2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解高分策略：押題模擬試卷精講考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷PartIReadingComprehension(40points)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneThedigitalagehasirrevocablyalteredthelandscapeofreading.E-books,audiobooks,andonlinearticleshavebecomecommonplace,offeringunprecedentedconvenienceandaccesstoinformation.Whilethesedigitalformatshaveundeniablydemocratizedaccesstoliteratureandknowledge,theyhavealsosparkedadebateregardingtheirimpactondeepreadingcomprehensionandcriticalengagementwithtexts.Proponentsarguethatdigitaltoolsenhancereadingbyprovidinginteractivefeatures,instantdictionaries,andtheabilitytoeasilysearchforinformation.However,criticscontendthatthefragmentednatureofonlinecontentandtheconstantdistractionsinherentindigitaldevicesfostersuperficialreadinghabits,potentiallydiminishingtheabilitytoconcentrateandreflectdeeplyoncomplextexts.Thisshiftraisesconcernsaboutthelong-termeffectsoncognitiveabilitiescrucialforthoughtfulanalysisandinterpretation,whicharefundamentaltoacademicsuccessandinformedcitizenshipinacomplexworld.Questions:1.Whatistheprimaryconcernhighlightedregardingdigitalreadingformats?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatpotentialbenefitsdodigitaltoolsoffertoreaders?3.Theword"democratized"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)RestrictedB)ExpensiveC)WidenedaccesstoD)Standardized4.Whatevidencemightsupportthecritics'viewpointonthenegativeimpactofdigitalreading?5.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestisessentialforacademicsuccessandinformedcitizenship?PassageTwoUrbanizationpresentsbothopportunitiesandchallengesforsustainabledevelopment.Aspopulationsconcentrateincities,thereisagrowingdemandforhousing,infrastructure,andresources,strainingexistingecosystems.Citiesaremajorconsumersofenergyandwater,contributingsignificantlytopollutionandgreenhousegasemissions.However,urbanenvironmentsalsoofferuniqueadvantagesforpromotingsustainability.Thedensityofurbanpopulationsallowsformoreefficientpublictransportationsystems,reducespercapitaenergyconsumptionforcommuting,andfacilitatestheimplementationofgreentechnologiesandrenewableenergysourcesonalargerscale.Furthermore,urbancentersoftenserveashubsforinnovation,drivingadvancementsinsustainablepracticesandenvironmentalawareness.Achievingsustainableurbandevelopmentrequiresamultifacetedapproach,incorporatingsmartplanning,efficientresourcemanagement,communityengagement,andtheintegrationofgreenspacestocreatelivable,resilient,andenvironmentallyresponsiblecitiesforthefuture.Questions:6.Whatfundamentalpressuredoesurbanizationputonecosystemsaccordingtothepassage?7.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisakeyadvantagecitieshaveoverruralareasintermsofsustainability?8.Thephrase"multifacetedapproach"inthelastparagraphisbestunderstoodas:A)Asingle,complexsolutionB)AvarietyofinterconnectedstrategiesC)ApurelytechnologicalsolutionD)Relyingsolelyoncommunityaction9.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestisnecessaryforsuccessfulsustainableurbandevelopment?10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasachallengeassociatedwithurbanization?PassageThreeTheconceptof"gigwork"orthesharingeconomyhasfundamentallyalteredthetraditionalemploymentlandscape.Platformsconnectingfreelancerswithclientsoremployershaveproliferated,offeringflexibilityandindependencetoworkerswhileprovidingbusinesseswithagilelaborresources.Proponentsarguethatgigworkempowersindividualsbyallowingthemtochoosetheirprojects,settheirownschedules,andpotentiallyearnincomeontheirownterms.Thismodelisparticularlyattractiveinanincreasinglydynamicandunpredictablejobmarket.However,criticsraiseconcernsaboutthelackofjobsecurity,benefits,andlong-termcareerprospectsassociatedwithgigwork.Thetransientandoftenproject-basednatureoftheserolescanleaveworkersvulnerabletoeconomicinstabilityandwithoutaccesstosocialsafetynetstraditionallyprovidedbyemployers.Additionally,questionsariseregardingthepowerimbalancebetweenplatformsandindividualworkers,andthepotentialforexploitationwithinthisrelativelyunregulatedsector.Questions:11.Whatisthedefiningcharacteristicof"gigwork"mentionedinthepassage?12.Accordingtoproponents,whataresomeperceivedadvantagesofgigworkforindividuals?13.Whatpotentialdrawbackofgigworkishighlightedbycriticsregardingeconomicsecurity?14.Theword"proliferated"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)DeclinedB)DisappearedC)IncreasedrapidlyD)Becamelesscommon15.Whatissuerelatedtopowerdynamicsismentionedinthecontextofgigwork?PassageFourCulturalheritagerepresentstheaccumulatedlegacyofasociety'shistory,traditions,andartisticachievements.Itencompassesawiderangeoftangibleelementslikehistoricalbuildings,artifacts,andmonuments,aswellasintangibleaspectssuchaslanguages,customs,performingarts,andsocialpractices.Preservingculturalheritageiscrucialforseveralreasons.Itprovidesasenseofidentityandcontinuity,connectingpresentgenerationswiththeirpastandfosteringasenseofbelonging.Heritagesitesandtraditionsalsoplayasignificantroleintourism,contributingeconomicallytocommunitiesandpromotingcross-culturalunderstanding.Moreover,preservingculturaldiversityisvitalfortheenrichmentofhumanityasawhole.However,theprotectionofculturalheritagefacesnumerouschallenges,includingurbandevelopment,naturaldisasters,climatechange,andlooting.Effectiveconservationrequiresinternationalcooperation,adequatefunding,communityinvolvement,andthedevelopmentofsustainablepreservationstrategiesthatbalancetheneedsofthepresentwiththelegacyforfuturegenerations.Questions:16.Whatdoesthepassagedefineas"culturalheritage"?17.Accordingtothetext,whatisoneintangibleaspectofculturalheritagementioned?18.Whyispreservingculturalheritageimportantforasociety'ssenseofidentity?19.Thephrase"enrichmentofhumanity"inthethirdparagraphrefersto:A)MakinghumanitystrongermilitarilyB)IncreasingthenumberofhumanspeciesC)EnhancingthediversityandvalueofhumanculturesD)Improvingthematerialwealthofhumanity20.Whataresomeexternalthreatstoculturalheritagesitesmentionedinthepassage?---試卷答案1.C解析思路：文章首段提出數(shù)字閱讀帶來的便利與爭議，第二段明確指出批評者認(rèn)為數(shù)字閱讀“fostersuperficialreadinghabits,potentiallydiminishingtheabilitytoconcentrateandreflectdeeply”，即助長淺層閱讀習(xí)慣，可能削弱深度思考和集中力的能力。C選項(xiàng)“Widenedaccessto”（擴(kuò)大了獲取途徑）對應(yīng)首段提到的“democratizedaccesstoliteratureandknowledge”，但與核心問題不符。正確選項(xiàng)C指出了批評者關(guān)注的“對深度閱讀理解和批判性參與的影響”，即淺層化和思考力下降的問題。2.A解析思路：文章第二段首句提到“Proponentsarguethatdigitaltoolsenhancereadingbyprovidinginteractivefeatures,instantdictionaries,andtheabilitytoeasilysearchforinformation”。A選項(xiàng)“Interactivefeatures”（互動功能）、“instantdictionaries”（即時詞典）和“easilysearchforinformation”（輕松搜索信息）都直接來源于原文，這些都是數(shù)字工具為閱讀帶來的潛在好處。3.C解析思路：第一段中“democratizedaccesstoliteratureandknowledge”意為“擴(kuò)大了對文學(xué)和知識的獲取途徑”。Democratize在此處意為使……普及化、民主化。C選項(xiàng)“Widenedaccessto”（擴(kuò)大了獲取途徑）最貼近此意。A選項(xiàng)“Restricted”（限制）與文意相反。B選項(xiàng)“Expensive”（昂貴的）和D選項(xiàng)“Standardized”（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的）在文中均未體現(xiàn)。4.B解析思路：文章第二段指出批評者認(rèn)為數(shù)字閱讀的“fragmentednatureofonlinecontentandtheconstantdistractionsinherentindigitaldevicesfostersuperficialreadinghabits”。B選項(xiàng)“Constantdistractions”（持續(xù)的干擾）直接對應(yīng)文中的“constantdistractionsinherentindigitaldevices”（數(shù)字設(shè)備中固有的持續(xù)干擾），這是批評者認(rèn)為導(dǎo)致閱讀淺層化的原因之一。