高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1北京市石景山2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Itwasacoldevening,andthebuswasunusuallycrowded.Imanagedtofitintoaseatnexttoanelderlyman,whogavemeasmilebeforereturningtohis____1____.Acrossfromme,ayoungwomanwithachildsatquietly,herhandstightlywrappedaroundasmallbag.Thechildwas____2____,shiftinginhismother’slap.Everyfewminutes,hewouldglanceattheoldman’sbookwithcuriosity.Theman,noticingthis,____3____thebookslightlysothechildcouldseethepictures.Thelittleboy’seyeslitup.Thebus____4____suddenly,andthewoman’sbagslippedfromherhands.Coinsandpapersspilledontothefloor.Shetriedto____5____herbelongings.Severalpassengerslookedaway,pretendingnottonotice.Theelderlyman,however,reactedinstantly.He____6____,grabbingafewbills,andhandedthemtoher.“Hereyougo,”hesaidwarmly.Thewomansmiled____7____.Afewstopslater,theelderlymanstooduptoleave.Justashereachedthedoor,thelittleboywavedandcalledout,“Bye-bye”Themanturnedback,hisfaceglowingwith____8____.Asthebuspulledaway,Isattherethinkingabouthowasmallactof____9____couldbrightenastranger’sday.Thewarmthofthatsimpleexchangestayedwithmelongaftertheridewasover.Sometimes,thesmallestgesturesleavethebiggest____10____.1.A.child B.book C.seat D.ticket2.A.patient B.uneasy C.noisy D.brave3.A.opened B.hid C.turned D.lent4.A.rocked B.overheated C.exploded D.arrived5.A.replace B.deliver C.purchase D.collect6.A.bentdown B.turneddown C.satdown D.calmeddown7.A.helpfully B.doubtfully C.hopefully D.gratefully8.A.interest B.fire C.joy D.confusion9.A.forgiveness B.happiness C.kindness D.fairness10.A.impact B.question C.courage D.imagination【答案】1.B2.B3.C4.A5.D6.A7.D8.C9.C10.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了公交車上老人通過善意舉動(dòng)溫暖他人，展現(xiàn)小善舉的大影響?！?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我勉強(qiáng)擠到一位老人旁邊的座位上，他沖我笑了笑，然后又看他的書了。A.child孩子；B.book書；C.seat座位；D.ticket票。根據(jù)下文“Everyfewminutes,hewouldglanceattheoldman’sbookwithcuriosity.”可知，孩子好奇地看老人的書，說明老人在看的是書，作者在他身邊坐下后，他沖作者笑了笑，然后又繼續(xù)看書。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子坐立不安，在媽媽的膝上動(dòng)來動(dòng)去。A.patient有耐心的；B.uneasy不安的；C.noisy吵鬧的；D.brave勇敢的。根據(jù)下文的“shiftinginhismother’slap”可知，孩子在媽媽膝上動(dòng)來動(dòng)去，說明他坐立不安。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：老人注意到了這一點(diǎn)，稍微把書轉(zhuǎn)了一下，好讓孩子能看到圖片。A.opened打開；B.hid隱藏；C.turned轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；D.lent借出。根據(jù)下文的“sothechildcouldseethepictures”可知，為了讓孩子能看到圖畫，老人應(yīng)該是轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)書本。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：公交車突然晃動(dòng)了一下，女人的包從手里滑了下來。A.rocked搖晃；B.overheated過熱；C.exploded爆炸；D.arrived到達(dá)。根據(jù)下文的“andthewoman’sbagslippedfromherhands.”可知，包滑落是因?yàn)楣卉嚮蝿?dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她試圖收起她的東西。A.replace代替；B.deliver遞送；C.purchase購買；D.collect收集。根據(jù)上文的“Coinsandpapersspilledontothefloor”可知，東西散落一地，她要收集起來。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他彎下腰，抓起幾張鈔票遞給她。A.bentdown彎腰；B.turneddown拒絕；C.satdown坐下；D.calmeddown冷靜。根據(jù)語境和上文的“Coinsandpapersspilledontothefloor.Shetriedto______herbelongings.”以及下文的“grabbingafewbills,andhandedthemtoher.”可知，老人坐在座位上，要撿起地上的錢需要彎腰。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：女人感激地笑了。A.helpfully有幫助地；B.doubtfully懷疑地；C.hopefully有希望地；D.gratefully感激地。根據(jù)上文“He______,grabbingafewbills,andhandedthemtoher.“Hereyougo,”hesaidwarmly.”可知，老人幫她撿起錢并遞給她，她應(yīng)是感激地笑。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：男人轉(zhuǎn)過身來，臉上洋溢著喜悅。A.interest興趣；B.fire火；C.joy喜悅；D.confusion困惑。根據(jù)上文的“Justashereachedthedoor,thelittleboywavedandcalledout,“Bye-bye””可知，孩子向他揮手道別，他應(yīng)是喜悅的。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)公交車開走時(shí)，我坐在那里思考一個(gè)小小的善舉如何能照亮陌生人的一天。A.forgiveness原諒；B.happiness幸福；C.kindness善良；D.fairness公平。根據(jù)上文“Theman,noticingthis,

