Lesson30FootballorPolo?Football中文意譯為“足球”它足球運(yùn)動(dòng)或足球比賽的簡(jiǎn)稱。當(dāng)然它也指足球比賽中的用球。足球運(yùn)動(dòng)是一項(xiàng)古老的體育活動(dòng)，源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)。最早起源于中國(guó)漢代的一種球類游戲“蹴鞠”，后來(lái)經(jīng)過(guò)阿拉伯人傳到歐洲，發(fā)展成現(xiàn)代足球。不少國(guó)家將足球定為“國(guó)球”。而Football在北美地區(qū)則指的是橄欖球并且對(duì)足球有另一個(gè)稱謂：Soccer。水球（Waterpolo）是一種在水中進(jìn)行的集體球類運(yùn)動(dòng)，是一項(xiàng)結(jié)合游泳，手球，籃球的運(yùn)動(dòng)。比賽的目的類似于足球，以射入對(duì)方球門(mén)次數(shù)多的一方為勝。水球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽時(shí)以游泳的方式運(yùn)動(dòng)，除守門(mén)員外兩手同時(shí)握球是一種犯規(guī)行為。Polo它起源于19世紀(jì)中葉的英國(guó)。最初是人們游泳時(shí)在水中傳擲足球的一種娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)，故有“水上足球”之稱，后逐漸形成兩隊(duì)之間的競(jìng)技水球運(yùn)動(dòng)。1869年英國(guó)出現(xiàn)用小旗標(biāo)定邊線和球門(mén)的水球比賽。1877年英格蘭伯頓俱樂(lè)部聘請(qǐng)威爾森制定了世界上第1部水球競(jìng)賽規(guī)則。1879年出現(xiàn)了有球門(mén)的水球比賽。1885年英國(guó)游泳協(xié)會(huì)將水球列為單獨(dú)比賽項(xiàng)目。水球運(yùn)動(dòng)從1973年開(kāi)始舉辦世界水球錦標(biāo)賽，1979年國(guó)際業(yè)余游泳聯(lián)合會(huì)舉辦了第1屆女子水球世界杯賽。1986年舉行的第5屆世界游泳錦標(biāo)賽將女子水球列為正式比賽項(xiàng)目。水球運(yùn)動(dòng)在20世紀(jì)20年代傳入中國(guó)的香港至廣東一帶。加拿大、荷蘭、美國(guó)、澳大利亞、德國(guó)等國(guó)家開(kāi)展得比較好，水平較高。中國(guó)水球隊(duì)曾在第8、9、10屆亞運(yùn)會(huì)上連續(xù)獲得冠軍，在第23屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得了第9名。HistoryofpoloDoyoulikeballgames?soccerballbasketballbaseballping-pongbatbadmintonracketshuttlecock毽球polo/5p[Jl[J/Wayle/weIl/cut/kQt/row/r[J/kick/kIk/towards/t[5wC:dz/nearly/5nI[li/sight/saIt/Newwordspolo/5p[Jl[J/

n.水球Wayle/weIl/

n.

威爾（河名）cut/kQt/(cut,cut)v.穿過(guò)row/r[J/

v.劃（船）kick/kIk/

v.踢towards/t[5wC:dz/

prep.朝，向nearly/5nI[li/

adv.幾乎sight/saIt/

n.眼界，視域NewwordsandexpressionspoloPoloisagameplayedtwoteamsofplayers.Theplayerspasstheballinwater.e.gFootballorpolo,whcihonedoyoulike?WayleThenameofariver.cutIfyoucutacrossorthroughaplace,yougothroughitbecauseitistheshortestroutetoanotherplace.e.gTheWayleisasmallriverthatcutsacrosstheparknearmyhome.cutincutthroughcutawaycutback

cutdowncutout

cutoff

cutup

插嘴

切下

砍倒，減少切斷抄近路縮減刪掉，裁剪切碎rowWhenyourow,yousitinaboatandmakeitmovethroughthewaterbyusingoars.Ifyourowsomeonesomewhere,youtakethemthereinaboat,usingoars.e.gTheyrowasquicklyastheycan.