5.D解析思路：文章最后一句指出“whicharefundamentaltothoughtfulanalysisandinterpretation,whicharefundamentaltoacademicsuccessandinformedcitizenshipinacomplexworld”。D選項(xiàng)“Thoughtfulanalysisandinterpretation”（深思熟慮的分析和解釋）直接來源于此句，強(qiáng)調(diào)了在復(fù)雜世界中學(xué)術(shù)成功和明智公民身份所必需的核心能力。6.B解析思路：文章第一段明確提到“Aspopulationsconcentrateincities,thereisagrowingdemandforhousing,infrastructure,andresources,strainingexistingecosystems”。B選項(xiàng)“Consumptionofresourcesstrainingecosystems”（資源消耗使生態(tài)系統(tǒng)承受壓力）準(zhǔn)確概括了人口集中對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成的壓力，即資源需求的增加給生態(tài)系統(tǒng)帶來了負(fù)擔(dān)。7.A解析思路：文章第三段指出“However,urbanenvironmentsalsoofferuniqueadvantagesforpromotingsustainability.Thedensityofurbanpopulationsallowsformoreefficientpublictransportationsystems,reducespercapitaenergyconsumptionforcommuting,andfacilitatestheimplementationofgreentechnologiesandrenewableenergysourcesonalargerscale”。A選項(xiàng)“Moreefficientpublictransportationsystems”（更高效的公共交通系統(tǒng)）是城市在可持續(xù)性方面相對于農(nóng)村地區(qū)的優(yōu)勢之一，直接對應(yīng)文中的內(nèi)容。8.B解析思路：文章最后一段提到“Achievingsustainableurbandevelopmentrequiresamultifacetedapproach,incorporatingsmartplanning,efficientresourcemanagement,communityengagement,andtheintegrationofgreenspaces”。這里列舉了多種方法，如“smartplanning”（智能規(guī)劃）、“efficientresourcemanagement”（高效資源管理）等，表明“multifacetedapproach”（多方面方法）是指多種相互關(guān)聯(lián)的策略組合。9.D解析思路：根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展需要“smartplanning,efficientresourcemanagement,communityengagement,andtheintegrationofgreenspaces”，這些都是需要采取的措施。D選項(xiàng)“Integratinggreenspacesintourbandesign”（將綠地融入城市設(shè)計(jì)）是文中提到的具體策略之一，代表了文中所暗示的綜合性方法的重要性。10.C解析思路：文章第三段提到了能源消耗（energyconsumption）、污染（pollution）和溫室氣體排放（greenhousegasemissions）作為城市化帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。A選項(xiàng)“Increaseddemandforresources”（對資源需求的增加）是第一段提到的。B選項(xiàng)“Formationofsmoginurbanareas”（城市地區(qū)形成煙霧）可歸入污染范疇，是第二段提到的。D選項(xiàng)“Economicinstabilityforworkers”（工人經(jīng)濟(jì)不穩(wěn)定）是第三段討論gigwork時提到的潛在問題。C選項(xiàng)“Lossoftraditionalagriculturalpractices”（傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐喪失）在全文中沒有提及。11.B解析思路：文章第一段定義了“gigwork”或“sharingeconomy”為“Platformsconnectingfreelancerswithclientsoremployers”，并指出其特點(diǎn)為“transientandoftenproject-basednatureoftheseroles”。B選項(xiàng)“Basedonshort-termprojectsortasks”（基于短期項(xiàng)目或任務(wù)）準(zhǔn)確概括了“transientandoftenproject-based”的核心含義，即工作的臨時性和項(xiàng)目性。12.A解析思路：文章第二段首句提到“Proponentsarguethatgigworkempowersindividualsbyallowingthemtochoosetheirprojects,settheirownschedules,andpotentiallyearnincomeontheirownterms”。A選項(xiàng)“Allowingindividualsflexibilityinchoosingprojectsandsettingtheirownschedules”（允許個人在選擇項(xiàng)目和設(shè)定自己的時間表方面擁有靈活性）直接對應(yīng)了支持者提出的觀點(diǎn)，即gigwork為個人提供了選擇項(xiàng)目和時間安排的自主權(quán)。13.A解析思路：文章第三段明確指出批評者認(rèn)為gigwork的“l(fā)ackofjobsecurity,benefits,andlong-termcareerprospects”。A選項(xiàng)“Lackofjobsecurity”（缺乏工作保障）是文中提到的批評者關(guān)注的關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)安全的潛在問題。14.C解析思路：第一段中提到“Platformsconnectingfreelancerswithclientsoremployershaveproliferated”。Proliferate意為迅速增加、大量涌現(xiàn)。C選項(xiàng)“IIncreasedrapidly”（迅速增加）最貼近此意。A選項(xiàng)“Declined”（減少）與文意相反。B選項(xiàng)“Disappeared”（消失）和D選項(xiàng)“Becamelesscommon”（變得更不常見）也與文意不符。15.C解析思路：文章最后一段提到“Additionally,questionsariseregardingthepowerimbalancebetweenplatformsandindividualworkers,andthepotentialforexploitationwithinthisrelativelyunregulatedsector”。C選項(xiàng)“Powerimbalancebetweenplatformsandworkers”（平臺與工人之間的權(quán)力不平衡）直接對應(yīng)了文中提到的“powerimbalancebetweenplatformsa