________

thebookslightlysothechildcouldseethepictures.Thelittleboy’seyeslitup.”以及“He______,grabbingafewbills,andhandedthemtoher.“Hereyougo,”hesaidwarmly.”可知，老人轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)書讓孩子可以看到書上的圖片以及幫助撿拾掉在地上的錢并交給女士的行為是善舉，所以，此處指的是小小的善舉。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)候，最微小的舉動(dòng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生最大的影響。A.impact影響；B.question問題；C.courage勇氣；D.imagination想象。根據(jù)上文“Thewarmthofthatsimpleexchangestayedwithmelongaftertheridewasover.”可知，那次簡單交流帶來的暖意始終縈繞在作者的腦海，由此可知，這件小事情對(duì)作者有大影響。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Chocolateisoneoftheworld’smostpopulartreats.Itcomesfromcacaobeans.____11____areroastedandgroundtocreatechocolateproducts.Many____12____(company)addmilk,sugar,andflavorstomakedifferenttypesofchocolate.Somestudiessuggestthatdarkchocolatehashealthbenefits.Thewaythatchocolateismadehaschangedovertime,but____13____(it)popularitycontinuestogrew.【答案】11.which12.companies13.its【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了巧克力的來源、制作原料、種類及受歡迎程度等情況?！?1題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：它來自可可豆，可可豆經(jīng)過烘焙和研磨制成巧克力產(chǎn)品。此處為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞為cacaobeans，指物，在從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which?！?2題詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：許多公司添加牛奶、糖和香料來制作不同種類的巧克力。company為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)many可知，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式companies。故填companies?！?3題詳析】考查代詞。句意：巧克力的制作方法隨著時(shí)間的推移發(fā)生了變化，但它的受歡迎程度持續(xù)上升。此處修飾名詞popularity，用it的形容詞性物主代詞its，意為“它的”。故填its。B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Davidhadalwaysdreamedofbecomingaphotographer.Oneday,whiletravelingthroughthemountains,he____14____(spot)ararebirdonabranch.Hequicklygrabbedhiscamerabutrealizedthatthebirdmightflyawayifhemovedtoofast.____15____(careful),headjustedhiscameraandcapturedtheperfectshot.Theexperiencemadehimdeeplyappreciatethebeautyofnatureandthepatience____16____(require)forphotography.【答案】14.spotted15.Carefully16.required【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了一直夢(mèng)想成為攝影師的大衛(wèi)，在山上旅行時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)稀有鳥類并成功拍照的經(jīng)歷，使他體會(huì)到自然之美和攝影所需的耐心?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：一天，在山中旅行時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)樹枝上有一只稀有鳥類。此處為謂語動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合下文的謂語動(dòng)詞grabbed以及句意可知，此處描述過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用一般過去時(shí)，所以謂語動(dòng)詞為spot的過去式spotted。故填spotted。【15題詳析】考查副詞。句意：他小心翼翼地調(diào)整相機(jī)，拍下了完美的照片。此處修飾動(dòng)詞adjusted，用careful的副詞carefully，意為“小心翼翼地”，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填Carefully。【16題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這次經(jīng)歷讓他深刻體會(huì)到大自然的美以及攝影所需的耐心。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語，patience與require為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用require的過去分詞required作后置定語。故填required。C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。There____17____(be)arapidincreaseintheuseofelectricvehiclesoverthepastdecade.Manygovernmentsarepromotingthem____18____(reduce)pollution.Batterytechnologyisconstantlyimproving,____19____(allow)carstotravellongerdistancesonasinglecharge.Thisshifthasledtoadecreaseingasconsumptionandareductionincarbonrelease.Expertspredictafuturedependent____20____cleanenergyandsustainabletransportation.