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第6講

詞形轉換

/高考鏈接考點解讀實戰(zhàn)演練答案速查【聽】單句填空1.[2024·北京卷]

Taking

the

time

to

rest

allows

us

to

develop

a

deeper

sense

of

______________(self-aware).self-awareness[解析]

考查形容詞向名詞轉化。作介詞of的賓語，應用名詞self-awareness。a

sense

of

self-awareness表示“自我意識”。故填self-awareness。2.［2024·新課標Ⅱ卷］Those

cultural

elements

have

increased

Stratford's

international

________(visible),

said

Edmondson,

adding

that

visitors

walking

through

the

Birthplace

Garden

were

often

amazed

to

find

the

connection

between

the

two

great

writers.visibility[解析]

考查形容詞向名詞轉化。形容詞international后接名詞形式，visibility“知名度，關注程度”為不可數名詞，作賓語。故填visibility。3.[2023·全國甲卷]

However,

Carson's

theme

is

a

more

weighty

_________(warn)

about

environmental

destruction.warning[解析]

考查動詞向名詞轉化。根據前文的a和形容詞weighty可知用單數名詞warning。故填warning。4.[2023·新高考全國Ⅱ卷]

Since

June

2017,

right

before

the

_______(arrive)

of

the

two

new

pandas,

Meng

Meng

and

Jiao

Qing,

I

have

been

helping

the

panda

keepers

at

the

zoo…arrival[解析]

考查動詞向名詞轉化。作介詞before的賓語,應用名詞形式。故填arrival。5.[2022·全國甲卷]

Cao

and

Wu

also

collected

garbage

along

the

road,

in

order

to

promote

environmental

___________(protect).protection[解析]

考查動詞向名詞轉化。根據句意和空前的形容詞environmental可知,此處用名詞protection,作賓語。故填protection。規(guī)則1

動詞轉化名詞的后綴后綴例詞-ion/-tion/-sion/-ationcorrect→correction改正celebrate→celebration慶祝;慶?；顒觓ttract→attraction吸引conclude→conclusion結論;結束后綴例詞-ion/-tion/-sion/-ationdiscuss→discussion討論;論述decide→decision決定admit→admission承認;準許加入invite→invitation邀請explain→explanation解釋graduate→graduation畢業(yè)expect→expectation期望續(xù)表后綴例詞-er/-ordrive→driver司機,駕駛員gather→gatherer收集者,采集者teach→teacher老師announce→announcer廣播員conduct→conductor指揮;售票員續(xù)表后綴例詞-mentpunish→punishment懲罰achieve→achievement功績;成就argue→argument辯論;論據treat→treatment對待;治療equip→equipment裝備;設備govern→government政府續(xù)表后綴例詞-ance/-enceappear→appearance出現;外貌guide→guidance指引;指導perform→performance表演;表現exist→existence存在;生活prefer→preference偏愛refer→reference參考,查閱續(xù)表后綴例詞-ure/-turefail→failure失敗;倒閉press→pressure壓力depart→departure離開;出發(fā)mix→mixture混合;混合物-inghear→hearing聽力,聽覺begin→beginning開始續(xù)表后綴例詞-yrecover→recovery恢復,痊愈discover→discovery發(fā)現其他choose→choice選擇vary→variety多樣化;種類tend→tendency趨向,趨勢續(xù)表規(guī)則2

形容詞轉化名詞的后綴后綴例詞-ageshort→shortage不足,短缺-cyefficient→efficiency效率;功效fluent→fluency流利,流暢accurate→accuracy準確性private→privacy隱私,私密后綴例詞-domfree→freedom自由wise→wisdom明智;智慧-encedifferent→difference差異silent→silence沉默-nessweak→weakness虛弱;弱點kind→kindness仁慈;友好careless→carelessness粗心大意續(xù)表后綴例詞-thstrong→strength力氣;優(yōu)勢warm→warmth溫暖;熱情-y/-ty/-ityhonest→honesty誠實difficult→difficulty困難safe→safety安全disable→disability缺陷;傷殘responsible→responsibility責任續(xù)表規(guī)則3

