江西2025自考[教育學]英語（二）高頻題(考點)一、選擇題（每題1分，共20分）說明：每題有四個選項，請選擇一個最佳答案。1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofeducationalassessment?A.TopunishstudentsB.ToevaluateteachingeffectivenessC.ToimproveteachingmethodsD.Torankstudents2.Whichtheoryemphasizesthatlearningoccursthroughobservationandimitation?A.BehaviorismB.ConstructivismC.CognitivismD.Humanism3.Theterm"pedagogy"refersto:A.TheartandscienceofteachingB.ThestudyofchilddevelopmentC.ThepsychologicalbasisoflearningD.Theassessmentofeducationaloutcomes4.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofeffectiveclassroommanagement?A.StrictdisciplinewithoutflexibilityB.HighteachercontrolandlowstudentautonomyC.ClearrulesandpositivereinforcementD.Minimalteacherintervention5.The"hiddencurriculum"ineducationrefersto:A.TheformalsubjectstaughtinschoolsB.TheimplicitvaluesandnormstransmittedinschoolsC.ThecurriculumdesignedbytheMinistryofEducationD.Theextra-curricularactivitiesofferedbyschools6.Whicheducationalapproachfocusesonexperientiallearningandproblem-solving?A.Traditionallecture-basedteachingB.MontessorimethodC.DirectinstructionD.Constructivistlearning7.Theroleofassessmentineducationisprimarilyto:A.Determinestudents'IQlevelsB.MotivatestudentstostudyharderC.ProvidefeedbackforimprovementD.Comparestudentswitheachother8.Whichtheorysuggeststhatlearningisasocialprocessinfluencedbyculturalandcommunityinteractions?A.LevVygotsky'ssocioculturaltheoryB.JeanPiaget'scognitivedevelopmenttheoryC.B.F.Skinner'sbehaviorismD.JohnDewey'sprogressiveeducation9.Theterm"criticalpedagogy"refersto:A.TeachingstudentstoquestionauthorityB.FocusingonmemorizationandrotelearningC.IgnoringsocialissuesineducationD.Promotingstandardizedtesting10.Whichofthefollowingisakeycomponentofinclusiveeducation?A.SegregatingstudentsbasedonabilityB.ProvidingspecialeducationonlyfordisabledstudentsC.CreatinglearningenvironmentsthataccommodatediverseneedsD.Limitinginteractionbetweenstudentswithdifferentabilities11.The"backwasheffect"inlanguageteachingrefersto:A.ThepositiveimpactoftestsonlearningB.ThenegativeimpactoftestsonteachingandlearningC.TheinfluenceofteachingmethodsontestperformanceD.Theculturalinfluenceonlanguageassessment12.Whichofthefollowingisacommoncharacteristicofacommunicativelanguageteachingapproach?A.FocusingongrammaticalaccuracyB.EmphasizinglanguagefunctionsandmeaningC.UsingdrillsandrepetitionextensivelyD.Prioritizingtextbook-basedinstruction13.Theterm"authenticassessment"ineducationrefersto:A.Testswithmultiple-choicequestionsB.Assessmentsthatmeasurereal-worldskillsC.High-stakesstandardizedexamsD.Gradedhomeworkassignments14.Whichofthefollowingisaprimarygoalofhighereducation?A.TopreparestudentsforemploymentB.ToprovidevocationaltrainingC.TopromotesocialmobilityD.Toensurestudentspassexams15.Theconceptof"andragogy"refersto:A.TeachingchildreninprimaryschoolB.TeachingadultsinhighereducationC.ThephilosophyofeducationD.Thepsychologyoflearning16.Whicheducationalprincipleemphasizestheimportanceofplayinearlychildhooddevelopment?A.FormaleducationonlyB.Play-basedlearningC.Technology-driveneducationD.Competency-basedassessment17.Theterm"curriculumintegration"refersto:A.TeachingsubjectsseparatelywithoutconnectionB.CombiningdifferentsubjectsintoacohesivelearningexperienceC.FocusingonlyoncoresubjectsD.Eliminatingelectivesfromthecurriculum18.Whichofthefollowingisakeybenefitofcooperativelearning?A.ReducesstudentengagementB.PromotescompetitionamongstudentsC.EnhancessocialskillsandcollaborationD.Increasesindividualperformanceattheexpenseofgroupsuccess19.The"masterylearning"approachineducationemphasizes:A.GradingstudentsbasedoneffortB.ContinuousfeedbackandrevisionuntilmasteryC.EliminatinghomeworkassignmentsD.Focusingonlyonhigh-achievingstudents20.Whichofthefollowingisacommonchallengeindistanceeducation?A.LimitedinteractionwithpeersB.PerfectattendancerecordsC.ImmediateaccesstoteachersD.Noneedforself-discipline二、填空題（每題1分，共10分）說明：請根據(jù)上下文填寫合適的單詞。