高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省廣州市天河區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題3分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A，B，C，D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASuzanneWoodwasjustsevenyearsoldwhenherparentstoldherthatshewouldbepulledoutofschooltogoonavoyagearoundtheworld.ThefamilyfromtheUKsetoutontheirexploration,whichendeduptakingadecadeinsteadofthepromisedthreeyears.Now55yearsold,SuzannehassharedherstoryinherbookWavewalker.“Myfathersaidwewouldbebackinthreeyears’time,andthatmyfriendsandschoolandeverythingwouldgobacktonormal,”theauthorsaid.“Butinfact,itwasalmost10yearsbeforewecameback,andIspentthattimetrappedonaboat,unabletogotoschoolorhavenormalfriendships.”Despiteherfatherpromisingherthe“tripwouldbesafe”,Suzanneargueditwas“incrediblydangerous”,sharingdetailsofthejourneyfromSouthAfricatoAustraliawheretheboathita“hugestorm”.“Thewavesbecamebiggerandbigger,andfinallyonecrashedoverthebackoftheboat”sherecalled.“Iwasthrown,alittlegirlat7,againsttheceilingoftheboatandagainstthewall.Threedayslater,wefoundalittleislandwhereIhadseveralheadoperationswithoutanaesthetic(麻藥).”Inordertogetthroughher“verystrange”childhood,Suzannewasdeterminedtogetaneducationtoliveanormallife.“Asitbecameclearmyparentshadnointentionsofgoingback,IdecidedIhadtoeducatemyself.”sherecalled.“Itwasmyonlyhopetogetoffthisboat.”At13,SuzanneenrolledinanAustralianschoolremotely.Shebeganstudyinginthesmallboatcabin,whichshefoundchallengingbothpracticallyandacademicallyasshe“hadmissedalotofeducation”.Whenshewas16,herparentsenrolledherinaschoolinNewZealandwhiletheycontinuedsailing.Despitethegapsinhereducation,SuzannegotadmittedtoOxfordUniversityandaftersavingupmoneyshe’dearnedworkingonafarm,Suzanneboughtaone-wayplaneticketbacktotheUK.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutSuzanne’sfather?A.Heknewtheseawell. B.Hemadeanemptypromise.C.Hevaluededucation. D.Heplannedthetripcarefully.2.WhathappenedtoSuzanneonthejourneyfromSouthAfricatoAustralia?A.Shefoughtagainstthestorm. B.Shereceivedtimelytreatment.C.Shebecameseriouslyinjured. D.Shelearnedmoreaboutthesea.3.WhatbestdescribesSuzanneasateenager?A.Courageousandadventurous. B.Independentandhumorous.C.Decisiveandstrong-willed. D.Curiousandintelligent.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述英國(guó)的Suzanne（蘇珊娜）7歲時(shí)隨家人環(huán)球航行，歷時(shí)10年，期間受重傷，后自學(xué)并考入牛津，她在書(shū)中分享了這段經(jīng)歷。【1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“‘Myfathersaidwewouldbebackinthreeyears’time,andthatmyfriendsandschoolandeverythingwouldgobacktonormal,’theauthorsaid.‘Butinfact,itwasalmost10yearsbeforewecameback,andIspentthattimetrappedonaboat,unabletogotoschoolorhavenormalfriendships.’(作者說(shuō)，我父親說(shuō)我們?nèi)旰髸?huì)回來(lái)，我的朋友、學(xué)校和一切都會(huì)恢復(fù)正常。但事實(shí)上，我們回來(lái)已經(jīng)快10年了，那段時(shí)間我被困在船上，無(wú)法上學(xué)或建立正常的友誼。)及第三段“Despiteherfatherpromisingherthe‘tripwouldbesafe’,Suzanneargueditwas‘incrediblydangerous’,sharingdetailsofthejourneyfromSouthAfricatoAustraliawheretheboathita‘hugestorm’.(盡管她的父親向她保證‘這次旅行是安全的’，但蘇珊娜認(rèn)為這是‘極其危險(xiǎn)的’，并分享了從南非到澳大利亞的旅程的細(xì)節(jié)，船在那里遭遇了‘巨大的風(fēng)暴’。)”可知，Suzanne父親的承諾并未兌現(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Iwasthrown,alittlegirlat7,againsttheceilingoftheboatandagainstthewall.Threedayslater,wefoundalittleislandwhereIhadseveralheadoperationswithoutanaesthetic(麻藥).(我是一個(gè)7歲的小女孩，被扔到船的天花板和墻上。三天后，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)小島，我在那里做了幾次沒(méi)有麻醉的頭部手術(shù)。)”可知，Suzanne在途中受了重傷。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Inordertogetthroughher‘verystrange’childhood,Suzannewasdeterminedtogetaneducationtoliveanormallife.‘Asitbecameclearmyparentshadnointentionsofgoingback,IdecidedIhadtoeducatemyself.’sherecalled.