-2025年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語七選五命題細目表試卷名稱體裁話題語篇結構與字數(shù)題號和設空考點原文2020年新高考Ⅰ卷（山東卷）說明文人與自我——介紹了成為一名優(yōu)秀的演講者所要掌握的四個原則總分240+7716段中轉折對比關系。關聯(lián)詞however體現(xiàn)轉折邏輯，themajorityofpeople與前文Someindividuals形成對比，effectivespeakers與前文agiftforpublicspeaking相關聯(lián)，說明不同人群成為演講者的不同途徑。Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.16Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.G.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe..17段中轉折對比關系。前文說很多人演講時過于關注“公眾”而“講”，17后提要關注講，表明17題應該是轉折關系，theopposite指代反義，形成轉折對比關系。...Toooften,whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”17FocusonthespeakingA.Dotheopposite.18段末解釋關系。前文提到演講出錯時除非是嚴重錯誤否則不要停止演講，18題進一步說明對于小失誤不需要道歉，是對前文觀點的解釋。aminorslip對應前文amistake,同義復現(xiàn)。Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes....So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.18C.Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.19段中順承關系。前文說演講目標不是成為完美演講者，19題接著指出目標是成為有效的演講者，是對演講目標的進一步明確。后文緊接and,表明19題與后文表順承關系。選項“Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker”與前文“Yourgoal”相呼應，進一步闡述演講目標的具體內(nèi)容Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.19Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespracticeB.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.20段首總分關系。該句為段落主旨句，總述演講時少往往更好，后文通過人們對演講時長的不同感受來舉例說明這一觀點。20It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.”Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated...D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.2020年新高考II卷（海南卷）說明文人與自我——介紹如何與醫(yī)生進行有效溝通的方法和建議總分228+7716段末總結關系，總結上文，引出下文進行分述，起承上啟下作用。開篇強調(diào)和醫(yī)生交流的重要性后，16題引出下面具體的與醫(yī)生交流的建議。Talkingfreelywithyourdoctorcanmakeyoufeelbetterandgivesyourdoctortheinformationsheorheneedstogiveyouthebestcare16B.Herearesometipsfortalkingwithyourdoctor.17段中解釋說明關系。前文提到去看醫(yī)生要保持好態(tài)度，17題進一步解釋為什么要保持好態(tài)度，即醫(yī)生和其他醫(yī)護人員是站在患者這邊的，所以要以積極的團隊合作心態(tài)對待。選項“yourdoctorandothercaregiversareonyourside.”解釋了“Gotoyourdoctor'svisitswithagoodattitude”的原因，“yourdoctorandothercaregivers”與前文“yourdoctor”相關聯(lián)，從人員角度進一步說明保持好態(tài)度的依據(jù)。●Staypositive.Gotoyourdoctor'svisitswithagoodattitude.17Thinkteamwork!Thinkpositive!E.Remember,yourdoctorandothercaregiversareonyourside.18段首解釋說明關系。該段主題是記錄自身感受，18題說明在看醫(yī)生前記錄感受的好處，是對該段主題的具體解釋。選項中的“keepnotesonhowyouarefeeling”與段落主題“Keeptrackofhowyouarefeeling”緊密相關，“keepnotes”是“keeptrack”的具體方式，進一步闡述了如何做好記錄以及記錄的時機?！馣eeptrackofhowyouarefeeling.18Thiswillmakeiteasierforyoutoanswerquestionsaboutyoursymptoms（癥狀）andhowmedicinesmakeyoufeelD.Beforeyourdoctor'svisit,keepnotesonhowyouarefeeling.19段首（小標題）段落主旨句，引出段落主題。該空是一個小標題，引出下面關于提供醫(yī)療史和告知過敏藥物等相關內(nèi)容的闡述。選項中的“medicalhistory”和“alistofcurrentmedicine”與原文出現(xiàn)原詞?！?9Yourmedicalhistoryisalistofyourillnesses,treatments,whatthedoctorstoldyoutodo,andanythingelseyouthinkyourdoctorshouldknow.F.Bringyourmedicalhistory,includingalistofyourcurrentmedicines.20段中因果關系。