高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1黑龍江省雞西市某中學(xué)2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳答案。ATheSplendidColors:ChineseCostumeCultureExhibitionDate:Oct.1-Dec.2Location:SouthExhibitionHall12,6/F,theChinaNationalArtsandCraftsMuseuminBeijingHighlightsThisexhibitionshowcasestraditionalcostumesfrommorethan30ethnic(民族的)groupsacrossvariousdynasties,emphasizingtheunitywithinChineseculture.Visitorscangaininsightsintotheirdailyactivitiesandinfertheenvironmentalconditionsbasedonthematerialsandtechniquesusedinthecostumes.Thisiswhyexpertsnowadaysrefertothesecostumesas“wearablehistorybooks.”O(jiān)nlineReservationAllvisitorscanmakeareservation1-7daysinadvancethroughourofficialwebsiteorofficialWeChatplatform.Allvisitorsshallarriveatthemuseumontimeaccordingtothereservedtimeschedule.Ifyoumisstheappointment,entrywillbedenied.Ifyoucannotvisitontime,pleasecancelatleast2hoursbeforehand.Latecancellationswillnotgetyourmoneyback.Wedonotcurrentlyacceptgroupreservations.EntryInstructionsUponenteringthemuseum,pleasepresenttheoriginalIDcardusedformakingthereservationandthegeneratedQRcode(二維碼).InternationalvisitorsmustpresenttheirpassportalongwiththeORcode.Allvisitorsenteringthemuseumshallgothroughasecurityscreening.Visitorswithaccessrequirementsandtheiraccompanyingfamilymembersorpersonalcarerscanskipthequeuestoenterthemuseum.1.Whatisapurposeoftheexhibition?A.Tocallforenvironmentalprotection.B.TocelebratetheculturalunityofChina.C.Toexplorethedailylifeofethnicgroups.D.Topreservethematerialsandtechniques.2.Whatwillhappenifyoucancelyourreservation3hoursinadvance?A.Yourmoneywillbereturned.B.Youraccountwillnotbeaffected.C.Yourappointmentwillberescheduled.D.Yourcancellationwillnotbeaccepted.3.Whatarethevisitorsrequiredtodowhenenteringthemuseum?A.Takepersonalcarers. B.PaywiththeirQRcode.C.Passasecuritycheck. D.Confirmtheirreservation.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了“中國(guó)服飾文化展”的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、亮點(diǎn)、預(yù)約方式及入場(chǎng)須知。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Highlights中“Thisexhibitionshowcasestraditionalcostumesfrommorethan30ethnic(民族的)groupsacrossvariousdynasties,emphasizingtheunitywithinChineseculture.(本次展覽展示了來(lái)自不同朝代30多個(gè)民族的傳統(tǒng)服飾，強(qiáng)調(diào)了中國(guó)文化的統(tǒng)一性”可知，展覽目的是慶祝文化統(tǒng)一。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OnlineReservation中“Ifyoucannotvisitontime,pleasecancelatleast2hoursbeforehand.Latecancellationswillnotgetyourmoneyback.(如果您不能按時(shí)參觀，請(qǐng)至少提前2小時(shí)取消。逾期取消將無(wú)法退款)”可知，如果您提前3小時(shí)取消預(yù)訂，你的錢(qián)會(huì)退回的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EntryInstructions中“Allvisitorsenteringthemuseumshallgothroughasecurityscreening.(所有進(jìn)入博物館的游客都必須經(jīng)過(guò)安全檢查)”可知，參觀者在進(jìn)入博物館時(shí)需要通過(guò)安全檢查。故選C項(xiàng)。BADutchmuseumhasrecoveredanartworkthatlooksliketwoemptybeercansafterastaffmemberaccidentallythrewitintherubbishbin.Thework,entitledAlltheGoodTimesWeSpentTogetherbytheFrenchartistAlexandreLavet,appearsonfirstglancetobetwoabandonedanddented(癟的)beertins.However,acloserlookshowstheyarecarefullyhand-paintedandrequiredalotoftimeandefforttocreate.Theirartisticvaluewaslostonamechanic,whosawthemdisplayedinaliftandthrewtheminthebin.Thecurator(館長(zhǎng))ElisahvandenBerghreturnedfromashortbreakandnoticedthecanshaddisappeared.Sherecoveredthemfromabinbagjustastheywereabouttobethrownout.FroukjeBudding,oftheLAMmuseuminLisse,westernNetherlands,saidartworkswereoftenleftinunusualplaces—hencethedisplayinalift.“Wetrytosurprisevisitorsforallthetime,”shesaid.