‘Itwasmyonlyhopetogetoffthisboat.’(為了度過(guò)她‘非常奇怪’的童年，蘇珊娜決心接受教育，過(guò)上正常的生活。‘很明顯，我的父母不打算回去，我決定必須自學(xué)。’她回憶道?！@是我離開(kāi)這艘船的唯一希望?！?”及第五段“Whenshewas16,herparentsenrolledherinaschoolinNewZealandwhiletheycontinuedsailing.Despitethegapsinhereducation,SuzannegotadmittedtoOxfordUniversityandaftersavingupmoneyshe’dearnedworkingonafarm,Suzanneboughtaone-wayplaneticketbacktotheUK.(當(dāng)她16歲時(shí)，她的父母為她報(bào)名參加了新西蘭的一所學(xué)校，同時(shí)他們繼續(xù)航行。盡管教育水平存在差距，蘇珊娜還是被牛津大學(xué)錄取了，在攢下在農(nóng)場(chǎng)工作掙來(lái)的錢(qián)后，蘇珊娜買(mǎi)了一張回英國(guó)的單程機(jī)票。)”可知，Suzanne她果斷且意志堅(jiān)定。故選C項(xiàng)。BUsingsmartphonestoomuchmightbebadformentalhealth,butanewstudyfoundaneasyfix.ResearchersstudiedwhathappenedwhenpeopleagreedtoblocktheInternetfromtheirsmartphonesforjusttwoweeks.Anditturnsoutthatmostfeltbetterafterthebreak.Theresearchersincluded467volunteers,aged18to74,whoagreedtothemonth-longstudyaimedattestingthetheorythatconstantconnectiontoeverything,allthetime,hasunintendedconsequences.Theresearchersmeasuredthreedifferentresultsofwell-being,moodandattentionatthebeginning,middleandendofthefour-weekstudy.91%ofvolunteersimprovedtheirscoresinatleastoneaspect.Themostsurprisingfindingwasthatfeelinglesssadorworriedwasjustasgoodaswhathappenswhenpeopletakemedicinefordepression(抑郁).“Theresultsweremuchbetterthanwethought,”saidresearcherNoahCastelo.Testsalsoshowedpeoplecouldfocusbetter—almostliketheirbrainsbecame10yearsyounger.AdrianWardexplainedwhythisworks:“Whenpeoplestopstaringatscreens,theynaturallydohealthierthingslikegoingoutside,meetingfriends,ortryingnewhobbies.”P(pán)eoplealsosleptbetterandfeltclosertoothers.Butthestudyalsoshowedhowmuchwerelyonphonestoday.ManypeoplehadtoturntheInternetbackonsometimesforimportantthingslikemapsorworkcalls.“Wecan'tcompletelystopusingphones,”Wardsaid,“buttakingsmartbreakshelps.”Expertssaymorestudieswithbiggergroupsareneeded.Rightnow,itseemspeopleaged40-60benefitthemostfromusingphonesless,butweneedmoreresearchabouthowthisaffectsteenagers.Theresearcherssuggestedsimplewaystocutphoneuse:Startwith30phone-freeminutesdaily,increasinggradually.Pickoneweekly“l(fā)ow-phoneday,”turnoffappnotifications,andfindfunofflineactivitieslikesportsorreading.Thesesmallchangescanbuildhealthierhabitswhilekeepingbasicphonefunctions.4.Whatisthemostsurprisingfindingofthestudy?A.Peoplecouldfocusbetterafterthebreak.B.Volunteersaged40-60benefitedthemost.C.Mostvolunteersfeltbetteraftertheexperiment.D.Mentalhealthimprovedliketakingdepressionmedicine.5.Whydophonebreakshelp,accordingtoWard?A.Peoplewillrelylessonphones.B.Phonebreaksimprovescreenquality.C.Peoplewillfocusmoreontheirwork.D.Phonebreaksencouragehealthieractivities.6.Whatdoresearcherssuggest?A.Reducingscreentimegradually.B.Usingappsonlyforworkpurposes.C.Avoidingphonesformedicaltreatment.D.Stoppingonlineactivitiesimmediately.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.We'dbetterstopusingphones.B.Dangersofsmartphoneaddiction.C.Phonebreaksimprovementalhealth.D.Newdiscoveriesindepressiontreatment.【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，減少使用手機(jī)上網(wǎng)時(shí)間能改善心理健康，并給出相關(guān)建議?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Themostsurprisingfindingwasthatfeelinglesssadorworriedwasjustasgoodaswhathappenswhenpeopletakemedicinefordepression(抑郁).“Theresultsweremuchbetterthanwethought,”saidresearcherNoahCastelo..(最令人驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)是，減少悲傷或擔(dān)憂(yōu)的感覺(jué)與人們服用抗抑郁藥物時(shí)的效果一樣好。研究人員諾亞·卡斯特洛說(shuō)：“結(jié)果比我們想象的要好得多”)”可知，該研究最令人驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)是參與者心理健康狀況的改善程度與服用抗抑郁藥物的效果相當(dāng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“AdrianWardexplainedwhythisworks:“Whenpeoplestopstaringatscreens,theynaturallydohealthierthingslikegoingoutside,meetingfriends,ortryingnewhobbies.”P(pán)eoplealsosleptbetterandfeltclosertoothers.