row1)n.一排，一行，eg:Theboywassittinginthefirstrow.這個(gè)小男孩坐在第一排。inarow排成一排;連續(xù)的eg:Childrenwerestandinghandinhandinarow.孩子們手拉手的站成一排。Hehasbeenabsentfor5yearsinarow.他已經(jīng)連續(xù)五天缺席了。row橫行l(wèi)ine豎排2)V.劃船例：Canyourowaboat?你會(huì)劃船嗎？Theyrowedacrosstherive。他們劃過(guò)了這條河。3)n劃船運(yùn)動(dòng)goforarow去劃船goforawalk去散步4)row/rau/爭(zhēng)吵rowwithsb與...爭(zhēng)吵eg：What'stherowabout?到底在吵什么呢？makearow／kickuparow起哄，大吵大鬧

kickIfyoukicksomeoneorsomething,youhitthemforcefullywithyourfoot.e.gHekickedthedoor.kick

1)v.踢kicksb/sthwiththefoot踢kicktheball踢kickaholeinthedoor在門(mén)上踢了一個(gè)洞Becarefulofthathorse-itoftenkicks.小心這匹馬，它常踢人。(諺)Kickamanwhenheisdown.落井下石2)vt.虐待，欺負(fù)eg:Theboyisalwayskickinghisyoungerbrotherabout.這個(gè)小男孩總是欺負(fù)他弟弟。kick腳踢punch拳打towardsInthedirectionofsomething.e.gTheywalkedtowardstheschool.toward(s)prep.朝…方向?qū)Γū黻P(guān)系），接近（表時(shí)間），有...趨勢(shì)eg：Hewalkedtowardsthedoor.他朝門(mén)走過(guò)來(lái)。Hisattitudetowardsmehaschanged.他對(duì)我的態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變了。Towardstheendofthegameshefellasleep.臨近比賽結(jié)束時(shí)，她睡著了。towards只能表示朝著目標(biāo)移動(dòng)（強(qiáng)調(diào)越來(lái)越近）eg：WedrovetowardsBeijing.我們向北京方向開(kāi)去。to含有到達(dá)的含義eg：WedrovetoBeijing.我們開(kāi)車到了北京。

nearlyalmost，notquiete.gIt'snearly2o'clock.

nearly

adv.大約，接近，差不多eg：It'snearly2o'clock.Thatcarnearlyranoveradog.那輛車差點(diǎn)撞到一條狗。almost與nearly最接近，但almost可與nobody，nothing，nowhere，never連用nearly則不能。about在超過(guò)或沒(méi)有超過(guò)某標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的兩種情況下，均可使用，但almost，nearly用于接近單位達(dá)到某標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的情況。sight1.theabilitytosee.e.gYouareluckytohaveagoodsight.2.somethingthatyousee.e.gHewasafunnysightinthathat.sightn.1)視力，視覺(jué)loseone'ssight=(becomeblind)far-sightednear-sightedshort-sightedlong-sighted諺：Outofsight，Outofmind.失明遠(yuǎn)視的近視的目光短淺的目光長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的眼不見(jiàn)，心不煩atthesightof—看至到(seeing)Welaughedatthesightofherstrangeclothes.我們一見(jiàn)她的奇裝異服就笑了。Hefellinlovewiththegirlatthefirstsight.他對(duì)那女孩子一見(jiàn)鐘情。2)視界，視野insight在視野之內(nèi)outofsight在視野之外eg：Thetrainisstillinsight.火車還看得見(jiàn)。Getoutofmysight.滾開(kāi)!=(Getout!)=Getoutofhere!TheWayleQ1:WhatwastheweatherlikelastSunday?Q2:Whatwerethechildrendoing?Q3:Whathappenedtothemanintheboat?Look,listenandanswerPleaselistentothetapeandanswermyquestions:Whatdoyoulikedoingonfineafternoons?Whatweresomechildrendoing?Whydidhenearlyfallintothewater?

IlikesittingbytheWayleonfineafternoons.Somechildrenwereplayinggamesonthebank.

