高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省駐馬店市2025-2026學年高一上學期新生入學考試英語試題一、聽力理解（略）二、閱讀理解（本大題共2節(jié)，20小題，每小題2.5分，共50分）AIntheTVseries“IntheNameofthePeople”,wecanseemanyprotagonistswithdistinctpersonalities(鮮明的個性).Inferiority(自卑)andconceit(自負)coexist:QiTongwei.Beingpoor,heisnotveryconfident.Helongstoclimbtothetop,isunwillingtobowdown,isflexible(能屈能伸),andwillstopatnothingtopursuepower.Oncehemakesadecision,hewillnothesitatetoactonit.Integrity(廉潔)-Pursuitofpoliticalachievements(熱愛政績),LiDakang.LiDakangtendstoactarbitrarilyanddictateshisownwayofdoingthings.Hefindsitdifficulttotoleratedissentingopinionsfromhissubordinates.Hisworkstyleissimplisticandcrude,andhelackspatienceandtolerance(關心和包容)towardshissubordinates.Brave,tenacious,upright,andselfless,HouLiangping.Hepossessesgreatcourageandperseverance,daringtochallengecorruptindividualswhoholdhighpositionsandwieldgreatpower.InthecomplexpoliticalenvironmentofHandong,facingthepowerfulforcesofZhaoRuilongandothers,HouLiangpingdidnotbackdown,firmlypushingforwardtheanti-corruptionwork,andnevercompromisingevenwhenfacinglifethreats.Inthemoderneraofever-advancingsociety,thecrackdownonorganizedcrimerepresentsthecollectivedeterminationandpurposeofallparties,whileupholdingfairnessandjusticeservesasthedrivingforceforsustainedsocialdevelopment.1.WhichofthefollowingcharacterimagesbestfitsQiTongwei?A.Canbendorunbend. B.Impartialandhonest.C.Corrupt. D.Skilledatdisguising.2.WhattypeofTVseriesdoesthisbelongto?A.Comedy. B.Tragedy.C.Anti-corruptiondrama. D.Ruraldrama.3.Whataretherolesofthesethreecharactersbasedon?A.Opposecorruption,upholdfairnessandintegrity.B.Ancientpalaceintrigue,imperialconcubinesvyingforfavor.C.Modernworkplace,noviceworking.D.Familyconflicts,educationalconflicts.【答案】1.A2.C3.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了電視劇《人民的名義》中三個主要角色?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Inferiority(自卑)andconceit(自負)coexist:QiTongwei.部分的“Helongstoclimbtothetop,isunwillingtobowdown,isflexible(能屈能伸),andwillstopatnothingtopursuepower.(他不甘屈居人下、能屈能伸，為追逐權力不擇手段，一旦做出決定便會果斷付諸行動)”可知，祁同偉能屈能伸。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Brave,tenacious,upright,andselfless,HouLiangping.部分的“Hepossessesgreatcourageandperseverance,daringtochallengecorruptindividualswhoholdhighpositionsandwieldgreatpower.InthecomplexpoliticalenvironmentofHandong,facingthepowerfulforcesofZhaoRuilongandothers,HouLiangpingdidnotbackdown,firmlypushingforwardtheanti-corruptionwork,andnevercompromisingevenwhenfacinglifethreats.(他膽識過人且意志堅定，敢于挑戰(zhàn)身居高位、手握重權的腐敗分子。在漢東復雜的政治環(huán)境中，面對趙瑞龍等人的強大勢力，侯亮平毫不退縮，堅定推進反腐工作，即便遭遇生命威脅也絕不妥協(xié))”推知，《人民的名義》是一部反腐劇。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Inferiority(自卑)andconceit(自負)coexist:QiTongwei.部分的“Helongstoclimbtothetop,isunwillingtobowdown,isflexible(能屈能伸),andwillstopatnothingtopursuepower.(他不甘屈居人下、能屈能伸，為追逐權力不擇手段，一旦做出決定便會果斷付諸行動)”、“Integrity(廉潔)-Pursuitofpoliticalachievements(熱愛政績),LiDakang.(廉潔奉公且追求政績：李達康)”和“Brave,tenacious,upright,andselfless,HouLiangping.(勇敢堅毅、正直無私：侯亮平)”可知，祁同偉為追逐權力不擇手段、李達康廉潔奉公、侯亮平正直無私，由此可知，這三個角色建立在反對腐敗，堅持公平廉潔的基礎上。故選A。