B。【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Thenexttimeyouattendasocialfunctionorgotoaplacewherepeoplemeetandinteract,takenoteofthenumberofpeoplewhohaveadoptedthesamegesturesandposture---thewayyousitorstand--ofthepersonwithwhomtheyaretalking.This"carboncopying"isameansbywhichonepersontellstheotherthatheisinagreementwithhisideasandattitudes.Bythismethod,oneisnon-verbally(非語言的)sayingtotheother,"Asyoucansee,Ithinkthesameasyou,soIwillcopyyourpostureandgesture."

Thisunconscious(無意識地)mimicryisquiteinterestingtoobserve.Take,forexample,thetwomenstandingatthehotelbar.Theyhavemirroredeachother'sgesturesanditisreasonabletoassumethattheyarediscussingatopicuponwhichtheyhavethesamethoughtsandfeelings.Ifonemanuncrosseshisarmsandlegsorstandsontheotherfoot,theotherwillfollow.Ifoneputshishandinhispockettheotherwillcopyandthismimicrywillcontinueforaslongasthetwomenareinagreement.

Thiscopyingalsooccursamonggoodfriendsorpeopleofthesamesocialpositionanditiscommontoseemarriedcoupleswalk,stand,sitandmoveinverysimilarways.Peoplewhoarestrangers,however,tryhardtoavoidholdingmutual(相互的)positions.Thesignificanceofcarboncopyingcanbeoneofthemostimportantnon-verballessonswecanlearn,forthisisonewaythatotherstellusthattheyagreewithusorlikeus.Itisalsoawayforustotellothersthatwelikethem,bysimplycopyingtheirgestures.

Ifanemployerwishestodevelopimmediatefriendlinessandcreatearelaxingatmospherewithanemployee,heneedstocopytheemployee'sposturetoachievetheend.Similarly,anup-and-comingemployeemaybeseencopyinghisboss'sgesturesinanattempttoshowagreement.Usingtheknowledge,itispossibletoinfluenceaface-to-faceencounterbycopyingthepositivegesturesandposturesoftheotherperson.Thishastheeffectofputtingtheotherpersoninareceptiveandrelaxedframeofmindandhecan"see"thatyouunderstandhispointofview.（1）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

CarbonCopying---ShowingAgreement

B.

DevelopingNon-verbalCommunicationC.

HowtoavoidCarbonCopying

D.

ProperSocialBehavior（2）Whatis"carboncopying"accordingtothepassage?A.

Toadoptidenticalgestureofothers.

B.

Torepeatwhatothershavesaid.C.

Toshowagreementwithothers.

D.

Tomockothers.（3）InwhichofthefollowinggroupsiscarboncopyingNOTfrequentlyseen?A.

Marriedcouples

B.

Peoplenotfamiliarwitheachother.C.

Goodfriends.

D.

Peopleofthesamesocialposition.（4）Whatshouldanemployerdotocreatedarelaxingatmosphereforanemployee?A.

Bepolite.

B.

Avoidcopyingtheemployee'sgesture.C.

Behelpful.

D.

Copythegestureoftheemployee.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了"carboncopying（復(fù)制）"現(xiàn)象，是指一個(gè)人通過模仿另一個(gè)人的姿勢和手勢，來告訴另一個(gè)人自己贊同他的想法和態(tài)度。同時(shí)列舉這種現(xiàn)象經(jīng)常發(fā)生的場所，以及如何利用這些知識來讓對方處于一種接受和放松的心態(tài)，"看到"你理解他的觀點(diǎn)。（1）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“This‘carboncopying’isameansbywhichonepersontellstheotherthatheisinagreementwithhisideasandattitudes.”這種"復(fù)制"是指一個(gè)人告訴另一個(gè)人他同意他的想法和態(tài)度。以及文章主要圍繞"carboncopying"是通過模仿另一個(gè)人的姿勢和手勢來表達(dá)自己對他的贊同所展開的，故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“This‘carboncopying’isameansbywhichonepersontellstheotherthatheisinagreementwithhisideasandattitudes.Bythismethod,oneisnon-verballysayingtotheother,‘Asyoucansee,Ithinkthesameasyou,soIwillcopyyourpostureandgesture.’"這種"復(fù)制"是指一個(gè)人告訴另一個(gè)人他同意他的想法和態(tài)度。通過這種方法，一個(gè)人不用語言就能對另一個(gè)人說:"你看，我和你想的一樣，所以我會模仿你的姿勢和手勢。"可知"carboncopying"是指采用和別人相同的手勢。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的”Peoplewhoarestrangers,however,tryhardtoavoidholdingmutualpositions.“然而，陌生人會盡量避免持有共同的立場?？芍舜瞬皇煜さ娜藗儾怀？吹?復(fù)制"現(xiàn)象。故選B。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的”Ifanemployerwishestodevelopimmediatefriendlinessandcreatearelaxingatmospherewithanemployee,heneedstocopytheemployee'sposturetoachievetheend.“如果雇主希望與雇員建立直接的友好關(guān)系，營造輕松的氛圍，他需要模仿雇員的姿勢來達(dá)到目的?？芍椭骺梢酝ㄟ^模仿雇員的動作，為雇員創(chuàng)造一個(gè)輕松的氣氛。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