(阿德里安·沃德解釋了其中的原因：“當(dāng)人們不再盯著屏幕時(shí)，他們自然會(huì)做一些更健康的事情，比如出去走走、見(jiàn)見(jiàn)朋友或嘗試新的愛(ài)好”人們的睡眠質(zhì)量也更好了，并且感覺(jué)與他人的關(guān)系更親近了。)”可知，沃德認(rèn)為減少使用手機(jī)能鼓勵(lì)人們進(jìn)行更健康的活動(dòng)，所以對(duì)人有幫助。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Theresearcherssuggestedsimplewaystocutphoneuse:Startwith30phone-freeminutesdaily,increasinggradually.Pickoneweekly“l(fā)ow-phoneday,”turnoffappnotifications,andfindfunofflineactivitieslikesportsorreading.Thesesmallchangescanbuildhealthierhabitswhilekeepingbasicphonefunctions.(研究人員提出了一些減少手機(jī)使用的簡(jiǎn)單方法：從每天30分鐘不使用手機(jī)開(kāi)始，逐漸增加時(shí)間。每周選擇一天作為“少用手機(jī)日”，關(guān)閉應(yīng)用程序通知，尋找像運(yùn)動(dòng)或閱讀這樣有趣的線(xiàn)下活動(dòng)。這些小改變可以在保持基本手機(jī)功能的同時(shí)，培養(yǎng)更健康的習(xí)慣。)”可知，研究人員建議逐漸減少看屏幕的時(shí)間。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章開(kāi)篇指出一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)減少使用手機(jī)上網(wǎng)時(shí)間能改善心理健康，接著闡述研究過(guò)程、結(jié)果以及給出相關(guān)建議，所以“減少使用手機(jī)時(shí)間能改善心理健康”最適合用作文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。CIhaveopinions.Lots.Strongones.I’mbornwiththem;there'sjudgmentinmybones.MydadoncesaidifIcouldtalkonthedayIwasborn,Iwouldhavecriticizedthewaythenursesmovedthehospitalbed.He’sright.KidsoftenaskmeaboutwhereIstandonthebigsocialandpolitical(政治的)issues.Itmakessense,givenmybackgroundinpoliticalstudiesandgovernment.Mygo-toresponse?“AskmeinJune.”It’snotaboutneedingtimetothinkovermyviews;they’resetinstone.Butintheclassroom,Iaimtoplayitneutral(中立的),likeShakespeare’sline,“IamnotwhatIam”.WhydoIstayneutral?Well,Ihaveaninterestedclass—eageryoungmindsreadytolearnwhateverIteach.Itwouldbeeasytomakethemthinklikeme,butthat’snotwhatteachingisabout.EventhoughIstronglybelieveincertainthings,forcingmyownideasonstudentsjustdoesn’tfeelright.Backin2016,astudentwantedmetosharemypoliticalviewsfortheschoolmagazine.Ipolitelyrefused.Instead,IofferedtowriteaboutwhyIrefusedtosharemyviews.Ialsowroteabouttheissueofuniversitiesnotbeingneutralground.Severalofmyprofessorsatuniversitylovedusingtheclassroomasawaytotellstudentsthe“correct”waytothink,andthe“best”waytoviewissues.Butthisisnotright.Teachingisanhonor—ithelpsstudentsgrowtheirownminds.Myteachingphilosophyisencouragingindividuality;it’snotaboutme.Ipushstudentstocarefullyexplorediverseviewpointswithacriticaleye,betterpreparingthemfortheintellectualchallengesbeyondhighschool.Inshort,ateacher’sroleistohelpstudentsthinkcritically,nottobrainwash.So,I’llkeeppushingmystudentstothinkhard.AndiftheywanttoknowwhereIstand,asI’vesaid,they’llhavetowaittilltheygraduateinJune.8.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“they’resetinstone”inparagraph2?A.Hehasneutralopinions. B.Heholdsstrongbeliefs.C.Hisviewsarerecorded. D.Hisideasareunique.9.Whydidtheauthorrefusethestudentinparagraph4?A.Hedidn’thaveanypoliticalviews.B.Hepreferredtowriteaboutothertopics.C.Hetriedtoavoidinfluencingstudents’thinking.D.Hethoughtitwrongforstudentstodiscusspolitics.10.Whichstatementwouldtheauthormostlikelyagreewith?A.Believeinme,trustyourmind.B.Teachme,teachmycuriosity.C.Learnfromme,growafterme.D.Loveme,thinklikeme.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。文章講述作者雖觀點(diǎn)堅(jiān)定，但教學(xué)中保持中立，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生批判性探索多元觀點(diǎn)，助力其獨(dú)立思考?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“they’resetinstone”前一句“It’snotaboutneedingtimetothinkovermyviews(這并非需要時(shí)間思考我的觀點(diǎn))”可知，作者的觀點(diǎn)“堅(jiān)定不移”。所以猜測(cè)setinstone意為“固定不變的”，與B選項(xiàng)Heholdsstrongbeliefs.(他持有堅(jiān)定的信念)語(yǔ)義一致。