2022屆廣東省高三上學(xué)期綜合能力測(cè)試(二)英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。因不考聽力，試卷從第二部分的“閱讀”開始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開始。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWeallrememberthefirstadventurenovelwhereforthefirsttimeourimaginationswerelitbywhispersofburiedtreasure,lostworlds,andfarawayjungles.AsJaneEyresays:“Itisinvaintosayhumanbeingsoughttobesatisfiedwithtranquility:theymusthaveaction;andtheywillmakeitiftheycannotfindit.”Luckily,herearesomeofthebestadventurebooks,whichmightmaketheactoffindingactioneasierforyou!Clickonthebooknamefordetailedinformation.JawsbyPeterBenchleyThe1974bookinspiredStevenSpielberg’sblockbustermovie——whichthenmadebeachattendancedropdramaticallyin1975.Jawsisthestoryofthreemen’squesttokillahuman-eatinggreatwhiteshark.It’sahigh-stakesadventureonthesea,whichholdsmoredangersthananyonecouldhaveeverimagined.ChildrenoftheCometbyDonaldMoffittInthefarfuture,asmallcommunitylivesinspaceandharvestsfrozenairtomakealiving.Butwhathappenswhenhuntersfromneighboringcomets—andhumansonstarships—appearonthescene?Thisisacosmicadventureinaveryliteralsense,asouryounghero,Torris,triestosurviveonacometmadeentirelyofice.ChildrenoftheApesbyEdgarRiceBurroughsThisbooklaunchedthelegendofanorphanedboywhoisadoptedbyapesintheAfricanjungle.NamedTarzan,theboyeventuallyhastoprovehimselfontwofronts:theanimalkingdomandtheevenmorethreateningworldofhumans.RaptorRedbyRobertT.BakkerUnlikeanyotherbookoutthere,RaptorRedistoldentirelyfromthethird-personpointofviewofRaptorRed,afemaleUtahraptor.RobertT.Bakker,theauthor,expertlydrawsuponheartfeltresearchabouttheCretaceousPeriodtobringaprehistoricEarthtolifeasRaptorRedstrugglestosurviveinadinosaur-eat-dinosaurworld.1.Afanofspaceexplorationmightbeinterestedin.A.Jaws B.ChildrenoftheCometC.TarzanoftheApes D.RaptorRed2.WhatisspecialaboutthebookRaptorRed?A.Itfeaturesdinosaurs. B.Itwaswrittenbyafemale.C.Itistoldbyitscharacter. D.Itisabouttheearth’shistory.3.Whereisthetextmostlikelytobefound?A.OnaWebsite. B.Onafilmposter. C.Inthenewspaper. D.Inanovel.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要給讀者介紹一些最好的冒險(xiǎn)書?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二本書ChildrenoftheComet的介紹“Thisisacosmicadventureinaveryliteralsense,asouryounghero,Torris,triestosurviveonacometmadeentirelyofice.(從字面上來說，這是一次宇宙冒險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)槲覀兊闹魅宋蘐orris試圖在一顆完全由冰組成的彗星上生存)”可知，喜歡太空探索的人會(huì)對(duì)ChildrenoftheComet這本書感興趣。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一本書RaptorRedbyRobertT.Bakker的介紹“Unlikeanyotherbookoutthere,RaptorRedistoldentirelyfromthethird-personpointofviewofRaptorRed,afemaleUtahraptor.(不像這里介紹的其他的書，RaptorRed完全是從第三人稱——一只雌性猶他恐龍的角度來講述的)”可知，這本書的特別之處在于是由書中的角色講述的。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Clickonthebooknamefordetailedinformation.(點(diǎn)擊這本書的名字以獲得詳細(xì)信息)”可知，這篇文章很有可能來自網(wǎng)絡(luò)。故選A。BAmancalledJamaalAllanhasrevealedhowhisnamehasledtohimbeingraciallystereotyped(歸類)throughouthislife.Jamaal,ahighschoolteacherwhogrewupinsouthernOregonoftheUSA,revealedthatmostpeoplehemeetsarealwayssurprisedwhentheydiscoverhe'swhite.Hesaidthatoneofthemostcommonresponsestohisnameis“Ineverwould'veguessedyournamewasJamaal”.Inablogpostheairedhisthoughtsonthis,writing:"Really,areyoufrequentlygoodatguessingpeople'snames?”Anotherreactiontohisname,hesaid,is'"youdon'tlooklikeaJamaal",towhichheaskedinresponse,"Andhowexactlydoesonelooklikeaname?”Hewroteintheblogthatsomepeople,aftermeetinghim,say“Ithoughtyou'dbe…"andthenpausewith“asuddenrealizationtheyareonthevergeofsoundingracist",beforefindingawordsuchas“tailedor"older”toendthesentencewith.AndhisnameonceappearedtogethimselectedforarandomsecuritycheckonatriptoLondonin2002,astheotherspickedoutbyofficialswerecalledMuhammad,AbdulandTariq.Healsoexplainedthatwaitressesandwaitersusuallyhandhiscreditcardbacktoablackpersonathistablewhenhe'sdiningout.Hisname,whichmeans“beauty"inArabic,landedhimhisteachingjobinIowa,though.Jamaalsaid,“TheprincipalwhohadhiredmeadmittedthatIwasluckytohavegottenthejob.Theyhadnotbeenplanningtotakeanotherstudent-teacherwhenmyapplicationshowedup.But,astheyscannedthroughitandsawaJamaalwhoplaysbasketballandcountsMuhammadAliamonghisheroes,theythoughtthey'couldusealittlediversity,'"saidJamaal.Jamaal'sdadwasafanoftheLosAngelesLakersbasketballteamandhewasjustnamedafteroneoftheirplayers,JamaalWilkes.4.WhatdomostpeoplethinkofJamaal'sname?A.Itsoundsunattractive. B.Itisdifficulttopronounce.C.Itisanuntypicalboyname. D.Itisunusualforawhiteman.5.Whywere"Abdul"and"Tariq"selectedforarandomsecuritycheck?A.Theywereblackpeople. B.Theyusedfakenames.C.Theytookothers9creditcards. D.Theywereraciallystereotyped.6.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.ThemeaningofJamaal'sname. B.ThestartofJamaal'scareerinIowa.C.ThepositiveeffectofJamaal'sname. D.ThehappyendingofJamaal'sstory.7.WhydidtheprincipaldecidetohireJamaal?A.HelikedJamaal'sspecialexperiences. B.HemistookJamaalasacoloredperson.C.HeconsideredJamaalagoodsportsman. D.HeappreciatedJamaal'sbasketballheroes.【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講的是一名名叫賈馬爾·艾倫的男子透露，他的名字是如何讓他在一生中受到種族歧視的。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Jamaal,ahighschoolteacherwhogrewupinsouthernOregonoftheUSA,revealedthatmostpeoplehemeetsarealwayssurprisedwhentheydiscoverhe'swhite.Hesaidthatoneofthemostcommonresponsestohisnameis“Ineverwould'veguessedyournamewasJamaal”.（賈馬爾是一名在美國(guó)俄勒岡州南部長(zhǎng)大的高中教師，他透露，當(dāng)他遇到的大多數(shù)人發(fā)現(xiàn)他是白人時(shí)，他們總是很驚訝。他說，人們聽到他的名字時(shí)，最常見的反應(yīng)之一是“我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)猜到你的名字是賈馬爾”。）”可推斷出，Jamaal這個(gè)名字對(duì)一個(gè)白人來說是不尋常的。故選D。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“AndhisnameonceappearedtogethimselectedforarandomsecuritycheckonatriptoLondonin2002,astheotherspickedoutbyofficialswerecalledMuhammad,AbdulandTariq.（他的名字曾讓他在2002年去倫敦的旅行中被隨機(jī)選中接受安全檢查，因?yàn)楣賳T們選中的其他人分別是穆罕默德、阿卜杜勒和塔里克。）”可知，“阿卜杜勒”和“塔里克”會(huì)被隨機(jī)選中接受安全檢查是因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)名字聽起來像黑人的名字，所以安檢人員對(duì)這兩個(gè)名字有固定思維，也就是安檢人員對(duì)這兩個(gè)名字有種族上的成見。故選D。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段的“Hisname,whichmeans“beauty"inArabic,landedhimhisteachingjobinIowa,though.（他的名字在阿拉伯語(yǔ)中意為“美麗”，這讓他在愛荷華州得到了一份教師工作。）”和“TheprincipalwhohadhiredmeadmittedthatIwasluckytohavegottenthejob.（聘用我的校長(zhǎng)承認(rèn)，我很幸運(yùn)得到這份工作。）”可知，第五段主要講的是賈馬爾的名字帶來的積極影響。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“But,astheyscannedthroughitandsawaJamaalwhoplaysbasketballandcountsMuhammadAliamonghisheroes,theythoughttheycouldusealittlediversity（但是，當(dāng)他們?yōu)g覽它的時(shí)候，看到一個(gè)打籃球的賈馬爾，并把穆罕默德·阿里視為他的英雄之一，他們認(rèn)為他們可以利用一點(diǎn)多樣性。）”可知，校長(zhǎng)以為Jamaal是個(gè)黑人，他想給學(xué)校增加一點(diǎn)多樣性，所以聘請(qǐng)了他，因此校長(zhǎng)決定雇傭賈馬爾的原因是他誤以為賈馬爾是有色人種。故選B。