【答案】17.hasbeen18.toreduce19.allowing20.on/upon【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是過去十年間電動(dòng)汽車的快速普及，及其在減少污染、改善電池技術(shù)、降低碳排放方面的影響，并展望了清潔能源和可持續(xù)交通的未來?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：過去十年，電動(dòng)汽車的使用量迅速增加。此處為therebe句型的謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“overthepastdecade”可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語“arapidincrease”為單數(shù)，所以用hasbeen。故填hasbeen。【18題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：許多政府正在推廣電動(dòng)汽車以減少污染。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，結(jié)合句意，此處表示“為了減少”，所以用toreduce作目的狀語。故填toreduce?！?9題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：電池技術(shù)在不斷進(jìn)步，使得汽車一次充電就能行駛更長的距離。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，前面整個(gè)句子所講述的內(nèi)容與allow為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞allowing。故填allowing。【20題詳析】考查介詞。句意：專家預(yù)測未來將依賴清潔能源和可持續(xù)交通。此處為固定搭配dependenton/upon，意為“依賴于”，所以用介詞on/upon。故填on/upon。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheStudentVolunteerProgram(SVP)isaschool-runinitiativethatprovidesstudentswithopportunitiestocontributetotheirlocalcommunitieswhilegainingvaluableexperience.WhatdoesSVPoffer?SVPconnectsstudentswithvariousorganizationsthatneedvolunteers.Studentscanparticipateinactivitiessuchastutoringyoungerstudents,helpingatcommunityevents,andassistinginenvironmentalprojects.Volunteersworkinteams,allowingthemtodevelopteamworkandleadershipskills.Howtoapply?Studentsmustbecurrentlyenrolledinahighschoolorcollegeprogram.Theyshouldhaveastronginterestincommunityserviceandawillingnesstocommitatleasttwohoursperweek.ApplicationsforthenewtermwillopenonOctober15,2025,at10AM.WaitingListIfapositionisfull,studentsmayjointhewaitinglist.Theywillreceiveanemailnotificationifaspotbecomesavailable.Studentsonthewaitinglistareassignedanumberindicatingtheirpositioninline.CancellationPolicyIfastudentmissesthreescheduledvolunteersessionswithoutnotice,theywillberemovedfromtheprogram.Anotificationemailwillbesentbeforeremoval.Ifastudentbelievestheywereremovedinerror,theycancontactsvp@forclarification.21.WhatisoneofthebenefitsofjoiningSVP?A.Attendingschoollectures. B.Developingteamworkskills.C.Choosingvolunteerhoursfreely. D.Gettingpaidforcommunitywork.22.WhathappensifallpositionsinSVParefull?A.Studentscanjoinawaitinglist. B.StudentscannotparticipateinSVPC.Studentsmustreapplythenextterm. D.Studentswillbegivenanotherposition.23.WhymightastudentberemovedfromSVP?A.Theymissthreesessionswithoutnotice.B.Theyfailtosubmittheirapplicationontime.C.Theyforgettochecktheiremailnotifications.D.Theydonotcontacttheirassignedorganization.【答案】21.B22.A23.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了學(xué)生志愿者項(xiàng)目（SVP），包括該項(xiàng)目為學(xué)生提供的機(jī)會(huì)、活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、申請(qǐng)條件、候補(bǔ)名單規(guī)則以及取消資格政策等信息，旨在讓學(xué)生了解如何參與并從中獲益。【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Volunteersworkinteams,allowingthemtodevelopteamworkandleadershipskills(志愿者以團(tuán)隊(duì)形式工作，這使他們能夠培養(yǎng)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力)”可知，加入SVP的好處之一是能培養(yǎng)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作技能。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“WaitingList”部分中“Ifapositionisfull,studentsmayjointhewaitinglist(如果職位已滿，學(xué)生可以加入候補(bǔ)名單)”可知，當(dāng)SVP的所有職位都滿了時(shí)，學(xué)生可以加入候補(bǔ)名單。