“Wehavenowputtheworkinamoretraditionalplaceonaplinth(底座)soitcanrestafteritsadventure.”Shestressedtherewerenohardfeelingstowardsthemechanic,whohadjuststartedatthemuseum,statingthathewassimplyperforminghisduties.SietskevanZanten,themuseum’sdirector,emphasizedthemuseum’smissiontoencouragevisitorstoseeeverydayobjectsinanewlight.“Bydisplayingartworksinunexpectedplaces,weenhancethisexperienceandkeepvisitorsontheirtoes,”headded.Buddingalsonotedthecanswereunlikelytostayontheirtraditionalplinthforlongandthattheyneededtothinkhardaboutacarefulplacetoputthemnext.4.Whydidthemechanicthrowtheartworkintherubbishbin?A.Becauseitstoodintheway. B.Becauseittookmuchspace.C.Becauseitlookedlikerealtrash. D.Becauseitlookedstrangeinthelift.5.WhatwasBudding’sattitudetowardthemechanic’sbehavior?A.Understanding. B.Concerned.C.Critical. D.Unforgiving.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinparagraph4mean?A.Makevisitorsreadyforsurprises. B.Remindvisitorsofdangers.C.Warnvisitorsnottolitter. D.Showvisitorsaroundthemuseum.7.Whatmighthappentotheartworkinthefuture?A.Itwillbekeptinasafe. B.Itwillbeputinaselectedplace.C.Itwillbesentbacktothelift. D.Itwillbeplacedinatraditionalsetting.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述荷蘭某博物館一件形似兩個(gè)空啤酒罐的藝術(shù)品被誤當(dāng)垃圾丟棄，后經(jīng)找回并重新考慮其展示位置的故事。同時(shí)介紹了博物館在藝術(shù)品展示方面的理念。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thework,entitledAlltheGoodTimesWeSpentTogetherbytheFrenchartistAlexandreLavet,appearsonfirstglancetobetwoabandonedanddented(癟的)beertins.However,acloserlookshowstheyarecarefullyhand-paintedandrequiredalotoftimeandefforttocreate.Theirartisticvaluewaslostonamechanic,whosawthemdisplayedinaliftandthrewtheminthebin.(這件由法國(guó)藝術(shù)家亞歷山大?拉韋（AlexandreLavet）創(chuàng)作、名為《我們一起度過(guò)的美好時(shí)光》的作品，乍一看像是兩個(gè)被丟棄且癟了的啤酒罐。然而，仔細(xì)觀察就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們是精心手繪而成的，創(chuàng)作過(guò)程耗費(fèi)了大量的時(shí)間和精力。但一名機(jī)械師卻沒(méi)有意識(shí)到它們的藝術(shù)價(jià)值，他看到這些作品在電梯里展出，便把它們?nèi)舆M(jìn)了垃圾桶)”可知，法國(guó)藝術(shù)家AlexandreLavet的這件作品乍一看像是兩個(gè)被遺棄且癟掉的啤酒罐，機(jī)械師沒(méi)有意識(shí)到其藝術(shù)價(jià)值，所以把它當(dāng)作垃圾扔掉了。也就是說(shuō)，機(jī)械師把藝術(shù)品扔進(jìn)垃圾桶是因?yàn)樗雌饋?lái)像真正的垃圾。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“FroukjeBudding,oftheLAMmuseuminLisse,westernNetherlands,saidartworkswereoftenleftinunusualplaces—hencethedisplayinalift.(來(lái)自荷蘭西部利斯鎮(zhèn)拉穆博物館（LAMmuseum）的弗魯克耶?巴?。‵roukjeBudding）表示，藝術(shù)品常常被放置在不尋常的地方——這就是它被放在電梯里展出的原因。)”和本段“Shestressedtherewerenohardfeelingstowardsthemechanic,whohadjuststartedatthemuseum,statingthathewassimplyperforminghisduties.(她（FroukjeBudding）強(qiáng)調(diào)，她對(duì)這位剛到博物館工作的機(jī)械師沒(méi)有不滿情緒，還表示他只是在履行自己的工作職責(zé))”可知，Budding強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)剛到博物館工作的機(jī)械師沒(méi)有不滿情緒，并且表示他只是在履行自己的工作職責(zé)，即他看到這些作品在電梯里展出，便把它們?nèi)舆M(jìn)了垃圾桶（見(jiàn)小題1詳析）。由此可以推斷出，Budding對(duì)機(jī)械師的行為持理解的態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段“SietskevanZanten,themuseum’sdirector,emphasizedthemuseum’smissiontoencouragevisitorstoseeeverydayobjectsinanewlight.‘Bydisplayingartworksinunexpectedplaces,weenhancethisexperienceandkeepvisitorsontheirtoes,’headded.(博物館館長(zhǎng)西茨克?范贊滕（SietskevanZanten）強(qiáng)調(diào)了博物館的使命，即鼓勵(lì)游客以新的視角看待日常物品?！巴ㄟ^(guò)在意想不到的地方展示藝術(shù)品，我們?cè)鰪?qiáng)了這種體驗(yàn)，并讓游客保持警覺(jué)，”他補(bǔ)充道)”可知，博物館館長(zhǎng)SietskevanZanten強(qiáng)調(diào)博物館的使命是鼓勵(lì)游客以新的視角看待日常物品，通過(guò)在意想不到的地方展示藝術(shù)品來(lái)增強(qiáng)這種體驗(yàn)?！発eepvisitorsontheirtoes”所在句子與前文提到的“displayingartworksinunexpectedplaces(在意想不到的地方展示藝術(shù)品)”相呼應(yīng)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，該短語(yǔ)意思是讓游客為可能出現(xiàn)的驚喜做好準(zhǔn)備，時(shí)刻保持期待和警覺(jué)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Buddingalsonotedthecanswereunlikelytostayontheirtraditionalplinthforlongandthattheyneededtothinkhardaboutacarefulplacetoputthemnext(巴?。