名詞、動詞轉化形容詞的后綴后綴例詞-ableaccept→acceptable可接受的comfort→comfortable舒適的fashion→fashionable時髦的suit→suitable合適的reason→reasonable合理的后綴例詞-almusic→musical音樂的origin→original最初的centre→central中央的,中心的person→personal個人的,私人的nature→natural自然的;天生的續(xù)表后綴例詞-fuldoubt→doubtful懷疑的forget→forgetful健忘的harm→harmful有害的hope→hopeful有希望的peace→peaceful和平的-edscare→scared感到恐懼的confuse→confused感到困惑的interest→interested感興趣的續(xù)表后綴例詞-ingsurprise→surprising令人吃驚的convince→convincing令人信服的satisfy→satisfying令人滿意的-ibleaccess→accessible可接近的horror→horrible可惡的,恐怖的terror→terrible可怕的續(xù)表后綴例詞-iveact→active積極的;活躍的effect→effective有效的;生效的attract→attractive有吸引力的impress→impressive給人深刻印象的-ouscontinue→continuous不斷的,持續(xù)的anxiety→anxious憂慮的caution→cautious小心的,謹慎的curiosity→curious好奇的humour→humorous幽默的續(xù)表后綴例詞-sometire→tiresome令人厭倦的trouble→troublesome麻煩的-ytaste→tasty美味的,可口的health→healthy健康的wealth→wealthy富裕的,富有的-erneast→eastern東方的,向東的-ishchild→childish孩子氣的fool→foolish愚蠢的self→selfish自私的續(xù)表［溫馨提示］

-ed形容詞多表示主語所處的狀態(tài),意為“感到……的”;-ing形容詞多表示主語所具有的特征,意為“令人……的”。規(guī)則4

形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則類別例詞直接加-lyclear→clearly清楚地great→greatly很,大大地以輔音字母+y結尾的形容詞,變y為i再加-ly(shy例外shyly)happy→happily高興地heavy→heavily沉重地類別例詞詞尾為ble/le的形容詞,去掉e,再加-y(whole例外wholly)terrible→terribly非常,極度地gentle→gently輕柔地詞尾為ue的形容詞,去掉e,再加-lytrue→truly真實地詞尾為ll的形容詞,直接加-yfull→fully充分地;完全地dull→dully遲鈍地詞尾為ic的形容詞,加-ally(public例外publicly)basic→basically主要地,基本上scientific→scientifically合乎科學地續(xù)表Ⅰ

單句填空1.This

development

was

only

possible

with

the

____________

(introduce)

of

electric-powered

engines

and

lifts.introduction[解析]

考查詞形轉換?？崭袂坝卸ü谠~the,后有介詞of,故此處用introduce的名詞形式introduction,表示“引進,采用”。故填introduction。2.There

were

many

people

waiting

at

the

bus

stop,

and

some

of

them

looked

very

anxious

and

_____________(disappoint).disappointed[解析]

考查詞形轉換。and連接并列成分,空格處和前面的anxious并列,表示人的內心活動,應使用-ed形式的形容詞,此處表示“他們中的有些人看起來非常焦慮和失望”。故填disappointed。3._________(recent),

caffeine

has

found

its

way

into

orange,

apple,

and

other

flavoured

drinks.Recently[解析]

考查詞形轉換?？崭裉幮揎椪麄€句子,作狀語,故填Recently。4.If

you

are

invited

to

any

special

occasion

such

as

a

wedding

or

a___________(celebrate),

you

will

have

to

be

appropriately

dressed.celebration[解析]

考查詞形轉換。分析句子結構可知,空格處與a

wedding

并列,故此處應填名詞celebration。5.It's

illegal

to

read

other

people's

private

letters

without

___________(permit).permission[解析]

考查詞形轉換。分析句子結構可知,此處用名詞permission作賓語,且不可數。故填permission。6.Medicine

and

___________(danger)

goods

should

not

be

kept

where

they

are

accessible

to

children.dangerous[解析]