BForfouryears,TinaJones,aNewZealandinterior-designbusinessowner,hasinspiredotherstojoinherinsupportingcommunitycauses.Shefindsjoyinvolunteering,believingitbenefitsbothrecipients(接受者)andherself.Motivatedbythis,shenowcreatesopportunitiesforotherstocontributeeasily.TinastartedaFacebookMessengergroup,uniting40localwomenwiththegoalofhelpingthoseinneed.Whensheidentifiesacause—suchascollectingFoodbanksupplies,itemsforhomelessshelters,oressentialsforWomen’sRefuge—shemessagesthegroup.Herhomebecomesacentralcollectionpoint,makingiteasierforparticipantstocontribute.“It’saboutsaying,‘Here’sachancetohelp—joinifyoucan.’Peoplerespondamazingly,”Tinaexplains.Theapproachremovesbarrierstogiving,enablingotherstocontributeeffortlesslywithoutorganizingeffortsthemselves.Tinaadmitsthatwhilehermethodisirregular,itsuitshercurrentscheduleandliftsherspirits.“Idon’tcommittoongoingvolunteerrolesyet,butshort-termactionsworkwell.Assomeonewhoenjoyscommunication,bringingpeopletogetherfeelsnatural,”shesays.Whenherchildrenwereyounger,school-linkedprojectskeptherinvolved.Aftertheygrewup,Tinasoughtnewwaystomakeadifference.Herflexiblemodelhasprovensuccessful,promotingteamworkandpositivity.“Together,we’reimprovinglivesinsmallbutmeaningfulways—spreadingkindnessandbuildingconnections.It’srewarding,especiallyduringtoughtimes,”sheadds.Tinahighlightsthatvolunteeringdoesn’thavetoinvolvestrictschedulesorlonghours,akeyreason,whyherapproachappealstomany.Bysimplifyinggenerosity,sheempowersbusyindividualstoparticipateinsmall,manageableactsofgoodwill,creatingcollectiveimpactwhilestrengtheningcommunitybonds.4.WhatinspiredTinatocreateopportunitiesforotherstovolunteer?A.Herexperienceasadesigner.B.Herfondnessforcommunication.C.Encouragementfromcommunityleaders.D.Happinessandbenefitsfromvolunteering.5.HowdoesTina’sFacebookMessengergroupwork?A.Tinaorganizesbigeventsformemberstojoin.B.Tinasharesrequestsandusesherhomeasadrop-offpoint.C.Membersmustattendtheweeklyplanningmeeting.D.Membersarerequiredtomeetadonationminimum.6.WhydoesTina’svolunteeringapproachappealtosomanypeople?A.Itguaranteespublicrecognition.B.Itfocusesonfundraisingforschools.C.Itdemandsstrictschedulesandlonghours.D.Itsimplifiesgenerositythroughmanageableacts.7.WhatlessoncanbelearnedfromTina’sexperience?A.Notallthatshinesisgold. B.Romewasn’tbuiltinaday.C.Manyhandsmakelightwork. D.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了新西蘭室內(nèi)設計師蒂娜·瓊斯通過創(chuàng)建Facebook群組，簡化志愿活動，激勵他人參與社區(qū)公益?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Shefindsjoyinvolunteering,believingitbenefitsbothrecipientsandherself.Motivatedbythis,shenowcreatesopportunitiesforotherstocontributeeasily.(她從志愿服務中找到樂趣，認為這對受助者和她自己都有益處。受此激勵，她如今正為其他人創(chuàng)造輕松參與公益的機會)”可知，志愿服務帶來的快樂和益處激勵蒂娜為他人創(chuàng)造志愿機會。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TinastartedaFacebookMessengergroup,uniting40localwomenwiththegoalofhelpingthoseinneed.Whensheidentifiesacause—suchascollectingFoodbanksupplies,itemsforhomelessshelters,oressentialsforWomen’sRefuge—shemessagesthegroup.Herhomebecomesacentralcollectionpoint,makingiteasierforparticipantstocontribute.(蒂娜成立了一個FacebookMessenger群，將40名當?shù)嘏詧F結(jié)起來，目標是幫助有需要的人。當她確定一個事業(yè)時——比如收集食品銀行的物資、無家可歸者收容所的物品或婦女避難所的必需品——她就會給這個群發(fā)信息。