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“CancellationPolicy”部分中“Ifastudentmissesthreescheduledvolunteersessionswithoutnotice,theywillberemovedfromtheprogram(如果學(xué)生無故錯(cuò)過三次預(yù)定的志愿者活動(dòng)，他們將被從項(xiàng)目中移除)”可知，學(xué)生可能被從SVP中移除的原因是無故錯(cuò)過三次活動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)。BMynameisKevin.Ayearago,Istruggledwithself-doubtthatheldmebackfromtakingchances.IfearedfailuresomuchthatIavoidedtryingnewthingsaltogether.Ioftenthought,WhatifIfail?WhatifI’mnotgoodenough?Thesethoughtsbecameinvisiblebarriersbetweenmeandmypotential,makingmefeelsmallevenbeforeIbegan.Oneday,myschoolorganizedatalkbymountainclimberEricDawson.Hespokeabouthisjourneyofovercomingphysicalandmentalchallengestoreachthehighestpeaksintheworld.Hiswordslitasparkinme,makingmerealizethatfearoffailureshouldnotstopmefromtakingaction.Idecidedtoapproachhimafterthetalk,somethingIwouldhaveneverdaredbefore.ThatsmallconversationgavemeapushIdesperatelyneeded.Helookedmeintheeyeandsaid“Thefirststepisthehardest—butit’stheonethatchangeseverything.”Amonthlater,Isignedupforaleadershipcampatmyschool.Ihesitatedbeforesubmittingtheapplication,butrememberingDawson’swords,Idecidedtogiveitatry.Atthecamp,Iwasencouragedtostepoutofmycomfortzone.Itookpartinactivitiesthatforcedmetospeakup,workinateam,andmakedecisionsquickly.Ievenledagroupproject,somethingIwould’verunfrombefore.Forthefirsttime,Isawmyselfassomeonecapable.Lookingback,Irealizethattheonlythingholdingmebackwasmyownfear.Weoftenwaitfortheperfectmoment,butthetruthis,confidencecomesfromaction.notwaiting.Ifwenevertakethefirststep,wewillalwaysremainstuckinthesameplace.Takingthatstepchangedeverythingforme—anditcanforanyone.24.WhatpreventedKevinfromtryingnewthings?A.Hisphysicalweakness. B.Hislackofexperience.C.Hisfearoffailure. D.Hisunwillingnesstolearn.25.HowdidEricDawson’stalkchangeKevin?A.Ittaughthimhowtohandlepressure. B.Itencouragedhimtotakethefirststep.C.Itmadehimmoredeterminedtosucceed. D.Ithelpedhimdiscoverhispassionforclimbing.26.WhatdidKevindoattheleadershipcamp?A.HeworkedwithEricDawson. B.Heavoidedtryingnewthings.C.Heorganizedaproject. D.Hestayedinhiscomfortzone.27.WhatlessondidKevinlearnfromhisexperience?A.Failureisnotanoption. B.Teamworkguaranteessuccess.C.Perfectionispossibletoachieve. D.Confidencecomesfromtakingaction.【答案】24.C25.B26.C27.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述Kevin從充滿自我懷疑到勇于嘗試，最終突破自我的經(jīng)歷及感悟。【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“IfearedfailuresomuchthatIavoidedtryingnewthingsaltogether.(我非常害怕失敗，以至于完全避免嘗試新事物。)”可知，是對(duì)失敗的恐懼阻止了Kevin嘗試新事物。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Hiswordslitasparkinme,makingmerealizethatfearoffailureshouldnotstopmefromtakingaction.Idecidedtoapproachhimafterthetalk,somethingIwouldhaveneverdaredbefore.ThatsmallconversationgavemeapushIdesperatelyneeded.Helookedmeintheeyeandsaid“Thefirststepisthehardest—butit’stheonethatchangeseverything.”(他的話在我心中點(diǎn)燃了火花，讓我意識(shí)到對(duì)失敗的恐懼不應(yīng)阻止我采取行動(dòng)。講座結(jié)束后，我決定去接近他——這是我以前絕不敢做的事。那次簡短的對(duì)話給了我迫切需要的動(dòng)力。他直視著我的眼睛說：“第一步是最艱難的，但正是這一步改變了一切。”)”可知，EricDawson的演講鼓勵(lì)Kevin邁出第一步。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ievenledagroupproject,somethingIwould’verunfrombefore.(我甚至領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了一個(gè)小組項(xiàng)目，這是我以前會(huì)逃避的事情。)”可知，Kevin在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力訓(xùn)練營組織了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Weoftenwaitfortheperfectmoment,butthetruthis,confidencecomesfromaction,notwaiting.(我們常常等待完美的時(shí)刻，但事實(shí)是，信心來自行動(dòng)，而不是等待。)”