˙udding）還指出，這些啤酒罐不太可能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間放在傳統(tǒng)的底座上，而且他們需要認(rèn)真思考接下來(lái)把它們放置在一個(gè)合適的地方)”可知，Budding指出這些啤酒罐不太可能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間放在傳統(tǒng)的底座上，并且他們需要認(rèn)真思考接下來(lái)把它們放置在一個(gè)合適的地方。由此可以推斷出，這件藝術(shù)品未來(lái)可能會(huì)被放置在一個(gè)經(jīng)過(guò)精心挑選的地方。故選B項(xiàng)。CIt’stooearlytonameanyactivityTheSportof2025,butifyouaskedmetodoittoday,IwouldgivethetitletoHyrox,whichisanindividualbutinteractiveactivity.Fitnessfansruneightkilometresandstopaftereachtoperformexercisessuchassledpushesorburpees.Thefasteryoucompletethecourse,thehigheryourscoreisintheHyroxworldwiderankings.Manysurveysindicatethatpeopleareexercisingmorenowthaninpreviousyears.It’sindividualfitnesspursuitsthataredrivingtherise.Ispentthefirsthalfofmy29-year-oldlifeasahockeyplayerandthesecondasadistancerunner.Ilongforthecommongoalofteamsports,butIalsovaluetheresponsibilityandclearresultsthatcomefromworkingtowardmyownrunningtargets.Soit’soddtomethatpeoplepreferindividualfitnesspursuitstoteamsports.Onecommonexplanationisthatorganizedsportshaven’tbouncedbacksincethepandemic(疫情)afewyearsago.Whenpeoplelearnedtoexercisewithlessmoney,equipment,space,timeandorganization,theykeptindividualactivities.Meanwhile,therearenowfitnessappsforuserstotailorworksbasedontheirheartratesandsleepquality.Theriseofwearableshasalsogotsomeofusaddictedtoourownexerciseroutines.However,anobviousproblemforindividualsportsisloneliness.Engaginginteamsportsisaprovenwaytoeaseit,whichboostsourabilitytointeractandformmeaningfulrelationships.Well,Hyroxisacombinedactivity:anindividualsportthatwedowithothers.Eachcompetitionfollowsthesamescoringsystem,whichallowspeopletocomparetheirresultswithothersaroundtheworld.It’sthetypethat’scometodominatethefitnessworld.And,accordingtoGuyFaulkner,aprofessorattheUniversityofBritishColumbia,ifitgetspeopleoutofthedoor,thenit’sagoodone.“Themosteffectiveformofsport,”hesaid,“istheformyouwillsustain.”8.WhatisthekeyfeatureofHyrox?A.Itrequiresteamworkandsharedplans. B.Itisorganizedtofindsportspartners.C.Itskipsphysicalchallengesforleisure. D.Itisself-pacedbutrankedwithothers.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Negativeeffectsofthepandemic. B.Methodsofchoosingwearables.C.Reasonsfortheshifttoindividualfitness. D.Tailoredworkoutswithfitnessapps.10.HowdoesHyroxaddresstheproblemwithindividualsports?A.Bytargetingpeopleafraidofpublicinteractions.B.Byconnectingindividualswithsharedexperiences.C.Byprioritizingpersonalachievementsovergroupgoals.D.Byofferingakindoftreatmentformentalhealthissues.11.WhatdoesGuyFaulknerconsiderthemosteffectivesport?A.Sportthatrequirestheleasteffort. B.Sportthatinvolvesmorepeople.C.Sportthatonewilldoconsistently. D.Sportthatprovidesthequickestresults.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種名為Hyrox的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式，介紹了其特點(diǎn)以及優(yōu)勢(shì)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“It’stooearlytonameanyactivityTheSportof2025,butifyouaskedmetodoittoday,IwouldgivethetitletoHyrox,whichisanindividualbutinteractiveactivity.(現(xiàn)在給任何一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)命名為2025年的運(yùn)動(dòng)都還為時(shí)過(guò)早，但如果你讓我今天做，我會(huì)把它命名為Hyrox，這是一項(xiàng)個(gè)人但互動(dòng)的活動(dòng))”和倒數(shù)第二段“Well,Hyroxisacombinedactivity:anindividualsportthatwedowithothers.Eachcompetitionfollowsthesamescoringsystem,whichallowspeopletocomparetheirresultswithothersaroundtheworld.(Hyrox是一項(xiàng)聯(lián)合活動(dòng)：我們和其他人一起進(jìn)行的個(gè)人運(yùn)動(dòng)。