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“EventhoughIstronglybelieveincertainthings,forcingmyownideasonstudentsjustdoesn’tfeelright.(盡管我堅(jiān)信某些事情，但把自己的想法強(qiáng)加給學(xué)生是不對(duì)的。)”及第四段“Ialsowroteabouttheissueofuniversitiesnotbeingneutralground.Severalofmyprofessorsatuniversitylovedusingtheclassroomasawaytotellstudentsthe‘correct’waytothink,andthe‘best’waytoviewissues.Butthisisnotright.(我還寫(xiě)過(guò)關(guān)于大學(xué)不是中立地的問(wèn)題。我大學(xué)里的幾位教授喜歡用課堂來(lái)告訴學(xué)生‘正確’的思考方式和‘最好’的看待問(wèn)題的方式。但這是不對(duì)的。)”可知，作者拒絕學(xué)生是為了避免影響學(xué)生的獨(dú)立思考。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第五段“Myteachingphilosophyisencouragingindividuality;it’snotaboutme.Ipushstudentstocarefullyexplorediverseviewpointswithacriticaleye,betterpreparingthemfortheintellectualchallengesbeyondhighschool.Inshort,ateacher’sroleistohelpstudentsthinkcritically,nottobrainwash.(我的教學(xué)理念是鼓勵(lì)個(gè)性；這與我無(wú)關(guān)。我鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生以批判性的眼光仔細(xì)探索不同的觀點(diǎn)，更好地為高中以后的智力挑戰(zhàn)做好準(zhǔn)備。簡(jiǎn)而言之，教師的作用是幫助學(xué)生批判性思考，而不是洗腦。)”可知，作者認(rèn)同“相信自己的思維”,避免用自己的觀點(diǎn)影響學(xué)生的獨(dú)立思考。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題3分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Humorisacommonhumanqualitythatbringsjoytoourdailylives.___11___Ithelpsusconnectwithothersmoreeasily,reducesstressinchallengingtimes,andevenimprovesouroverallhealth.Doctorshavefoundthatpeoplewholaughregularlytendtohavestrongerimmunesystems.Anumberoffactorsinfluencesomeone’ssenseofhumor.___12___Baby,forexample,tendtolaughatsimplegameslikepeek-a-boo,whileteenagersmaydelightinirony.Aspeoplegrowolder,whattheyfindfunnydevelops.Culturaldifferencesalsoplayabigrole.Ajokethat’sextremelyfunnyinonecountrymightberudeinanother.___13___Noteveryonehasasenseofhumor.Thosewithautism(自閉癥),forexample,maytakejokesliterallyandnotunderstandwhyothersarelaughing.___14___Teacherssometimesnoticethatstudentswhodon’tunderstandclassroomjokesmayfeellonelyorleftout.Thiscancreatesocialdifficultiessincehumorissuchanimportantpartofhowpeoplecommunicateandmakefriends.Thegoodnewsisthathumorskillscanimprovewithpractice.Manyexpertssuggestthatwhilesomepeoplearenaturallyfunnier,everyonecandeveloptheirsenseofhumor.___15___Parentsandteacherscanhelpchildrenbyencouragingfunnystorytellingorjoke-tellingactivities.Foradults,joiningacomedycluborsimplywatchingmorefunnymoviescanhelpdeepentheirunderstandingofhumor.A.Ageisabigissue.B.Themostimportantthingistoberespectful.C.Peoplewithasenseofhumorfeellessstressed.D.Insuchsituation,theymayfeeluncomfortable.E.Foryoungchildren,playingfungamesisagoodstart.F.Researchshowshumorisconnectedtoproblem-solvingskills.G.Awell-developedsenseofhumoroffersmanybenefitsinlife.【答案】11.G12.A13.B14.D15.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要探討了幽默感對(duì)人類(lèi)生活的多重益處，并分析了影響幽默感的因素，同時(shí)指出幽默能力可以通過(guò)練習(xí)提升，介紹了兒童和成人的不同培養(yǎng)方式。【11題詳析】前文“Humorisacommonhumanqualitythatbringsjoytoourdailylives.(幽默是帶來(lái)快樂(lè)的常見(jiàn)人類(lèi)特質(zhì))”引出幽默特質(zhì)的話(huà)題，后文“Ithelpsusconnectwithothersmoreeasily,reducesstressinchallengingtimes,andevenimprovesouroverallhealth.Doctorshavefoundthatpeoplewholaughregularlytendtohavestrongerimmunesystems.(它幫助我們更容易地與他人聯(lián)系，在充滿(mǎn)挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候減輕壓力，甚至改善我們的整體健康。醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)常笑的人往往免疫系統(tǒng)更強(qiáng))”列舉幽默的各種積極作用，空處應(yīng)概括幽默的益處，因此G項(xiàng)“Awell-developedsenseofhumoroffersmanybenefitsinlife.(良好的幽默感對(duì)生活有很多好處)”符合語(yǔ)境，承接前文，和后文構(gòu)成總分關(guān)系。故選G。【12題詳析】前文“Anumberoffactorsinfluencesomeone’ssenseofhumor.(影響一個(gè)人幽默感的因素有很多)”指出幽默感受多種因素影響，后文“Baby,forexample,tendtolaughatsimplegameslikepeek-a-boo,whileteenagersmaydelightinirony.