2025年英語化學考試題及答案

英語部分一、單項選擇題1.—_______doyouusuallygotoschool?—Bybike.A.WhatB.HowC.WhenD.Where（答案：B）2.Mymother_______breakfastformeeverymorning.A.cookB.cooksC.iscookingD.cooked（答案：B）3.Thisbookis_______interestingthanthatone.A.muchB.veryC.moreD.most（答案：C）4.—_______youlikesomecoffee?—Yes,please.A.WouldB.DoC.WillD.Should（答案：A）5.Theboy_______anewbike.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare（答案：B）6.Sheis_______beautifulgirl.A.aB.anC.theD./（答案：A）7.They_______footballnow.A.playB.areplayingC.playedD.willplay（答案：B）8.I_______totheparkyesterday.A.goB.goesC.wentD.willgo（答案：C）9.—Whosebookisthis?—It's_______.A.myB.mineC.meD.I（答案：B）10.Thelittlegirlisafraid_______snakes.A.ofB.atC.inD.for（答案：A）二、多項選擇題1.Whichofthefollowingwordsarerelatedtocolors?A.redB.blueC.greenD.yellow（答案：ABCD）2.Selectthecorrectformsofthepasttenseoftheseverbs.A.go-wentB.eat-ateC.have-hadD.do-did（答案：ABCD）3.Whichsentencesarecorrect?A.Ilikereadingbooks.B.Hedon'tlikeplayinggames.C.TheyarewatchingTV.D.Shehasalotoffriends.（答案：ACD）4.Whichofthefollowingaremodalverbs?A.canB.mustC.shouldD.will（答案：ABCD）5.Choosetheproperwordstodescribepeople'spersonalities.A.kindB.friendlyC.lazyD.hard-working（答案：ABCD）6.Whichofthefollowingareadverbs?A.quicklyB.slowlyC.happilyD.beautiful（答案：ABC）7.Selectthecorrectsentencesaboutaskingfordirections.A.Whereisthepostoffice?B.HowcanIgettothehospital?C.Isthereabanknearhere?D.Whichwaytotheschool?（答案：ABC）8.Whichofthefollowingareusedtoexpressfutureactions?A.willB.begoingtoC.shallD.presentcontinuous(forfuture)（答案：ABCD）9.Choosethecorrectpluralformsofthesenouns.A.child-childrenB.foot-feetC.tooth-teethD.sheep-sheeps（答案：ABC）10.Whichsentencesusethepassivevoicecorrectly?A.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.B.Thebookhasbeenreadbyme.C.Theyarebuildinganewhouse.D.Theletterwillbesenttomorrow.（答案：ABD）三、判斷題1.“Hegotoschoolbybus.”isacorrectsentence.（×）2.“Thereisalotofwatersintheriver.”iswrong.（√）3.Thepasttenseof“see”is“saw”.（√）4.“I'mlikingmusic.”isaproperEnglishexpression.（×）5.“Their”isapossessivepronoun.（√）6.“Let'stoplaybasketball.”iscorrect.（×）7.“Thesunrisesinthewest.”isafact.（×）8.“Alittle”canbeusedtomodifycountablenouns.（×）9.“Heisenougholdtogotoschool.”iscorrect.（×）10.“IhavebeentoBeijingtwice.”isinthepresentperfecttense.（√）四、簡答題1.Pleaseexplainthedifferencebetween“a”and“an”.“A”and“an”areindefinitearticles.“A”isusedbeforeaconsonantsound,forexample,“abook”.“An”isusedbeforeavowelsound,like“anapple”.It'sthesoundatthebeginningofthewordthatmatters,nottheletter.Forinstance,“anhour”because“hour”startswithavowelsound,and“auniversity”as“university”startswithaconsonantsound/j/.2.Howtoformthepresentperfecttense?Thepresentperfecttenseisformedwith“have/has+pastparticiple”.Forthefirstandsecondpersonsingularandplural(I,we,you)andthirdpersonplural(they),weuse“have”.Forthethirdpersonsingular(he,she,it),weuse“has”.Forexample,“Ihaveeatenbreakfast.”and“Shehasfinishedherhomework.”Itisusedtoshowanactionthatstartedinthepastandhasaconnectiontothepresent.3.WhatarethemaintypesofsentencesinEnglish?Therearefourmaintypesofsentences:declarativesentenceswhichmakestatements,like“Heisastudent.”;interrogativesentenceswhichaskquestions,suchas“Isheastudent?”;imperativesentenceswhichgivecommandsormakerequests,forexample,“Closethedoor.”;andexclamatorysentenceswhichexpressstrongemotions,like“Whatabeautifulday!”4.Explaintheuseofcomparativeandsuperlativedegreesofadjectives.Comparativedegreesareusedtocomparetwopeople,thingsorgroups.Weusuallyadd“-er”toshortadjectives,e.g.,“taller”,anduse“more+adjective”forlongadjectives,like“morebeautiful”.Superlativedegreesareforcomparingthreeormorepeople,thingsorgroups.Weadd“-est”toshortadjectives,e.g.,“tallest”,and“themost+adjective”forlongadjectives,suchas“themostbeautiful”.