每次比賽都采用相同的計(jì)分系統(tǒng)，這使得人們可以將自己的成績(jī)與世界各地的其他人進(jìn)行比較)”可知，Hyrox的關(guān)鍵特性是它是自定節(jié)奏，但他人進(jìn)行排名與。故選D。【9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Onecommonexplanationisthatorganizedsportshaven’tbouncedbacksincethepandemic(疫情)afewyearsago.Whenpeoplelearnedtoexercisewithlessmoney,equipment,space,timeandorganization,theykeptindividualactivities.Meanwhile,therearenowfitnessappsforuserstotailorworksbasedontheirheartratesandsleepquality.Theriseofwearableshasalsogotsomeofusaddictedtoourownexerciseroutines.(一種常見(jiàn)的解釋是，自幾年前的大流行以來(lái)，有組織的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)一直沒(méi)有反彈。當(dāng)人們學(xué)會(huì)用更少的錢(qián)、設(shè)備、空間、時(shí)間和組織進(jìn)行鍛煉時(shí)，他們會(huì)保持個(gè)人活動(dòng)。與此同時(shí)，現(xiàn)在有一些健身應(yīng)用程序可以讓用戶根據(jù)自己的心率和睡眠質(zhì)量來(lái)定制健身項(xiàng)目?？纱┐髟O(shè)備的興起也讓我們中的一些人沉迷于自己的鍛煉習(xí)慣)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是轉(zhuǎn)向個(gè)人健身的原因。故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Engaginginteamsportsisaprovenwaytoeaseit,whichboostsourabilitytointeractandformmeaningfulrelationships.Well,Hyroxisacombinedactivity:anindividualsportthatwedowithothers.Eachcompetitionfollowsthesamescoringsystem,whichallowspeopletocomparetheirresultswithothersaroundtheworld.(參加團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)是一種行之有效的緩解方法，它能提高我們互動(dòng)和建立有意義的關(guān)系的能力。Hyrox是一項(xiàng)聯(lián)合活動(dòng)：我們和其他人一起進(jìn)行的個(gè)人運(yùn)動(dòng)。每次比賽都采用相同的計(jì)分系統(tǒng)，這使得人們可以將自己的成績(jī)與世界各地的其他人進(jìn)行比較)”可知，Hyrox通過(guò)將個(gè)人與共同的經(jīng)歷聯(lián)系起來(lái)以解決個(gè)人運(yùn)動(dòng)的問(wèn)題。故選B?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Themosteffectiveformofsport,”hesaid,“istheformyouwillsustain.”(“最有效的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式，”他說(shuō)，“是你能保持的形式。”)”可知，蓋伊·?？思{認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持做的運(yùn)動(dòng)是最有效的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選C。DForhundredsofyears,theislandofSantiagohasbeenhometoauniquepopulationoffree-rangingmonkeys,creatingapopularnaturallaboratoryforresearchers.In2017,ahurricanesignificantlyimpactedtheisland,destroyingmorethantwo-thirdsofplants.Evennow,treecoverremainsfarbelowpre-hurricanelevels,whichmakesshadeapreciousresourceforthemonkeys.Inresponsetotheviolentchangescausedbythehurricane,theyincreasedtoleranceanddecreasedattackstowardseachother,anewstudyfound.Theresearchersweremotivatedbyafindingintheirpreviousworkonthesamemonkeypopulation:Theanimalsbecamemoreacceptingofoneanotherandbuiltnewrelationshipsdespiteinsufficientresourceavailability.Butthistime,theteamwantedtoexplorewhetherthemonkeysweresimplypassivelyengagingintheseshade-sharingbehaviorsduetothefactthattheywerebeing“forced”intolimitedspace.For10yearsinarow,theresearcherscollectedbehavioraldataacrosssevensocialgroups.Theyconstructednetworksforeachgrouptodrawcomparisonsbeforeandafterthehurricane.“Beforethehurricane,toleratingothershadnoimpactontheriskofdeath,”firstauthorTestardsays.“Afterwards,themonkeysthatdisplayedmorethanaveragesocialtoleranceandwerethereforebetterabletoshareshade,were42%lesslikelytodiethanthosethatwerelesstolerant.”Thisrepresentsasuddenchangein“selectionpressure”,theevolutionary(進(jìn)化的)benefitsorcostsofdifferentcharacteristicsorbehaviors.“Toaccessshade,theyneedtotolerateandbetoleratedbyothers,andwefoundthatthistoleranceinfluencesotherdailyinteractions,”saysTestard.