C“Ifyouwanttoownahome,stopbuyingbrunch,"theysay.Meanwhile,under30sareatriskofinjuryfromtheworld'sbiggesteyeroll(白眼).Butitisnottastyfoodlikeavocado,fastfashionoreventravelabroadthat'sholdingagenerationbackfromachievingthosetraditionalmilestones-andwefinallyhavesomeevidencetoproveit.Infact,thoseaged18to30aremorelikelytobesaversthananyotheragegroup,accordingtonewresearch.Farfrombeingwasteful,anoverwhelming84%oftheseyoungpeoplearetryingtosave.Therealproblemliesinthefactthatyoungerpeopletendtohavehigherexpensewhenspendingonessentialscomparedtoouroldercounterparts(對(duì)應(yīng)的人)-andthathousepricesareatanall-timehigh.Theresearchalsofindsthatnearlyhalf(47%)of18to30-year-oldshave“l(fā)owfinancialresilience”-theyhavelittlecapacitytopaybillsintheeventofafinancialshock.Youngpeoplearesignificantlymorelikelytohavefallenbehindondomesticbillsandcreditcardrepaymentsinthepastsixmonths,at31%,comparedwith3%ofthoseaged51-plus,theresearchfinds.“Despitethecriticismthatyoungpeopleoftenface,regularlyaccusedofspendingtoomuchmoneyoncoffeesandfoodandnotbeingfinanciallyprudent(精明的),ournewresearchshowsjusthowmuchyoungpeoplearetryingtolookaftertheirfinancesandsaveforthefuture—moresothananyotheragegroup,"saidBenGlover,theleadauthoroftheresearch.“Amidacostoflivingcrisis,youngerpeoplestillfacethegreatestbattlewiththehighestspendingonessentials,alackofsupportandasystemthatdoesn'tworkforthem.”Benalsosaysit'stimefortheGovernment,policymakersandfinancialinstitutionstourgentlyworktogethertohelpimproveyoungpeople'sfinancialwell-beingandprospects,especiallyafterthepandemic.Sothereweare:nothingtodowithavocado.8.Whatcanbeoneofthetraditionalmilestones?A.Buyingahouse. B.Travelingabroad.C.Eatingtastyfood. D.Followingthefashion.9.Whatleadstoyoungpeople'sfinancialdifficulty?A.Frequentfinancialcrisis. B.Lackofthehabitofsaving.C.Highspendingonbasicnecessities. D.Limitedabilitytoearnmoney.10.WhichbestdescribesBenGlover'sfeelingaboutyoungpeople?A.Proud. B.Critical. C.Expectant. D.Sympathetic.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MoneySavedforaBetterLife B.ASimpleTruthAboutYoungPeopleC.NewOpinionsonMoneyManagement D.OurUnrealisticExpectationoftheYoung【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要分析當(dāng)下年輕人面臨的一個(gè)真實(shí)的生活現(xiàn)狀——買房難，并呼吁政府等相關(guān)部門努力合作來解決這個(gè)問題?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句話““Ifyouwanttoownahome,stopbuyingbrunch,"theysay.(他們說：“如果你想要一個(gè)家，就停止買早午餐”)”以及第二段第一句“Butitisnottastyfoodlikeavocado,fastfashionoreventravelabroadthat'sholdingagenerationbackfromachievingthosetraditionalmilestones-andwefinallyhavesomeevidencetoproveit.(但是不是像鱷梨一樣好吃東西，快速時(shí)尚，甚至出國(guó)旅游阻礙了一代人實(shí)現(xiàn)那些傳統(tǒng)的里程碑——我們最終找到了證據(jù)證明它)”可知，傳統(tǒng)的里程碑之一不是好吃的東西，也不是時(shí)尚或者出國(guó)旅游，而是指買房子。故選A。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Therealproblemliesinthefactthatyoungerpeopletendtohavehigherexpensewhenspendingonessentialscomparedtoouroldercounterparts(對(duì)應(yīng)的人)-andthathousepricesareatanall-timehigh.(真正的問題在于，年輕人在生活必需品上的花費(fèi)往往比年長(zhǎng)的人高，而房?jī)r(jià)也正處于歷史高位。)”可知，年輕人在生活必需品上高花費(fèi)導(dǎo)致年輕人經(jīng)濟(jì)困難。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Amidacostoflivingcrisis,youngerpeoplestillfacethegreatestbattlewiththehighestspendingonessentials,alackofsupportandasystemthatdoesn'tworkforthem.”(在一場(chǎng)生活成本危機(jī)中，年輕人仍然面臨著最大的斗爭(zhēng)，他們?cè)谏畋匦杵飞系闹С鲎罡撸狈χС郑殷w制不適合他們)”可知，BenGlover對(duì)年輕人是同情的。故選D。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段““Ifyouwanttoownahome,stopbuyingbrunch,"theysay.