她的家成為一個集中收集點，方便參與者捐款)”可知，蒂娜的Facebook群組通過分享需求信息，并利用她的家作為物資收集點來運作。故選B。【6題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Tinahighlightsthatvolunteeringdoesn’thavetoinvolvestrictschedulesorlonghours,akeyreason,whyherapproachappealstomany.Bysimplifyinggenerosity,sheempowersbusyindividualstoparticipateinsmall,manageableactsofgoodwill,creatingcollectiveimpactwhilestrengtheningcommunitybonds.(蒂娜強調(diào)，志愿服務不一定需要嚴格遵循固定日程，也不必投入大量時間，這正是她的做法吸引很多人的關鍵原因。通過簡化公益參與的方式，她讓忙碌的人們能夠參與到微小且易于管理的善舉中，在產(chǎn)生集體影響力的同時，也加強了社區(qū)的凝聚力)”可知，蒂娜的志愿方式通過易于管理的行為簡化了公益過程，因此吸引很多人。故選D。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中“Bysimplifyinggenerosity,sheempowersbusyindividualstoparticipateinsmall,manageableactsofgoodwill,creatingcollectiveimpactwhilestrengtheningcommunitybonds.(通過簡化公益參與的方式，她讓忙碌的人們能夠參與到微小且易于管理的善舉中，在產(chǎn)生集體影響力的同時，也加強了社區(qū)的凝聚力)”可知，文章主要講述了蒂娜通過組建志愿者群組，號召眾人共同參與公益活動，以微小善行改善社區(qū)生活，最終凝聚成顯著的集體影響力。這一過程生動詮釋了“眾人拾柴火焰高”的道理——強調(diào)個體力量雖小，但團結(jié)協(xié)作能創(chuàng)造更大價值。故選C。CIn1995,UyingaleftherhomeonthegrasslandtostudyattheInnerMongoliaUniversityofFinanceandEconomicsintheregionalcapital,Hohhot.Aftergraduatingwithabachelor’sdegreeinlandresourcemanagement,sheimmediatelydecidedtoreturnhomeasshebelievedthevastgrasslandhasmoreopportunitiestoofferthanbigcities.“Iwasbornonthegrassland,andIhaveafreespirit.Andtheinfrastructuresuchasroadsandtelecommunicationonthegrasslandhasbeensignificantlyimproved,soitcanbejustasconvenienttostartbusinessesatmyhome,”Uyingasaid.Followingtherecommendationofacareeradviserone-commerce,shestartedtopostvideosaboutthelifeofherdsmen(牧民)onsocialmediainJanuary2018.“Therewasn’tanyinfluencerpostingaboutthelifeofherdsmeninInnerMongoliabackthen.Andmyfirstgoalwastoclearuppeople’smisunderstandingsaboutherdsmen,”shesaid.Likemanypeoplefromtheregion,Uyingaisoftenaskediflocalsridehorsestoschoolandwork.“Manypeoplearen’tfamiliarwithlifeandcultureonthegrassland.Infact,theherdsmen’slifeonthegrasslandhasalsobeenimprovedandmodernized.Atthesametime,wehavekeptourtraditionsalive,”shesaid.BesidesenjoyingthestunningsunrisesandsunsetsintheshortvideospostedbyUyinga,peopleareparticularlyinterestedinhowherfamilypreparestraditionalMongolianfood,suchasdairyproducts,milkteaandboiledmeat.OneofUyinga’svideosthatwentviralfeaturesherfamilystoringmeatforaharshwinterahead.Ithasreceivedmorethan9millionviewsonsocialmediaplatforms.“I’veneverimaginedpeoplecanbesointerestedinournormalroutines.Ithasmadememoredeterminedtopromoteourrichcultureandheritage,”Uyingasaid.Shenowhasmorethan1.18millionfollowersontheshortvideoplatformDouyin,butshesaidshedoesn’tliketobecalledaninfluencer.“Iamsimplyarecorderofthegrasslandandthelifestyleoftheherdsmen,”shesaid.8.WhatmadeUyingacomebacktoherhometownaftergraduation?A.Hermajorintheuniversity. B.Herbeliefinthegrassland.C.Attachmenttoherhometown. D.Pressureinthebigcity.9.WhatwereUyinga’sfirstvideosaimedat?A.Showingoffherlifestyle.B.AttractingtouriststoInnerMongolia.C.PromotingtraditionalMongolianfood.D.Clarifyingmisconceptionsoftheherdsman’slife.10.WhatisknownabouttheherdsmeninInnerMongolia?A.Theyhomemakemeatproductsforwinter.B.Theyfacemanychallengesinthegrassland.C.Theyhavetotallyabandonedtheirtraditions.D.Theyenjoymakingvideosabouttheirlife.11.Whatisabesttitleforthepassage?A.Mongolia,hometoherdsmen. B.Herdsman,anewlifestyle.C.Grassland,homeofUyinga. D.Uyinga,agrasslandrecorder.