“Monkeysthatbegansharingshadealsospenttimetogetherinthemornings,beforetheday’sheatforcesthemtoseekshade.”P(pán)rofessorBrentaddsthat“monkeysareknownforlivinginanaggressive(好斗的)andhighlycompetitivesociety.Butintheheatcausedbyecologicalchanges,theycooperativelycopedwithdisturbancesintheenvironment.Weweresurprisedthatthemonkeys’socialbehaviorwassoflexible,makingthemquicklyadjusttothisenvironmentalchange.”12.Howdidthehurricaneaffectthemonkeys?A.Theyhadahigherdeathrate. B.Theyweremorefriendlytocompanions.C.Theydevelopedresistancetodisasters. D.Theymovedtoplaceswithmoreshade.13.What’sthepurposeofthenewstudy?A.Tofindouthowthemonkeyssharedshade.B.Toconfirmtheinteractionsbetweenthemonkeys.C.Tostudytheimpactsofresourcesonmonkeys.D.Toexplorethereasonsforthemonkeys’tolerance.14.Whatledtomonkeys’changingbehavior?A.Thechanceofbettersurvival. B.Thelargerpopulationofmonkeys.C.Theeasyavailabilityofresources. D.Theincreasinghumandisturbances.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Naturaldisastersarethemaindangerfacingwildanimals.B.Monkeysrelyonhumaninterventiontosurvivedisasters.C.Aggressionistheprimarysocialbehaviorinmonkeygroups.D.Environmentalpressuredrivesanimals’rapidbehavioralevolution.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了圣地亞哥島的猴子在颶風(fēng)導(dǎo)致環(huán)境變化（樹(shù)蔭資源不足）的壓力下，從好斗、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的社會(huì)行為轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦呷萑绦院秃献餍缘男袨椋⑶疫@種行為的改變有助于它們更好地生存，體現(xiàn)了環(huán)境壓力促使動(dòng)物行為快速進(jìn)化?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Evennow,treecoverremainsfarbelowpre-hurricanelevels,whichmakesshadeapreciousresourceforthemonkeys.Inresponsetotheviolentchangescausedbythehurricane,theyincreasedtoleranceanddecreasedattackstowardseachother,anewstudyfound.(即使是現(xiàn)在，樹(shù)木覆蓋率仍然遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于颶風(fēng)前的水平，這使得樹(shù)蔭成為猴子的寶貴資源。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，為了應(yīng)對(duì)颶風(fēng)造成的劇烈變化，它們?cè)黾恿巳萑潭?，減少了對(duì)彼此的攻擊。)”可知，颶風(fēng)使得樹(shù)木覆蓋量遠(yuǎn)低于颶風(fēng)前水平，樹(shù)蔭成為珍貴資源，猴子們對(duì)此的反應(yīng)是增加了對(duì)彼此的容忍度，減少了相互攻擊，即它們對(duì)同伴更友好了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Butthistime,theteamwantedtoexplorewhetherthemonkeysweresimplypassivelyengagingintheseshade-sharingbehaviorsduetothefactthattheywerebeing“forced”intolimitedspace.(但這一次，研究小組想要探索猴子是否只是被動(dòng)地參與這些陰影分享行為，因?yàn)樗鼈儽弧皬?qiáng)迫”進(jìn)入有限的空間。)”可知，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)之前發(fā)現(xiàn)猴子們?cè)谫Y源不足的情況下變得更能接受彼此并建立新關(guān)系，這次他們想探究猴子們進(jìn)行這些共享樹(shù)蔭行為的原因，是因?yàn)楸弧氨啤边M(jìn)有限空間而被動(dòng)為之，還是有其他原因，也就是探究猴子容忍行為的原因。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中““Beforethehurricane,toleratingothershadnoimpactontheriskofdeath,”firstauthorTestardsays.“Afterwards,themonkeysthatdisplayedmorethanaveragesocialtoleranceandwerethereforebetterabletoshareshade,were42%lesslikelytodiethanthosethatwerelesstolerant.”(“在颶風(fēng)之前，容忍他人對(duì)死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)沒(méi)有影響，”第一作者特斯塔德說(shuō)。“之后，那些表現(xiàn)出高于平均水平的社會(huì)容忍度，因此能夠更好地分享陰影的猴子，比那些容忍度較低的猴子死亡的可能性低42%?！?”可知，颶風(fēng)過(guò)后，表現(xiàn)出更多社會(huì)容忍度、更能共享樹(shù)蔭的猴子比容忍度低的猴子死亡率低42%，所以是更好的生存機(jī)會(huì)導(dǎo)致了猴子行為的改變。故選A項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段“ProfessorBrentaddsthat“monkeysareknownforlivinginanaggressive(好斗的)andhighlycompetitivesociety.Butintheheatcausedbyecologicalchanges,theycooperativelycopedwithdisturbancesintheenvironment.Weweresurprisedthatthemonkeys’socialbehaviorwassoflexible,makingthemquicklyadjusttothisenvironmentalchange.”(布倫特教授補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“眾所周知，猴子生活在一個(gè)充滿侵略性和高度競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的社會(huì)中。但在生態(tài)變化引起的高溫下，它們合作應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境中的干擾。我們驚訝于猴子的社會(huì)行為如此靈活，使它們能夠迅速適應(yīng)這種環(huán)境變化。”)”