黑龍江2025自考[計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)與技術(shù)]英語(yǔ)（二）模擬題及答案一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（共20題，每題1分，計(jì)20分）說(shuō)明：每題只有一個(gè)最佳答案。1.TherapiddevelopmentofbigdatatechnologyhassignificantlyenhancedtheefficiencyofurbanmanagementinHeilongjiang.Whatisthebestwordtofilltheblank?A.increasedB.improvedC.complicatedD.standardized2.Inthecontextofartificialintelligence,whichofthefollowingtermsreferstotheabilityofmachinestolearnfromexperiencewithoutbeingexplicitlyprogrammed?A.MachinelearningB.DeeplearningC.NeuralnetworkD.Algorithm3.AsoftwareengineerinJilinProvinceneedstooptimizeadatabasequery.WhichSQLkeywordisusedtosortresultsinascendingorder?A.ASCB.DESCC.ORDERBYD.GROUPBY4.TheDaqingOilfield,oneofChina'slargest,reliesheavilyonautomationtoimproveproductionefficiency.Whatisthecorrecttermforthistechnology?A.RoboticsB.CybersecurityC.BigdataD.Cloudcomputing5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacommonmethodfordataencryption?A.AESB.RSAC.UnicodeD.HMAC6.WhendevelopingawebapplicationforaHarbin-basede-commercecompany,whichprotocolensuressecuredatatransmission?A.HTTPB.FTPC.HTTPSD.SMTP7.TheHeilongjiangUniversityofScienceandTechnologyoftenusesvirtualizationtomanageitsITinfrastructure.Whatisthistechnologycalled?A.CloudcomputingB.ContainerizationC.ParallelprocessingD.Distributedcomputing8.WhichprogramminglanguageiswidelyusedforgamedevelopmentinChina?A.PythonB.JavaC.C++D.PHP9.Theterm"API"insoftwareengineeringstandsfor:A.ApplicationProgrammingInterfaceB.AdvancedProgrammingInterfaceC.ArtificialProgrammingIntegrationD.AutomaticProgrammingInterface10.AnetworkadministratorinSiberianeedstoensuredataredundancy.Whichtechniqueismostsuitable?A.RAIDB.VLANC.VPND.NAT11.TheBeijing-Tianjin-Heilongjiangeconomiczoneheavilyrelieson5Gtechnology.Whatisitsprimaryadvantage?A.HigherspeedB.LowerlatencyC.BettercoverageD.Cheapercost12.WhichofthefollowingisakeyconsiderationwhendesigningadatabaseforaNortheasternagriculturalenterprise?A.ScalabilityB.ComplexityC.Cost-effectivenessD.Aestheticdesign13.TheChinaAcademyofSciencesinJilinfocusesonresearchinsupercomputing.Whichhardwarecomponentiscriticalforthis?A.GPUB.CPUC.RAMD.SSD14.AcybersecurityexpertinDalianisworkingonasystemtodetectintrusions.Whatisthisprocesscalled?A.PenetrationtestingB.VulnerabilityscanningC.FirewallconfigurationD.Dataencryption15.TheHarbinIceandSnowWorldusesIoTsensorstomonitorenvironmentalconditions.WhatdoesIoTstandfor?A.InternetofThingsB.InformationofTechnologyC.IntelligentOperatingTechnologyD.InterconnectedThings16.Whichofthefollowingisadisadvantageofusingblockchaintechnology?A.DecentralizationB.TransparencyC.HighenergyconsumptionD.Security17.InPython,whichkeywordisusedtodefineafunction?A.defB.functionC.funcD.define18.TheShengliOilfieldinDaqingusesmachinelearningtopredictequipmentfailures.Whatisthisapplicationcalled?A.PredictivemaintenanceB.Real-timemonitoringC.DatavisualizationD.Systemoptimization19.AsoftwaredeveloperinQiqiharneedstocreateauser-friendlyinterface.Whichdesignprincipleshouldtheyfollow?A.MinimalismB.ComplexityC.ClutterD.Over-engineering20.TheHeilongjiangInstituteofComputingTechnologyconductsresearchonedgecomputing.Whatisitsmainpurpose?A.Toprocessdatainreal-timeB.TostorelargedatasetsC.ToimprovenetworkspeedD.Toreducelatency二、閱讀理解（共5題，每題2分，計(jì)10分）說(shuō)明：請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。