五、討論題1.DiscusstheimportanceoflearningEnglishintheglobalizedworld.Intheglobalizedworld,Englishhasbecomealinguafranca.Itenablespeoplefromdifferentcountriestocommunicateeffectivelyinvariousfieldslikebusiness,science,andculture.Forstudents,itprovidesaccesstoavastamountofinternationaleducationalresources.Inbusiness,Englishisessentialforinternationaltradeandcooperation.Culturally,ithelpsusunderstanddifferentculturesthroughEnglish-languagemedia,literature,andart.Overall,itbroadensourhorizonsandenrichesourknowledge.2.HowcanweimproveourEnglishlisteningskills?ToimproveEnglishlisteningskills,wecanstartbylisteningtoavarietyofmaterialssuchasEnglishpodcasts,movies,andsongs.Regularpracticeiskey.Wecanlistenwithsubtitlesatfirsttounderstandthecontext,andthengraduallyremovethem.AnotherwayistolistentoEnglishnewsandtrytosummarizewhatwehear.Also,joiningEnglishconversationgroupsorlanguageexchangeactivitiesallowsustointeractwithnativespeakersandimproveourabilitytounderstandreal-lifeconversations.3.ShareyourideasontheroleofEnglishininternationalcommunication.Englishservesasabridgeininternationalcommunication.Itbreaksdownlanguagebarriersamongpeoplefromdifferentcountries.Ininternationalorganizations,conferences,anddiplomaticaffairs,Englishiswidelyusedforinformationsharingandnegotiation.Ithelpspromoteculturalexchangeaspeoplecancommunicateabouttheirtraditions,values,andbeliefs.Moreover,inthedigitalage,alargeamountofonlineinformationisinEnglish,facilitatingglobalknowledgedissemination.4.TalkaboutdifferentwaystorememberEnglishvocabulary.ThereareseveralwaystorememberEnglishvocabulary.Oneisusingflashcards,wherewewriteawordononesideanditsmeaningontheother.AnothermethodisreadingEnglishbooks,articles,andstories,ascontexthelpsusbetterunderstandandrememberwords.Mnemonicdeviceslikecreatingassociationsormentalimagesrelatedtothewordcanalsobeuseful.Additionally,makingsentenceswithnewwordsandusingthemindailyconversationshelpsreinforcememory.化學部分一、單項選擇題1.Whichofthefollowingisachemicalchange?A.IcemeltingB.PapercuttingC.IronrustingD.Waterboiling（答案：C）2.ThechemicalformulaforwaterisA.H?O?B.H?OC.CO?D.O?（答案：B）3.Theelementwiththesymbol“O”isA.OxygenB.HydrogenC.CarbonD.Nitrogen（答案：A）4.Whichofthefollowingisanacid?A.NaOHB.HClC.NaClD.Ca(OH)?（答案：B）5.ThenumberofprotonsinanatomisequaltoitsA.AtomicmassB.AtomicnumberC.MassnumberD.Neutronnumber（答案：B）6.AsubstancethatspeedsupachemicalreactionwithoutbeingconsumediscalledaA.ReactantB.ProductC.CatalystD.Solvent（答案：C）7.Thetypeofbondformedwhentwonon-metalatomsshareelectronsiscalledA.IonicbondB.CovalentbondC.MetallicbondD.Hydrogenbond（答案：B）8.WhichgasmakesupthemajorityoftheEarth'satmosphere?A.OxygenB.CarbondioxideC.NitrogenD.Hydrogen（答案：C）9.TheprocessofasolidchangingdirectlytoagasiscalledA.MeltingB.EvaporationC.SublimationD.Condensation（答案：C）10.ThepHvalueofaneutralsolutionisA.0B.7C.14D.5（答案：B）二、多項選擇題1.Whichofthefollowingarephysicalpropertiesofasubstance?A.ColorB.DensityC.ReactivityD.Meltingpoint（答案：ABD）2.Selectthecorrectstatementsaboutatoms.A.Atomsaremadeupofprotons,neutrons,andelectrons.B.Thenucleuscontainsprotonsandneutrons.C.Electronsorbitaroundthenucleus.D.Allatomsofthesameelementhavethesamenumberofprotons.（答案：ABCD）3.Whichofthefollowingaretypesofchemicalreactions?A.CombinationreactionB.DecompositionreactionC.DisplacementreactionD.Double-displacementreaction（答案：ABCD）4.Whichelementsaremetals?A.Iron(Fe)B.Copper(Cu)C.Oxygen(O)D.Aluminum(Al)（答案：ABD）5.Choosethecorrectstatementsaboutsolutions.A.Asolutionisahomogeneousmixture.B.Thesoluteisdissolvedinthesolvent.C.Allsolutionsareliquids.D.Saltwaterisasolution.（答案：ABD）6.Whichofthefollowinggasesaregreenhousegases?A.Carbondioxide(CO?)B.Methane(CH?)C.Nitrousoxide(N?O)D.Oxygen(O?)