Unit4

ScientistswhochangedtheworldWelcometotheunit

&Reading(I)Whodowerefertowhentalkingabout“scientists”?Lead-inEinstein&HawkingYuanLongping&WuMengchaoLead-inThescientistismotivatedprimarilybycuriosityandadesirefortruth.

—IrvingLangmuirWelcometotheunitYuanLongping●In1953,he________________

South-westAgriculturalCollege.●Inthe1970s,he___________thefirsthybridricevarieties.StephenHawking●He_____________thefieldofgeneralrelativity.●In

1988,ABriefHistoryofTimewaspublishedandstayedonabestsellerlistfor___________.Scientistswhochangedtheworldgraduatedfromsucceededindeveloping

madegreatcontributionsto237weeksWelcometotheunitPre-readingWhatdoyouknowabouttheNobelPrize?TheNobelPrizeisnotasingleprize,butfiveseparateprizesthat,accordingtoAlfredNobel‘swillof1895,areawardedto“thosewho,duringtheprecedingyear,haveconferredthegreatestbenefittohumankind”.NobelPrizesareawardedinthefieldsofPhysics,Chemistry,PhysiologyorMedicine,Literature,andPeaceNobelPrizesarewidelyregardedasthemostprestigiousawardsavailableintheirrespectivefields.MoYanTuYouyouPara.1:TuYouyouwonaNobelPrizein2015forherdiscoveryofqinghaosu.Part1TheleadPart2MoredetailedinformationabouttheeventPara.2:___________________________________________________________________________________________Paras.3-5:____________________________________________________________________________________Chinesescientistwins2015NobelPrizePara.6:________________________________TheheadlinePart3BackgroundorsupportinginformationTuYouyouandherteam’seffortsfinallypaidoff.TuYouyouacquiredabroadknowledgeofbothtraditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine.

TuYouyouandherteamsolvedalotofproblemsbeforetheysuccessfullydiscoveredqinghaosu.FastreadingReadforthestructure.Para1TuYouyouwonaNobelPrizein2015forherd_______ofqinghaosu.Para2Thebriefi__________ofTuYouyou.Para(3-5)Thee_____ofTuandherteamPara6Thesuccessands__________ofTuYouyou’sdiscoveryofqinghaosu.LeadBody1TailiscoveryntroductionffortsignificanceBody2FastreadingReadforthestructure.FastreadingReadfortheleadofthenewsreport.TuYouyouhasbecomethefirstfemalescientistofthePeople’sRepublicofChinatoreceiveaNobelPrize,awardedforhercontributiontothefightagainstmalaria,oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory.Thankstoherdiscoveryofqinghaosu,malariapatientsallovertheworldnowhaveagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.Whatisthemainideaofthelead?Whatshouldbeincludedinalead?Whatshouldbeprovidedintherestpart?Detailsandbackgroundinformation.While-readingDetailed-reading(Lead)TuYouyouhasbecomethefirstfemalescientistofthePeople'sRepublicofChinatoreceiveaNobelPrize,awardedforhercontributiontothefightagainstmalaria,oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory.Thankstoherdiscoveryofqinghaosu,malariapatientsallovertheworldnowhavehadagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.Readparagraph1,andfindoutthe5W1H.TuYouyouReceiveaNobelPrizeIn2015ForhercontributiontothefightagainstmalariaWhoWhatWhenWhyWhereHowWhile-readingDetailed-reading(Lead)TuYouyouReceiveaNobelPrizeIn2015ForhercontributiontothefightagainstmalariaWhoWhatWhenWhyWhereHowTuYouyouhasbecomethefirstfemalescientistofthePeople'sRepublicofChinatoreceiveaNobelPrize,awardedforhercontributiontothefightagainstmalaria,oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory.Thankstoherdiscoveryofqinghaosu,malariapatientsallovertheworldnowhavehadagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.Readparagraph1,andfindoutthe5W1H.HowhasTuYouyou’sdiscoveryimpactedmalariapatientsworldwide?Ithasreducedthecostofmalariatreatment.Ithasledtoacompletecureformalaria.Ithassignificantlyimprovedtheirsurvivalrates.Ithasmademalariatreatmentmoreaccessible.C2.WhydoestheauthormentionTuYouyou’sNobelPrize?Toemphasizetheimportanceoffemalescientistsinthescientificcommunity.TohighlightthesignificanceofChinesescientificresearchonaglobalscale.TorecognizeTu’soutstandingcontributiontofightingadeadlydisease.ToimprovetheuseoftraditionalChinesemedicineinmodernmedicaltreatments.CWhile-readingDetailed-reading(Body1)Para2:ThebriefintroductionofTuYouyouNameTuYouyouYearofBirthBirthplaceEducationJobIn1930InNingbo，ZhejiangProvinceShestudied__________