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，主要講述了Uyinga從內(nèi)蒙古大學畢業(yè)后回到家鄉(xiāng)，通過在社交媒體發(fā)布短視頻記錄牧民生活，消除人們對牧民生活誤解并推廣草原文化的故事?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Aftergraduatingwithabachelor’sdegreeinlandresourcemanagement,sheimmediatelydecidedtoreturnhomeasshebelievedthevastgrasslandhasmoreopportunitiestoofferthanbigcities.(在獲得土地資源管理學士學位后，她立刻決定回家，因為她相信廣闊的草原比大城市能提供更多機會)”可知，是她對草原的信念，即認為草原機會更多，促使Uyinga畢業(yè)后回到家鄉(xiāng)。故選B。【9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Therewasn’tanyinfluencerpostingaboutthelifeofherdsmeninInnerMongoliabackthen.Andmyfirstgoalwastoclearuppeople’smisunderstandingsaboutherdsmen,”shesaid.(她說：“那時沒有網(wǎng)紅發(fā)布關于內(nèi)蒙古牧民生活的內(nèi)容。我的首要目標是消除人們對牧民的誤解”)”可知，Uyinga最初發(fā)布視頻的目的是消除人們對牧民生活的誤解。選D?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“OneofUyinga’svideosthatwentviralfeaturesherfamilystoringmeatforaharshwinterahead.(Uyinga的一個走紅視頻展示了她的家人為即將到來的嚴冬儲存肉類)”可以推斷，內(nèi)蒙古的牧民會為過冬自制肉制品。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段““Iamsimplyarecorderofthegrasslandandthelifestyleoftheherdsmen,”shesaid.(“我只是草原和牧民生活方式的記錄者”她說。)”可知，主要講述了Uyinga從內(nèi)蒙古大學畢業(yè)后回到家鄉(xiāng)，通過在社交媒體發(fā)布短視頻記錄牧民生活，消除人們對牧民生活誤解并推廣草原文化的故事。所以D“Uyinga，一名草原記錄者”為短文最佳標題。故選D。D“Assumeyouarewrong.”TheadvicecamefromBrianNosek,apsychologyprofessor,whowasofferingastrategyforpursuingbetterscience.TounderstandthecontextforNosek’sadvice,weneedtotakeastepbacktothenatureofscienceitself.Youseedespitewhatmanyofuslearnedinelementaryschool,thereisnosinglescientificmethod.Justasscientifictheoriesbecomeelaboratedandchange,sodoscientificmethods.Butmethodologicalreformhasn’tcomewithoutsomefrettingandfriction.Nastythingshavebeensaidbyandaboutmethodologicalreformers.Fewpeoplelikehavingthevalueoftheirlife’sworkcalledintoquestion.Ontheotherside,fewpeoplearegoodatvoicingcriticismsinkindandconstructiveways.So,partofthechallengeisfiguringouthowtobakecriticalself-reflectionintothecultureofscienceitself,soitunfoldsasawelcomeandintegratedpartoftheprocess,andnotanembarrassingsideshow.WhatNosekrecommendedwasastrategyforchangingthewayweofferandrespondtocritique.Assumingyouarerightmightbeamotivatingforce,sustainingtheenormouseffortthatconductingscientificworkrequires.Butitalsomakesiteasytointerpretcriticismsaspersonalattacks.Beginning,instead,fromtheassumptionyouarewrong,acriticismiseasiertointerpretasaconstructivesuggestionforhowtobelesswrong-agoalthatyourcriticpresumablyshares.Oneworryaboutthisapproachisthatitcouldbedemoralizingforscientists.Strivingtobelesswrongmightbealesseffectivemotivationthanthepromiseofbeingright.Anotherconcernisthatastrategythatworkswellwithinsciencecouldbackfirewhenitcomestocommunicatingsciencewiththepublic.Withoutanappreciationforhowscienceworks,it’seasytotakeuncertaintyordisagreementsasmarksagainstscience,wheninfacttheyreflectsomeoftheveryfeaturesofsciencethatmakeitourbestapproachtoreachingreliableconclusionsabouttheworld.Scienceisreliablebecauseitrespondstoevidence:asthequantityandqualityofourevidenceimproves,ourtheoriescanandshouldchange,too.Despitetheseworries,IlikeNosek’ssuggestionbecauseitbuildsincognitivehumilityalongwithasensethatwecandobetter.Italsobuildsinasenseofcommunity-we’reallinthesameboatwhenitcomestofallingshortofgettingthingsright.Unfortunately,thisstillleavesuswithanuntestedhypothesis:thatassumingoneiswrongcanchangecommunitynormsforthebetter,andultimatelysupportbetterscienceandeven,perhaps,betterdecisionsinlife.Idon’tknowifthat’strue.Infact,Ishouldprobablyassumethatit’swrong.Butwiththebenefitofthescientificcommunityandourbestmethodologicaltools,Ihopewecangetitlesswrong,together.12.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatisthecoremessageofBrianNosek’sadvice?A.Scientistsshouldalwaysbeconfidentintheirmethods.B.Thescientificmethodisunchanginganduniversal.C.Thereisaneedforamoreself-reflectiveapproachinthescientificcommunity.D.Methodologicalreformersareoftencriticizedunfairly.13.Inthecontextofthearticle,whatdoestheterm“methodologicalreformers”mostlikelyreferto?A.Peoplewhoareagainstscientificreforms.B.Scientistswhoadvocateforchangesinscientificmethods.C.Individualswhoareresistanttochangeintheirscientificwork.D.Criticswhoquestionthevalueofscientificmethods.14.Whatisapotentialbenefitofadoptingthe“assumeyouarewrong”strategyaccordingtotheauthor?A.Itcanreducepersonalattacksinscientificdebates.B.Itmayleadtoadecreaseinthemotivationofscientists.C.Itwillmakescientificconclusionsmorereliable.D.Itcanimprovethepublic’sunderstandingofscience.15.Consideringthe“assumeyouarewrong”strategy,whichofthefollowingapplicationsinnon-scientificfieldsismostlikelytoalignwiththeprinciplesdiscussedinthearticle?A.Encouragingbusinessleaderstoalwaystrusttheirinitialinstinctsinmakingdecisions.B.Trainingpoliticianstobemoredefensiveabouttheirpoliciestoavoidadmittingfaults.C.Promotingacultureineducationalinstitutionswhereteachersandstudentsactivelyseekfeedbacktoimprovelearningoutcomes.D.Advisingjournaliststosticktotheirnarrativesregardlessofopposingviewstomaintainconsistency.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。這篇文章主要講心理學教授BrianNosek提出“假設你錯了。”這一建議用于追求更好的科學，文章圍繞該建議展開，論述其背景、面臨的挑戰(zhàn)及擔憂，作者雖對這一假說存疑，但喜歡該建議，希望借助科學社區(qū)和方法工具，共同減少錯誤?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段““Assumeyouarewrong.”TheadvicecamefromBrianNosek,apsychologyprofessor,whowasofferingastrategyforpursuingbetterscience.(“假設你錯了?！边@個建議來自心理學教授BrianNosek，他提出了一種追求更好科學的策略。)”可知，BrianNosek建議的核心信息是科學界需要一種更加自我反思的方法。故選C。【13題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Nastythingshavebeensaidbyandaboutmethodologicalreformers.Fewpeoplelikehavingthevalueoftheirlife’sworkcalledintoquestion.Ontheotherside,fewpeoplearegoodatvoicingcriticismsinkindandconstructiveways.So,partofthechallengeisfiguringouthowtobakecriticalself-reflectionintothecultureofscienceitself,soitunfoldsasawelcomeandintegratedpartoftheprocess,andnotanembarrassingsideshow.(methodologicalreformers說了很多難聽的話，也說了很多關于他們的壞話。很少有人喜歡看到自己畢生工作的價值受到質(zhì)疑。另一方面，很少有人擅長以善意和建設性的方式提出批評。因此，挑戰(zhàn)的一部分是弄清楚如何將批判性的自我反思融入科學文化本身，使其成為過程的一個受歡迎和整合的部分，而不是尷尬的插曲。)”可知，methodologicalreformers指的是“主張改變科學方法的人”。