(例如，嬰兒往往會(huì)對(duì)像躲貓貓這樣的簡(jiǎn)單游戲發(fā)笑，而青少年可能會(huì)喜歡諷刺)”舉出嬰兒和青少年的例子，說(shuō)明不同年齡的人喜歡不同類(lèi)型的幽默，空處應(yīng)點(diǎn)明年齡的影響，因此A項(xiàng)“Ageisabigissue.(年齡是一個(gè)重要因素)”符合語(yǔ)境，承接前文，后文是對(duì)其例證。故選A?！?3題詳析】前文“Culturaldifferencesalsoplayabigrole.Ajokethat’sextremelyfunnyinonecountrymightberudeinanother.(文化差異也起著很大的作用。在一個(gè)國(guó)家非常有趣的笑話(huà)在另一個(gè)國(guó)家可能是粗魯?shù)?”指出文化差異影響幽默，空處應(yīng)給出與文化差異相關(guān)的結(jié)論或建議，因此B項(xiàng)“Themostimportantthingistoberespectful.(最重要的是保持尊重)”符合語(yǔ)境，承接前文。故選B?！?4題詳析】前文“Thosewithautism(自閉癥),forexample,maytakejokesliterallyandnotunderstandwhyothersarelaughing.(例如，自閉癥患者可能會(huì)從字面上理解笑話(huà)，不明白別人為什么笑)”提到自閉癥患者可能不理解笑話(huà)，后文“Teacherssometimesnoticethatstudentswhodon’tunderstandclassroomjokesmayfeellonelyorleftout.(老師有時(shí)會(huì)注意到，聽(tīng)不懂課堂笑話(huà)的學(xué)生可能會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)或被冷落)”轉(zhuǎn)到聽(tīng)不懂課堂笑話(huà)的學(xué)生的負(fù)面感受，空處應(yīng)指出自閉癥患者的負(fù)面感受，因此D項(xiàng)“Insuchsituation,theymayfeeluncomfortable.(在這種情況下，他們可能感到不適)”符合語(yǔ)境，承接前文，其中的they指代前文的Thosewithautism。故選D?！?5題詳析】前文“Thegoodnewsisthathumorskillscanimprovewithpractice.Manyexpertssuggestthatwhilesomepeoplearenaturallyfunnier,everyonecandeveloptheirsenseofhumor.(好消息是，幽默技巧可以隨著練習(xí)而提高。許多專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為，雖然有些人天生更有趣，但每個(gè)人都可以培養(yǎng)自己的幽默感)”指出幽默感可以通過(guò)練習(xí)提升，后文“Parentsandteacherscanhelpchildrenbyencouragingfunnystorytellingorjoke-tellingactivities.(父母和老師可以通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)有趣的講故事或講笑話(huà)的活動(dòng)來(lái)幫助孩子)”給出幫孩子提升幽默感的具體建議，空處應(yīng)過(guò)渡到孩子如何練習(xí)提升幽默感，因此E項(xiàng)“Foryoungchildren,playingfungamesisagoodstart.(對(duì)幼兒來(lái)說(shuō)，玩有趣游戲是好的開(kāi)始)”符合語(yǔ)境，承前啟后。故選E。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A，B，C，D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。HikingKilimanjarohadneverbeenonmy“survivor’slist”,butIdidenjoyadventure.ItallbeganwhenChristatoldmeshewasorganizinganother___16___andIwasreadyforthe___17___.Afterninemonthsoftraining,westarted___18___oneafternoon.Abouthalfwayup,webrokeintosmallergroupsandIwasinthe___19___group,andeventuallyfoundmyselfalonewithaguide.WhenImadeittothefirstcamp,everyonewassinginganddancing,___20___theendofdayone.IwassotiredthatIjustsatdown,tryingtogatherthe___21___tofindmytent.Thenextmorning,welinedupagainandI___22___wenttothebackforbeingoverweight.Bymidday,IrealizedIhadmadethebiggest___23___inmylife.Icouldfeeltearsfillingmyeyes,andthenthe___24___voicesracedinmyhead:“You’retoofat!”“You’renothealthyenough!”“Youdon’tbelonghere!”Iaskedmyself,“Isthisthe___25___thingIhaveeverdone?”Ithoughtbacktothosesixpainfulmonthsin2022whenIhadcancer.Theanswerwasno.Ikept___26___.ItfeltlikehoursuntilIsawthetopsofthediningtents.Idraggedmyselftoachair.Severalwomenwerealreadythere,___27___thehardday.Ifelt___28___thatIwasn’ttheonlyonewhostruggled.Thegroundflattenedoutaswewent___29___,andtherewasnoshadefromthesunanymore.Bythefifthday,whenIarrivedatthecamp,itwasmidnight.Andeveryonehadtobeupand___30___by11pm.Iwassickwithacold.So,Idecidednottosummit(登頂)Kilimanjaro—___31___,Iwatchedthesunrisefrombasecamp.IhadthoughtIwouldbe___32___thatIdidn’treachthesummit.Butinfact,Ifeltstrongerthatnightthaneverbefore.Ihaveno___33___.Weallachievedour___34___summitsonthistrip.Ilearnedasimilarlessonfrombothclimbingamountainandfightingcancer—thatIcandohardthingsand___35___.16.A.climb B.game C.race D.dance17.A.job B.routine C.challenge D.training18.A.resting B.competing C.running D.hiking19.A.slower B.bigger C.better D.luckier20.A.expecting B.celebrating C.reaching D.forgetting21.A.energy B.evidence C.courage D.speed22.A.hurriedly B.automatically C.aimlessly D.carefully23.A.wish B.mistake C.decision D.apology24.A.sweet B.calm C.loud D.soft25.A.craziest B.stupidest C.saddest D.toughest26.A.walking