2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解真題匯編：歷2025年真題解析，提升實戰(zhàn)能力考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷PartOneReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheadventofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedconsiderabledebateacrossvarioussectors,nonemoresothaneducation.ProponentsheraldAIasatransformativeforcecapableofpersonalizinglearningexperiences,automatingadministrativetasks,andprovidinginsightsformoreeffectiveteachingstrategies.TheyenvisionAI-poweredtutorsthatcanadapttoeachstudent'space,offeringtargetedsupportandresourceswhereneededmost.Furthermore,AItoolspromisetofreeeducatorsfrommundaneduties,allowingthemtofocusmoreonpedagogicalinnovationanddirectstudentinteraction.Thepotentialtoanalyzevastamountsofstudentdataandidentifylearningpatternsalsoholdssignificantappeal,suggestingafuturewhereeducationalinterventionsaredata-drivenandhighlyprecise.Critics,however,raiselegitimateconcernsabouttheintegrationofAIintoclassrooms.Onemajorworryisthepotentialforincreasedinequality.AccesstoadvancedAItechnologiesmaybeunevenlydistributed,favoringwell-fundedinstitutionsoverunder-resourcedones.Thisdigitaldividecouldexacerbateexistingeducationaldisparitiesratherthanbridgethem.TherearealsoapprehensionsaboutthequalityofAI-drivencontent.Withoutadequatehumanoversight,algorithmsmightperpetuatebiasespresentintheirtrainingdata,leadingtoskewedorevenharmfulrecommendations.Theroleoftheteachercouldbediminished,transformingeducatorsintomerefacilitatorsofAIsystems,potentiallydevaluingthehumanelementcrucialforfosteringcriticalthinking,creativity,andsocial-emotionaldevelopment.Moreover,theconstantcollectionandanalysisofstudentdataraisesignificantprivacyissuesthatrequirecarefulconsiderationandrobustregulation.Ultimately,theimpactofAIoneducationwilldependlargelyonhowitisimplementedandregulated.SimplyintroducingAItoolswithoutathoughtfulframeworkrisksexacerbatingproblemsratherthansolvingthem.Itisimperativethatstakeholderscollaboratetodevelopethicalguidelines,ensureequitableaccess,andmaintainafocusontheholisticdevelopmentofstudents.AIshouldbeviewedasacomplementto,notareplacementfor,skilledhumanteacherswhocanprovideempathy,inspiration,andnuancedguidance.AbalancedapproachthatleveragesAI'sstrengthswhilemitigatingitsrisksisessentialforharnessingitspotentialtogenuinelyimproveeducationaloutcomesforalllearners.Questions:1.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthepotentialbenefitsproponentsassociatewithAIineducation?2.WhatspecificconcernsdocriticshaveregardingtheunequaldistributionofAItechnologyinschools?3.Theword"skewed"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)AlignedB)BiasedC)UpdatedD)Simplified4.WhatistheprimaryargumentagainstviewingAIasacompletereplacementforhumanteachers?5.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestisnecessaryfortheresponsibleimplementationofAIineducation?PassageTwoUrbanizationisanundeniablehallmarkofthe21stcentury,withmillionsmigratingtocitiesinsearchofbettereconomicopportunities,education,andlifestyle.Whilecitiesoffernumerousadvantages,theyalsopresentauniquesetofenvironmentalchallenges.Theconcentrationofpeopleinlimitedspacesleadstosignificantpressuresoninfrastructure,housing,andresources.Trafficcongestion,airpollution,andnoisepollutionarecommonplace,diminishingthequalityoflifeforresidents.Thesheervolumeofwastegeneratedinurbancentersfurtherstrainsenvironmentalsystems,highlightingtheneedforsustainablewastemanagementstrategies.Beyondtheimmediateenvironmentalimpact,rapidurbanizationoftenplacesaheavyburdenonlocaleconomies.Whilecitiesareeconomichubs,thehighcostofliving,particularlyhousing,canbeprohibitiveformany,leadingtoissueslikehomelessnessandthegrowthofinformalsettlements.Strainonpublicservicessuchastransportation,healthcare,andsanitationcanalsobecomecriticalissuesifinfrastructuredevelopmentdoesnotkeeppacewithpopulationgrowth.Socialchallengesareequallypronounced,withissuesofovercrowding,socialstratification,andsometimesincreasedcrimeratesrequiringcarefulmanagementbyurbanplannersandpolicymakers.Addressingthesemultifacetedchallengesrequiresaholisticandforward-thinkingapproach.Sustainableurbanplanningmustprioritizegreenspaces,efficientpublictransportationnetworks,andthedevelopmentofaffordablehousing.Investinginrenewableenergysourcesandimplementingstringentpollutioncontrolscanhelpmitigatetheenvironmentalfootprintofcities.Furthermore,fosteringinclusiveeconomicgrowththatbenefitsawidersegmentofthepopulationandstrengtheningsocialsafetynetsarecrucialforensuringcitiesremainviableanddesirableplacesforcurrentandfutureresidents.Ultimately,thesuccessofurbanizationhingesonourabilitytobalancegrowthwithsustainabilityandsocialequity.Questions:6.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeoftheenvironmentalpressuresresultingfromurbanization?7.Whateconomicburdendoesrapidurbanizationplaceonlocalareas,beyondjustthebenefitsitoffers?8.Theword"prohibitive"intheseventhparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)AffordableB)ConvenientC)NecessaryD)Excessive9.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestarekeycomponentsofsustainableurbanplanning?10.Whatisthemainideaofthepassageregardingthechallengesandsolutionsofurbanization?PassageThreeTheglobalfoodsystemfacesnumerousinterconnectedchallengesinthecomingdecades.Climatechangeisalteringweatherpatterns,leadingtomorefrequentandseveredroughts,floods,andunseasonaleventsthatdisruptcropyieldsandthreatenfoodsecurity.Risingtemperaturesandchangingprecipitationcanrendertraditionalfarmingpracticesobsoleteinmanyregions,requiringsignificantadaptation.Alongsideenvironmentalpressures,populationgrowthcontinuestoexertimmensedemandonagriculturalresources,puttingfurtherstrainonthesystem.Achievingsustainablefoodproductionwhilemeetingtheneedsofaburgeoningglobalpopulationisacomplexpuzzle.Therelianceonalimitednumberofstaplecropsandthepracticesassociatedwithmodernindustrialagriculturealsoposerisks.monoculturefarmingcandepletesoilnutrientsandincreasevulnerabilitytopestsanddiseases.Theextensiveuseofchemicalfertilizersandpesticides,whileboostingshort-termyields,canhavedetrimentallong-termeffectsonsoilhealth,waterquality,andbiodiversity.Furthermore,theenergy-intensivenatureofmanycurrentfoodproductionanddistributionmethodscontributessignificantlytogreenhousegasemissions,exacerbatingtheclimatecrisis.Addressingtheseissuesnecessitatesaparadigmshifttowardsmoreresilientandsustainableagriculturalmethods.Promisingsolutionsareemerging,drivenbyinnovationandagrowingawarenessoftheneedforchange.Techniquessuchasprecisionagriculture,whichusestechnologytooptimizeresourceuse,verticalfarming,whichmaximizeslandefficiencyinurbanenvironments,andthedevelopmentofdrought-resistantcropvarietiesofferpathwaystowardsmoresustainableproduction.Investinginagroecology,whichpromotesecologicalprinciplesinfarming,canenhancebiodiversity,soilhealth,andresilience.Reducingfoodwastethroughoutthesupplychain,fromfarmtotable,isanothercriticalcomponent.Ultimately,ensuringasustainableandsecureglobalfoodfuturerequirescoordinatedeffortsacrosstheentirefoodsystem,involvingfarmers,researchers,policymakers,andconsumers.Questions:11.Whataresomewaysinwhichclimatechangeisimpactingagriculturalproductionglobally?12.Whatrisksareassociatedwiththecurrentrelianceonmonoculturefarmingandchemicalinputs?13.Theword"detrimental"intheninthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)BeneficialB)SustainableC)NegativeD)Efficient14.