at

university.Sheworked

atthe

______________________________________.AcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicinemedicineWhile-readingDetailed-reading(Body1)Para2:ThebriefintroductionofTuYouyouBornin1930,inNingbo,ZhejiangProvince,TustudiedmedicineatuniversityinBeijingbetween1951and1955.Aftergraduation,sheworkedattheAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicine.ShecompletedfurthertrainingcoursesintraditionalChinesemedicine,acquiringabroadknowledgeofbothtraditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine.FromPara2,wecanlearnthatTuYouyouisanexpertinboth______________and______________.1.WhydidTudecidetopursuefurtherstudiesintraditionalChinesemedicineaftergraduation?ShewantedtospecializeinWesternmedicine.Shesoughttobroadenherknowledgeinthefield.Shewasdissatisfiedwithheruniversityeducation.Sheintendedtochangehercareerpath.B19301951-19551969197219712015borninNingbo,ZhejiangProvincestudiedmedicineatuniversityinBeijingbecameheadofateamthatintendedtofindacureformalariasucceededinmakingqinghaoextractthatcouldtreatmalariainmicesuccessfullydiscoveredqinghaosuwontheNobelPrizeWhile-readingPara(2-6)：FinishthetimelineDetailed-reading(Body+Tail)19301951-19551969197219712015borninNingbo,ZhejiangProvincestudiedmedicineatuniversityinBeijingbecameheadofateamthatintendedtofindacureformalariasucceededinmakingqinghaoextractthatcouldtreatmalariainmicesuccessfullydiscoveredqinghaosuwontheNobelPrizeWhile-readingPara(2-6)：FinishthetimelineDetailed-reading(Body+Tail)asmooth(順利的)process?While-readingDetailed-reading(Para3)While-readingDetailed-reading(Body2)Para3：FinishthetableWhathappened?ThenwhatdidTudo?Theyfailedtoproduceanypromising(有希望的)results.TureferredtotheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicineagain.Tuwasinspired(受…啟發(fā))byanover1,600-year-oldtextaboutpreparingqinghaoextractwithcoldwater.Turedesignedtheexperimentsandtriedextractingtheherbatalowtemperatureinordernottodamageitseffectivepart.Inthe1960s,manypeopleweredyingofmalaria,andin1969Tubecameheadofateamthatintendedtofindacureforthedisease.Tucollectedover2,000traditionalChinesemedicalrecipes(配方)formalariatreatmentandmadehundredsofextractsfromdifferentherbs(草藥).While-readingDetailed-reading(Para3)Notasmoothprocess!While-readingDetailed-reading(Para3)1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutTu’sresearchprocessistrue?Shecollectedover2,000recipesspecificallyforqinghaoextract.Shegaveupafter190failuresbeforefinallysucceeding.Shesucceededintreatingmalariainhumanson4October1971.Sheredesignedtheexperimentsbasedona1,600-year-oldtext.DWhile-readingTheextractsfailedtoproduceanypromisingresults.TureferredtotheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicineagain,redesignedtheexperimentsandtriedSolutionsProblemsDetailed-reading(Body2)Readingtip:Pleasepayattentiontothesignalwords(negativewords).While-readingDetailed-reading(Para4)1.WhatattitudedidTuandherteamdisplaytowardstheirresearchchallenges?Frustrationanddespair.Determinationandresilience.Indifferenceandneglect.Hesitationanddoubt.BWhile-readingTheextractsfailedtoproduceanypromisingresults.TureferredtotheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicineagain,redesignedtheexperimentsandtriedSolutionsProblemsTuandherteamcouldnotproduce_____________________because____________________________.Theymanagedto____________,e.g.using_________________________insteadofresearchequipment.Detailed-reading(Body2)enoughqinghaoextractresearchresourceswerelimitedfindsolutionshouseholdwatercontainersWhile-readingDetailed-reading(Para5)1.WhatcanbeinferredaboutTu’sattitudetowardsherresearch?Shewashesitanttotesttheextractonherself.Shewasunconcernedaboutthesafetyoftheextract.Shewaswillingtotakerisksforthesakeofherresearch.Shebelievedthatfundingwasthekeytosuccess.CWhile-readingTheextractsfailedtoproduceanypromisingresults.TureferredtotheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicineagain,redesignedtheexperimentsandtriedSolutionsProblemsTuandherteamcouldnotproduceenoughqinghaoextractbecauseresearchresourceswerelimited.Tuandherteamdidnothave__________________tostarttrialsonpatients.Theyvolunteeredto___________________________first.Theymanagedtofindsolutions,e.g.usinghouseholdwatercontainersinsteadofresearchequipment.Detailed-reading(Body2)sufficientsafetydatatestqinghaoextractonthemselvesWhile-readingDetailed-reading(Tail)Para6:What’sthesignificance(意義)ofTu’sdiscoveryofqinghaosu?Qinghaosuhassincebenefitedabout200millionmalariapatients.(L34)MalariaPatientsallovertheworldnowhavehadagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.（L5）FortheworldAbreakthrough(突破)ofChineseresearchwork.