可知，Kevin從自己的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到信心來自于采取行動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)。CInrecentyears,interestinspacetourismhasgrownrapidly.Onceaconceptlimitedtosciencefiction,spacetravelforprivateindividualsisnowbecomingareality.CompanieslikeSpaceX,BlueOrigin,andVirginGalacticaredevelopingcommercialspaceflightprograms,promisingafuturewhereordinarypeoplecanexperiencelifebeyondEarth.Wealthyadventurers,celebrities,andevenafewresearchershavealreadytakenpartintheseearlymissions,drawingglobalattention.However,spacetourismraisesimportantquestions.Criticarguethatitremainsanactivityforthewealthy,asticketpricesareextremelyhigh.Asingletripcancosthundredsofthousandsorevenmillionsofdollars,makingspacetourismaccessibleonlytoaselectfew.Othersworryabouttheenvironmentalimpact.Rocketlaunchesreleaselargeamountsofcarbondioxideandotherpollutantsintotheatmosphere,contributingtoclimatechange.Somescientistsfearthatanincreaseinspaceflightscouldworsentheseissuesifnotproperlyregulated.Supporters,ontheotherhand,believethatspacetourismhasbenefits.Itdrivesinnovationinaerospacetechnology,leadingtoadvancementsthatcouldmakespacetravelmoreaffordableinthefuture.Additionally,somebelievethatseeingEarthfromspace—oftencalledthe“overvieweffect”—givestravelersadeeperappreciationfortheplanetandinspiresgreaterenvironmentalresponsibility.Documentariesandinterviewswithearlyspacetouristssuggestthisemotionalshiftisgenuineandlong-lasting.Despitetheexcitement,spacetourismremainsinitsearlystages.Whileafewcommercialflightshavesuccessfullytakenprivatepassengerstotheedgeofspace,long-termsustainabilityisstilluncertain.Thecostmustdecreasesignificantlyforspacetraveltobecomewidelyaccessible.Scientistsalsoemphasizetheneedforbettersafetymeasures,asspaceflightremainsahigh-riskactivity.Someexpertscomparespacetourismtotheearlydaysofaviation.Acenturyago,airtravelwasexpensiveandrare,buttoday,millionsofpeopleflyeveryday.Couldthesamehappenwithspacetravel?Manyintheindustrybelieveso,butitmaytakedecadesbeforespacetourismbecomesaregularpartofhumanlife.Fornow,spacetourismremainsathrillingyetcontroversialtopic.Whiletheideaofordinarypeopletravelingtospaceisinspiring,questionsaboutcost,safety,andenvironmentalimpactmustbeaddressedbeforeitcantrulytakeoff.28.Whatisonemajorconcernaboutspacetourism?A.Itharmstheenvironment. B.Itisillegalinmanycountries.C.Ithasreplacedscientificspacemissions. D.Itdistractspublicattentionfromclimateissues.29.Whydosomesupportershaveapositiveviewofspacetourism?A.Itisasafeandaffordableindustry. B.Ithelpsreduceglobalcarbonemissions.C.ItcouldencouragebettertreatmentofEarth. D.ItprovidesasolutiontoovercrowdingonEarth.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“overvieweffect”mostlikelyreferto?A.Afeelingofbeinglostinspace.B.Adangerouseffectofspacetravel.C.AnabilitytoseebeyondtheEarth’satmosphere.D.AchangeinperspectiveafterviewingEarthfromspace.31.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhySpaceTourismWillFail. B.IsSpaceTravelworththeCost?C.HowGovernmentsControlSpaceTravel. D.SpaceTourism:TheNextStepforHumanity?【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹太空旅游的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、引發(fā)的爭議及未來可能性。【28題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Othersworryabouttheenvironmentalimpact.Rocketlaunchesreleaselargeamountsofcarbondioxideandotherpollutantsintotheatmosphere,contributingtoclimatechange.(另一些人則擔(dān)心其對(duì)環(huán)境的影響?；鸺l(fā)射向大氣中釋放大量二氧化碳和其他污染物，加劇了氣候變化)”可知，太空旅游的一個(gè)主要擔(dān)憂是它會(huì)危害環(huán)境。