可知，文章主要講述了圣地亞哥島的猴子在颶風(fēng)導(dǎo)致環(huán)境變化（樹(shù)蔭資源不足）的壓力下，從好斗、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的社會(huì)行為轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦呷萑绦院秃献餍缘男袨?，并且這種行為的改變有助于它們更好地生存，體現(xiàn)了環(huán)境壓力促使動(dòng)物行為快速進(jìn)化。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverwonderedwhoitwasthatinventedmathematics?Actually,unlikealightbulboracomputer,mathematicsisn’tsomethingthatwasinventedbysomeone.____16____Anditsdiscoverycan’tevenbeattributedtooneperson.Instead,mathematicsdevelopedgraduallyoverthousandsofyearsthroughthecontributionsofmanypeople!____17____Noonecanknowforsure,butwecanuseourimaginationstothinkabouthowmathematicsmighthavegottenitsstart.Forexample,ifwegoallthewaybacktoprehistorichumansgatheringpeachestoeat,wecanimaginehowthisbasictaskprobablygaverisetoaneedformath.Ifyouandyourprehistoricfriendgatheredabasketfullofpeaches,you’dprobablyagreetosplitthemevenly.First,you’dneedtoknowhowmanypeachesyougathered.____18____Youmightfirstneedtocomeupwithnamesforthebasicunitsofmeasurement.Thismightbehowcountingandtheearliestnumberscameabout.Similarly,divisionmighthaveoriginatedfromtheneedtosplitthatpileofpeaches.____19____Andscientistsbelievethatmanybasicmathematicalfunctions,suchasadditionandmultiplicationappearedthousandsofyearsagoinvariousareasatthesametime,includingChina,India,Mesopotamia,andEgypt.MoreadvancedmathematicsistracedtoancientGreeceover2,500yearsago.____20____Sincethen,mathematicalfindingshaveinspiredlatermathematiciansandscientiststobuildonpredecessors’work,continuouslybroadeningourcomprehensionofmathematicsanditsconnectiontotheworld.A.Howdiditgetstarted?B.It’sreallymoreofadiscovery.C.Thatmeansyou’dneedtocountthem.D.Prehistorichumansmayhaveknownmoremaththanweassume.E.Theywouldhavebeenthefirsttodiscoverthebasicsofmathematics.F.Itwasaroundthistimethatmathematicsfirstbecameanorganizedscience.G.Infact,manymathematicalprinciplesweredevelopedinresponsetopracticalneeds.【答案】16.B17.A18.C19.G20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了數(shù)學(xué)的起源和發(fā)展過(guò)程?！?6題詳析】由上文“Actually,unlikealightbulboracomputer,mathematicsisn’tsomethingthatwasinventedbysomeone.(實(shí)際上，與燈泡或電腦不同，數(shù)學(xué)不是由某個(gè)人發(fā)明的東西。)”及下文“Anditsdiscoverycan’tevenbeattributedtooneperson.(而且它的發(fā)現(xiàn)甚至不能歸功于一個(gè)人。)”本空應(yīng)進(jìn)一步闡述數(shù)學(xué)不是發(fā)明而是發(fā)現(xiàn)這一觀點(diǎn)。B選項(xiàng)“It’sreallymoreofadiscovery.(它其實(shí)更像是一種發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”能承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?7題詳析】由下文“Noonecanknowforsure,butwecanuseourimaginationstothinkabouthowmathematicsmighthavegottenitsstart.(沒(méi)有人能夠確切地知道，但我們可以發(fā)揮我們的想象力來(lái)思考數(shù)學(xué)是如何起源的。)”可知，本空應(yīng)提出關(guān)于數(shù)學(xué)起源的問(wèn)題，A選項(xiàng)“Howdiditgetstarted?(它是如何開(kāi)始的？)”能引出下文，符合題意。故選A?！?8題詳析】由上文“First,you’dneedtoknowhowmanypeachesyougathered.(首先，你需要知道你摘了多少桃子。)”可知，上文提到了需要知道桃子的數(shù)量，因此本空應(yīng)解釋如何得知數(shù)量，C選項(xiàng)“Thatmeansyou’dneedtocountthem.(那意味著你需要數(shù)一下它們。)”能承接上文，解釋了如何得知桃子的數(shù)量，符合題意。故選C?！?9題詳析】由上文“Similarly,divisionmighthaveoriginatedfromtheneedtosplitthatpileofpeaches.(同樣，除法可能起源于分割那堆桃子的需要。)”可知，上文提到了除法可能起源于分割桃子的需要，本空應(yīng)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算與實(shí)際需求的關(guān)系。G選項(xiàng)“Infact,manymathematicalprinciplesweredevelopedinresponsetopracticalneeds.(事實(shí)上，許多數(shù)學(xué)原理都是為了滿足實(shí)際需要而發(fā)展起來(lái)的。)”能承接上文，進(jìn)一步解釋了數(shù)學(xué)原理與實(shí)際需要的關(guān)系，符合題意。故選G?！?0題詳析】由上文“MoreadvancedmathematicsistracedtoancientGreeceover2,500yearsago.(更高級(jí)的數(shù)學(xué)可以追溯到2500多年前的古希臘。)”及下文“Sincethen,mathematicalfindingshaveinspiredlatermathematiciansandscientiststobuildonpredecessors’work,continuouslybroadeningourcomprehensionofmathematicsanditsconnectiontotheworld.”