SomeAfricanschoolsareaddingprogramsthatteachwhatofficialsarecalling"softskills"tostudents.Softskillsarepersonalqualitiesthathelpapersonrelateeffectivelytoothers.Officialssaythiskindoftrainingcanhelpstudentssucceedinthejobmarketandinlife.

ThetrainingisbeingofferedattheSt.BernadetteKamonyiSecondarySchoolinKigali,Rwanda.Forweeks,itsstudentshavebeenvisitingneighborhoodbusinesses.Thegoalofthesefieldtripsisfortheyoungpeopletolearnwhatisnecessarytosecureajob.

Forthesecondaryschoolstudents,thisinformationisimportant.Inafewmonths,they'llcompletetheirstudiesandtrytheirbesttofindwork.OneoftheRwandanstudentsis22-year-oldAminadabNiyitegeka.Hesayshewilllookforanyjobavailable.Hehopesthatwhathelearnsinhisworkreadinessclasswillhelp.Traditionally,secondaryschoolsinAfricahavespentmoretimeonsubjectslikemathematicsandscience,largelyignoringareaslikepublicspeakingandteamwork.Butthatischanging.Schoolsareexploringnewteachingmodelstooffersoftskillsandprofessionaltraining.Itispartofanefforttopreparestudentstobecomebettercommunicators,problemsolversandcitizens(公民).

RwandahasstartedaworkreadinesstrainingprogramcalledAkaziKanozeAccess.Itmeans"workwelldone"inKinyarwanda,theofficiallanguageofRwanda.Theprogramhastrainedmorethan20,000studentstohelpmakethemmoreappealingtoemployers.

EmmanuelNtagungiraisateacherandworksasatrainerforAkaziKanozeAccess,Heoftenvisitsemployerswhohavegivenjobstohighschools.Theemployersareveryhappybecausethegraduatesarereadytowork.Hesayshehopestheprogramwillhelplowerunemployment,whichstandsatover13percentnationwide.Healsoexplainsthatthegraduateshaveahealthymindsetandemployersaresatisfiedwiththejobthey'vebeendoing.（1）Whichofthefollowingisnotanexampleof"softskills"?A.Beingcompetentinsoftware.B.Communicatingwithotherswell.C.Makingagoodspeechinpublic.D.Havingagoodsenseofcooperation.（2）InwhatwayhavesecondaryschoolsinAfricachanged?A.Theyfocusonmathematicsandscience.B.Theyignoreareaslikepublicspeakingandteamwork.C.Theyapplynewteachingmethods.D.Theymakeanefforttoofferstudentssoftskills.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TheprogramKaziKanozeAccessaimstoappealtoemployers.B.AminadabNiyitegekawilldefinitelyfindagoodjobaftergraduation.C.Studentswithsoftskillsarelikelytogetalongwellwithothers.D.Studentshavebeenvisitingneighborhoodbusinessestosecureajob.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了在非洲一些地區(qū)和學(xué)校實(shí)施的“軟技能”項(xiàng)目，即關(guān)注學(xué)生個(gè)人品質(zhì)教學(xué)項(xiàng)目的實(shí)施情況，這種培訓(xùn)可以幫助學(xué)生在就業(yè)市場和生活中取得成功。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Softskillsarepersonalqualitiesthathelpapersonrelateeffectivelytoothers”可知，軟技能是指人的品質(zhì)，能幫助人與人之間有效交流的品質(zhì)。所以軟件操作不是個(gè)人品質(zhì)，就不是軟技能。故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Traditionally,secondaryschoolsinAfricahavespentmoretimeonsubjectslikemathematicsandscience,largelyignoringareaslikepublicspeakingandteamwork.Butthatischanging.Schoolsareexploringnewteachingmodelstooffersoftskillsandprofessionaltraining”可知傳統(tǒng)上，非洲的中學(xué)花時(shí)間在數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)等科目上，很大程度上會忽略公共演講和團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作等領(lǐng)域。但現(xiàn)在這樣的情況正在改變。學(xué)校正在探索新的教學(xué)模式以提供軟技能和專業(yè)訓(xùn)練。所以非洲中級學(xué)校的改變是他們努力教給學(xué)生軟技能。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Softskillsarepersonalqualitiesthathelpapersonrelateeffectivelytoothers.Officialssaythiskindoftrainingcanhelpstudentssucceedinthejobmarketandinlife”可知軟技能是指人的品質(zhì)，能幫助人與人之間有效交流的品質(zhì)。權(quán)威人士說這樣的訓(xùn)練能幫助學(xué)生在找工作和生活中成功。因此軟技能幫學(xué)生跟人和睦相處。故選C。【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Whyisitthatmanypeoplewhohavesufferedamajorshock,suchasdivorceordeathofafamilymember,seemtobeweakeragainstavarietyofmajorandminorillness?Onecommonideaamongpsychologistshasbeenthatpeoplecoulddealwithsufferingmoreeffectivelyiftheywereabletounderstandandacceptit.Indeed,manyexpertsstressthevalueofexpressingthoughtsandfeelingsconnectedwithupsettingevents.