B.thinking C.crying D.questioning27.A.waitingfor B.thinkingof C.preparingfor D.talkingabout28.A.interested B.amused C.excited D.relieved29.A.faster B.deeper C.higher D.farther30.A.quiet B.determined C.ready D.asleep31.A.instead B.besides C.therefore D.otherwise32.A.doubtful B.frightened C.upset D.bored33.A.worry B.regret C.fear D.shame34.A.fixed B.original C.common D.personal35.A.win B.dream C.struggle D.survive【答案】16.A17.C18.D19.A20.B21.A22.B23.B24.C25.D26.A27.D28.D29.C30.C31.A32.C33.B34.D35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者參與乞力馬扎羅山徒步，雖因身體原因未登頂，但在過(guò)程中戰(zhàn)勝自我，感悟到挑戰(zhàn)與堅(jiān)持的意義?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一切始于克麗斯塔告訴我她在組織另一次攀登，我準(zhǔn)備好迎接挑戰(zhàn)。A.climb攀登；B.game游戲；C.race比賽；D.dance舞蹈。根據(jù)上文“HikingKilimanjaro”以及語(yǔ)境可知，此處指克麗斯塔組織乞力馬扎羅山的攀登活動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一切始于克麗斯塔告訴我她在組織另一次攀登，我準(zhǔn)備好迎接挑戰(zhàn)。A.job工作；B.routine常規(guī)；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.training訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)上文“HikingKilimanjaro”以及常識(shí)可知，登山是具有難度的挑戰(zhàn)，與后文克服困難的經(jīng)歷呼應(yīng)。challenge符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：九個(gè)月訓(xùn)練后，我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)下午開(kāi)始徒步。A.resting休息；B.competing競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；C.running跑步；D.hiking徒步。根據(jù)上文“HikingKilimanjaro”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指他們開(kāi)始徒步登山。hiking是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大約走到一半的時(shí)候，我們分成了更小的小組，我在較慢的小組里，最終發(fā)現(xiàn)自己獨(dú)自一人和導(dǎo)游在一起。A.slower較慢的；B.bigger較大的；C.better較好的；D.luckier較幸運(yùn)的。根據(jù)下文“struggled”、“overweight”可知，作者身體狀態(tài)不佳，所以呆在較慢的小組。slower符合其登山狀態(tài)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我到達(dá)第一個(gè)營(yíng)地時(shí)，每個(gè)人都在載歌載舞，慶祝第一天的結(jié)束。A.expecting期待；B.celebrating慶祝；C.reaching到達(dá)；D.forgetting忘記。根據(jù)上文“singinganddancing”可知，這是作者們慶祝一天行程結(jié)束的方式。celebrating符合場(chǎng)景。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我累得坐了下來(lái)，試圖集中精力找到我的帳篷。A.energy力氣；B.evidence證據(jù)；C.courage勇氣；D.speed速度。根據(jù)上文“tryingtogatherthe”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指作者試圖集中精力找到帳篷。前文tired說(shuō)明需要力氣行動(dòng)。energy符合疲憊狀態(tài)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天早上，我們?cè)俅闻抨?duì)，我因?yàn)槌囟詣?dòng)走到后面。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.automatically自動(dòng)地；C.aimlessly漫無(wú)目的地；D.carefully仔細(xì)地。根據(jù)下文“forbeingoverweight”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指作者因體重問(wèn)題，自動(dòng)走到后面。automatically體現(xiàn)無(wú)意識(shí)行為。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到中午，我意識(shí)到我犯了人生中最大的錯(cuò)誤。A.wish愿望；B.mistake錯(cuò)誤；C.decision決定；D.apology道歉。根據(jù)下文“Icouldfeeltearsfillingmyeyes”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指作者認(rèn)為登山是錯(cuò)誤，已經(jīng)開(kāi)始后悔了。mistake符合心理。故選B項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我能感覺(jué)到淚水充滿(mǎn)了我的眼睛，腦海中響起刺耳聲音。A.sweet甜的；B.calm平靜的；C.loud刺耳的；D.soft輕柔的。根據(jù)引號(hào)“You’retoofat!”等內(nèi)容可知，這是作者的自我否定，所以這些聲音刺耳。loud體現(xiàn)負(fù)面聲音的強(qiáng)烈。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我做過(guò)最艱難的事嗎？A.craziest最瘋狂的；B.stupidest最愚蠢的；C.saddest最悲傷的；D.toughest最艱難的。根據(jù)下文“Ithoughtbacktothosesixpainfulmonthsin2022whenIhadcancer.”作者癌癥經(jīng)歷可知，作者對(duì)比兩件艱難事。toughest符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我繼續(xù)走。A.walking走；B.thinking思考；C.crying哭；D.questioning質(zhì)疑。根據(jù)下文“sawthetopsofthediningtents”可知，這里指作者繼續(xù)走準(zhǔn)備登山。walking符合行動(dòng)描述。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：幾個(gè)女人已經(jīng)在那里，談?wù)撝D難的一天。A.waitingfor等待；B.thinkingof想起；C.preparingfor準(zhǔn)備；D.talkingabout談?wù)?。