(從那以后，數(shù)學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)激勵(lì)著后來(lái)的數(shù)學(xué)家和科學(xué)家在前輩的工作基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)研究，不斷拓寬我們對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)及其與世界聯(lián)系的理解。)”可知，本空應(yīng)進(jìn)一步解釋古希臘時(shí)期數(shù)學(xué)的發(fā)展情況。F選項(xiàng)“Itwasaroundthistimethatmathematicsfirstbecameanorganizedscience.”(大約就是在這個(gè)時(shí)候，數(shù)學(xué)首次成為一門(mén)有系統(tǒng)的科學(xué)。)”能承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共三小節(jié)。滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GeoffHoltwasborntosail.By18,hehadsailedacrosstheAtlanticOceanthreetimesand____21____severalsolovoyages.Alife-changing____22____in1984threatenedtoendhislifeontheoceanwaves,leavingthe____23____sailordisabled.Despitethesetback,hispassionforsailingwas____24____whenhesailedallbyhimselfaspeciallyadaptedboatforthedisabled.ThisexperiencemadehimthefirstdisabledpersontocrosstheAtlantic____25____.Committedtoofferingotherswithdisabilitiesthe____26____ofsailing,HoltestablishedtheWetwheelsFoundationin2011,____27____byhispersonalachievements.Itprovides____28____boatsforwheelchairaccess,securingadelightfulsailing.Withsupport,thefirstboat,WetwheelsSolent,was____29____inPortsmouth,andsubsequently,boatsinotherlocationssetsailaswell.Buildingonthis,Holt_____30_____“bluehealth”,aconceptthatlinksthe-seaandoverallhealth.Thus,theWetwheelstripsofferasensory-richsailingexperienceforthedisabled,_____31_____themintofightersinlife.Ratherthansimplypassengers,theyareactive_____32_____.Withagoalto_____33_____12,000peopleannuallyby2027,Holttookupthechallengetoraisemorefunds.Holt’sstoryshowsthepowerof_____34_____andthebeliefthatdisabilityisn’tblockstodreams.Holtwillcontinueto_____35_____barriers,onewaveatatime.21.A.organized B.viewed C.designed D.completed22.A.accident B.discovery C.choice D.decision23.A.cheerful B.modest C.innocent D.seasoned24.A.praised B.reawakened C.shared D.replaced25.A.unharmed B.unchallenged C.unassisted D.undisturbed26.A.truth B.joy C.space D.method27.A.promised B.indicated C.fueled D.controlled28.A.well-decorated B.mind-blowing C.high-quality D.custom-made29.A.launched B.bought C.tested D.constructed30.A.doubts B.explains C.mentions D.advocates31.A.forcing B.transforming C.persuading D.begging32.A.observers B.guides C.participants D.volunteers33.A.support B.impress C.meet D.respect34.A.patience B.generosity C.creativity D.determination35.A.putaside B.breakdown C.keepoff D.pickup【答案】21.D22.A23.D24.B25.C26.B27.C28.D29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述殘疾航海家GeoffHolt在遭遇事故后重燃航海熱情，創(chuàng)立基金會(huì)幫助殘疾人體驗(yàn)航海，并倡導(dǎo)“藍(lán)色健康”理念的故事?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：18歲時(shí)，他已經(jīng)三次橫渡大西洋，完成了幾次單人航行。A.organized組織；B.viewed觀看；C.designed設(shè)計(jì)；D.completed完成。根據(jù)“hehadsailedacrosstheAtlanticOceanthreetimes”可知他已經(jīng)三次橫渡大西洋，可推理出他18歲時(shí)已經(jīng)完成了幾次單人航行，故選D項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：1984年，一場(chǎng)改變他人生的事故威脅到了他在海浪上的生命，使這位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的水手變成了殘疾人。A.accident事故；B.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.choice選擇；D.decision決定。根據(jù)下文“threatenedtoendhislifeontheoceanwaves”可知下文說(shuō)的是威脅到了他在海浪上的生命，可推理出他在海上遇到了事故，故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.cheerful快樂(lè)的；B.modest謙虛的；C.innocent無(wú)辜的；D.seasoned經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的。根據(jù)“By18,hehadsailedacrosstheAtlanticOceanthreetimes”可知，他在18歲前已經(jīng)多次航海，是一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的水手，故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管遭遇了挫折，但當(dāng)他獨(dú)自駕駛一艘為殘疾人特制的船時(shí)，他對(duì)航海的熱情又重新被喚醒。