(他們說：“如果你想要一個(gè)家，就停止買早午餐”)”；以及第二段第一句“Butitisnottastyfoodlikeavocado,fastfashionoreventravelabroadthat'sholdingagenerationbackfromachievingthosetraditionalmilestones-andwefinallyhavesomeevidencetoproveit.(但是不是像鱷梨一樣好吃的東西，快速時(shí)尚，甚至出國(guó)旅游阻礙了一代人實(shí)現(xiàn)那些傳統(tǒng)的里程碑——我們最終找到了證據(jù)證明它)”；倒數(shù)第二段“Benalsosaysit'stimefortheGovernment,policymakersandfinancialinstitutionstourgentlyworktogethertohelpimproveyoungpeople'sfinancialwell-beingandprospects,especiallyafterthepandemic.(Ben還說政府，決策者和金融機(jī)構(gòu)是時(shí)候該緊急合作，幫助改善年輕人的財(cái)務(wù)狀況和前程了，尤其是在新冠疫情之后)”以及最后一段“Sothereweare:nothingtodowithavocado(所以：與鱷梨沒什么關(guān)系)”可知，本文由第一段引出下文要討論的話題，分析目前年輕人面對(duì)的一個(gè)真實(shí)的現(xiàn)狀——買房難。所以文章最好的標(biāo)題應(yīng)為關(guān)于年輕人的一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的事實(shí)。故選B。DWhitewasoneofthefirstcolorsusedinartinthe15thcentury,andonewouldthinkthatthereislittleroomlefttoimproveits'"whiteness".Itturnsoutthatisfarfromthecase.AteamofresearchersledbyXiulinRuan,aprofessoratPurdueThescientists,whospentsixyearscreatingtheworld's"whitestwhite"paint,claimthatthewhitepaintscurrentlyavailablemakesurfaceswarmerratherthancooler.That'sbecausetheyonlyreflect80to90percentofthesunlightandcannotmakesurfacescoolerthanthesurroundingtemperature.Thenewly-revealedultra-whitepaintnotonlyreflects98.1percentofsunlight,butalsopreventssurfaceinfrared(紅外線的)heatfrombeingabsorbed.“Ourpaintabsorbs1.9%ofsunlight,butthosecommercialpaintsabsorb10%ofthesunlight-fivetimesasmuchasourpaintabsorbs,"Dr.Ruansays."Theylookwhite,theyareprettywhite,buttheyaren'twhiteenoughthey'renotabletocoolbeyondthesurroundingtemperature.”O(jiān)utdoortestsofthenewpaintindicateditcouldkeepsurfaces5℃coolerthanthesurroundingtemperatureunderthestrongnoonsunlightandasmuchas10℃cooleratnight.“Wedidaveryroughcalculation,"Dr.Ruantoldanewsreporter."Andweestimatewewouldonlyneedtopaint1percentoftheEarth'ssurfacewiththispaint-perhapsanareawherenopeoplelivethatiscoveredinrocks-andthatcouldhelpfighttheclimatechangetrend.”However,HashemAkbari,professorofbuildingatConcordia12.Whatdoesthetextintendtotellus?A.Anewcolorhasbeenfound.B.Anewpainthasbeencreated.C.Climatechangeisundercontrol.DNewresearchiscausingargument.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inParagraph2referto?A.Thesurfaces. B.Thescientists.C.Thetraditionalpaints. D.Thetwokindsofcolors.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDr.Ruan'snewpaint?A.Itabsorbslesssunlight. B.Ithasbeenwidelyused.C.Itmakessurfaceswarmer. D.Itfunctionsonlyinthedaytime.15.WhatisHashem'sattitudetothenewpaint?A.Reserved. B.Optimistic. C.Disappointed. D.Uninterested.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種新型涂料，一些科學(xué)家相信這種新型涂料能幫助對(duì)抗氣候變化?！驹斀狻客评砼袛囝}。根據(jù)第一段中的“AteamofresearchersledbyXiulinRuan,aprofessoratPurdueUniversity,recentlyrevealedan'ultra-white"paintthattheybelievecouldevenhelpfightclimatechange.”(由普渡大學(xué)教授XiulinRuan帶領(lǐng)的一個(gè)研究小組最近發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種“超白”涂料，他們相信這種涂料甚至可以幫助對(duì)抗氣候變化。)可知，本文主要是想告訴我們一種新的涂料被創(chuàng)作出來了，故選B。2.指代猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Thescientists,whospentsixyearscreatingtheworld's"whitestwhite"paint,claimthatthewhitepaintscurrentlyavailablemakesurfaceswarmerratherthancooler.”(這些科學(xué)家花了六年時(shí)間創(chuàng)造了世界上“最白的白色涂料”，他們聲稱，目前可用的白色涂料使表面更溫暖，而不是更冷。)和劃線單詞所在的句子“That'sbecausetheyonlyreflect80to90percentofthesunlightandcannotmakesurfacescoolerthanthesurroundingtemperature.”(那是因?yàn)樗鼈冎荒芊瓷?0%到90%的陽(yáng)光，不能使表面比周圍的溫度更冷。)