根?jù)下文“thehardday”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指她們交流當(dāng)日感受，talkingabout符合場(chǎng)景。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我因并非唯一掙扎者而釋然。A.interested感興趣的；B.amused好笑的；C.excited興奮的；D.relieved釋然的。根據(jù)下文“Iwasn’ttheonlyonewhostruggled”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指發(fā)現(xiàn)他人也有困難，作者心情釋然。relieved符合心理變化。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)脚涝礁?，地面平坦，無(wú)遮陽(yáng)處。A.faster更快；B.deeper更深；C.higher更高；D.farther更遠(yuǎn)。根據(jù)上文“Thegroundflattenedoutaswewent”以及常識(shí)可知，登山過(guò)程是向高處行進(jìn)。higher符合方向。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：所有人需在11點(diǎn)前起床準(zhǔn)備。A.quiet安靜的；B.determined堅(jiān)定的；C.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；D.asleep睡著的。根據(jù)上文“everyonehadtobeup”以及結(jié)合登山行程可知，這里指所有人起床準(zhǔn)備好出發(fā)。ready符合安排。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我決定不登頂，而是在大本營(yíng)看日出。A.instead反而；B.besides此外；C.therefore因此；D.otherwise否則。根據(jù)下文“Iwatchedthesunrisefrombasecamp”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里“不登頂”與“看日出”是替代關(guān)系。instead表轉(zhuǎn)折替代，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我原以為會(huì)因未登頂而難過(guò)。A.doubtful懷疑的；B.frightened害怕的；C.upset難過(guò)的；D.bored無(wú)聊的。根據(jù)下文“thatIdidn’treachthesummit”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指作者原預(yù)想未完成目標(biāo)會(huì)難過(guò)。upset符合預(yù)期情緒。故選C項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不后悔。A.worry擔(dān)憂(yōu)；B.regret后悔；C.fear恐懼；D.shame羞恥。根據(jù)上文“Butinfact,Ifeltstrongerthatnightthaneverbefore”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指作者在大本營(yíng)看到日出，感覺(jué)非常強(qiáng)烈震撼，所以不后悔未登頂。故選B項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都達(dá)成了個(gè)人登頂。A.fixed固定的；B.original原始的；C.common共同的；D.personal個(gè)人的。根據(jù)下文“summitsonthistrip”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指作者雖未實(shí)質(zhì)上登頂，但每個(gè)人都有個(gè)人成就，作者心里認(rèn)為自己已經(jīng)成功了，所以認(rèn)為我們都達(dá)成個(gè)人登頂。personal符合感悟。故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我能做難事并堅(jiān)持下去。A.win贏；B.dream夢(mèng)想；C.struggle掙扎；D.survive堅(jiān)持，挺過(guò)。根據(jù)上文“Ithoughtbacktothosesixpainfulmonthsin2022whenIhadcancer.”以及結(jié)合登山經(jīng)歷可知，這里指作者通過(guò)登上和抗癌學(xué)會(huì)堅(jiān)持。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HunanRestaurantinLondon____36____(be)famousforitsspecial“no-menu”diningforover40years.____37____(found)in1982byMichaelPeng’sfather,therestaurantintroducedspicyflavors(味道)ofHunandishestoLondon.Hisfatheroriginallyhadamenu.____38____,customersoftenreceiveddifferentdishes.Theysaidtheydidn’tordercertainitems,whilehisfatherinsistedhehadgiventhembetterdishes,____39____oftenledtoargumentsoverthebill.WhenMichaeltookovertherestaurantin1999,hestarteda“no-menu”approach.UnlikemostChineserestaurants,meals____40____(arrange)basedonguests’preferences,dietaryneeds,andevenculturalbackground.Toensurequality,MichaelinsistedonusingfreshBritishingredients(食材).HementionedthatthesimplerHunandisheswere,the____41____(good)ingredientswereneeded.Therestaurantalsooffered____42____(special)selectedwines,includingGermanwineswhichPengfoundperfectforChinesedishes.Michaelsaidthat____43____unique“no-menu”ideadependedheavilyoncustomertrustsinceitallowedchefstochoosemealstocreateaspecialdiningexperience.Despiteitssuccess,heacknowledgedthechallengesinLondon'scompetitivefoodindustry.With____44____(increase)numbersofChineserestaurantsopening,headdedthattrueChinesecookingneededpropertraining,whichwashard____45____(find)here.ThoughsomecustomersthinkHunanRestaurantcouldearnaMichelinstar,Michaelfocusesmoreonmakinghisteamhappy.“Happystaffmakehappycustomers,”hesays.【答案】36.hasbeen37.Founded38.However39.which40.arearranged41.better42.specially43.the44.increasing45.tofind【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了倫敦HunanRestaurant的獨(dú)特“無(wú)菜單”服務(wù)方式及其發(fā)展歷程?