A.praised贊揚(yáng)；B.reawakened重新喚醒；C.shared分享；D.replaced代替。根據(jù)上文“Despitethesetback,hispassionforsailingwas”以及下文“hesailedallbyhimselfaspeciallyadaptedboatforthedisabled”可知，盡管他遭遇了挫折，他獨(dú)自駕駛著一艘為殘疾人特別改裝的船只，可推理出他對(duì)航海的熱情被重新喚醒，故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這次經(jīng)歷使他成為第一個(gè)在無(wú)人幫助的情況下橫渡大西洋的殘疾人。A.unharmed未受傷的；B.unchallenged未受挑戰(zhàn)的；C.unassisted無(wú)人幫助的；D.undisturbed未受干擾的。根據(jù)上文“hesailedallbyhimselfaspeciallyadaptedboatforthedisabled”可知他獨(dú)自駕駛著一艘為殘疾人特別改裝的船只，可推理出他是一個(gè)在無(wú)人幫助的情況下橫渡大西洋的殘疾人，故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：霍爾特致力于為其他殘疾人提供航海的快樂(lè)，于2011年成立了Wetwheels基金會(huì)，這一舉動(dòng)受到了他個(gè)人成就的鼓舞。A.truth事實(shí)；B.joy快樂(lè)；C.space空間；D.method方法。根據(jù)下文“securingadelightfulsailing”可知下文說(shuō)的是確保快樂(lè)航行，可推理出霍爾特為殘疾人提供航海的快樂(lè)，故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.promised承諾；B.indicated表明；C.fueled激發(fā)，刺激；D.controlled控制。根據(jù)“byhispersonalachievements”可知下文提到了他的個(gè)人的成就，可推理出他的個(gè)人成就鼓舞他成立基金會(huì)，為殘疾人提供航海的快樂(lè)，故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它提供專門(mén)定制的船只，供輪椅進(jìn)入，確保愉快的航行。A.well-decorated裝飾精美的；B.mind-blowing令人興奮的；C.high-quality高質(zhì)量的；D.custom-made定制的。根據(jù)“boatsforwheelchairaccess”可知這些船可以供輪椅進(jìn)入，可推理出這些船是專門(mén)定制的，故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在大家的支持下，第一艘船WetwheelsSolent在樸茨茅斯下水，隨后其他地方的船只也相繼啟航。A.launched發(fā)動(dòng)，下水；B.bought買(mǎi)；C.tested測(cè)試；D.constructed建造。根據(jù)下文“boatsinotherlocationssetsailaswell”可知下文說(shuō)的是其他地方的船只也相繼啟航，可推理出此處指第一艘船在樸茨茅斯下水，故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在此基礎(chǔ)上，霍爾特倡導(dǎo)“藍(lán)色健康”，這是一個(gè)將海洋與整體健康聯(lián)系起來(lái)的概念。A.doubts懷疑；B.explains解釋；C.mentions提到；D.advocates倡導(dǎo)。根據(jù)下文“aconceptthatlinkstheseaandoverallhealth”可知下文說(shuō)的是一個(gè)將海洋與整體健康聯(lián)系起來(lái)的概念，可推理出這是霍爾特倡導(dǎo)的一個(gè)理念，故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，Wetwheels之旅為殘疾人提供了感官豐富的航海體驗(yàn)，將他們變成生活中的斗士。A.forcing強(qiáng)迫；B.transforming轉(zhuǎn)變；C.persuading勸說(shuō)；D.begging乞求。根據(jù)下文“themintofightersinlife”可知下文說(shuō)的是生活中的斗士，此次航海之旅將殘疾人轉(zhuǎn)變成生活中的斗士，故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們不僅僅是乘客，而是積極的參與者。A.observers觀察者；B.guides導(dǎo)游；C.participants參與者；D.volunteers志愿者。根據(jù)下文“12,000peopleannuallyby2027”可知下文說(shuō)的是他們的目標(biāo)是到2027年每年有12000人參與，可推理出他們積極參與其中，故選C項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：霍爾特的目標(biāo)是到2027年每年支持12000人，因此他接受了籌集更多資金的挑戰(zhàn)。A.support支持；B.impress使印象深刻；C.meet遇見(jiàn)；D.respect尊重。根據(jù)上文“themintofightersinlife”可知上文說(shuō)的是把它們從殘疾人變成生活中的斗士，可推理出此處說(shuō)的是霍爾特是為了支持更多殘疾人，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：霍爾特的故事顯示了決心的力量和殘疾不是夢(mèng)想障礙的信念。A.patience耐心；B.generosity慷慨；C.creativity創(chuàng)造力；D.determination決心。根據(jù)下文“thebeliefthatdisabilityisn’tblockstodreams”可知下文說(shuō)的是殘疾不是夢(mèng)想障礙的信念，可推理出霍爾特雖身有殘疾，但仍堅(jiān)持實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想，這顯示了決心的力量，故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：霍爾特將繼續(xù)一次一個(gè)浪花地打破障礙。A.putaside儲(chǔ)存；B.breakdown打破，分解；C.keepoff遠(yuǎn)離；D.pickup撿起。根據(jù)上文“thebeliefthatdisabilityisn’tblockstodreams”以及下文“barriers,onewaveatatime”可知霍爾特認(rèn)為殘疾不是夢(mèng)想的障礙，再根據(jù)下文提到的“障礙”以及“一次一個(gè)浪花”，可推理出此處說(shuō)的是霍爾特將繼續(xù)一次一個(gè)浪花地打破障礙，故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)詞匯語(yǔ)法選擇題（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）36.When______abouthissuddendecision,themanagersimplysmiledwithout______aword.A.asked;speaking B.asking;spoken C.toask;tospeak D.asks;speak【答案】A【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)被問(wèn)及他突然做出的這一決定時(shí)，這位經(jīng)理只是微