A.Peoplewhoareagainstscientificreforms反對科學改革的人；B.Scientistswhoadvocateforchangesinscientificmethods提倡改變科學方法的科學家；C.Individualswhoareresistanttochangeintheirscientificwork在科學工作中抵制變革的個人；D.Criticswhoquestionthevalueofscientificmethods質(zhì)疑科學方法價值的批評者。故選B。【14題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Beginning,instead,fromtheassumptionyouarewrong,acriticismiseasiertointerpretasaconstructivesuggestionforhowtobelesswrong-agoalthatyourcriticpresumablyshares.(相反，從假設你錯了開始，批評就更容易解釋為如何減少錯誤的建設性建議——這是一個你的批評者可能也認同的目標。)”可知，采用“假設你是錯的”策略的一個潛在好處是它可以減少科學辯論中的個人攻擊。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中“Butwiththebenefitofthescientificcommunityandourbestmethodologicaltools,Ihopewecangetitlesswrong,together.(但是，借助科學界和我們最好的方法論工具的幫助，我希望我們能夠一起減少錯誤。)”可知，文章討論的原則是共同合作以減少錯誤。在非科學領域中，最符合這一原則的應用是在教育機構中推廣一種文化，教師和學生積極尋求反饋以改善學習成果。故選C。EInaworldthat’sawake24/7,alotofushaveprettymessedupsleepingschedules.Lackofsleepharmsbothphysicalandmentalhealth.Itmayleadtoemotionalinstabilityandpoordecision-makingabilities,oftenaccompaniedbydepressivesymptoms(癥狀).____16____Herearesomepracticaltipstohelpyousleepbetter.Establishaconsistentsleepschedule.Setaregularsleepandwaketimetotrainyourbody'sinternalclock.____17____Anditalsomakesiteasiertofallasleepatareasonablehour.AIMforseventoninehoursofsleepeachnighttoensureyou'rewell-rested.____18____Establishingarelaxingpre-sleeproutinesignalstoyourbrainthatit'stimetowinddown.Activitieslikereading,listeningtocalmingmusic,ortakingawarmbathcanhelprelaxbothmindandbody.Avoidintensephysicalactivitiesoranystressfultasks,astheymakeithardertosettledown.Limitingscreenexposureisalsocrucial.____19____Improveyoursleepenvironment.Makeyourbedroomcool(18—22℃),quiet,anddark.Youcandothisbyhangingcurtainstoblockoutlight,aswellasconsideringearplugsorwhitenoiseifnoiseisanissue.___20___Finally,reserveyourbedforsleepandrelaxationratherthanforworkingorwatchingTV.Thishelpsyourbrainassociatethebedroomwithrest,promotingearlierandmorerestfulsleep.A.Createacalmingbedtimeroutine.B.Adjustyourbody’sinternalclock.C.Additionally,investinqualitybeddingforeasiersleep.D.Asteadyschedulehelpsimprovethequalityofyoursleep.E.Mildsymptomscansometimesbemanagedwithregularexercise.F.Overtime,itmayalsoincreasetheriskofseriousphysicalillnesses.G.Thisisbecausethebluelightgivenoutbydevicescandisturbyoursleep.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.G20.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了缺乏睡眠的危害及提供了建立穩(wěn)定作息、睡前放松、改善睡眠環(huán)境等助眠的實用建議?！?6題詳析】由上文“Lackofsleepharmsbothphysicalandmentalhealth.Itmayleadtoemotionalinstabilityandpoordecision-makingabilities,oftenaccompaniedbydepressivesymptoms(癥狀).(缺乏睡眠會損害身心健康。它可能導致情緒不穩(wěn)定和決策能力差，常伴有抑郁癥狀。)”可知，本空應繼續(xù)闡述缺乏睡眠的負面影響。F選項“Overtime,itmayalsoincreasetheriskofseriousphysicalillnesses.(隨著時間的推移，它也可能增加患嚴重身體疾病的風險。)”可知，是對上文內(nèi)容的進一步補充，說明了長期缺乏睡眠的嚴重后果，符合題意。故選F?！?7題詳析】由上文“Establishaconsistentsleepschedule.Setaregularsleepandwaketimetotrainyourbody'sinternalclock.(建立一個一致的睡眠時間表。設定固定的睡眠和起床時間來訓練你的生物鐘。)”以及下文“Anditalsomakesiteasiertofallasleepatareasonablehour.AIMforseventoninehoursofsleepeachnighttoensureyou'rewell-rested.(而且它還能讓你在合理的時間更容易入睡。每晚的目標是睡7到9個小時，以確保你休息得很好。)”可知，本空應說明固定睡眠時間表的好處。D選項“Asteadyschedulehelpsimprovethequalityofyoursleep.