可知，劃線單詞所在的句子解釋了目前可用的白色涂料使表面更溫暖，而不是更冷的原因，所以可以推斷出，劃線單詞they(它們)指代的是上句話中提到的“thewhitepaintscurrentlyavailable”(目前可用的白色涂料)，即傳統(tǒng)涂料，故選C。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句話“Ourpaintabsorbs1.9%ofsunlight,butthosecommercialpaintsabsorb10%ofthesunlight-fivetimesasmuchasourpaintabsorbs,”(我們的涂料吸收1.9%的陽(yáng)光，但那些商業(yè)涂料吸收10%的陽(yáng)光，吸收陽(yáng)光的量是我們涂料的5倍)可知，Ruan博士的新型涂料吸收更少的太陽(yáng)光，故選A。4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句話“However,HashemAkbari,professorofbuildingatConcordiaUniversity,believesthepaint'srealbenefitscanonlybeprovedafterbeinginuseforafewyears.”(然而，Concordiav大學(xué)建筑學(xué)教授HashemAkbari認(rèn)為，這種涂料的真正好處只有在使用幾年后才能得到證明。)可知，Hashem對(duì)這種新型涂料的態(tài)度是有所保留的，A選項(xiàng)“Reserved”(保留的)符合，B.Optimistic樂觀的；C.Disappointed失望的；D.Uninterested漠不關(guān)心的，均不符合，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Notmanypeoplehaveanemergencyfundeventhoughitisessential.Itwillbecomeyourfinancialbuffer(緩沖)incasesomethingunexpectedoccurs.____16____Youcanonedaytellyourselfyou’llfinallystartsavingup,butwiththebillsyouneedtopayandtheotherneedsyoumustconsider,yourplanmightfail.Hereareafewaspectsforyoutoconsiderwhenyouwishtosucceedinsavingyourrainydayfund.Usually,itissuggestedthatyousaveatotalofthreetosixmonths’worthofexpenses.____17____Andifyougetoverwhelmedbytheamountyouneedtosave,youmightbecomediscouragedandfail.Tosettletheissue,forgetaboutthatsuggestion.Youshoulddecidehowmuchyouwanttosaveinitially.Forinstance,youcanjuststartwithonemonth'sworthofexpenses.____18____Budgetingisalsoimportantifyouwanttobefinanciallyhealthy.Notewhatexpensesarenon-negotiable,suchasyourlivingexpensesandfood.____19____It'snotbadtospoilyourselfsometimes,aslongasthepriceisreasonablerelativetoyourcurrentfinancialsituation.____20____Forinstance,thosewhowishtopursuehighereducationwillneedtobudgetandsaveupfortheirschoolexpenses.Eveniftheygotoanaffordableeducationalinstitution,otherschool-relatedexpensescanstillbequitealot.So,knowinghowtobudgetwillhelpthemsurviveschoolwithoutfallingmuchintodebt.A.Therefore,youneedtofindawaytodealwithit.B.Budgetingcanhelpimproveyouracademicperformance.C.Andwhenyouachievethat,thenyoucansetahighergoal.D.However,savinganemergencyfundiseasiersaidthandone.E.Setasidesomemoneyforsomenon-essentialexpensesaswell.F.Butit'snotthateasytosetasidesuchahugeamountallofasudden.G.Learninghowtobudgetwillbeusefulinotherareasofyourlifeaswell.【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.E20.G【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要講述儲(chǔ)蓄應(yīng)急基金很重要，并告訴讀者應(yīng)如何去做?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Itwillbecomeyourfinancialbuffer(緩沖)incasesomethingunexpectedoccurs.(它會(huì)成為你的財(cái)務(wù)緩沖，以防意外發(fā)生)”以及下文“Youcanonedaytellyourselfyou'llfinallystartsavingup,butwiththebillsyouneedtopayandtheotherneedsyoumustconsider,yourplanmightfail.(你有一天告訴自己，你終于開始存錢了，但是有那么多賬單要付還有其他一些事情需要考慮，你的存錢計(jì)劃可能會(huì)失敗)”可知，空格處應(yīng)填承上啟下，知道存錢的好處，但是說起來容易做起來難；選項(xiàng)D.However,savinganemergencyfundiseasiersaidthandone.(然而，儲(chǔ)蓄應(yīng)急基金說起來容易做起來難)正好承接上文并引出下文。故選D。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Usually,itissuggestedthatyousaveatotalofthreetosixmonths'worthofexpenses.(通常情況下，建議儲(chǔ)存三到六個(gè)月的花費(fèi)的基金)”可知，空格處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步描述存這筆錢時(shí)會(huì)遇到的問題；選項(xiàng)F.Butit'snotthateasytosetasidesuchahugeamountallofasudden.(但是突然間儲(chǔ)存這么一大筆錢不是那么容易)銜接上文，其中“suchahugeamount”指代上文“atotalofthreetosixmonths'worthofexpenses”。