2025年托福口語模擬測試卷：全球氣候變化對農(nóng)業(yè)影響及可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究試題考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______請根據(jù)以下指示回答問題。Task1:Somepeoplebelievethatgovernmentsshouldinvestmoremoneyindevelopingnewtypesofsustainableagriculturetocombatclimatechange,whileothersthinktraditionalfarmingmethodsareenough.Whatisyouropinion?Pleaseexplainyourreasons.Task2:Listentothefollowinglecturesegment,andthenanswerthequestionbasedonthelecture.(SimulatedLectureSegmentforTask2:)Theprofessorisdiscussingtheimpactofrisingsealevelsoncoastalagriculture.Shementionsthatassealevelsrise,saltwaterintrusionintofreshwateraquifersandestuariesbecomesaseriousproblem.Thissaltwatercontaminatesthesoil,makingitunsuitableformosttraditionalcrops.TheprofessordescribesastudyconductedintheMekongDeltaregion,whereresearchersfoundthatriceyieldsdroppedsignificantlyinareasclosertothecoastwheresaltwatercontaminationwasprevalent.Shenotesthatalthoughsomesalt-tolerantricevarietiesexist,theyoftenhaveloweryieldsandpoorernutritionalquality.Theprofessorconcludesthatadaptingtothischangewillrequirenotjustdevelopingnewcrops,butalsoimplementingsophisticatedirrigationsystemsthatcanflushsaltoutofthesoilandprotectagriculturallandfromfurtherinundation.Basedonthelectureyoujustheard,summarizethemainpointstheprofessormadeaboutthewaysrisingsealevelsaffectcropyieldsincoastalregions.Task3:First,readthefollowingcampusannouncement,andthenlistentothelecturesegment.Afterthat,answerthequestion.(SimulatedReadingPassageforTask3):CampusSustainabilityInitiative:RainwaterHarvestingProjectTheUniversityAdministrationisproposinganewinitiativetopromotesustainabilityoncampus:theestablishmentofarainwaterharvestingsystem.Thisprojectaimstocollectrainwaterfromrooftopsacrosscampusandstoreitinlargereservoirs.Thecollectedwaterwillprimarilybeusedtoirrigatecampusgardens,lawns,andlandscaping,reducingthedemandforfreshwaterfromthemunicipalwatersupply.Theadministrationestimatesthatthisprojectcouldsignificantlydecreasetheuniversity'swaterconsumptionandassociatedenergycosts.Furthermore,theinitiativeisexpectedtocontributetopublicawarenessaboutwaterconservationamongstudentsandstaff.Initialfundinghasbeenapproved,andtheplanistoimplementthesysteminphasesoverthenexttwoyears.(SimulatedLectureSegmentforTask3):Thestudentcouncilmemberspeakinginthelectureisdiscussingtheuniversity'snewrainwaterharvestingproject,whichsheheardaboutintheannouncement.Sheacknowledgestheproject'spotentialenvironmentalbenefits,suchasreducingwaterconsumptionandenergyuse.However,sheraisesconcernsaboutitspracticalimplementationandlong-termsustainability.Thestudentmentionsthatmaintainingthecollectionsystems,reservoirs,andirrigationequipmentwillrequiresignificantongoingeffortandpotentiallyspecializedknowledge,whichmightstrainthecampus'smaintenanceresources.Shealsoquestionswhethertheamountofwatercollectedwillbesufficienttomeettheirrigationneeds,especiallyduringdrysummermonths.Thestudentsuggeststhatalongsidetherainwaterproject,theuniversityshouldalsoinvestinwater-efficientlandscapingandraiseawarenessaboutwaterconservationpracticesamongfacultyandstudentstomaximizetheoverallimpact.Basedonthereadingpassageandthelectureyoujustheard,explainhowthepointthestudentmakesinthelecturehelpsaddresstheissuementionedinthereadingpassageregardingthelong-termsustainabilityoftherainwaterharvestingproject.Task4:Listentothefollowinglecturesegment,andthenanswerthequestionbasedonthelecture.(SimulatedLectureSegmentforTask4):Theprofessoristalkingaboutdifferentapproachestosustainableagriculture.Hefocusesonagroforestry,whichinvolvesintegratingtreesandshrubsintocropandanimalfarmingsystems.Theprofessorexplainsthatagroforestrycanoffermultiplebenefitsforsustainability.Treescanprovideshade,reducesoilerosion,andimprovesoilfertilitythroughleaflitterdecomposition.Theycanalsofixnitrogeninthesoil,reducingtheneedforsyntheticfertilizers.Additionally,agroforestrysystemscandiversifyfarmincomestreamsbyproducingtimber,fruits,ornutsalongsidetraditionalcrops.TheprofessormentionsaresearchprojectinKenyawhereagroforestrysystemsshowedbetterresiliencetodroughtcomparedtomonoculturefarming.However,henotesthatsuccessfulimplementationrequirescarefulplanningregardingspeciesselectionandmanagementpractices.Theprofessorconcludesthatwhileagroforestryisnotasilverbullet,itrepresentsapromisingstrategyforachievingfoodsecurityandenvironmentalsustainabilityinachangingclimate.Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisthemainadvantageofagroforestrysystemsmentionedinthelecture,andexplainhowthisadvantageisrelatedtodevelopingsustainablefarmingpracticesinthefaceofclimatechange.試卷答案Task1:*觀點:支持政府投資發(fā)展新型可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)。*理由1:新型可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)能直接應(yīng)對氣候變化的負面影響。例如，開發(fā)抗旱、抗?jié)场⒛透邷鼗蚰望}堿的作物品種，可以直接增強農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)對極端天氣和氣候變化帶來的環(huán)境變化的適應(yīng)能力，保障作物產(chǎn)量穩(wěn)定。*理由2:新型可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)能促進資源的有效利用和環(huán)境的保護。例如，發(fā)展節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)、利用農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物進行能源和肥料生產(chǎn)、實施保護性耕作等，都能有效減少水資源消耗、降低環(huán)境污染、保護生物多樣性，這些都符合可持續(xù)發(fā)展的核心目標，而傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)模式在這些方面可能存在不足。*理由3:投資研發(fā)能推動農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新，形成競爭優(yōu)勢。在全球化背景下，擁有先進的可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)可以提升一個國家或地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)競爭力和糧食安全水平，同時也符合國際貿(mào)易中日益嚴格的環(huán)保標準。Task2:*總結(jié)要點:教授指出，海平面上升導致鹽waterintrusion（鹽水入侵），污染了沿海地區(qū)的土壤和淡水含水層。這降低了土壤的肥力，使其不再適合種植傳統(tǒng)作物，從而顯著影響了作物產(chǎn)量。雖然存在一些耐鹽作物，但它們的產(chǎn)