Recently,ateamofmedicalresearchersstudiedthelinksbetweendescribingpsychologicallypainfuleventsandlong-termhealth.Inoneexperimenthealthycollegestudentswereaskedtowriteabouteitherpersonallydisturbingexperiencesorordinarytopicsoveraperiodoffourdays.Inthemonthsafterwards,studentswhohadchosentoshowtheirinnerthoughtsandfeelingsintheirwritingvisitedthehealthcenterforillnessmuchlessoftenthanthosewhohadwrittenabouteverydaytopics.

Inanexperimentthatfollowed,anothergroupofhealthystudentsweregiventhefour-daywritingexercises.Somechosetowriteabouthighlypersonalandupsettingexperiences(includingloneliness,problemswithfamilyandfriends,andhealth).Whenquestionedimmediatelyafterwards,theysaidthattheydidnotfeelanybetter.However,theirbloodsamples(樣本)takenbeforeandaftertheexperimentshowedevidenceofanimprovedresistancetoillness.Thewhitecellsthatfightoffbacteriaandviruseshadincreasedtheirreactionandsensitivitytothese"invaders".Thistrendcontinuedoverthefollowingsixweeks,whenanotherbloodsamplewastaken.Individualswhoshowedthebestresultswerethosewhowroteabouttopicsthattheyhadactivelykeptfromtellingothersabout.

Theresearcherssuggestedthatfailuretofaceuptopainfulexperiencecanbeaformofstressitself,andcanincreasethepossibilityofillness.Itfollows,then,thatactivelydealingwithamajorshockmakespossibleitsunderstandingandacceptance.Theanswerisnottosufferinsilence.Itmaynotalwaysbepossibletotalkaboutpersonalproblems,butwritingthemdownwillhelpthebodytofightdiseaseinthelongrun.（1）Inthefirstexperiment,thestudentswhowroteaboutpainfulevents________.A.startedtosufferpsychologicalproblemsB.enjoyedsharingtheirinnerthoughtandfeelingsC.werelesslikelytoseektreatmentforsicknessD.couldn'tdealwithsufferingeffectively（2）Peoplewhowroteaboutpersonalproblemsinthesecondexperiment________.A.hadmorebacteriaandvirusesintheirbloodB.haddecreasedfeelingsoflonelinessC.showedanimprovedwhitecellreactionD.didbetterintheirwritingtasks（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"invaders"referto?A.Thewhitecells.B.Bacteriaandviruses.C.Resistancetoillness.D.Thereactionandsensitivityofthecells.（4）Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.SufferingandHealthB.InnerThoughtsandFeelingsC.IllnessandHealthD.MentalIllnessandSocialAcceptance【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，心理學(xué)的研究表明，如果人們能夠理解并接受痛苦，人們就能更有效地應(yīng)對它。許多專家認(rèn)為將與令人不安的事件有關(guān)的思想和情感表達(dá)出來是十分重要的。不能面對痛苦的經(jīng)歷本身就可能是某種形式的壓力，也會增加患病的可能性。所以從長遠(yuǎn)來看，不要默默忍受，說出來或者寫出來將有助于身體對抗疾病。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inthemonthsafterwards,studentswhohadchosentoshowtheirinnerthoughtsandfeelingsintheirwritingvisitedthehealthcenterforillnessmuchlessoftenthanthosewhohadwrittenabouteverydaytopics.”可知，在隨后的幾個(gè)月里，那些選擇在寫作中表達(dá)自己內(nèi)心想法和感受的學(xué)生，比那些寫過日常話題的人更少去看病。故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,theirbloodsamples(樣本)takenbeforeandaftertheexperimentshowedevidenceofanimprovedresistancetoillness.Thewhitecellsthatfightoffbacteriaandviruseshadincreasedtheirreactionandsensitivitytothese‘invaders’.”可知，在第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中寫下了個(gè)人問題的人顯示他們的白細(xì)胞對細(xì)菌和病毒的反應(yīng)和敏感性增強(qiáng)了。故選C。（3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thewhitecellsthatfightoffbacteriaandviruses…”可知，白細(xì)胞是用來對抗細(xì)菌和病毒的，因此these"invaders"指的就是細(xì)菌和病毒這些“入侵者”。故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。本文開頭提出觀點(diǎn)，如果人們能夠理解并接受痛苦，人們就能更有效地應(yīng)對它。然后通過兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，將內(nèi)心的感受通過說或者寫的方式表達(dá)出來從長遠(yuǎn)看會有助于身體對抗疾病。因此本文關(guān)注的話題是情感經(jīng)歷和健康的關(guān)系問題。選A?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Thestorieswesharewithoneanotherareimportant.Theyshowwisdomandprovideinspiration.Theyareimportanttoourdevelopment.Butsometimespeoplechoosenottotell.