前文說把問題寫下來帶到看醫(yī)生時，20題說明這樣做的結果是更容易獲得答案。選項中代詞“This”指代前文“writethemdownandbringthelistwithyoutoyourappointment”這一行為，通過代詞體現(xiàn)邏輯上的因果關聯(lián).●Askquestions.Torememberallthequestionsyouhavewhenyouarenotinthedoctor'soffice,writethemdownandbringthelistwithyoutoyourappointment.20A.Thiswillmakegettinganswerseasier.2021年新高考Ⅰ卷記敘文人與自我——作者夫婦兩人在巴黎的居住感受總分256+7636段中因果關系。根據(jù)下文的關聯(lián)詞so,可推斷需要表示原因的句子。前文說作者夫婦在巴黎待了一周，36題解釋他們這樣做的目的是想體驗像真正巴黎人一樣的生活，為后文租公寓等行為做鋪墊。選項中“Ouraim”表明是對前文行為目的的闡述。MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.36Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.37段中并列補充關系。前文提到公寓水管正常工作，37題繼續(xù)補充公寓其他好的方面，如廚房和床?！癮nicekitchenandacomfortablebed”和前文“theplumbingworked”都是在介紹公寓的設施狀況，屬于并列的描述內(nèi)容。Theplacewasn’tentirelyauthentic,though.UnlikeanormalParisianapartment,theplumbing(水管)worked.37Ourbuildingevenhadatinyliftwithafemalevoicethatsaid,“Ouverturedesportes,”inperfectFrenchC.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.38段中解釋說明關系。前文說巴黎人吃美食還不長胖，38題解釋這一現(xiàn)象的原因，即食物太美味，不需要吃很多就能讓人滿足，二者存在因果解釋的邏輯關系。同疇詞銜接。前文出現(xiàn)“greatfood”，38題中的“delicious”“food”與之屬于同疇詞，保持了話題的一致性。以及后文提到“Frenchstrawberries”來說明食物的美味，38題中Thefoodissodelicious”為后面具體舉例提供了總括性的表述，二者在句間形成總分關系，共同說明法國食物的美味特點。Assomeonenotedinthispaperacoupleofweeksago,theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.38Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon’tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.39段首遞進關系。39題設置在段首句，不僅需要承接上一段的主要內(nèi)容吃得少的原因，同時還要引出少吃的另一個原因。在邏輯上既承接了前文關于巴黎人飲食特點的討論，又進一步拓展話題。39OnourfirstmorninginParis,MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruitwehadevereaten.Buttheycost$18!E.That’snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.40段中遞進關系。前文說法國咖啡館總是很擁擠，40題進一步指出并非所有顧客都是游客，在內(nèi)容上有遞進邏輯。“Notallthecustomersaretourists”在“Frenchcafésarealwayscrowded”的基礎上進一步說明咖啡館顧客的構成情況，引發(fā)對法國人工作時間的疑問，與后文關于法國人工作時長的描述相呼應。InFrance,qualityoflifeismuchmoreimportantthanefficiency(效率).Youcantellthisbycaféslife.Frenchcafésarealwayscrowded.40Whendothesepeoplework?...A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.2021年新高考II卷說明文人與自我——提高閱讀速度的技巧總分244+5136段末總領下文。前文強調(diào)了學習中提高閱讀速度的好處，36題引出下文具體的提高閱讀速度的建議。“Herearesometipstohelpimproveyourreadingspeed”直接表明下文將介紹相關技巧，起到了承上啟下的作用，引出后續(xù)各條具體建議。Butifyouhavetoreadagreatdealforstudy,youwillappreciatethebenefitsofbeingabletoreadmorequickly.36D.Herearesometipstohelpimproveyourreadingspeed.37段末補充說明關系。前文提到閱讀前要確保舒適，包括合適的座位和書籍與眼睛的距離，37題進一步補充保持房間涼爽以避免困倦，是對創(chuàng)造舒適閱讀環(huán)境的進一步說明?！癒eeptheroomcoolratherthanwarmtoavoidfeelingsleepy”與前文“makesurethatyouarecomfortable”相呼應，從房間溫度方面對舒適閱讀環(huán)境進行補充，“comfortable”和“avoidfeelingsleppy”相關聯(lián)。Beforeyouopenthebook,makesurethatyouarecomfortable.Youneedaseatwhichsupportsyourbackandthebookshouldbeattherightdistancefromyoureyes.37______GKeeptheroomcoolratherthanwarmtoavoidfeelingsleepy.38段首段落主旨句，位于句首。