Becausehedidn’thearthepeoplecalled.TheWayleisasmallriverthat____acrosstheparknearmyhome.I____sittingbytheWayleonfineafternoons.ItwaswarmlastSunday,soI____and____ontheriverbankasusual.Somechildrenwere_______gamesonthebankandthereweresomepeople_______ontheriver.Suddenly,oneofthechildren______aballveryhardandit_____towardsapassingboat.Somepeopleonthebank_____outtothemanintheboat,buthedidnot_____them.Theball______himsohardthathenearly____intothewater.I______to_____atthechildren,butthereweren'tanyinsight:theyhadall_____away!Theman________whenhe________whathad_________.He______outtothechildrenand_____theballbacktothebank.cutslikewentsatplayingrowingkickedwentcalledhearstruckfellturnedlookrunlaughedrealizedhappenedcalledthrewFillintheblanks2

Let’sanalysisthispassagetogether:Thebackgroundofthisstory:TheWale---river---acrosstheparklike---bytheWale---fineWarm---Sunday---went---asusualThemainpartofit:Children---games---people---riversuddenly---ball---passingboatPeople---called---man---nothearball---sohard---nearly---fellHowdidhefeel?Turned---children–runawaymanlaughed---realizedcalled---threw---backtextTheWayleisasmallriverthatcutsacrosstheparknearmyhome.IlikesittingbytheWayleonfineafternoons.ItwaswarmlastSunday,soIwentandsatontheriverbankasusual.Somechildrenwereplayinggamesonthebankandthereweresomepeoplerowingontheriver.Suddenly,oneofthechildrenkickedaballveryhardanditwenttowardsapassingboat.Somepeopleonthebankcalledouttothemanintheboat,buthedidnothearthem.Theballstruckhimsohardthathenearlyfellintothewater.Iturnedtolookatthechildren,butthereweren'tanyinsight:theyhadallrunaway!Themanlaughedwhenherealizedwhathadhappened.Hecalledouttothechildrenandthrewtheballbacktothebank.TheWayleisasmallriverthatcutsacrosstheparknearmyhome.1.定語(yǔ)從句that/which修飾物的關(guān)系代詞nearadj./prep‘在附近”(含糊)nearby1)adj.附近的anearbytown/atownnearby附近的村莊2)adv.附近地例：myparentslivenearby.我的父母親住在附近。IlikesittingbytheWayleonfineafternoons.

_____acoldwintermorning_____onecoldmorning_____Sundaymorning_____Teacher’sDayprep.在...旁邊ItwaswarmlastSunday,soIwentandsatontheriverbankasusual.asusualthanusualasbeforethanbefore像平（往）常一樣比平常像以前比以前Somechildrenwereplayinggamesonthebankandthereweresomepeoplerowingontheriver.用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)描述故事背景rowing現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨狀語(yǔ)Suddenly,oneofthechildrenkickedaballveryhardanditwenttowardsapassingboat.Somepeopleonthebankcalledouttothemanintheboat,buthedidnothearthem.

callout大聲呼叫，叫喊Iheardsomeonecallingoutforhelp.

callouttosb.對(duì)……大聲喊Marycalledouttoherfather,buthewastoofarawayandcouldn’thearher.

yellat對(duì)……大吼大叫

Don'tyellatme.Theballstruckhimsohardthathenearlyfellintothewater.strike-struck---struckSO+adj/adv.+thatsuch+n.thatTheactorissofamousthateveryoneknowshim.Heissuchafamousactorthateveryoneknowshim.如此...以至于Iturnedtolookatthechildren,butthereweren'tanyinsight:theyhadallrunaway!turnto...轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)；翻到...（頁(yè)）;sb向...求助thereweren'tanyinsight=therewerealloutofsightrunaway逃跑runafter追趕Themanlaughedwhenherealizedwhathappened.when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句I'mcookingdinnerwhentheycamehome.laugh大聲地笑出聲地笑smile微笑happen表示偶然事件發(fā)生（無(wú)被動(dòng)）1.cutacross橫穿2.onfineafternoons天氣晴朗的下午

onSaturdaymorning/afternoon/evening

當(dāng)morning,afternoon,evening前面或后面有修飾詞時(shí)，用介詞on3.asusual像往常一樣4.callouttothemanintheboat對(duì)船上的人高喊

callouttosb.對(duì)某人高喊5.insight可以看到Theplaneisinmysight.outofsight看不到Thebirdisoutofmysight.Wordsandphrases6.so+adj./adv.+that：如此……以至于……eg:Theballstruckhimso