1.Theprocessofguidinganddirectingstudents'learningiscalled_________.2.Thetheorythatemphasizeslearningthroughexperienceandreflectionisknownas_________.3.Inclusiveeducationaimstoprovideequalopportunitiesforallstudents,regardlessoftheir_________.4.Theterm"scaffolding"ineducationreferstothetemporarysupportprovidedtolearnerstohelpthemachievehigher-leveltasks.5.The"hiddencurriculum"oftenreflectsthe_________valuesofsociety.6.Authenticassessmentfocusesonmeasuringstudents'_________inreal-worldcontexts.7.Theroleofassessmentineducationisnotonlytoevaluatebutalsoto_________students'learning.8.Theconceptof"andragogy"wasfirstintroducedbyMalcolmKnowles,emphasizingthe_________natureofadultlearners.9.Cooperativelearningencouragesstudentstoworktogetherto_________commongoals.10.The"backwasheffect"ofhigh-stakestestscan_________teachingpracticesbyfocusingontest-relatedcontent.三、判斷題（每題1分，共10分）說明：請判斷下列說法是否正確，正確的打“√”，錯誤的打“×”。1.Educationalassessmentshouldprimarilyfocusonrankingstudents.2.Behaviorismsuggeststhatlearningoccursthroughreinforcementandpunishment.3.TheMontessorimethodemphasizesstructured,teacher-ledactivities.4.Inclusiveeducationrequiresspecialschoolsfordisabledstudents.5.Authenticassessmentissimilartotraditionalstandardizedtests.6.Cooperativelearningreducesindividualaccountabilityintheclassroom.7.Masterylearningassumesthatallstudentscanachievemasterywithpropersupport.8.The"hiddencurriculum"hasnoimpactonstudents'valuesandbehaviors.9.Andragogyandpedagogyrefertothesameeducationalprinciples.10.Distanceeducationeliminatestheneedforstudentself-discipline.四、簡答題（每題5分，共20分）說明：請簡要回答下列問題。1.Whatarethekeydifferencesbetweenformativeandsummativeassessment?2.HowdoesVygotsky'ssocioculturaltheoryinfluencemoderneducationalpractices?3.Whatarethemaincharacteristicsofinclusiveeducation?4.Howcantechnologybeeffectivelyintegratedintolanguageteachingtoenhancelearning?五、論述題（每題10分，共20分）說明：請詳細論述下列問題。1.Discusstheroleofassessmentinimprovingteachingandlearninginhighereducation.2.Explaintheimportanceofcriticalpedagogyinpromotingsocialjusticeineducation.答案與解析一、選擇題答案1.B2.A3.A4.C5.B6.B7.C8.A9.A10.C11.B12.B13.B14.A15.B16.B17.B18.C19.B20.A解析：1.Educationalassessmentisprimarilyusedtoevaluateteachingeffectivenessbyprovidingfeedbacktoeducators.8.Vygotsky'ssocioculturaltheoryemphasizesthatlearningisasocialprocessinfluencedbyculturalandcommunityinteractions.15.Andragogyreferstotheteachingofadults,focusingontheirself-directedandproblem-centeredlearningneeds.二、填空題答案1.guidance2.experientiallearning3.abilitiesordisabilities4.scaffolding5.cultural6.competencies7.enhance8.self-directed9.achieve10.influence三、判斷題答案1.×2.√3.×4.×5.×6.×7.√8.×9.×10.×解析：4.Inclusiveeducationaimstointegrateallstudentsintoregularclassrooms,notsegregatethem.8.Thehiddencurriculumsubtlyshapesstudents'valuesandbehaviorsthroughsocialnormsandexpectations.9.Pedagogyfocusesonchildren,whileandragogyfocusesonadults.四、簡答題答案1.Formativevs.SummativeAssessment:-Formativeassessmentprovidesongoingfeedbackduringinstructiontoguidelearning(e.g.,quizzes,classdiscussions).-Summativeassessmentevaluateslearningattheendofaninstructionalunit(e.g.,finalexams).-Formativeassessmentisprocess-oriented,whilesummativeisproduct-oriented.2.Vygotsky'sInfluenceonModernEducation:-Histheoryemphasizestheroleofsocialinteractionincognitivedevelopment.-Moderneducatorsuse"scaffolding"tosupportlearners.-CollaborativelearningandpeerteachingstemfromVygotsky'sideas.3.CharacteristicsofInclusiveEducation:-Universaldesignforlearning(UDL).-Diverseteachingstrategiestomeetvariedneeds.-Collaborationamongteachers,students,andfamilies.-Emphasisonsocial-emotionallearning.4.TechnologyinLangu