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youshoulddecidehowmuchyouwanttosaveinitially.Forinstance,youcanjuststartwithonemonth'sworthofexpenses(你應(yīng)該決定好你最初想要存多少錢。例如，你可以從存一個(gè)月的開支開始)”可知，空格處應(yīng)描述接下來該怎么做；選項(xiàng)C.Andwhenyouachievethat,thenyoucansetahighergoal.(當(dāng)你實(shí)現(xiàn)那個(gè)目標(biāo)后你可以設(shè)立更高的目標(biāo))正好銜接上文，且“that”指代上文“startwithonemonth’sworthofexpenses”。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“It’snotbadtospoilyourselfsometimes,aslongasthepriceisreasonablerelativetoyourcurrentfinancialsituation.(偶爾放縱下自己也不錯(cuò)，只要根據(jù)你目前的財(cái)務(wù)狀況，這個(gè)價(jià)格是合理的)”可知，空格處應(yīng)描述，要留些錢偶爾犒勞下自己；選項(xiàng)E.Setasidesomemoneyforsomenon-essentialexpensesaswell.(也要留一些不必要開銷的錢)引出下文。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Forinstance,thosewhowishtopursuehighereducationwillneedtobudgetandsaveupfortheirschoolexpenses.(例如，那些想要追求高等教育的人需要做預(yù)算并為他們的學(xué)費(fèi)節(jié)省開支)”可知，空格處應(yīng)總領(lǐng)本段，講述要學(xué)會(huì)做預(yù)算；選項(xiàng)G.Learninghowtobudgetwillbeusefulinotherareasofyourlifeaswell.(學(xué)習(xí)如何做預(yù)算對(duì)你生活的其他方面也是有用的)引出下文，其中“Learninghowtobudget”銜接下文“needtobudget”。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空格處的最佳選項(xiàng)。PaigeWinterstoodinwaist-deepwaterwhenasharksuddenlyappearedandpounced(猛撲)onherjustthreefeetfromher____21____CharlieWinter,afirefighterandformerMarine.The17-year-oldsufferedsevereinjuriesfromthe____22____earlierthismonthatNorthCarolina’sFort“I____23____wherePaigewasandtherewasnoPaige,”Charlierecalledinaninterviewbyalocalnewspaper.“Paigewasunderwater,buttherewaspinkonthewater.IwentstraighttowherethepinkwasandI____24____andIgrabbedher.WhenIpulledherup,ashark____25____withher—itwasabigoneandI____26____startedtohitit.IhititwitheverythingIcouldand____27____itletgo.”ButPaigewasthereal____28____.Bothherhandswerebadlyinjuredwhiletryingtoforceopentheshark’s____29____andherleftleghadtobeamputated(截肢),thigh-high.Unprovoked(無端的)sharkattackslikethisare_____30_____.Therewere66ofthemworldwidelastyear,causingfourdeaths.ButevenmorerareisPaige’s_____31_____:noscreaming,nocryingandnoself-pity.“I’mstillPaige”shesaid.“Justalittle_____32_____.IwantpeopletoseeI’mdoingalrightandI’mstillgoingtodothestufftheycando.IthinkIcan_____33_____thisintosomethinggoodforme,goodforsharksandgoodfortheenvironmenttoo,”shesaid.Charlietoldthereporterthathecouldn’tbe_____34_____.Hesaid,“Thesharktookmydaughter’s_____35_____.Itdidnottakeherspirit.”21.A.brother B.friend C.father D.coach22.A.attack B.wave C.swim D.storm23.A.pointedat B.escapedfrom C.headedfor D.turnedto24.A.dived B.hid C.struggled D.fought25.A.swamaway B.gotalong C.cameup D.laydown26.A.unexpectedly B.immediately C.hesitantly D.cautiously27.A.unconsciously B.undoubtedly C.curiously D.eventually28.A.swimmer B.fighter C.patient D.victim29.A.eyes B.jaws C.body D.head30A.scary B.serious C.uncommon D.informal31.A.attitude B.decision C.injury D.experience32.A.different B.lucky C.depressed D.confused33.A.throw B.divide C.drive D.transform34.A.sadder B.faster C.prouder D.better35.A.holiday B.hobby C.life D.leg【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.C26.B27.D28.B29.B30.C31.A32.A33.D34.C35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要講述Paige在水中遭遇鯊魚襲擊，雖然她受傷很嚴(yán)重，未來要面臨很多挑戰(zhàn)，但是她對(duì)于自己的未來表現(xiàn)得非常積極和樂觀。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：PaigeWinter站在齊腰深的水中，一只鱷魚突然出現(xiàn)，就在離她父親CharlieWinter，一個(gè)消防員和前海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)員，三英尺遠(yuǎn)的地方猛撲向她。