該句是一個建議，引導讀者在閱讀前花幾分鐘瀏覽書籍，下文具體說明了瀏覽的內(nèi)容及這樣做的好處。38Lookatthetableofcontents,thepreface,thechapterheading,etc.ThiswillhelpyoutoTenminutesspentinthiswaycouldsaveyouquitealotoftimeinthelongrun.B.Spendafewminuteslookingthroughthebook.39段中解釋關系。前文說要根據(jù)情況決定每次的閱讀量，39題解釋這取決于所讀書籍的類型，后文通過對比歷史書和科學書進一步說明了不同類型書籍閱讀量的差異。“This”指代前文“decidehowmuchyoucanreadatatime”，明確了兩者之間的因果關系，“thetypeofbook”與后文提到的“historybook”和“onedealingwithscientificsubjects”相呼應，解釋了決定閱讀量的依據(jù)。Ifyoudecidethatyouneedtoreadthewholebook,decidehowmuchyoucanreadatatime.39AhistorybookwhichmaycontainthefactsinstoryformwillbeeasiertoreadthanonedealingwithscientificsubjectsC.Thisdependsonthetypeofbookyouarereading.40段中解釋關系。前文提到閱讀時要備有紙和筆，40題說明這樣做是為了記錄重要頁面等內(nèi)容，是對準備紙筆用途的解釋。“Makeanote”與“keepapencilandpaper”在功能上形成對應，解釋了工具與行為的關聯(lián)。Alwayskeepapencilandpaperbesideyou.40NotealsothefactsimportantforyourpurposeaswellasanythingwhichleadsyoutofurtherresearchE.Makeanoteofanypagewhichisofspecialimportance.2022年新高考Ⅰ卷說明文人與社會——如何找到一個一起鍛煉的伙伴總分250+6936段中并列關系。前文提到健身伙伴能讓人更愿意去健身房，36題補充另一個好處，即和他人一起訓練會更努力?！癥ou’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse”與前文“Onereasonwas:someoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,’”在結構和語義上并列，都是闡述健身伙伴帶來的積極影響，“trainwithsomeoneelse”與“workoutpartner”相呼應。FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”whileanotherread:“36”Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortC.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.37段中選擇關系。“Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?”與后文“Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?”形成選擇關系，“Doyouwant”的提問方式與前文“decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson”相呼應。Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.37Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?38段中補充說明。前文說在社交媒體發(fā)布找健身伙伴的信息可能沒用，38題補充應考慮健身伙伴的居住距離這一實際因素，進一步說明尋找健身伙伴的注意事項。Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon’tresultinausefulresponse.38Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.39段末總結關系。39題位于段末，總結整段大意。前文舉例說明如何發(fā)布尋找健身伙伴的信息，39題總結指出任何此類信息都應包含類似內(nèi)容。選項中的“suchinformation”指代前文例子中提到的訓練內(nèi)容、時間、年齡、喜愛的運動和聯(lián)系方式等，“Anynotice”與前文“postedherrequestonthenoticeboard”相呼應。...Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.39G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.40段中遞進關系。前文提到雙方技能不同，40題針對這種情況提出要接受差異并學會合作的建議。選項中的“yourdifferences”與前文“Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills”相呼應，“workwitheachother”與后文“helpeachother”語義相關。Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.2022年新高考Ⅱ卷說明文人與自我——寫文章的技巧總分233+6736段首段落主旨句，位于段首，概括本段大意，并引出下文。選項中的“Firstofall”表明是第一種技巧，與下段開頭的“thenexttechnique”、“Thethirdtechnique”相呼應，“nonstopwriting”與下文描述的“writenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper”相呼應。36Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.D.Firstofall,leanthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.37段中解釋說明。