(穩(wěn)定的作息有助于提高你的睡眠質(zhì)量。)”是對上文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，并引出了下文關于睡眠質(zhì)量的進一步討論，符合題意。故選D。【18題詳析】由下文“Establishingarelaxingpre-sleeproutinesignalstoyourbrainthatit'stimetowinddown.Activitieslikereading,listeningtocalmingmusic,ortakingawarmbathcanhelprelaxbothmindandbody.(建立一個放松的睡前習慣向你的大腦發(fā)出信號，表明是時候放松了。閱讀、聽舒緩的音樂或洗個熱水澡等活動可以幫助放松身心。)”可知，本空應提出關于建立睡前習慣的建議。A選項“Createacalmingbedtimeroutine.(創(chuàng)造一個平靜的睡前習慣。)”是對下文內(nèi)容的概括，符合題意。故選A?！?9題詳析】由上文“Limitingscreenexposureisalsocrucial.(限制屏幕暴露也很重要。)”可知，本空應解釋為什么限制屏幕暴露很重要。G選項“Thisisbecausethebluelightgivenoutbydevicescandisturbyoursleep.(這是因為設備發(fā)出的藍光會干擾你的睡眠。)”是對上文內(nèi)容的解釋，說明了藍光對睡眠的負面影響，符合題意。故選G。【20題詳析】由上文“Improveyoursleepenvironment.Makeyourbedroomcool(18—22℃),quiet,anddark.Youcandothisbyhangingcurtainstoblockoutlight,aswellasconsideringearplugsorwhitenoiseifnoiseisanissue.(改善你的睡眠環(huán)境。讓你的臥室涼爽（18-22℃）、安靜、黑暗。你可以通過掛窗簾來遮擋光線，如果噪音是個問題，也可以考慮使用耳塞或白噪音。)”可知，本空應繼續(xù)給出改善睡眠環(huán)境的建議。C選項“Additionally,investinqualitybeddingforeasiersleep.(此外，投資高質(zhì)量的床上用品有助于更容易入睡。)”是對上文內(nèi)容的補充，提供了另一個改善睡眠環(huán)境的建議，符合題意。故選C。三、語言運用（本大題共2節(jié)，25小題，共30分）第一節(jié)完形填空Thegrowingvolumeofhouseholdwastebasbecomeapressingcrisisinmoderncities.Shanghai,asoneoftheworld’smostpopulousmetropolises,facesparticularchallengesinmanagingthe30,000tonsofdomestictrash_____21_____daily.However,throughsystematicclassificationandinnovativesolutions,thecityisgraduallybuildinga/an_____22_____modelforsustainablewastemanagement.Theprocessbeginswithresidentssortingwasteintofour_____23_____:recyclables,hazardouswaste,wetwaste(kitchenscraps),anddrywaste.Thiscrucialstep,_____24_____implementedin2019,requirescitizenstodevelopnewhabits.Ms.Li,acommunityvolunteer,explains,“Atfirst,manyfoundtherules_____25_____,butnowover90%ofhouseholdsinourneighborhood_____26_____separatetheirtrashcorrectly.”Aftercollection,specializedtruckstransportdifferentcategoriestocorrespondingfacilities.Wetwasteundergoes_____27_____treatmenttoproducebiogasforelectricitygeneration,_____28_____drywasteiseitherincineratedforenergyrecoveryorsenttolandfills.AdvancedtechnologieslikeAI-poweredsortingrobotsandwaste-to-energyplantshavesignificantly_____29_____recyclingefficiency.Theenvironmentalimpactisremarkable.Properclassificationreduceslandfillusageby30%anddecreasesgreenhousegasemissionsby45%._____30_____,recycledmaterialssuchasplasticsandpaperconservenaturalresources.“Ourgoalistoachievezerowaste-to-landfillby2035,”saysamunicipalofficial.“Thisdemandsbothtechnological_____31_____andcontinuouspublicparticipation.”Studentsplayavitalroleinthiscampaign.Manyschoolshaveestablished“greenclubs”topromoteenvironmentalawareness.ZhangWei,ahighschoolstudent,shareshisexperience:"Weorganizecampusworkshopsanddesignappsto_____32_____recyclingknowledge.Smalldailyactions—likeusingreusablebags—collectivelymakeahuge_____33_____.”Whilechallengesremain,Shanghai’sprogressdemonstratesthaturbanwastemanagementcanbetransformedthrough_____34_____efforts.Asthecitycontinuestorefineitsstrategies,itsetsan_____35_____exampleforsustainabledevelopmentworldwide.21.A.consumed B.generated C.imported D.recycled22.A.temporary B.flexible C.efficient