譯林版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit8Safeandsound語(yǔ)法梳理+考點(diǎn)精煉一、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：由“was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。其中，第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)I和第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)he/she/it以及單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，用was；其他人稱(chēng)及復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，用were。基本用法：表示過(guò)去某一具體時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與atthattime,atthatmoment,atthistimeyesterday,atnineyesterday等表示過(guò)去的具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)的狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：Iwasdoingmyhomeworkateightlastnight.（昨晚八點(diǎn)我正在做作業(yè)。）表示過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與thosedays,thatweek,lastwinter等表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：Theywereplantingtreesthosedays.（那些天他們一直在植樹(shù)。）用于敘述事情的語(yǔ)境中，描述背景動(dòng)作。例如：Marywasdancing.Butwhenshesawme,shestopped.（瑪麗正在跳舞，但是當(dāng)她看到我時(shí)，她停了下來(lái)。）與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或時(shí)間段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或持續(xù)的動(dòng)作；一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，且往往已經(jīng)完成。例如：Hewasplayingbasketballatthreeyesterdayafternoon.（強(qiáng)調(diào)昨天下午三點(diǎn)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）；Heplayedbasketballyesterdayafternoon.（強(qiáng)調(diào)昨天下午做過(guò)打籃球這個(gè)動(dòng)作，已完成）與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用：when引導(dǎo)的從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是短暫性動(dòng)詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，且從句動(dòng)作是短暫性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；當(dāng)從句動(dòng)作是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主從句可以都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，也可以主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Imetanoldfriend.（從句動(dòng)作延續(xù)，主句動(dòng)作短暫）；Whentheteachercamein,weweretalking.（從句動(dòng)作短暫，主句動(dòng)作延續(xù)）while引導(dǎo)的從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，主從句常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：WhileIwasreading,mymotherwaswashingclothes.（我讀書(shū)時(shí)，媽媽在洗衣服）as引導(dǎo)的從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，可譯為“一邊……一邊……”或“隨著”。例如：AsIwaswalking,Iwassinging.（我一邊走一邊唱）；Astimegoesby,wearegettingolder.（隨著時(shí)間的流逝，我們逐漸變老）復(fù)合名詞構(gòu)成方式：名詞+名詞：如thunderstorm（雷暴），其中thunder（雷）是名詞，storm（暴風(fēng)雨）是名詞；teamwork（團(tuán)隊(duì)合作），team（團(tuán)隊(duì)）是名詞，work（工作）是名詞。名詞+動(dòng)詞：如earthquake（地震），earth（地球）是名詞，quake（震動(dòng)）是動(dòng)詞；rainfall（降雨），rain（雨）是名詞，fall（落下）是動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞+名詞：如passport（護(hù)照），pass（通過(guò)）是動(dòng)詞，port（港口）是名詞；playground（操場(chǎng)），play（玩耍）是動(dòng)詞，ground（地面）是名詞。形容詞+名詞：如whiteboard（白板），white（白色的）是形容詞，board（板）是名詞；software（軟件），soft（軟的）是形容詞，ware（器具，制品）是名詞。二、專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練。（一）單項(xiàng)選擇（每題1分，共15分）—What______you______at9:00lastnight?—IwaswatchingTV.A.did;do B.were;doing C.are;doing D.do;doWhilemymother______dinner,myfatherwascleaningthecar.A.cooked B.wascooking C.cooks D.iscookingThestudents______anEnglishclasswhentheteachercamein.A.had B.have C.werehaving D.arehavingIwaswalkinginthepark______Iheardsomeonecryingforhelp.A.while B.as C.when D.sinceHe______hishomeworkatthistimeyesterday,butI'mnotsure.A.mightbedoing B.mustdo C.coulddo D.shoulddoWhentheearthquakehappened,people______inalldirections.A.run B.ran C.arerunning D.wererunningAswe______alongtheroad,wesangsongshappily.A.drive B.drove C.weredriving