hard

thathenearlyfellintotheriver.Theboxisso

heavy

thatIcan’tliftit.Heranso

quicklythatnoonecouldcatchhim.Wordsandphrases浙江省金華市下轄縣級(jí)市Grammarinusethe

anySomeAnyTheGrammarinuseSomeSomeAnysome在表示邀請(qǐng)的語(yǔ)氣中可以取代any:Doyouwantanydrink?你想要喝點(diǎn)什么嗎?(不一定愿意給別人喝)Doyouwantsome?你想要一些嗎？（愿意給別人喝，表示邀請(qǐng)）Some不用于否定句，只用于肯定句中。Therearesomeapplesinthebox.any通常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。Isthereanymilkinthebottle?瓶子里有牛奶嗎？Thereisn’tanymilkinthebottle.瓶子里沒(méi)有牛奶。Grammarinuse

TheGrammarinuse1234特指加the在海洋、河流、湖海、山脈前加the在方位詞前加the

The+單數(shù)名詞表類別TheGrammarinuse567專用名詞加the

樂(lè)器前面加the獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物加the在序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)前加the8Grammarinuse91011姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前加the表示一家人年代名詞前加the

階級(jí)黨派分類前加the有些固定搭配要加the12Grammarinuse131415

打某人的某個(gè)部位加theThe+形容詞比較級(jí)The+形容詞表示具備該特征的一類人

by+the+單數(shù)數(shù)量詞，表示“以….為計(jì)”16Grammarinuse12TheAtlantic;TheYellowRiver;TheMediterranean地中海；theHimalayas喜馬拉雅山3Inthesouthof：在南部；thewest西部；ontheleft,ontheright.Peterwentintoaclassroomtwominutesago.Theclassroomwassoquiet.（前面提到過(guò)classroom,第二次用classroom時(shí)加the）

ThebagIboughtyesterdayisblue.Grammarinuse45theGreatWall

6Playtheguitar.注意：如果樂(lè)器是以拼音命名的中國(guó)樂(lè)器，剛不加the.Playerhu.彈二胡Thehorseisausefulanimal.馬是有用的動(dòng)物。

Grammarinuse78thesecondthebiggest9theearththeworldthesun.theBushes布什一家theWangs王姓一家Grammarinuse1011TheCommunistPartyofChina:中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨；theDemocraticParty民主黨

12inthe90s.在90年代intheend.最終Grammarinuse1314Thesooner,thebetter.越快越好。15IhitTomonthenose.（或inthenose）我打中了湯姆的鼻子。themissing失蹤的人；theweak弱者Grammarinuse1617theUnitedStates;TheUnitedKingdom;thePeople’sRepublicofChina17bythesecond以秒計(jì)；bythemonth以月計(jì)TheUSA;theUK;ThePhilippines;TheCongo;TheNetherlands

Congo['k??g?u]

一、根據(jù)句意和漢語(yǔ)提示用適當(dāng)形式填空1.He______theballintotheriver.（踢）2.Weare______ready,pleasewaitforamoment.（幾乎）3.Theirbehavior_______meshowsthattheydonotlikeme.（朝，向）4.Thechildrenareveryexcitedatfirst_____ofelephant.（看見(jiàn)）5.He____thecakeintopiecesandgaveeachofusapiece.（切）6.Theytriedto____thesmallboatoffwithapaddle.（劃）7.Don’t_____theoldbottleaway.Itmaybeuseful.（扔）8.Thatdogwas_______hardbythestonesandranaway.（打）kickednearlytowardssightcutrowthrowstruckExercise二、選用a,an,the,some或any填空（不用填的空用“/”表示）

1.Germanyis

EuropeancountryandJapanis

Asiancountry.2.Ilikeplaying

footballwhilemysisterlikesplaying

piano.3.Indiais

oldcountrywith

longhistory.4.

elephantisbiggerthan

horse.5.Haveyouevercrossed

Pacificor

Atlantic?6.Thereis

pictureon

wall.Ilike

pictureverymuch.7.Trytogivemeaticketifthereare

.8.—Arethere

booksonthedesk?—Yes,thereare

.9.Idon’tknow

ofthem.10.—Wouldyoulike

tea?—Thankyou,butI’dlike

coffee.aan/theanaAnathetheathethesomeanysome.anysomesomeExercise三、單項(xiàng)選擇1.OnSundayafternoon,Harryalwaysplayswithhisclassmates

theriverbank.A.atB.