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasexamplesofemerginginnovativeagriculturaltechniques?15.Whatisthepassageprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing?PassageFourTheconceptof"work-lifebalance"hasbecomeincreasinglycentralindiscussionsaboutmodernemployment,yetitsinterpretationandimplementationremainhighlycontested.Traditionally,theboundarybetweenworkandpersonallifewasrelativelyclear,definedbyphysicallocationandsetworkinghours.Theriseofdigitaltechnology,however,hasblurredtheselines.Smartphonesandlaptopsenableconstantconnectivity,allowingworktopermeatepersonaltimeandspaces.Whilethisflexibilityoffersbenefitslikeremoteworkoptionsandtheabilitytorespondquicklytourgentmatters,italsofostersanenvironmentwhereemployeesfeelpressuredtobealwaysavailable,oftenleadingtoburnoutanddiminishedpersonalwell-being.Employersplayacrucialroleinshapingthework-lifebalanceculturewithinanorganization.Arigid,inflexibleapproachthatdemandsconstantavailabilitywithoutadequaterecognitionorsupportforpersonallifecanquicklydemotivateemployeesandleadtohighturnoverrates.Conversely,anoverlypermissiveenvironmentwhereworkexpectationsare模糊orboundariesareignoredcanresultinunproductiveworkflowsandalackofaccountability.Strikingtherightbalancerequiresanuancedapproachthatacknowledgestheneedforproductivitywhilerespectingemployees'autonomyandpersonaltime.Thismightinvolveimplementingclearpoliciesregardingafter-hourscommunication,encouragingtheuseofvacationtime,andfosteringaculturewhereemployeesfeelcomfortablesettingboundaries.Foremployees,navigatingthecomplexitiesofwork-lifebalancealsorequiresproactivestrategies.Settingfirmboundaries,suchasdesignatingspecifictimesforcheckingworkemailsoutsideofhours,canhelpcreateaseparationbetweenprofessionalandpersonallife.Prioritizingtasksandlearningtosaynowhenworkloadsbecomeoverwhelmingareessentialskills.Utilizingavailableresourceslikeflexibleschedulingorremoteworkoptions,whenfeasible,canalsocontributetoahealthierequilibrium.Ultimately,achievingwork-lifebalanceisanongoingnegotiationthatinvolvesbothindividualdisciplineandorganizationalsupport.Asthenatureofworkcontinuestoevolve,findingeffectivewaystointegrateprofessionalresponsibilitieswithpersonalliferemainsacriticalchallengeforindividualsandbusinessesalike.Questions:16.Howhastheriseofdigitaltechnologyaffectedthetraditionalboundarybetweenworkandpersonallife?17.Whatnegativeconsequencescanarisefromaworkculturethatistoorigidanddemandsconstantavailability?18.Theword"nuanced"inthetenthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)SimpleB)Clear-cutC)MultifacetedD)Unimportant19.Whataresomestrategiesemployeescanemploytomanagetheirwork-lifebalance?20.Whatisthemainargumentofthepassageregardingthechallengeofwork-lifebalance?---試卷答案PartOneReadingComprehensionQuestions:1.C**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"benefitsproponentsassociatewithAIineducation"定位至第一段。該段首句明確提出支持者認為AI能"personalizelearningexperiences,automatingadministrativetasks,andprovidinginsightsformoreeffectiveteachingstrategies"，即個性化學習體驗、自動化行政任務、提供更有效教學策略的見解。選項C"Personalizinglearningexperiencesandautomatingadministrativetasks"與此信息最匹配。2.A**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"unequaldistributionofAItechnologyinschools"定位至第二段。該段明確提到"AccesstoadvancedAItechnologiesmaybeunevenlydistributed,favoringwell-fundedinstitutionsoverunder-resourcedones"，即先進AI技術(shù)的獲取可能不均衡，偏愛資金充足的機構(gòu)而忽視資源不足的機構(gòu)。選項A"Unevenlydistributed,favoringwell-fundedinstitutions"直接反映了原文信息。3.B**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"skewed"定位至第二段。該詞出現(xiàn)在描述AI內(nèi)容質(zhì)量的擔憂句中"Withoutadequatehumanoversight,algorithmsmightperpetuatebiasespresentintheirtrainingdata,leadingtoskewedorevenharmfulrecommendations"。結(jié)合語境，skewed在此處應指信息或推薦結(jié)果存在偏見、不公正。選項B"Biased"與此意思最接近。4.D**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"primaryargumentagainstviewingAIasacompletereplacementforhumanteachers"定位至第二段末句和第三段。第二段末提到AI不能替代教師提供同理心、啟發(fā)性和指導。第三段強調(diào)"AIshouldbeviewedasacomplementto,notareplacementfor,skilledhumanteachers"，即AI應是補充而非替代。核心論點在于維持人類教師在教育中的關(guān)鍵作用，選項D"Maintainingthekeyroleofhumanteachers"概括了此核心論點。5.E**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"necessaryfortheresponsibleimplementationofAIineducation"定位至第三段最后一句。該句指出"Itisimperativethatstakeholderscollaboratetodevelopethicalguidelines,ensureequitableaccess,andmaintainafocusontheholisticdevelopmentofstudents"，即需要利益相關(guān)者合作制定道德準則、確保公平獲取、關(guān)注學生的全面發(fā)展。