D.aredrivingWhilethechildren______games,theirparentswerewatchingTV.A.played B.play C.wereplaying D.areplayingThelittlegirlwasreadingabook______thedoorbellrang.A.when B.while C.as D.sinceTheworkers______thefallentreesfromtheroadallmorningyesterday.A.cleared B.areclearing C.wereclearing D.willclear“Thunderstorm”isapoundword.Itismadeupof“thunder”and“______”.A.snow B.rain C.storm D.windWhichofthefollowingisapoundwordformedby“verb+noun”?A.earthquake B.playground C.software D.thunderstormWhenthefirebrokeout,thefiremen______tothesceneimmediately.A.rushed B.wererushing C.rush D.arerushingTheboywasdoinghishomework______hismotherwascookinginthekitchen.A.assoonas B.until C.while D.sinceI______mybikewhenitsuddenlybegantorainheavily.A.rode B.wasriding C.ride D.amriding（二）用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（每題2分，共20分）I______(read)anovelat7:00yesterdayevening.They______(play)footballontheplaygroundatthattimelastSunday.WhenIgothome,mymother______(cook)dinner.Whiletheteacher______(explain)theproblem,somestudentsweretalking.Thechildren______(watch)TVwhentheirparentscameback.He______(write)alettertohisfriendwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.Asthesun______(rise),thebirdsweresinging.I______(notsleep)welllastnightbecausetherewasalotofnoiseoutside.What______you______(do)atthistimelastweek?Theworkers______(build)thebridgefortwomonthslastyear.（三）句型轉(zhuǎn)換（每題2分，共10分）Hewasdoinghishomeworkateightlastnight.（改為否定句）He____________hishomeworkateightlastnight.Theywereplayingbasketballontheplaygroundatthattime.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作否定回答）—______they______basketballontheplaygroundatthattime?—No,____________.Shewasreadingabookwhenthephonerang.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）______wasshe______whenthephonerang?WhileIwaswalkinginthepark,Imetanoldfriend.（改為同義句）Iwaswalkinginthepark______Imetanoldfriend.ThestudentswerehavingaPEclassatthistimeyesterday.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）______werethestudents______atthistimeyesterday?（四）根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子（每題3分，共15分）當(dāng)暴風(fēng)雨來(lái)臨時(shí)，人們正在四處奔跑。People____________inalldirectionswhenthethunderstormcame.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候，她正在彈鋼琴。She____________thepianoatthistimeyesterday.我爸爸在看電視的時(shí)候，我媽媽在洗衣服。Whilemyfather____________TV,mymotherwaswashingclothes.“passport”是一個(gè)復(fù)合詞，它由“pass”和“port”組成。“Passport”isa______word.Itismadeupof“pass”and“port”.當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，我們正在討論那個(gè)問(wèn)題。We____________theproblemwhentheteachercamein.（五）閱讀理解（每題2分，共10分）p.m.night,abigfirehappenedinatallbuilding.At11:00p.m.,mostpeopleinthebuildingweresleeping.Whenthefirestarted,somepeoplewerewatchingTV,somewerechattingonline,andafewwerestillworking.Thefirespreadquickly.Peopleranoutoftheirapartmentsinahurry.Somewereshoutingforhelp,somewerecallingthefiremen,andothersweretryingtoputoutthefirethemselves.Thefiremenarrivedquickly.Whiletheywereputtingoutthefire,theywerealsohelpingpeoplegetoutofthebuildingsafely.Itwasadifficultjobbecausethefirewasverystrong.Butfinally,theymanagedtoputoutthefireandsavemostofthepeople.Whatwasthetimewhenthefirehappened?p.m.t10:00p.m.p.m.t11:00p.m.p.m.t12:00p.m.a.m.t1:00a.m.Whatweresomepeopledoingwhenthefirestarted?A.Theyweresleeping.B.Theywereeating.C.SomewerewatchingTV.D.Somewerecooking.Whatwerethefiremendoingwhiletheywereputtingoutthefire?A.Theywerecallingformorehelp.B.Theywererunningaway.C.Theywerehelpingpeoplegetoutofthebuildingsafely.D.Theywerewaitingforthefiretodiedown.Whywasitadifficultjobforthefiremen?A.Becausethereweretoomanypeople.B.Becausethebuildingwastoota