D.effective23.A.categories B.zones C.levels D.means24.A.temporarily B.approximately C.accidentally D.initially25.A.straightforward B.sentimental C.confusing D.outdated26.A.reluctantly B.consistently C.occasionally D.partially27.A.chemical B.mechanical C.experimental D.biological28.A.while B.unless C.because D.although29.A.boosted B.measured C.restricted D.revealed30.A.Nevertheless B.Consequently C.Meanwhile D.Similarly31.A.innovations B.regulations C.investments D.traditions32.A.simplify B.spread C.debate D.justify33.A.prediction B.compromise C.difference D.profit34.A.individual B.isolated C.commercial D.delayed35.A.inspiring B.fancy C.relieving D.striking【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.D25.C26.B27.D28.A29.A30.C31.A32.B33.C34.A35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了上海作為人口大都市，日均產(chǎn)生約3萬噸生活垃圾，通過2019年起實施的四類垃圾分類，結(jié)合AI分揀機器人等技術提升回收效率，減少填埋和排放，學生也參與其中，正邁向2035年零填埋目標，為全球提供范例。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：上海作為世界上人口最密集的都市之一，每天產(chǎn)生的約3萬噸生活垃圾管理問題尤為嚴峻。A.consumed消耗；B.generated產(chǎn)生；C.imported進口；D.recycled回收利用。根據(jù)上文“30,000tonsofdomestictrash”此處指每天要產(chǎn)生約3萬噸生活垃圾。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，通過系統(tǒng)的分類和創(chuàng)新的解決方案，這座城市正逐步建立起一套有效的可持續(xù)垃圾管理模式。A.temporary暫時的；B.flexible靈活的；C.efficient效率高的；D.effective有效的。根據(jù)上文“throughsystematicclassificationandinnovativesolutions”以及后文“Theprocessbeginswithresidentssortingwasteintofour”提到了垃圾分類，所以是這座城市正逐步建立起一套有效的可持續(xù)垃圾管理模式。故選D。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個過程始于居民將垃圾分為四類：可回收物、有害垃圾、濕垃圾（廚余垃圾）和干垃圾。A.categories類別；B.zones區(qū)域；C.levels水平；D.means方式。根據(jù)后文“recyclables,hazardouswaste,wetwaste(kitchenscraps),anddrywaste.”可知，垃圾被分為四個類別。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這一關鍵步驟于2019年首次推行，要求民眾養(yǎng)成新的習慣。A.temporarily暫時地；B.approximately大約；C.accidentally意外地；D.initially首先。根據(jù)后文“implementedin2019”可知，垃圾分類2019年首次推行，故選D。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：句意：李女士是一位社區(qū)志愿者，她解釋道：“起初，很多人覺得這些規(guī)定很令人困惑的。但現(xiàn)在，我們小區(qū)超過90%的家庭都能持續(xù)正確地進行垃圾分類了?！盇.straightforward簡單的；B.sentimental情感的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.outdated過時的。根據(jù)后文“butnow”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，推測起初對此感到困惑，后來可以正確分類。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：李女士是一位社區(qū)志愿者，她解釋道：“起初，很多人覺得這些規(guī)定很令人困惑的。但現(xiàn)在，我們小區(qū)超過90%的家庭都能持續(xù)正確地進行垃圾分類了?！盇.reluctantly不情愿地；B.consistently始終；C.occasionally偶爾；D.partially不完全地。根據(jù)后文“separatetheirtrashcorrectly”指超過90%的家庭都能持續(xù)正確地進行垃圾分類了。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：濕性廢棄物會經(jīng)過生物處理以產(chǎn)生用于發(fā)電的沼氣，而干性廢棄物則要么通過焚燒來回收能量，要么被送至垃圾填埋場。A.chemical化學的；B.mechanical機械的；C.experimental實驗性的；D.biological生物的。根據(jù)后文“treatmenttoproducebiogasforelectricitygeneration”可知，沼氣需要經(jīng)過生物處理。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：濕性廢棄物會經(jīng)過生物處理以產(chǎn)生用于發(fā)電的沼氣，而干性廢棄物則要么通過焚燒來回收能量，要么被送至垃圾填埋場。A.while然而，當……時候；B.unless除非；C.because因為；D.although雖然。根據(jù)上文“Wetwaste”以及后文“drywaste”可知為對比關系，用while。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：諸如人工智能驅(qū)動的分揀機器人和將廢棄物轉(zhuǎn)化為能源的工廠等先進技術，極大地提高了回收利用的效率。A.boosted促進，提高；B.measured測量；C