A.brother弟弟，哥哥；B.friend朋友；C.father父親；D.coach教練。根據(jù)最后一段“Hesaid,“Thesharktookmydaughter’s____15____.Itdidnottakeherspirit.”(他說：“這只鯊魚帶走了我女兒的腿。但是帶不走她的精神”)”可知，Charlie是她的父親。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)17歲的孩子因?yàn)楸驹略缧r(shí)候在北卡羅來納州的麥肯堡州立公園的這次襲擊受了很嚴(yán)重的傷。A.attack攻擊，襲擊；B.wave揮手，波浪；C.swim游泳；D.storm暴風(fēng)雨。根據(jù)上文“PaigeWinterstoodinwaist-deepwaterwhenasharksuddenlyappearedandpounced(猛撲)onherjustthreefeetfromher____1____CharlieWinter,afirefighterandformerMarine.(PaigeWinter站在齊腰深的水中，一只鱷魚突然出現(xiàn)，就在離她父親CharlieWinter，一個(gè)消防員和前海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)員，三英尺遠(yuǎn)的地方猛撲向她)”和下文的“Unprovoked(無端的)sharkattackslikethis”可知，此處指受鯊魚襲擊。故選A。23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：查理在當(dāng)?shù)匾患覉?bào)紙的采訪中回憶說：“我轉(zhuǎn)向Paige所在的地方，Paige卻沒有了蹤影”。A.pointedat指向；B.escapedfrom逃離；C.headedfor朝向；D.turnedto轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于。根據(jù)空格后“wherePaigewas”可知，此處指Charlie轉(zhuǎn)向Paige所在的地方。故選D。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我直接走向粉色的地方，潛入水中抓住她。A.dived潛水；B.hid躲藏；C.struggled奮斗；D.fought戰(zhàn)斗。根據(jù)上文“Paigewasunderwater,buttherewaspinkonthewater.(Paige在水下，但是水面上都是粉色)”可知，Paige在水下，所以Charlie潛入水中。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我把她拉上來的時(shí)候，一只鯊魚跟在后面游上來——這是一只非常大的鯊魚，我立刻開始擊打它。A.swamaway游走；B.gotalong相處，進(jìn)展；C.cameup上來，被提出；D.laydown躺下。根據(jù)空格前后可知，此處表示一只大鯊魚跟在后面游上來。故選C。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我把她拉上來的時(shí)候，一只鯊魚跟在后面游上來——這是一只非常大的鯊魚，我立刻開始擊打它。A.unexpectedly出乎意料地；B.immediately立刻，馬上；C.hesitantly猶豫不決地；D.cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地。根據(jù)上下文可知，Charlie女兒被鯊魚襲擊了，鯊魚跟了上來，此處指Charlie立刻開始擊打鯊魚。故選B。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我用盡一切辦法打它，最終它放手了。A.unconsciously無意識(shí)地；B.undoubtedly毫不懷疑地；C.curiously好奇地；D.eventually最終。根據(jù)前半句“IhititwitheverythingIcould”可知，Charlie用盡一切辦法擊打鯊魚，鯊魚最終走開了。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是Paige是真正的戰(zhàn)士。A.swimmer游泳（愛好）者；B.fighter戰(zhàn)士；C.patient病人；D.victim受害者。根據(jù)下文“Bothherhandswerebadlyinjuredwhiletryingtoforceopentheshark’s____9____andherleftleghadtobeamputated(截肢),thigh-high.(當(dāng)她盡力打開鯊魚的嘴時(shí)，她的雙手嚴(yán)重受傷，而且她的腿不得不截肢，高至大腿)”可知，Paige勇敢地和鯊魚斗爭(zhēng)，是個(gè)真正的戰(zhàn)士。故選B。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她盡力打開鯊魚的嘴時(shí)，她的雙手嚴(yán)重受傷，而且她的腿不得不截肢，高至大腿。A.eyes眼睛；B.jaws口，下顎；C.body身體；D.head頭。根據(jù)上下文可知，這里指她努力掰開鯊魚的嘴。故選B。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：像這樣無端的鯊魚襲擊事件是不常見的。A.scary令人害怕的；B.serious嚴(yán)重的；C.uncommon不常見的；D.informal非正式的。根據(jù)下文“Therewere66ofthemworldwidelastyear,causingfourdeaths.ButevenmorerareisPaige’s____11____:noscreaming,nocryingandnoself-pity.(去年全世界范圍內(nèi)有66起，導(dǎo)致4人死亡。但是更罕見的是Paige的態(tài)度：不尖叫，不哭泣，不自哀自憐)”可知，像這樣無端的鯊魚襲擊事件是不常見的。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年全世界范圍內(nèi)有66起，導(dǎo)致4人死亡。但是更罕見的是Paige的態(tài)度：不尖叫，不哭泣，不自哀自憐。A.attitude態(tài)度；B.decision決定；C.injury受傷；D.experience經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)空格后“noscreaming,nocryingandnoself-pity”可知，這是Paige對(duì)待這件事的態(tài)度。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“只是有一點(diǎn)不同。我想讓人們看到我做得很好，而且我還是會(huì)做他們能做的事。我想我可以把它變成對(duì)我有好處，對(duì)鯊魚有好處，也對(duì)環(huán)境有好處的東西，”她說。A.different不同的；B.lucky幸運(yùn)的；C.depressed沮喪的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)下文可知，Paige雖然受了很嚴(yán)重的傷，但是她仍然積極面對(duì)生活。所以說Paige仍然是Paige，但是也有不同。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“只是有一點(diǎn)不同。我想讓人們看到我做得很好，而且我還是會(huì)做他們能做的事。