（答案：ABC）7.Selectthecorrectfactsabouttheperiodictable.A.Elementsarearrangedinorderofincreasingatomicnumber.B.Groupsareverticalcolumns.C.Periodsarehorizontalrows.D.Metalsareontheleft-handsideoftheperiodictable.（答案：ABCD）8.Whichofthefollowingareusesofwaterinchemicalreactions?A.AsasolventB.InhydrolysisreactionsC.IncombustionreactionsD.Inphotosynthesis（答案：ABD）9.Choosethecorrectstatementsaboutacidsandbases.A.Acidsturnbluelitmuspaperred.B.Basesturnredlitmuspaperblue.C.AcidshaveapHlessthan7.D.BaseshaveapHgreaterthan7.（答案：ABCD）10.Whichofthefollowingarechemicalpropertiesofasubstance?A.FlammabilityB.OxidationstateC.SolubilityD.Reactivitywithothersubstances（答案：ABD）三、判斷題1.Amixturecanbeseparatedintoitscomponentsbyphysicalmethods.（√）2.Allcompoundsaremolecules.（×）3.Themassnumberofanatomisthesumofthenumberofprotonsandelectrons.（×）4.Achemicalreactionalwaysinvolvestheformationofnewsubstances.（√）5.Metalstendtogainelectronstoformpositiveions.（×）6.AsolutionwithapHof3ismoreacidicthanasolutionwithapHof5.（√）7.Theprocessofrespirationisaphysicalchange.（×）8.Allelementsinthesamegroupoftheperiodictablehavesimilarchemicalproperties.（√）9.Evaporationisachemicalchange.（×）10.Acatalystchangestherateofachemicalreactionbybeingconsumedintheprocess.（×）四、簡答題1.Explainthedifferencebetweenaphysicalchangeandachemicalchange.Aphysicalchangealtersthephysicalpropertiesofasubstancewithoutchangingitschemicalcomposition.Forexample,meltingiceintowateronlychangesthestatefromsolidtoliquid,butthesubstanceisstillH?O.Incontrast,achemicalchangeresultsintheformationofnewsubstanceswithdifferentchemicalproperties.Whenironrusts,ironreactswithoxygenintheairtoformironoxide,whichisanewchemicalsubstance.2.Whatisthelawofconservationofmassinachemicalreaction?Thelawofconservationofmassstatesthatinachemicalreaction,thetotalmassofthereactantsisequaltothetotalmassoftheproducts.Matterisneithercreatednordestroyedduringachemicalreaction.Atomsarejustrearranged.Forexample,inthereactionbetweenhydrogenandoxygentoformwater(2H?+O?=2H?O),thesumofthemassesofhydrogenandoxygenbeforethereactionisthesameasthemassofwaterformedafterthereaction.3.Describethestructureofanatom.Anatomconsistsofanucleusatthecenter,whichcontainsprotonsandneutrons.Protonshaveapositivecharge,andneutronshavenocharge.Surroundingthenucleusareelectrons,whichhaveanegativecharge.Electronsorbitthenucleusinspecificenergylevelsorshells.Thenumberofprotonsinanatomdeterminesitsatomicnumberandtheelementitrepresents.Thesumofprotonsandneutronsgivesthemassnumberoftheatom.4.Whatarethedifferencesbetweenionicandcovalentbonds?Ionicbondsformwhenoneatomdonateselectronstoanotheratom.Thisusuallyoccursbetweenametalandanon-metal.Theresultingionsareheldtogetherbyelectrostaticforces.Forexample,inNaCl,sodiumdonatesanelectrontochlorine.Covalentbondsformwhentwonon-metalatomsshareelectronstoachieveastableelectronconfiguration.Forinstance,inawatermolecule(H?O),oxygenandhydrogenshareelectronstocompletetheirouterelectronshells.五、討論題1.Discusstheenvironmentalimpactofchemicalpollutionandpossiblesolutions.Chemicalpollutionhasasignificantimpactontheenvironment.Pollutantslikeheavymetals,pesticides,andindustrialwastecancontaminatesoil,water,andair.Thiscanharmecosystems,leadingtothedeathofplantsandanimals,andalsoaffecthumanhealth.Toaddressthis,wecanpromotetheuseofgreenchemistry,whichaimstodevelopenvironmentallyfriendlychemicalprocesses.Stricterregulationsonindustrialwastedisposalareneeded.Recyclingandproperwastemanagementcanalsoreducetheamountofchemicalsreleasedintotheenvironment.2.Howdoestheperiodictablehelpchemistsunderstandthepropertiesofelements?Theperiodictablearrangeselementsinorderofincreasingatomicnumber.Elementsinthesamegrouphavesimilarchemicalpropertiesbecausetheyhavethesamenumberofvalenceelectrons.Forexample,thealkalimetalsinGroup1areallhighlyreactivemetals.Byknowingthepositionofanelementinth