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Additionally,somebelievethatseeingEarthfromspace—oftencalledthe“overvieweffect”—givestravelersadeeperappreciationfortheplanetandinspiresgreaterenvironmentalresponsibility.(此外，一些人認(rèn)為，從太空看地球——通常被稱為“概覽效應(yīng)”——讓旅行者對(duì)地球有更深的欣賞，并激發(fā)更強(qiáng)的環(huán)境責(zé)任感)”可知，支持者對(duì)太空旅游持積極態(tài)度是因?yàn)樗赡艽偈谷藗兏玫貙?duì)待地球。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Additionally,somebelievethatseeingEarthfromspace—oftencalledthe“overvieweffect”—givestravelersadeeperappreciationfortheplanetandinspiresgreaterenvironmentalresponsibility.(此外，一些人認(rèn)為，從太空看地球——通常被稱為“概覽效應(yīng)”——讓旅行者對(duì)地球有更深的欣賞，并激發(fā)更強(qiáng)的環(huán)境責(zé)任感)”可知，破折號(hào)之間的內(nèi)容與該句的內(nèi)容一致，該句是對(duì)“overvieweffect”的解釋，由此可知，“overvieweffect”指的是從太空俯瞰地球后，人們?cè)谟^念上發(fā)生的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了太空旅游從科幻概念變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，探討了其引發(fā)的成本、環(huán)境、安全等爭議，也提及了未來普及的可能性，如同航空旅行的發(fā)展歷程，因此D項(xiàng)“太空旅游：人類的下一步?”最能概括全文主旨，適合作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。DWhydoesoneplusoneequaltwo?Onepossibleansweris“Itjustdoes!”Mathcanseemlikeaworldofrulesyoujusthavetofollow,whichmakesitseemrigidandboring.Whereasmyloveofmathissomewhatdrivenbymyloveofbreakingrules,oratleastpushingagainstthem.Bothofthoseimpulses(沖動(dòng))playanimportantroleinadvancinghumanunderstanding,andinparticularmathematicalunderstanding.Sometimes,oneplusonecanequalmorethantwo.Ifyouandyourfriendeachhave1.5oreven1.9timesthemoneyneededforacupofcoffee,youmighthaveenoughtobuythree.Orsometimesifonepairoftennisplayersgetstogetherwithanotherpair,thereendsupbeingmorethantwopairs.IfthefirstpairarecalledAandB,andthesecondpairarecalledCandD,thenwehavethefollowingpairsintotal:AB,AC,AD,BC,BD,CD.Othertimes,oneplusoneisjustone.Ifyoumixonecolorwithonecolor,yougetonecolor.Andinsomesituations,oneplusoneiszero.IfIsay“I’mnotnothungry,”thatmeans“I’mhungry.”Thepointhereisthatone“not”plusone“not”isthesameaszero“nots.”Now,youmightthinkthatthesearen’treallysituationsinwhichoneplusoneequalssomethingelse,becausetheyaren’treallyaddition,orbecausethosearen’treallynumbers.You’rewelcometothinkthat,butthat’snotwhatmathdoes.Ioftenhearparentscomplaininghowpointlessthisisbecauseiftheycandosomethingoneway,whydotheyneedtoknowalltheseotherways?Imagineweweredesigningajunglegymforchildren.We’dwanttotestitineverypossiblewaytomakesureit’ssafe.Wewouldn’ttestitbyjustplayingonitinsensibleways:We’dwanttojumponit,swingfromit,fallfromit,andtrytopullitoutoftheground,ratherthansimplytrustingthatwebuiltitwell.Thesolidityofmathcomesfromnotwantingtotrustthings,butwantingtojumpandswingandknowthatourframeworkwillholdup.Oneofthereasonstheframeworkissostrongispreciselybecausewequestionitsodeeply.Ihopethatwewillstartseeingmathematicsasaplacetoposequestionsandexploreanswers,ratherthanaplacewheretheanswersarefixedandwe’resupposedtoknowthem.32.Whichofthefollowingsituationbestprovesthat“oneplusoneequalsone”?A.Debateinpairsinagroup. B.Shareanapplewithafriend.C.Usetwo“nots”inacompletesentence. D.Putapileofsandontopofanotherpile.33.Theauthorusestheexample“notnothungry”mainlyto_______.A.explainhowmathhelpsusdescribeemotionsB.questiontheideathatmathrulesarefixedandrigidC.comparehowlogicworksinlanguageandmathematicsD.arguethatlanguagecanbemoreconfusingthannumbers34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardusingdifferentmathmethods?A.Itconfuseslearnerswhopreferclearrules.B.Itallowsstudentstomemorizerulesfaster.C.Itbuildsflexibilityanddeeperunderstanding.D.Itslowstudentsdownbutisnecessaryforexams.【答案】32.D33.B34.