前文說寫作時要放松自由，37題進一步解釋在寫作過程中讓筆跟隨思緒流淌，體現(xiàn)放松自由的狀態(tài)。37題是對前文“Staylooseandfree”的具體解釋，“pen”與前文寫作的動作相呼應，形象地說明了寫作時應有的狀態(tài)。Staylooseandfree.37Don'tworryaboutgrammarorspellingithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.B.Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.38段中轉折對比關系。前文說寫初稿要不追求完美，后文通過yet轉折強調(diào)不追求完美的好處，由此可推斷38題。“Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime”與前文“writeyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect”形成對比，“drafts”保持話題一致。Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.38Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled（弄皺）paperE.Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.39段中因果關系。因為很多新手作者不留足夠的修改空間，所以需要打印三倍行距的副本。根據(jù)下文“asaresult”表結果，可推斷39題為原因，“Manybeginningwritersdon'tleaveenoughspacetorevise”與前文“tryprintingoutatriple-spacedcopytoallowspaceforrevision”形成因果聯(lián)系，“don'tleaveenoughspacetorevise”解釋了打印三倍行距副本的原因。Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple-spaced（三倍行距）copytoallowspaceforrevision.39Asaresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks（大塊）oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.F.Manybeginningwritersdon'tleaveenoughspacetorevise.40段中順承關系。前文說修改亂了后可錄入修改內(nèi)容，40題接著說可以再打印一份新的三倍行距稿，是操作步驟的順承。選項“Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space”中的“Then”表示順承關系，“printoutafreshdraft”和前文“enteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor”在操作流程上緊密相連，“triple-space”與前文一致，保持話題連貫性Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.40Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space.2023年浙江1月卷說明文人與社會——使火車旅行變得舒適愉快的指導和建議總分285+8336段中遞進關系。前文提到長途列車尤其是臥鋪很容易售罄，36題進一步說明在繁忙的夏季這種情況更為突出，是對前文內(nèi)容的遞進強調(diào)。選項中的“That”指代前文“Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,selloutveryquickly”這一情況。Planahead.Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,selloutveryquickly.36Butnomatterwhenyoutravel,it’sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.D.That’sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.37段中因果關系。前文說旅行社能幫忙找折扣票，37題進一步說明找旅行社的好處，與下文不用每天三次在行駛的列車上穿過幾節(jié)車廂去用餐，前后存在因果聯(lián)系。選項中的“He”指代前文的“atravelagent”，“also”表示在找折扣票之外的另一個好處，“nexttothediner”與后文“won’thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals”相呼應。Useatravelagent.Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.37Thenyouwon’thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.G.Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat’srightnexttothediner.38段中解釋關系。前文說坐火車即使是過夜也不會免費提供毛毯，38題解釋需要帶毛毯的原因。“railcars”與前“ridingontrains”相呼應，“temperature”和后文提到的夏天冷的情況相聯(lián)系，說明了毛毯的必要性。Bringablanket.Whenyou’reridingontrains,youwon’tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.38Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.C.Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.39段中解釋關系。前文強調(diào)錯過火車可能是災難，39題具體解釋原因?！