Considerthenegativeeffectsofnotsharingastoryinthenews:PeoplearewonderingifpublichealthofficialsareholdingbacktoomuchinformationabouttherecentoutbreakofEbola.

Thereisadangerinholdingbackstoriesthatoughttobetold.BobetteBustersaiditlikethis,"Thefactis,historyhasshownusthatstoriesnottoldcanbecomelikeadangerousgenie(妖怪)leftinabottle.Whentheyarefinallyuncorked,theirpowertodestroyissetfree."

Thereareanumberofreasonswhywehidepartsofourstory:theyoftenshowourweaknessesorexposeourdisadvantages;theyrequirecourageandstrengthtoshare;andofcourse,therearesomestoriesthatshouldbekeptsecret—especiallythosethatembarrasssomeoneelse.

Mostofushavetwoselves:theonewedisplayontheoutsideandtheoneweactuallyareontheinside.Andthebetterwegetathidingthestoriesthatshowourtrueselves,themoredamagewemaybecausingtoourselvesandtoothers.

Honestyandopennessisimportant:itproveswearetrustworthy.Itdisplayswearehuman.Wearenotperfectorbetter.Ithighlightstheimportanceofhardworkandpersonaldevelopment.Hardworkmaynotallowustoovercomeourdisadvantagescompletely.Butwithhardwork,wedonothavetoberestrictedtoourmistakes.

Doesthismeanweadmiteveryweakness,everydisadvantage,andeverysecretregrettoeverybodywemeet?No,ofcoursenot.Thereisatimeandaplaceandacertainlevelofrelationshipnecessaryforsomestoriestobetoldinanappropriatemanner.（1）What'sthefunctionoftheexampleinParagraph2?A.ItreflectsthatpeopleareconcerningaboutthespreadofEbola.B.Itshowsthebadeffectcausedbysharingastory.C.Itprovesnotsharingastorycancausetrouble.D.Itconcludesthatoneshouldshareastoryatapropertime.（2）Whichiscloseinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"uncorked"inParagraph3?A.freedB.brokenC.unfoldedD.untouched（3）Oneofthereasonswhypeopleareunwillingtoshareexperiencesisthat_______.A.story-sharinghighlightstheimportanceofhardworkB.peopleareusedtoexposingtheirweaknessesC.peoplesometimeshavenocouragetosharetheirstoriesD.somestoriesmakethemselvesfeelsad（4）Thewriteraimstoconvinceusto_______.A.beopentopeopleclosetoyoubysharingsomesecretsB.sharestoriesappropriatelyforthegoodofothersandourselvesC.removethedangersthatcanbecausedbyuntoldstoriesD.realizetheimportanceofbeinghonestwhenmakingfriends【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，不分享本該被告知的故事會帶來麻煩，作者進(jìn)一步論述了人們隱藏自己故事的一部分有很多原因。同時(shí)指出有些故事需要以適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞街v述。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thereisadangerinholdingbackstoriesthatoughttobetold.”應(yīng)該講的故事被隱瞞是危險(xiǎn)的。可知，第2段的例子是用來說明不分享一個(gè)故事會引起麻煩。故選C。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“theirpowertodestroyissetfree.”他們的

毀滅力量就釋放了?？芍?，劃線詞uncorked意為“打開，釋放”之意，與A選項(xiàng)freed“解放，使自由”相近。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thereareanumberofreasonswhywehidepartsofourstory:theyoftenshowourweaknessesorexposeourdisadvantages;theyrequirecourageandstrengthtoshare;andofcourse,therearesomest