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇議論文，作者探討了數(shù)學(xué)并非只有固定規(guī)則，一加一在不同情境下會(huì)有不同結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)打破規(guī)則或挑戰(zhàn)規(guī)則對(duì)推進(jìn)數(shù)學(xué)理解的重要性，希望人們將數(shù)學(xué)視為提出問題和探索答案的領(lǐng)域，而非答案固定的地方?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Othertimes,oneplusoneisjustone.Ifyoumixonecolorwithonecolor,yougetonecolor(其他時(shí)候，一加一等于一。如果你把一種顏色和另一種顏色混合，你會(huì)得到一種顏色)”可知，兩種事物結(jié)合后變成一種事物可證明一加一等于一。D選項(xiàng)“Putapileofsandontopofanotherpile(把一堆沙子放在另一堆沙子上面)”中，兩堆沙子合在一起變成一堆沙子，符合這一情況。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Mathcanseemlikeaworldofrulesyoujusthavetofollow,whichmakesitseemrigidandboring.Whereasmyloveofmathissomewhatdrivenbymyloveofbreakingrules,oratleastpushingagainstthem(數(shù)學(xué)似乎是一個(gè)你必須遵守規(guī)則的世界，這使得它看起來僵硬又無聊。而我對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的熱愛在某種程度上是由我打破規(guī)則的熱愛所驅(qū)動(dòng)的，或者至少是挑戰(zhàn)它們)”可知，我對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的熱愛在某種程度上是由我打破規(guī)則的熱愛所驅(qū)動(dòng)的，或者至少是挑戰(zhàn)它們；再根據(jù)第四段“Andinsomesituations,oneplusoneiszero.IfIsay“I’mnotnothungry,”thatmeans“I’mhungry.”Thepointhereisthatone“not”plusone“not”isthesameaszero“nots.”(在某些情況下，一加一等于零。如果我說“我不是不餓”，那意思是“我餓了”。這里的關(guān)鍵是，一個(gè)“不”加一個(gè)“不”等同于零個(gè)“不”)”可知，在某些情況下，一加一等于零，例如“我不是不餓”的意思是“我餓了”，可推理出作者用“notnothungry”這個(gè)例子主要是為了質(zhì)疑數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)則是固定不變的這一觀點(diǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Thesolidityofmathcomesfromnotwantingtotrustthings,butwantingtojumpandswingandknowthatourframeworkwillholdup.Oneofthereasonstheframeworkissostrongispreciselybecausewequestionitsodeeply.(數(shù)學(xué)的可靠性來自于不愿相信事物，而是想要去跳躍、去搖擺，并且知道我們的框架能夠支撐住。這個(gè)框架如此堅(jiān)固的原因之一，正是因?yàn)槲覀儗?duì)它進(jìn)行了如此深刻的質(zhì)疑)”可知，數(shù)學(xué)的可靠性來自于不愿相信事物，而是想要去跳躍、去搖擺，并且知道我們的框架能夠支撐??；再根據(jù)最后一段“Ihopethatwewillstartseeingmathematicsasaplacetoposequestionsandexploreanswers,ratherthanaplacewheretheanswersarefixedandwe’resupposedtoknowthem(我希望我們能開始把數(shù)學(xué)看作一個(gè)提出問題和探索答案的地方，而不是一個(gè)答案固定且我們應(yīng)該知道答案的地方)”可知，應(yīng)該把數(shù)學(xué)看作一個(gè)提出問題和探索答案的地方，可推理出作者認(rèn)為使用不同的數(shù)學(xué)方法能培養(yǎng)靈活性和更深層次的理解。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeoplefinditdifficulttomanagetheirtimeeffectively.Withbusyschedules,distractions,andendlesstasks,stayingorganizedcanbeachallenge.____35____Timemanagementisimportantbecauseithelpspeoplecompletetheirworkefficientlyandreducestress.Onekeytobettertimemanagementismakingato-dolist.____36____Italsogivesaclearplanforthedayandhelpspeoplestayfocused.Anotherusefulmethodissettingpriorities.Notalltasksareequallyimportant.____37____Thisensuresthatthemosturgentandnecessaryworkiscompletedfirst.Avoidingdistractionsisalsoessential.Manypeoplewastetimecheckingtheirphonesorbrowsingsocialmedia.____38____Asimplewaytoimprovefocusistoturnoffunnecessarynotificationswhileworking.Creatingadedicatedworkspacefreefromdistractionscanalsohelpimproveproductivity.Takingbreakscanalsoimproveproductivity.Workingcontinuouslyforlonghourscanleadtofatigue.____39____Shortbreaksrefreshthemindandhelppeoplestayproductivethroughouttheday.SomeexpertssuggestusingtechniqueslikethePomodoromethod,whichinvolvesworkingforasettimeandthentakingashortbreakbeforecontinuing.Inadditiontothesestrategies,gettingenoughsleepandmaintainingahealthylifestylecontributetobettertimemanagement.Awell-restedmindismoreefficientandcanhandletasksmoreeffectively.A.Peopleshouldcompletethemostimportanttasksfirst.B.Manytaskstakelongerwhenpeopleloseconcentration.C.Managingtimewellallowspeopletoenjoymorefreetime.D.Makingalisthelpspeoplerememberwhattheyneedtodo.E.Ifpeopleplantheirday,theycanfinishtaskswithoutstress.F.Withoutbreaks,peoplemayfeeltiredandworklessefficiently.G.Poortimemanagementoftenleadstostressandunfinishedwork.