癥oumighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone”是對前文“missingyourscanbeadisaster”的具體解釋，“waitlongerthan24hours”突出了誤車后果的嚴重性，與前文形成邏輯上的解釋關系。Arriveearly.Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.39E.Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.40段中舉例說明。前文說要享受旅行，40題列舉了在火車上可以進行的一些娛樂活動，對享受旅行的具體舉例?！癛eadabook,knit,doacrosswordpuzzle,orsimplywatchtheworldunfoldoutsidethewindow”具體展示了如何在火車上玩得開心，與前文“Havefun”相呼應，通過具體的活動舉例來解釋如何享受火車旅行。Havefun.40Readabook,knit,doacrosswordpuzzle,orsimplywatchtheworldunfoldoutsidethewindow.Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide3,600(thenumberofsecondsinanhour)bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile(thedistancebetweentwomileposts)A.Traintripsaren’tforimpatienttypes.2023年新高考Ⅰ卷說明文人與自我——鼓勵人們練習自我寬恕及如何通過寫作練習來增強自信總分239+7536段中遞進關系。前文提到犯錯后不要過分自責，36題進一步強調(diào)自我寬恕也很重要，是對前文觀點的遞進。選項中的“justasimportant”表明與前文觀點的緊密聯(lián)系，“showyourselfsomeforgiveness”直接點明自我寬恕這一核心觀點，與文章主題呼應。Takingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯)ishuman.36Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.37段中承接關系。前文說在紙上寫“個人優(yōu)點”的標題，37題接著說明要列出自己喜歡的個性特點，是對寫“個人優(yōu)點”這一動作的具體承接。選項中的“Now”體現(xiàn)承接關系。選項中“characteristics”與前文“strengths”構成同義詞復現(xiàn)。選項中的“all”是總結前文提到的種種特點。Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.38段末總結關系。38位于段末，前文列舉了一些善舉的例子，38題強調(diào)無論善舉多小都要記錄下來，是對列舉善舉這一行為的強調(diào)?！癢hateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown”中的“Whateveritis”指代前文提到的各種善舉，“writeitdown”與前文在紙上記錄的行為相呼應，進一步突出記錄善舉的要求。Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenbakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.38F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.39段中推測與拓展。前文說可以請朋友或家人幫忙補充清單，39題推測他們可能也想嘗試這個練習，進一步拓展了請他人參與的可能性。選項中的“They”指代前文的“afriendorfamilymember”，“haveagoatdoingtheexercise”與前文介紹的寫作練習相呼應，體現(xiàn)了邏輯上的連貫。Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.39Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethroughC.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.40段中解釋關系。前文說人們能從錯誤中學習是真的，40題進一步解釋錯誤不是個性中固定不變的方面，說明錯誤對個人成長的積極意義，是對前文觀點的解釋。選項中的“Whateverthemistake”承接前文提到的從錯誤中學習，“isn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality”解釋了錯誤與個人發(fā)展的關系，進一步闡述了錯誤的積極作用。It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbutfromtheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.2023年新高考II卷說明文人與自我——一些開始藝術之旅的好建議總分總257+5736段中補充關系。前文提到用素描本進行小創(chuàng)作，36題補充不要丟棄初學者時期的作品，因為可以回顧自己的成長歷程，是對“Startsmall”這一建議的進一步說明?！癉on’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart”與前文“usingasketchbookforsmallstudies”相呼應，“beginnerart”指代用素描本創(chuàng)作的小作品，“l(fā)ookbackonyourjourney”解釋了保留這些作品的原因。●Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.36You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.37段末解釋關系。前文強調(diào)要經(jīng)常寫生，37題解釋經(jīng)常寫生的好處，即能培養(yǎng)繪畫的肌肉記憶，是對“Paintoftenandpaintfromlife”的進一步解釋。選項中的“repetition”對應前文“paintoften”，“paintingmusclememory”解釋了經(jīng)常寫生帶來的效果，說明經(jīng)常寫生的意義。●PaintoftenandpaintfromlifeWhetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.37G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.38段中解釋關系。前文說要不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己嘗試新事物，38題進一步解釋挑戰(zhàn)自己意味著要走出舒適區(qū)，且藝術成長可能會痛苦，是對“Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew”的具體解釋。“Getoutofyourcomfortzone”是對“challengeyourself”的具體闡述，“Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful”進一步說明挑戰(zhàn)自我時會面臨的情況，與前文“trysomethingnew”相呼應。●Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.38Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub;we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.A.Getoutofyourcomfortzone.39段首段落主旨句，位于段首，總結本段主旨大意。該段主要講述尋求和接受建設性反饋對成長至關重要，且作者分享自己在社交媒體分享作品獲得反饋的經(jīng)歷，選項中的“Shareyourwork”與后文“postmyworkonsocialmedia”相呼應，“feelcomfortable”與下文“feelvaluedandrespected”相呼應。●39Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反饋)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.40段中遞進關系。前文說藝術之旅并非直線發(fā)展，40題指出會遇到障礙和感到沮喪，對前一句非直線發(fā)展的進一步闡述。Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.40Pushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.E.You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.2024年浙江1月卷說明文人與自我——在線學習的利弊及應對策略問題-解決型257+8536段中順承關系，對前文的進一步闡述。同疇詞，選項中collegestudents，onlinecourses與前文的universityandcollegeexperience，onlinelearning屬于同疇詞，在語義上相互關聯(lián)。...onlinelearninghasbecomeasignificantpartoftheuniversityandcollegeexperience.36Butareallonlinecoursescreatedequal?G.Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredforonlinecourses.37段中問題-回答關系,前文提出兩個問題，37題進一步提出一個問題，后文來回答這個問題。詞匯銜接關系：同義復現(xiàn)。onlinecourses與前文多次出現(xiàn)的onlinelearning，onlinecourses同義復現(xiàn)，保持話題的一致性。Howcanyoubesurethatdigitallearningisrightforyou?37Weinterviewed...onlinecourses.F.Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?38段中轉折對比關系，與前文形成轉折對比。轉折詞but體現(xiàn)轉折關系；fallbehindschedule與前文anywhereandanytime形成對比，說明即使有靈活性也可能出現(xiàn)學習進度問題。Themostobviousadvantageofonlinelearningisthatyoucanstudyanywhereandanytime.38“Ithinkapointthatmanypeoplelosesightofishoweasyitcanbetofallbehindschedule,”A.Butthatdoesn’tmeantherearen’tdeadlines.39段中解釋例證關系，39題通過例子來解釋，例證前文觀點。代詞he用來指代選項人物ProfessorAlexDavidsonThetipthatcomesupmostoftenissimple:buildonlinecoursesintoyourweeklyschedule,justlikewhatyouwoulddowithin-personcourses.39Henotedthathisonlinestudents...D.ProfessorAlexDavidsonteachesthesamecourseinpersonandonline.40段首段落主旨句，概括總結整段大意。lackhumaninteraction概括了后文提到的社交聯(lián)系缺乏的問題，與后文的socialconnection,studygroup,meetingswithyourprofessor等形成呼應。40Asocialconnectionisoftenabigpartoflearning.Therearethingsyoucandotoeasethisproblem....Youcanalsofindstudents...organizeastudygroup,orschedulein-personmeetingswithyourprofessorE.Thechiefcomplaintaboutonlinecoursesisthattheylackhumaninteraction.2024年新高考Ⅰ卷夾敘夾議文人與自我——作者使用英語詞典的經(jīng)驗和心得以及從中獲得的樂趣?？