Passage1ThedevelopmentofsmartcitiesinHeilongjiangProvincehasbeenacceleratinginrecentyears.TechnologiessuchasIoT,bigdata,andartificialintelligencearebeingintegratedtoimproveurbanservices.Forinstance,thecityofHarbinhasdeployedsmarttrafficsystemsthatusereal-timedatatooptimizetrafficflow.Additionally,wastemanagementinDaqinghasbeenenhancedthroughAI-drivensortingfacilities.However,challengessuchashighinfrastructurecostsanddataprivacyconcernsremain.1.WhatistheprimaryfocusofsmartcitydevelopmentinHeilongjiang?A.EconomicgrowthB.EnvironmentalprotectionC.TechnologicalinnovationD.Urbaninfrastructure2.WhichcityinHeilongjiangismentionedasimplementingsmarttrafficsystems?A.QiqiharB.DalianC.HarbinD.Daqing3.Whatproblempersistsdespitetechnologicaladvancementsinsmartcities?A.LowadoptionratesB.HighinfrastructurecostsC.LimiteddataavailabilityD.PoorpublicresponsePassage2TheChinaAcademyofSciencesinJilinhasbeenleadingresearchinquantumcomputing,whichpromisestorevolutionizedataprocessing.Unlikeclassicalcomputers,quantumcomputersusequantumbits(qubits)thatcanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously,enablingfastercomputations.However,currentquantumsystemsarepronetoerrorsandrequireextremecoolingconditions.Researchersareworkingonstabilizingqubitstomakequantumcomputingmorepractical.4.Whatmakesquantumcomputingdifferentfromclassicalcomputing?A.SpeedB.ComplexityC.EnergyefficiencyD.Cost5.Whatisamajorchallengeinquantumcomputingresearch?A.LackoffundingB.TechnicalinstabilityC.LimitedapplicationsD.Publicskepticism三、完形填空（共10題，每題1分，計(jì)10分）說(shuō)明：請(qǐng)根據(jù)上下文選擇最佳答案。Therapidadvancementof5GtechnologyhastransformedindustriesacrossChina,includingHeilongjiangProvince.Companiesinsectorslikemanufacturing,healthcare,andagricultureareleveraging5Gtoenhanceproductivity.Forexample,theJilinIronandSteelPlanthasimplemented5G-enabledrobotsforautomatedproductionlines.Similarly,hospitalsinHarbinuse5Gforremotesurgery,enablingexpertstooperateonpatientsfromdistantlocations.Despitethesebenefits,thewidespreadadoptionof5Gfaceschallengessuchashighinfrastructurecostsandspectrumallocationissues.6.Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?A.Thelimitationsof5GtechnologyB.Theimpactof5GonindustriesC.Thecostof5GdeploymentD.Theresistanceto5Gadoption7.WhichcompanyinJilinisusing5Gforautomation?A.HeilongjiangUniversityB.JilinIronandSteelPlantC.HarbinMedicalUniversityD.DaqingOilfield8.Whatmedicalapplicationof5Gismentioned?A.DrugdevelopmentB.RemotesurgeryC.GenetictestingD.MRIimaging9.Whatchallengesarementionedregarding5Gadoption?A.TechnicaldifficultiesB.RegulatoryhurdlesC.PublicoppositionD.AandB10.WhichcityinHeilongjiangishighlightedforits5Gimplementation?A.QiqiharB.DalianC.HarbinD.Daqing四、翻譯題（共2題，每題5分，計(jì)10分）說(shuō)明：請(qǐng)將英文句子翻譯成中文。1.Artificialintelligence(AI)isincreasinglybeingintegratedintovariousindustriestooptimizeprocessesandenhancedecision-making.2.ThedevelopmentofsmartagricultureinHeilongjiangreliesheavilyonIoTtechnologiessuchassensornetworksanddataanalytics.五、簡(jiǎn)答題（共2題，每題5分，計(jì)10分）說(shuō)明：請(qǐng)簡(jiǎn)要回答問(wèn)題。1.WhatarethekeydifferencesbetweenSQLandNoSQLdatabases?2.Howdoescloudcomputingbenefitsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises(SMEs)inChina?答案及解析一、單項(xiàng)選擇題答案1.B2.A3.C4.A5.C6.C7.A8.C9.A10.A11.A12.A13.A14.B15.A16.C17.A18.A19.A