【答案】35.G36.D37.A38.B39.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了有效管理時(shí)間的重要性以及一些實(shí)用的時(shí)間管理方法，如列待辦清單、設(shè)定優(yōu)先級(jí)、避免分心、適當(dāng)休息等，同時(shí)提到充足的睡眠和健康的生活方式也有助于更好地管理時(shí)間?！?5題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Manypeoplefinditdifficulttomanagetheirtimeeffectively.Withbusyschedules,distractions,andendlesstasks,stayingorganizedcanbeachallenge.(很多人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難有效地管理時(shí)間。面對(duì)繁忙的日程、各種干擾和沒完沒了的任務(wù)，保持條理性是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn))”以及下文“Timemanagementisimportantbecauseithelpspeoplecompletetheirworkefficientlyandreducestress.(時(shí)間管理很重要，因?yàn)樗鼛椭藗兏咝瓿晒ぷ鞑p少壓力)”可知，上文說的是很多人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難有效地管理時(shí)間，下文說的是時(shí)間管理幫助人們高效完成工作并減少壓力，可推理出空白處說的是難以有效地管理時(shí)間會(huì)導(dǎo)致無法高效地完成工作以及帶來壓力，與G項(xiàng)“Poortimemanagementoftenleadstostressandunfinishedwork.(糟糕的時(shí)間管理常常導(dǎo)致壓力和未完成的工作)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選G項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Onekeytobettertimemanagementismakingato-dolist.(更好地管理時(shí)間的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵是列待辦清單)”以及下文“Italsogivesaclearplanforthedayandhelpspeoplestayfocused.(它還能為一天提供清晰的計(jì)劃，幫助人們保持專注)”可知，上文說的是更好地管理時(shí)間的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵是列待辦清單，下文說的是它還能為一天提供清晰的計(jì)劃，幫助人們保持專注，可推理出空白處應(yīng)說明列清單的好處，與D項(xiàng)“Makingalisthelpspeoplerememberwhattheyneedtodo.(列清單幫助人們記住他們需要做的事情)”表達(dá)的意思一致，故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Anotherusefulmethodissettingpriorities.Notalltasksareequallyimportant.(另一個(gè)有用的方法是設(shè)定優(yōu)先級(jí)。并非所有任務(wù)都同等重要)”以及下文“Thisensuresthatthemosturgentandnecessaryworkiscompletedfirst.(這確保最緊急和必要的工作先完成)”可知，上文說的是設(shè)定優(yōu)先級(jí)，下文說的是確保最緊急和必要的工作先完成，可推理出空白處強(qiáng)調(diào)先做重要的任務(wù)，與A項(xiàng)“Peopleshouldcompletethemostimportanttasksfirst.(人們應(yīng)該先完成最重要的任務(wù))”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Avoidingdistractionsisalsoessential.Manypeoplewastetimecheckingtheirphonesorbrowsingsocialmedia.(避免分心也很重要。很多人把時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在看手機(jī)或?yàn)g覽社交媒體上)”以及下文“Asimplewaytoimprovefocusistoturnoffunnecessarynotificationswhileworking.(提高專注力的一個(gè)簡單方法是在工作時(shí)關(guān)閉不必要的通知)”可知，上文說的是避免分心也很重要，下文說的是提高專注力的一個(gè)簡單方法是在工作時(shí)關(guān)閉不必要的通知，可推理出空白處應(yīng)說明分心的負(fù)面影響，與B項(xiàng)“Manytaskstakelongerwhenpeopleloseconcentration.(當(dāng)人們注意力不集中時(shí)，很多任務(wù)會(huì)花費(fèi)更長時(shí)間)”表達(dá)的意思一致，故選B項(xiàng)。【39題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Takingbreakscanalsoimproveproductivity.Workingcontinuouslyforlonghourscanleadtofatigue.(適當(dāng)休息還能提高生產(chǎn)效率。長時(shí)間連續(xù)工作會(huì)導(dǎo)致疲勞)”以及下文“Shortbreaksrefreshthemindandhelppeoplestayproductivethroughouttheday.(短暫的休息能提神，幫助人們一整天都保持高效)”可知，上文說的是適當(dāng)休息能提高生產(chǎn)效率，下文說的是短暫的休息能提神，幫助人們一整天都保持高效，可推理出空白處應(yīng)說明不休息的弊端，與F項(xiàng)“Withoutbreaks,peoplemayfeeltiredandworklessefficiently.(沒有休息，人們可能會(huì)感到疲倦，工作效率降低)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)：閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題；第1、2題各2分，第3題3分，第4題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。Emma,a14-year-oldstudent,lovedanimalsandspentmuchofherfreetimevolunteeringatalocal-animalshelter.Oneday,shenoticedthatmanyshelteranimalslackedproperb