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：40多年來(lái)，倫敦的湖南酒家一直以其獨(dú)特的“無(wú)菜單”餐廳而聞名。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)forover40years可知，句子應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。同時(shí)，主語(yǔ)HunanRestaurant是單數(shù)形式，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasbeen。【37題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：MichaelPeng的父親于1982年創(chuàng)立了這家餐廳，將湘菜的辣味引入了倫敦。空格處應(yīng)該用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞found與句子的主語(yǔ)therestaurant之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞founded作狀語(yǔ)；置于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Founded。【38題詳析】考查副詞。句意：然而，顧客通常會(huì)收到不同的菜肴。前后句之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且空格后有逗號(hào)，需要一個(gè)副詞來(lái)表示這種轉(zhuǎn)折，所以用副詞however；置于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填However?！?9題詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他們聲稱(chēng)自己并未點(diǎn)某些菜品，而他的父親則堅(jiān)稱(chēng)自己已經(jīng)為他們提供了更好的菜品，這常常導(dǎo)致關(guān)于賬單的爭(zhēng)論?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞which代替上文的內(nèi)容在從句中作主語(yǔ)。故填which。【40題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：與大多數(shù)中餐館不同，這里的飯菜是根據(jù)客人的喜好、飲食需求甚至文化背景來(lái)安排的?？崭裉幨侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)上下文，句子描述的是客觀情況，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。同時(shí)，主語(yǔ)meals與動(dòng)詞arrange之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此需要使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式，be動(dòng)詞用are。故填arearranged?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：他提到，湖南菜越簡(jiǎn)單，就需要越好的食材。根據(jù)句意和上文的thesimpler可知，此處考查固定句型“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越……越……”，所以空格處用比較級(jí)better。故填better。【42題詳析】考查副詞。句意：餐廳還提供特別精選的葡萄酒，其中包括德國(guó)葡萄酒，彭發(fā)現(xiàn)這些葡萄酒非常適合中國(guó)菜?？崭裉幮揎椣挛牡膭?dòng)詞selected，應(yīng)該用副詞specially作狀語(yǔ)。故填specially。【43題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：Michael表示，這種獨(dú)特的“無(wú)菜單”模式在很大程度上依賴(lài)于顧客的信任，因?yàn)樗试S廚師根據(jù)顧客的喜好來(lái)選擇菜品，從而為顧客營(yíng)造出獨(dú)特的用餐體驗(yàn)。此處特指“獨(dú)特的無(wú)菜單理念”，需要使用定冠詞the。故填the?！?4題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著越來(lái)越多的中餐館開(kāi)業(yè)，他補(bǔ)充道，正宗的中國(guó)菜需要專(zhuān)業(yè)的培訓(xùn)，而這種培訓(xùn)在這里很難找到?？崭裉帒?yīng)該用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾下文的numbers，動(dòng)詞increase與名詞numbers之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示正在進(jìn)行，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞increasing作定語(yǔ)。故填increasing?！?5題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著越來(lái)越多的中餐館開(kāi)業(yè)，他補(bǔ)充道，正宗的中國(guó)菜需要專(zhuān)業(yè)的培訓(xùn)，而這種培訓(xùn)在這里很難找到。“主語(yǔ)+be+adj+todo”是固定句型，用來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)的特征，所以空格處應(yīng)該用不定式形式。故填tofind。第三部分基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)(共三節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分)閱讀下面短文，用所給單詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。每個(gè)單詞使用一次，每空填入一個(gè)單詞。greetimpactpermissionseekresponddesireorigingraduallydistantintegrateToday,I'dlovetosharemytravelexperienceinJiangcheng,YunnanProvince,aplacethatlefta(n)___46___onme.Iarrivedinthesmalltownearlyinthemorning.Thelocals___47___visitorswithwarmsmiles.Fromconversationswiththem,Iknewthatthetownhadaninteresting___48___.Itbeganasasmallfishingvillagemanyyearsago.Asmorepeoplesettledhere,itwas___49___transformedintoabeautifultouristspot.Althoughthetownisina(n)___50___partofthecountry,itattractsmanytravelerswho___51___toescapefromthebusycitylife.Whilewalkingaround,Iwasamazedatthedesignofthebuildings___52___theoldandnewstyles.Ilovedtheolderbuildings,asiftheywerewhisperin