偡?57+6136段中解釋關系,對前文內(nèi)容的具體說明。同義復現(xiàn),“goodgrammarandnospellingmistakes”是對“aperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript”中關于拼寫和語法方面的具體闡釋，屬于同義復現(xiàn)的銜接方式。...Ifyouwanttobepublished,it’svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript.36F.Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.37段中因果關系,對前文解釋原因。代詞“it”指代“l(fā)aptop’sspellchecker”，通過代詞實現(xiàn)銜接。通過代詞實現(xiàn)銜接，同時“takesnoaccountofthecontext”解釋了不信賴的原因，與前文形成邏輯關聯(lián)。Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk:dictionaryandthesaurus.Idon’ttrustmylaptop’sspellchecker.37butI’mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers....B.Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.38段首段落主旨句，總分關系，總結前文大意，并引出下文。“adictionary”與前文提到的詞典形成同義復現(xiàn)，明確該段圍繞詞典展開說明。38Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.E.Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.39段中轉折關系。前文介紹該詞典詞匯豐富，39題話鋒一轉，說明自己不常使用這本詞典，接著又說在某些情況下很有用，形成轉折關系。與上下文形成轉折對比關系。選項中”thisdictionary”指代前面提到的“anoldtwo-volumecopyoftheShorterOxfordDictionary”，通過代詞實現(xiàn)詞匯銜接。...Itcontainsaround163,000words,pluswordcombinationsandidiomaticphrases.39However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there’snothingbetter.A.Idon’toftenusethisdictionary.40段中轉折關系。選項中的“But”體現(xiàn)轉折邏輯關系，“adictionary”與前文多次提到的詞典形成同義復現(xiàn)，保持話題的一致性。...“Tomakedictionariesisdullwork,”wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof“dull”.40Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.D.Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.2024年新高考II卷說明文人與社會——針對過度旅游問題，給出了應對建議總分總253+5236段中轉折對比關系，前文提到要提交完美、專業(yè)呈現(xiàn)的原稿，36題進一步解釋完美原稿意味著語法正確且無拼寫錯誤，是對前文內(nèi)容的具體說明?！癵oodgrammarandnospellingmistakes”是“aperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript”中關于拼寫和語法方面的具體闡釋，屬于同義復現(xiàn)的銜接方式。Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboostslocaleconomiesandcommunities,buttherapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations.36Certainlynot.B.So,shouldwestoptraveling?37段末解釋例證關系，前文說要在風景、文化或美食真正吸引自己時才去某個地方旅游，37題進一步說明這樣做其實就是為自己而旅游，是對前文觀點的具體解釋。Choosemindfully.Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they’respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it’seasytofeellikeyou’remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.37C.Travelforyouandnooneelse.38段中順承關系，38題是對前文的進一步說明。選項中relativelyundiscoveredplaces與原文less-visitedoptions是同義復現(xiàn)。...it’sactuallyconcentratedtoasmallnumberofextremelypopularspots.Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.38E.Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.39段首段落主旨句，總分關系，39題是對本段大意的總結，下面的內(nèi)容對此進行具體闡述，和39題形成總分關系。上下義詞，off-peaktimes是對后文skippingmajorholidaysorrushhour的概括，前后形成上下義詞的銜接關系。39Minimizeimpactandmaximizeexperiencebyskippingmajorholidaysorrushhour.You’llcompetewithfewertourists,savemoney,experienceadifferentsideofapopularplace,andboosttheeconomywhentourismistraditionallyslower.A.Visitduringoff-peaktimes.40段中遞進關系，前文說要盡力保護旅游目的地的特色，40題進一步建議回饋所訪問的社區(qū)，程度上有所遞進，且后面提到會讓人與當?shù)厝烁H近，是進一步的結果說明。