我想我可以把它變成對(duì)我有好處，對(duì)鯊魚有好處，也對(duì)環(huán)境有好處的東西，”她說。A.throw扔；B.divide劃分；C.drive開車；D.transform改變，transform…into…表示“把……轉(zhuǎn)變成……”。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示把壞事轉(zhuǎn)變成好事。故選D。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Charlie告訴記者他非常驕傲。A.sadder更難過的；B.faster更快速的；C.prouder更驕傲的；D.better更好的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，“否定詞+比較級(jí)”表達(dá)最高級(jí)的含義，根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表示Charlie感到非常驕傲。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他說：“這只鯊魚帶走了我女兒的腿。但是帶不走她的精神”。A.holiday假期；B.hobby愛好；C.life生命；D.leg腿。根據(jù)上文“Bothherhandswerebadlyinjuredwhiletryingtoforceopentheshark’s____9____andherleftleghadtobeamputated(截肢),thigh-high.(當(dāng)她盡力打開鯊魚的嘴時(shí)，她的雙手嚴(yán)重受傷，而且她的腿不得不截肢，高至大腿)”可知，鯊魚帶走的是她女兒的腿。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Earlierthisyear,Chinalaunchedathree-personcrewforasix-monthmissionaboarditsspacestation.Themissionaimedtoset____36____newrecordforthelengthoftime____37____(spend)inspacebyChineseastronauts.TheShenzhou-13spaceship____38____(carry)thethreeastronautswaslaunchedbyaLongMarch-2Frocketat12:25a.m.onOct.16th.Thenewcrew____39____(include)twoveteransofspacetravel:ZhaiZhigangandWangYaping,theonlywomanonthemission,andYeGuangfu,____40____madehisfirsttriptospace.Theirscheduled____41____(activity)mainlyconsistedofuptothreespacewalkstoinstallequipmentinpreparation____42____expandingthestation,assessinglivingconditionsinthemoduleandconductingexperimentsinspacemedicineandotherfields.China'sspaceprogramplanstosendmultiplecrewstothestationoverthenextfewyearstomakeit____43____(full)functional.Shenzhou-13wasthefifthmissiontothestation,includingtripswithoutcrews____44____(deliver)supplies.ThesamedayChinarenewedits____45____(commit)tocooperationwithothernationsinthepeacefuluseofspace.【答案】36.a37.spent38.carrying39.included40.who41.activities42.for43.fully44.todeliver45.commitment【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講的是今年早些時(shí)候，中國(guó)發(fā)射了三名宇航員，他們將在空間站執(zhí)行為期六個(gè)月的任務(wù)。【36題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：此次任務(wù)旨在創(chuàng)造中國(guó)宇航員在太空停留時(shí)間的新紀(jì)錄。record是可數(shù)名詞，此處表泛指，前面需加不定冠詞，new是輔音音素開頭，因此不定冠詞用a，故填a?！?7題詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：此次任務(wù)旨在創(chuàng)造中國(guó)宇航員在太空停留時(shí)間的新紀(jì)錄。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中謂語(yǔ)是aimed，空格處用非謂語(yǔ)形式，time和spend之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此空格處用過去分詞spent表被動(dòng)，故填spent。【38題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：10月16日凌晨12點(diǎn)25分，搭載三名宇航員的神舟十三號(hào)宇宙飛船由長(zhǎng)征二號(hào)f型火箭發(fā)射升空。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中謂語(yǔ)是waslaunched，空格處用非謂語(yǔ)形式，spaceship和carry之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，故填carrying?！?9題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：新成員包括兩名太空旅行的老兵:翟志剛和王亞平(此次任務(wù)中唯一的女性)，以及第一次太空之旅的葉光復(fù)。通篇時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，因此空格處用過去式included，故填included?！?0題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：新成員包括兩名太空旅行的老兵:翟志剛和王亞平(此次任務(wù)中唯一的女性)，以及第一次太空之旅的葉光復(fù)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，先行詞YeGuangfu是人，因此空格處用關(guān)系代詞who，故填who。【41題詳解】考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：他們預(yù)定的活動(dòng)主要包括多達(dá)三次的太空行走，以安裝設(shè)備，為擴(kuò)大空間站做準(zhǔn)備，評(píng)估艙內(nèi)的生活條件，并進(jìn)行空間醫(yī)學(xué)和其他領(lǐng)域的實(shí)驗(yàn)。activity是可數(shù)名詞，前面無冠詞，空格處用復(fù)