自考英美概況題庫及答案

一、單項選擇題1.ThelargeststateintheUnitedStatesintermsofareais_.A.TexasB.AlaskaC.CaliforniaD.Hawaii答案：B2.ThecapitalcityoftheUnitedKingdomis_.A.ManchesterB.BirminghamC.LondonD.Liverpool答案：C3.ThefirstsuccessfulEnglishcolonyinNorthAmericawasfoundedat_.A.PlymouthB.JamestownC.BostonD.NewYork答案：B4.ThehighestmountaininBritainis_.A.BenNevisB.SnowdonC.ScafellPikeD.CrossFell答案：A5.TheUnitedStatesisafederalunionof_states.A.49B.50C.51D.52答案：B6.TheMagnaCartawassignedin_.A.1215B.1485C.1688D.1776答案：A7.TheDeclarationofIndependencewasadoptedon_.A.July4,1776B.August15,1776C.September17,1787D.March4,1789答案：A8.ThemainreligionintheUnitedKingdomis_.A.CatholicismB.ProtestantismC.IslamD.Buddhism答案：B9.TheRockyMountainsarelocatedin_.A.theeastoftheUnitedStatesB.thewestoftheUnitedStatesC.thenorthoftheUnitedStatesD.thesouthoftheUnitedStates答案：B10.TheIndustrialRevolutionfirststartedin_.A.theUnitedStatesB.GermanyC.FranceD.theUnitedKingdom答案：D二、多項選擇題1.ThefollowingarethemajorpoliticalpartiesintheUnitedStates_.A.theDemocraticPartyB.theRepublicanPartyC.theLiberalPartyD.theConservativeParty答案：AB2.ThefourpartsoftheUnitedKingdomare_.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.NorthernIreland答案：ABCD3.ThefollowingareimportantriversintheUnitedStates_.A.theMississippiRiverB.theMissouriRiverC.theColoradoRiverD.theHudsonRiver答案：ABCD4.ThefactorscontributingtothestartoftheIndustrialRevolutionintheUKinclude_.A.theavailabilityofnaturalresourcesB.thedevelopmentofoverseastradeC.theaccumulationofcapitalD.theadvanceoftechnology答案：ABCD5.ThefollowingarefamousuniversitiesintheUnitedKingdom_.A.OxfordUniversityB.CambridgeUniversityC.HarvardUniversityD.YaleUniversity答案：AB6.ThemainexportsoftheUnitedStatesinclude_.A.agriculturalproductsB.high-techproductsC.automobilesD.textiles答案：ABC7.ThehistoricaleventsintheUnitedStatesinclude_.A.theCivilWarB.theGreatDepressionC.theVietnamWarD.theFirstWorldWar答案：ABC8.ThefollowingareimportantcitiesintheUnitedKingdom_.A.EdinburghB.GlasgowC.CardiffD.Belfast答案：ABCD9.ThecharacteristicsoftheUSeducationsystemare_.A.decentralizedmanagementB.diversecurriculaC.emphasisonpracticalskillsD.strictentranceexaminations答案：ABC10.ThefollowingarethefunctionsoftheBritishgovernment_.A.makinglawsB.implementingpoliciesC.maintainingsocialorderD.conductingforeignaffairs答案：ABCD三、判斷題1.TheUnitedStatesisacountrywithaunitarysystemofgovernment.（）答案：錯誤。美國是聯(lián)邦制國家。2.TheRiverThamesisthelongestriverintheUnitedKingdom.（）答案：錯誤。塞文河是英國最長的河流。3.TheDeclarationofIndependencewaswrittenbyThomasJefferson.（）答案：正確4.TheConservativePartyandtheLabourPartyarethetwomajorpoliticalpartiesintheUnitedKingdom.（）答案：正確5.TheGrandCanyonislocatedinthestateofCaliforniaintheUnitedStates.（）答案：錯誤。大峽谷位于美國亞利桑那州。6.TheIndustrialRevolutionintheUnitedKingdomstartedfromtheironindustry.（）答案：錯誤。英國工業(yè)革命始于紡織業(yè)。7.TheBritishParliamentconsistsoftheHouseofCommonsandtheHouseofLords.（）答案：正確8.TheUnitedStateshasatwo-partysystemdominatedbytheDemocraticPartyandtheRepublicanParty.（）答案：正確9.ThecapitalcityofScotlandisGlasgow.（）答案：錯誤。蘇格蘭首府是愛丁堡。10.TheBillofRightsintheUnitedStateswasaddedtotheConstitutionin1791.