Visitingaplacethatotherscallhomeisaprivilege（榮幸）.Doyourparttopreservewhatmakesadestinationspecialinthefirstplace.·40Youmaybeamazedhowmuchcloseryou'llfeeltothepeoplethere.G.Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou’revisiting.2025年浙江1月卷說明文人與社會——針對溝通中存在的問題，給出一系列解決辦法總分總263+5836段中解釋關系，36題是對前文觀點的具體闡釋，與下文beclearandbrief形成解釋性的銜接。“themessagedoesn’tcomeacrossclearly”是對“tryingtodotoomuch”這種錯誤行為后果的具體描述，前后語義相關，形成解釋性的銜接。Oneofthemostcommonmistakesincommunicationistryingtodotoomuch.36Beingclearandbriefisahigh-levelcommunicationskill.C.Thebestmessagesareoftensimple.37段中解釋例證關系，37題是對前文觀點的進一步說明。近義詞銜接，whatmatterstothem與theirinterests語義相近，通過近義詞的形式實現(xiàn)詞匯銜接，進一步闡述相關內(nèi)容。...Youraudiencewillnaturallybemoreinterestedandengagedwhenyoutailoryourcommunicationstotheirinterests.37Thiswillengagetheirdesiretounderstandandinteractwiththeinformation.D.Speakdirectlytowhatmatterstothem.38段中轉折對比關系，38題與后文，形成轉折對比。通過后文連詞however可知，與后文意義相反。選項中youalreadyknowwhatyou’regoingtosay與后文they’rehearingitforthefirsttime形成對比。Eventhemostengagedandcommittedaudiencewilleventuallygetbored.Keepingyourmessagesimpleandclearwillmakeiteasierforpeopletounderstand.38However,they’rehearingitforthefirsttime.Keepitsimple.G.Asthespeaker,youalreadyknowwhatyou’regoingtosay.39段首（小標題）段落主旨句，該部分為小標題，與下文形成屬于總分關系。選項中Gettheaudienceinvolved概括了后文的具體行為，通過標題與內(nèi)容的呼應實現(xiàn)銜接。選項中的audience與下文出現(xiàn)原詞重合。39Asktheaudiencetocontributetheirideasortotakearoleinexplainingnewconceptsandpoliciestoothers.Allowthemtoleaddiscussionsandmeetingstodeveloptheircommunicationskills.B.Gettheaudienceinvolved.40段末遞進關系，選項中It指代上文中的Writtencommunication，通過代詞實現(xiàn)銜接，also體現(xiàn)了語義上的遞進關系，進一步說明書面溝通的好處。Iftheinformationyou’recommunicatingisn’turgent,considersendinganemail.Writtencommunicationwillgiveyouraudiencemoretimetoreviewit,thinkitover,andfollowupwithquestions.40Buildingeffectivecommunicationskillstakestime,buttheeffectsareworththeeffort.F.Itwillalsogivethemahandyrecordtoreferbackto2020年山東、海南兩省聯(lián)考說明文人與社會——酒店叫醒服務從傳統(tǒng)方式到個性化服務的轉變總分總208+6736段末順承關系，36題順著原話題，進一步說明。選項中they指代前文提到的“anactualhumanbeing”，通過代詞保持指代的一致性，“mightbringyoucoffee”是對前面內(nèi)容的進一步補充。...They'llsendanactualhumanbeingtoyourroom.Don'tworry.Theywon'tcomeinandgiveyouagoodmorningkiss.36A.Buttheymightbringyoucoffee.37段中總結關系，前文說如今多數(shù)旅行者手機有內(nèi)置鬧鐘，37題轉折指出酒店叫醒服務仍有必要。根據(jù)下文展開的例子可知，37題總結了下文。Nevermindthatmosttravelersnowadayshavesmartphoneswithbuilt-inalarmclocks37Herearesomeexamples.AtWolcottHotel,ifawake-upcallisunanswered,theywillsendanemployeetoyourdoor...F.Thehumanwake-upcallisawaytopersonalizeaguest'sstay.38段末解釋關系，前文列舉了不同的例子，38題是對前面例子的補充說明。Herearesomeexamples.AtWolcottHotel,ifawake-upcallisunanswered,theywillsendanemployeetoyourdoor.AtMandarinOriental,apersonratherthananautomatedsystem