考查詞形轉換。修飾名詞goods,要用形容詞dangerous作定語,表示“危險的”。

故填dangerous。7.Teachers

must

try

their

best

to

make

their

students

__________(interest)

in

the

subject.interested[解析]

考查詞形轉換。空格處在句中作賓語their

students的補語,故用形容詞interested,表示“感興趣的”。故填interested。8.When

China's

ancient

scientific

and

technological

____________(achieve)

are

mentioned,

the

nation

will

generally

refer

to

the

Four

Great

Inventions.achievements[解析]

考查詞形轉換?？崭裉幵趶木渲凶髦髡Z,要用名詞形式,根據are可知主語是復數,故填achievements。9.There

is

a

_________(short)

of

well

qualified

teachers

of

foreign

languages,

especially

of

French

and

Japanese.shortage[解析]

考查詞形轉換。空前有冠詞a修飾,空處應該填名詞,且應該是單數名詞,故填shortage。10.Girls

are

luckier

than

boys;

they

have

more

flexible

________(choose)

than

boys.choices[解析]

考查詞形轉換?？崭袂暗膄lexible是形容詞,空格處應填名詞;choice在此處為可數名詞,表示“更多靈活的選擇”,故填choices。Ⅱ

語法填空

[2024·山西臨汾高三適應性訓練]

Shortly

after

the

silk

and

feather

umbrellas

became

popular

in

China,

their

manufacturers

managed

1.____________(discover)

a

new

kind

of

material

from

wood

paper,

enabling

the

2._________(create)

of

highly

stylized,

decorative

and

lightweight

umbrellas.

It

was

believed

that

in

addition

to

providing

protection

from

sun

and

limited

protection

from

rain,

oil-paper

umbrellas

to

discovercreation123456789103._____________(view)

as

symbols

of

wealth

and

power

in

the

past.

During

the

height

of

umbrella

popularity

in

China,

you

could

easily

recognize

the

owners

by

the

designs

and

colours

of

their

umbrellas—royal

family

members

used

yellow

or

red

colours,

4.______

the

wealthy

carried

blue.

Even

in

today's

Chinese

and

Japanese

society,

umbrellas

play

5.____

important

role.

They

are

one

of

the

most

essential

items

6.__________(present)

to

newly-wed

brides,

symbolizing

blessing,

protection

from

evil

spirits

and

wishes

7.____

more

babies.were

viewedwhileanpresentedfor12345678910

There

was

no

denying

that

the

beauty

of

the

Chinese

paper

umbrellas

had

8.______

an

impact

on

worldwide

trends

that

their

9._________(elegant)

crafted

materials

and

their

canopy

designs

showcasing

dragons,

flowers,

and

landscapes

quickly

travelled

via

trade

routes

to

distant

Europe.

Paper

umbrellas

today

represent

one

of

the

best-known

traditional

Chinese

exports,

with

businessmen

selling

them

to

10.___________(passer-by)

on

streets

worldwide.【文章大意】本文是說明文。文章說明了中國油紙傘的歷史、制作材料、設計風格、象征意義以及其在全球的影響。suchelegantlypassers-by123456789101.____________to

discover[解析]

考查非謂語動詞。此處是固定搭配manage

to

do

sth，意為“設法做成某事”。故填to

discover。2._________creation[解析]

考查名詞?？涨笆嵌ü谠~，空處應填名詞作賓語，create的名詞形式是creation。故填creation。123456789103._____________were

viewed[解析]

考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致?？仗帪楸揪渲^語，view和主語oil-paper

umbrellas之間是被動關系，用被動語態(tài)，根據時間狀語in

the

past可知，用一般過去時，主語為復數，be動詞用were。故填were

viewed。123456789104.______while[解析]

考查并列連詞。根據句意和語境可知，此處指“皇室成員使用黃色或紅色的傘，而富裕的人則使用藍色的傘”，這里需要用一個連詞來表示兩者之間的對比關系。在英文中，while是一個常用的表示對比的連詞，用于連接兩個表示對比的句子。故填while。5.____an[解析]