（）答案：正確四、簡答題1.BrieflyintroducethegeographicallocationoftheUnitedStates.TheUnitedStatesislocatedinthecentralpartofNorthAmerica,borderedbyCanadatothenorthandMexicotothesouth.Ithasavastterritory,stretchingfromtheAtlanticOceanintheeasttothePacificOceaninthewest.Alaska,inthenorthwest,isseparatedfromthemainland,andHawaiiisanislandstateinthecentralPacificOcean.ThisgeographicallocationgivestheUSrichnaturalresourcesandimportantstrategicsignificanceininternationaltradeandpolitics.2.WhatarethemaincharacteristicsoftheBritisheducationsystem?TheBritisheducationsystemishighlyregardedglobally.Ithasalonghistoryandstrictacademicstandards.Itoffersawiderangeofcoursesfromprimarytohighereducation.Primaryeducationfocusesonbasicskills.Secondaryeducationisdiversewithdifferentpathways.Highereducationincludesworld-renowneduniversitieslikeOxfordandCambridge,whichemphasizeresearchandacademicexcellence.Thereisalsoastrongvocationaleducationsystemtomeettheneedsofdifferentindustries.3.ExplainthesignificanceoftheMagnaCartainBritishhistory.TheMagnaCarta,signedin1215,isofgreatsignificance.Itlimitedthepowerofthekingforthefirsttime,establishingtheprinciplethatthekingwassubjecttothelaw.Itsafeguardedtherightsandfreedomsofthebaronsandthechurch.ThisdocumentlaidthefoundationforthedevelopmentoftheruleoflawinBritain.Italsoinfluencedthedevelopmentofconstitutionalsystemsinothercountries,beingseenasanimportantmilestoneinthehistoryofdemocraticdevelopment.4.DescribethemaineconomicsectorsintheUnitedStates.TheUnitedStateshasadiversifiedeconomy.Theagriculturalsectorishighlyproductive,withlarge-scalecommercialfarmingandadvancedagriculturaltechnology,makingitamajorexporterofagriculturalproducts.Theindustrialsectorisstrong,includinghigh-techindustriessuchasaerospace,informationtechnology,andbiotechnology.Theservicesectorisalsodominant,coveringfinance,tourism,education,andentertainment.Thesesectorsinteractandcontributetotheoveralleconomicgrowthofthecountry.五、討論題1.DiscusstheimpactoftheCivilWarontheUnitedStates.TheCivilWarhadaprofoundimpactontheUnitedStates.Politically,itstrengthenedthefederalgovernment'spowerandensuredtheunityofthenation.Slaverywasabolished,whichwasamajorstepforwardinthestruggleforhumanrights.Economically,thewarspurredindustrialdevelopmentintheNorth,asresourcesweremobilizedforthewareffort.ItalsoledtochangesintheSouth'sagriculturaleconomy.Socially,itchangedtheracialandsocialstructure.Thefreedslavesstartedanewlife,althoughtheystillfacedmanychallenges.Culturally,thewarbecameanimportantthemeinAmericanliteratureandhistory,shapingthenation'sself-perception.2.AnalyzetheroleoftheBritishmonarchyinmodernBritishsociety.InmodernBritishsociety,theBritishmonarchystillplaysseveralimportantroles.Symbolically,themonarchrepresentstheunityandcontinuityofthenation.Theroyalfamilyisasourceofnationalprideandidentity.Culturally,royaleventsattractnationalandinternationalattention,promotingBritishculture.Politically,whilethemonarch'spowerismainlyceremonial,theycanstillprovideastabilizinginfluence.Themonarchyalsohasaroleindiplomacy,asroyalvisitscanenhanceinternationalrelations.Moreover,theroyalfamily'scharityworkcontributestosocialwelfare.3.ComparethepoliticalsystemsoftheUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdom.TheUShasafederalpresidentialsystem.Thepowerisdividedamongthefederalgovernment,states,andlocalgovernments.Thepresidentistheheadofstateandgovernment,electeddirectlybythepeople.Thereisasystemofchecksandbalancesamongthelegislative,executive,andjudicialbranches.Incontrast,theUKhasaparliamentaryconstitutionalmonarchy.Themonarchistheheadofstate,buttherealpowerlieswiththeelectedParliament.Theprimemin