選項E"Collaborationtodevelopethicalguidelines,ensureequitableaccess,andfocusonholisticstudentdevelopment"概括了原文提到的必要條件。6.A**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"environmentalpressuresresultingfromurbanization"定位至第一段。該段明確提到了"Trafficcongestion,airpollution,andnoisepollutionarecommonplace,diminishingthequalityoflife"，即交通擁堵、空氣污染和噪音污染是常見的環(huán)境壓力。選項A"Trafficcongestion,airpollution,andnoisepollution"與原文信息一致。7.D**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"economicburden...localareas"定位至第二段。該段提到"Thehighcostofliving,particularlyhousing,canbeprohibitiveformany,leadingtoissueslikehomelessnessandthegrowthofinformalsettlements"，即生活成本高昂，尤其是住房成本過高，對許多人來說難以承受，導致無家可歸和非正規(guī)定居點增長。選項D"Excessivecostofliving,particularlyhousing"反映了原文信息。8.D**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"prohibitive"定位至第七段。該段描述住房成本問題"Thehighcostofliving,particularlyhousing,canbeprohibitiveformany"，即高昂的生活成本，尤其是住房成本，對許多人來說過于高昂（難以負擔）。選項D"Excessive"意為過度的、過高的，與原文中"prohibitive"（高得令人無法負擔）的意思最接近。9.A**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"keycomponentsofsustainableurbanplanning"定位至第八段。該段提到"Sustainableurbanplanningmustprioritizegreenspaces,efficientpublictransportationnetworks,andthedevelopmentofaffordablehousing"，即可持續(xù)城市規(guī)劃必須優(yōu)先考慮綠地、高效的公共交通網(wǎng)絡和可負擔住房的發(fā)展。選項A"Prioritizinggreenspaces,efficientpublictransport,andaffordablehousing"概括了原文提到的關(guān)鍵組成部分。10.B**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"mainideaofthepassageregardingchallengesandsolutions"通讀第八段。該段首先指出城市面臨的挑戰(zhàn)（經(jīng)濟、社會），然后提出了應對這些挑戰(zhàn)的綜合性方法（可持續(xù)規(guī)劃、基礎設施、經(jīng)濟包容性、社會安全網(wǎng)）。文章的核心是討論如何通過綜合方法解決城市化帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。選項B"Addressingurbanchallengesthroughintegratedapproacheslikesustainableplanningandinfrastructureinvestment"準確概括了文章主旨。11.A**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"climatechangeimpactingagriculturalproduction"定位至第一段。該段明確提到"Climatechangeisalteringweatherpatterns,leadingtomorefrequentandseveredroughts,floods,andunseasonaleventsthatdisruptcropyieldsandthreatenfoodsecurity"，即氣候變化正在改變天氣模式，導致更頻繁、更嚴重的干旱、洪水和不正常的天氣事件，這些事件破壞了作物產(chǎn)量并威脅到糧食安全。選項A"Alteringweatherpatterns,leadingtodroughts,floods,andunseasonaleventsthatdisruptcropyields"概括了原文信息。12.C**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"risksassociatedwithmonoculturefarmingandchemicalinputs"定位至第九段。該段提到"monoculturefarmingcandepletesoilnutrientsandincreasevulnerabilitytopestsanddiseases.Theextensiveuseofchemicalfertilizersandpesticides...canhavedetrimentallong-termeffectsonsoilhealth,waterquality,andbiodiversity"，即單一耕作會耗盡土壤養(yǎng)分并增加病蟲害的易感性；化學肥料和農(nóng)藥的廣泛使用會對土壤健康、水質(zhì)和生物多樣性產(chǎn)生長期的負面影響。選項C"Depletingsoilnutrients,increasingvulnerabilitytopests,havingnegativelong-termeffectsonsoilhealthandbiodiversity"概括了原文提到的風險。13.C**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"detrimental"定位至第九段。該詞出現(xiàn)在描述化學投入品的負面影響的句子中"...canhavedetrimentallong-termeffectsonsoilhealth,waterquality,andbiodiversity"。結(jié)合語境，detrimental在此處應指對土壤健康、水質(zhì)和生物多樣性產(chǎn)生有害的、不利的影響。選項C"Negative"與此意思最接近。14.A**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"emerginginnovativeagriculturaltechniques"定位至第十段。該段明確列舉了"Techniquessuchasprecisionagriculture...verticalfarming...thedevelopmentofdrought-resistantcropvarieties"，即精準農(nóng)業(yè)、垂直農(nóng)業(yè)、抗旱作物品種的開發(fā)等。選項A"Precisionagriculture,verticalfarming,developmentofdrought-resistantcropvarieties"直接對應了原文提到的例子。15.B**解析思路：*根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"primaryconcern"或通讀第三段，該段主要討論了農(nóng)業(yè)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)（氣候變化、依賴問題、環(huán)境風險）以及應對這些挑戰(zhàn)的解決方案（創(chuàng)新技術(shù)、生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)、減少浪費）。文章的核心是圍繞農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)性和未來發(fā)展進行討論。選項B"Sustainableandfuturedirectionsofglobalfoodproduc